TIẾNG NHẬT CƠ BẢN A B C

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TIẾNG NHẬT CƠ BẢN A B C (SƯU TẦM TRÊN INTERNET)

LESSON 1 - Meeting the New Neighbor

This lesson will teach you how to greet and to carry out a conversation in Japanese In this dialog, Yota Suzuki and Jason Miller meet for the first time at Jason's house in Tokyo

Jason: Watashi wa Jeson Miraa desu Hajimemashite Doozo yoroshiku

I am Jason Miller Nice to meet you

(May I ask you to be kind to me.)

Yota:

Jason:

Listen to Dialog up to this point (.wav file)

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I am a high school student

kon'nichi wa hello

watashi I, me, myself

desu am, are, is

Amerika-jin American (person)

Nihon-jin Japanese (person)

daigaku-sei college student

1 Watashi wa Suzuki Yota desu.

This sentence means "I am Yota Suzuki." It is standard for Japanese to use their family

name first followed by their given name The sentence pattern is "Noun wa noun desu" which translates as "Noun is Noun" The wa is a particle indicating a subject or a topic, while desu is an equivalent to "am", "are", and "is"

Examples: Watashi wa Sumisu desu.

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(I am Mr Smith.) Watashi wa Tanaka desu.

(I am Mr Tanaka.)

2 Anata wa Amerika-jin desu ka.

This sentence means "Are you an American?" The word ka is a particle which makes a

sentence a question

Examples: Anata wa Nihon-jin desu ka.

(Are you Japanese?) Anata wa Suzuki-san desu ka.

(Are you Mr Suzuki?)

3 Otomo-dachi mo kookoo-sei desu ka.

This sentence means "Is your friend also a high school student?" The word mo is a

particle and means "also"

Examples: Sumisu-san mo Amerika-jin desu ka.

(Is Mr Smith also an American?) Watashi mo daigaku-sei desu.

(I am also a college student.)

Examples: Gaadana-san wa Igirisu-jin desu.

(Mr Gardiner is English [Igirisu=England]) Rozenbawa-san wa Doitsu-jin desu.

(Mr Rosenbauer is German.[Doitsu=Germany])

5 Watashi wa kookoo-sei desu.

This sentence means "I am a high school student" The word kookoo-sei is a compound

of the two words, kookoo and -sei Kookoo is a shortened form of the word

kootoogakkoo which means "high school" and -sei is an ending which means "student"

Examples: Waatamanu-san wa daigakuin-sei desu.

(Mr Waterman is a graduate student.[daigakuin=graduate school])

Rassoru-san wa daigaku-sei desu.

(Mr Russell is a college student.)

Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes (.wav file)

Japanese Language Lessons

LESSON 2 - Yota's Room

In this lesson, Yota Suzuki and Jason Miller discuss items in Yota's room This lesson will teach you how to greet and to carry out a conversation in Japanese In this dialog, Yota Suzuki and Jason Miller meet for the first time at Jason's house in Tokyo

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Jason:

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1 Kore wa Kamera desu.

The sentence means literally "As for this, it is a camera" A better English translation

would be "This is a camera" The sentence pattern is Kore wa noun desu, which

translates as "This is Noun" Kore, sore, are and dore are a group of related words

meaning "this", "that", "that over there" and "which"

(That over there is a college.)

2 Kore desu ka Kore wa denwa desu.

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This sentence means "This? This is a telephone" The pattern "Noun desu ka" in the

beginning of the sentence is for emphasis

Examples: Watashi desu ka Watashi wa Itaria-jin desu.

(Me? I am Italian [Itaria = Italy]) Are desu ka Are wa tomodachi no konpyuutaa desu.

(That over there? It is my friend's computer.)

3 Dare no kamera desu ka.

This sentence means "Whose camera is it?" Dare means "who" and dare no implies

"whose" No is a particle that shows possession between two nouns In this sentence, the subject sore wa is omitted because in Japanese, if the subject is already mentioned,

it is not necessary to repeat it

Examples: Dare no konpyuutaa desu ka.

(Whose computer is it?) Dare no denwa desu ka.

(Whose telephone is it?)

4 Watashi no kamera desu.

This sentence means "This is my camera" Again, the subject is omitted for the same

reason as seen in #3 Watashi no implies "my" and anata no implies "your" The

sentence pattern with no has the first noun possessing the second For instance,

Miraa-san no zasshi means "Miller's magazine"

Examples: Sore wa anata no denwa desu.

(That is your telephone.) Kore wa Waatamanu-san no hon desu.

(This is Mr Waterman's book.)

5 Iie, kono konpyuutaa wa tomodachi no desu.

This sentence means "No, this computer is my friend's" The words tomodachi no mean

"friend's", with konpyuutaa being understood since it was already mentioned as a topic

Kono konpyuutaa means "this computer" Kono, sono, ano and dono are a group of

related words that show possession of a noun, meaning "this", "that", "that over there",

and "which" Kore, sore, are and dore cannot show possession but stand alone in their meaning Kono, sono, ano and dono can only show possession and cannot stand alone

Examples: Sono zasshi wa Kaatan-san no desu.

(That magazine is Mr Cartin's.) Ano denwa wa Miraa-san no desu.

(That telephone over there is Mr Miller's.) Dono hon wa Suzuki-san no desu ka.

(Which book is Mr Suzuki's?) Kono hon wa tomodachi no desu.

(This book is my friend's.) Kore wa tomodachi no desu.

(This is my friend's.)

6 Kore wa Nihon-go de nan desu ka.

This sentence means "What is it in Japanese?" or "How do you say it in Japanese?" The

word de is a particle that signifies "in" when referring to a language

Thus, Nihon-go de means "in Japanese" The word Nihon-go is a compound of the two words, Nihon and go Go means "language" and when added to the end of a country

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name, it signifies the language of that country.

Examples: Kore wa Doitsu-go de nan desu ka.

(What is this in German? [What do you call this in German?]) Itaria-go de sore wa "libro" desu.

(In Italian, that is "libro".)

7 Jaa, are wa.

This sentence means "Then, how about that over there?" The sentence should be Jaa,

are wa nan desu ka Again, since nan desu ka is already mentioned and understood, it

can be omitted If you do not want to omit it, it is perfectly fine to say Jaa, are wa nan

desu ka

Examples: Kore wa nan desu ka.

(What is this?) Sore wa hon desu.

(That is a book.) Jaa, kore wa.

(Then, what is this?) Sore wa denwa desu.

(That is a telephone.)

8 Are wa hon de, kore wa zasshi desu.

This sentence means "That over there is a book and this is a magazine" De, in this case, is a shortened form of desu It means "something is X, and something is Y"

Examples: Kore wa kamera de are wa konpyuutaa desu.

(This is a camera and that over there is a computer.) Waatamanu-san wa Amerika-jin de Rozenbawa-san wa Doitsu-jin desu.

(Mr Waterman is American and Mr Rosenbauer is German.)

A Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.

1 kore wa ( ) desu ka

2 ( (this) ) wa kamera desu

3 Are ( ) watashi ( ) desu

4 Kono konpyutaa wa ( (whose) ) desu ka

5 Are ( ) denwa ( ), kore ( ) kamera desu

B Say the following in Japanese.

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Click here to check the answers!!

LESSON 3 - Meeting Mary

In this lesson, Jason introduces Yota to Mary from Australia

Jason and Yota walk over to Mary

Mary:

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Yota:

Mary:

1 Ano kata no namae wa nan desu ka.

This sentence means literally " As for the name of that person over there, what is it?" a better English translation would be "That person over there, what is her name?" The

sentence pattern is "Noun wa nan desu ka?" which translates as "What is noun"

Examples: Sore wa nan desu ka.

(What is that?)

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Ano inu no namae wa nan desu ka.

(What is that dogs name? [inu=dog])

2 Oostoraria no doko desu ka.

This sentence means "Where in Australia?" The construction is "Noun no doko desu ka."

Doko means "where" and doko desu ka is a familiar way of asking where a place is The

particle no refers to the noun and can mean "within", so you also could say "What part

of Australia?" Wa can be used in place of no to ask where a person or something is

Examples: Itaria no doko desu ka.

(Where in Italy?) Waatamanu-san no inu wa doko desu ka.

(Where is Mr Waterman's dog?)

3 Saa, watashi wa shirimasen.

This sentence means "Well, I don't know (but can find out)." Shirimasen is the present negative form of the verb shiru which means "to know" Shirimasen can mean "I don't

know", "He/She doesn't know", "We don't know", or "They don't know", depending on

the context of the sentence Since watashi wa is here as the subject, the meaning is

clear

Examples: Sumisu-san wa shirimasen.

(Mr Smith doesn't know.) Watashi no tomodachi wa shirimasen.

(My friend doesn't know.)

4 Meariisan, kochira wa suzuki-san desu.

This sentence means "Mary, this is Mr Suzuki" Kochira literally means "this direction" But, in this case, it has a special meaning which is "this person" Kochira is used when

introducing people

Examples: Mearii-san, kochira wa Miraa-san desu.

(Mary, this is Mr Miller.) Kimura-san, kochira wa Sumisu-san desu.

(Mr Kimura, this is Mr Smith.)

5 Suzuki-san wa Tookyoo-umare desu ka.

This sentence literally means "Mr Suzuki, is Tokyo the place of your origin?" A better translation into English would be "Mr Suzuki, is your home in Tokyo?" or "Were you

born in Tokyo?" Adding umare, which means "born", to the end of a place designates

the place as the person's home

Examples: Rozenbaawa-san wa Munhen-umare desu.

(Mr Rosenbauer is from Munich [Munchen].) Gaadana-san wa Rondon-umare desu.

(Mr Gardner is from London.)

6 Iie, Kyoto desu.

This sentence means "No, it is in Kyoto", referring to where Mr Suzuki's home is As

has been explained before, you do not have to repeat watakushi wa Kyoto-umare desu The subject (I) is clear You can say Kyoto desu or Kyoto-umare desu, if the previous

statement explains the situation clearly

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Examples: Waatamanu-san wa Daarasu-umare desu ka.

(Mr Waterman,is your home in Dallas?) Iie, Rondon desu.

(No, it is in London.)

1 ( (that) ) kata wa ( (who) ) desu ka

2 ( (this) ) kata no namae wa ( (what) ) desu ka

3 Suzuki-san wa ( (where) ) umare desu ka

4 America no ( (where) ) desu ka

B Answer the question based on the dialogue.

1 Mearii-san wa Amerika-jin desu ka

2 Mearii-san wa doko-umare dusu ka

3 Suzuki-san wa kyoto umare desu ka

LESSON 4 - Discussing the Weather

This lesson will teach you how to greet and to carry out a conversation in Japanese In this dialog, Yota Suzuki and Jason Miller meet for the first time at Jason's house in Tokyo

Yota:

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Jason: Hai, genki desu

Yota:

Jason: Ee Watashi wa Shiatoru-umare desu ga, totemo samui desu yo

shibaraku

it's been a long time

O-genki

feeling in good spirits (formal)

genki feeling in good spirits (informal)

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1 Miraa-san, shibaraku desu ne.

The sentence means "Mr Miller, it's been a long time" Shibaraku is used when two

people who know each other meet after not seeing each other for a significant amount

of time Ne is added to the end of the sentence when expecting agreement

Examples: Moriyama-san, shibaraku desu ne.

(Mr Moriyama, it's been a long time.) Sumisu-san, shibaraku desu ne.

(Mr Smith, it's been a long time.)

2 Ee, chotto isogashii desu / Ee, totemo isogashii desu.

The first sentence means "Yes, I am a little busy." The second sentence means "Yes, I

am very busy." Chotto is a descriptive that means "a little" It can be added to any adjective to de-emphasize an expression Totemo is the opposite; it means "very" It can be added to any adjective to emphasize an expression Totemo is used to really

emphasize an expression

Examples: Ee, chotto samui des.

(Yes, it is a little cold.)

Ee, totemo samui desu.

(Yes, it is very cold.) Here you learn a new sentence pattern: Noun wa Adjective desu It is almost the same as noun wa noun desu in the present tense

Examples: Kyoo wa samui desu.

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(Today, it is cold.) Anata wa isogashii desu ka.

(Are you busy?)

3 Kyoo wa ii tenki desu ne.

The sentence above means "The weather is pleasant today." Kyoo wa is the topic and

is used to emphasize that the following sentence refers to this day Ii tenki is a

frequently used expression in conversation Usually, comments about the weather immediately follow a greeting

Examples: Kyoo wa totemo atsui desu.

(It is very hot today.) Kyoo wa chotto atsui desu.

(It is a little hot today.)

4 Soo desu ne.

This expression means "So it is", "Yes, it is", or simply "yes" It is used frequently in

conversation to agree Soo desu ka is a variation meaning "Oh, really?" and is used

when the speaker is hearing new information

Examples: Tanaka-san wa Kyooto-umare desu ne.

(Mr Tanaka is from Kyoto, isn't he?) Soo desu ne.

(Yes, he is [He refers back to the previous statement.])

5 Ima, America mo atsui desu ka.

This sentence means "Is it also hot in the United States now?" Ima means "now" and is

used often to emphasize an occurrence that is happening at this point in time

Examples: Ima, Waataman-san wa daigaku-sei desu.

(Mr Waterman is a college student now.) Ima, Doitsu mo samui desu ka.

(Is it also cold in Germany now?)

6 Hai, atsui deshoo.

This sentence means "Yes, it is probably hot" Deshoo is a variation of desu and means

"it is probably" In this sentence, Jason is commenting that he thinks it is hot in the

United States now because of past experience He uses deshoo because he is not

positive since he is not there at this moment

Examples: Waarasu-san wa Rondon-umare deshoo.

(Mr Wallace is probably from London.) Are wa Akutsu-san no kamera deshoo.

(That camera over there is probably Mr Akutsu's.)

7 Ee, Totemo samui desu yo.

This sentence means "Yes, it is very cold" The particle yo is used to emphasize a

statement This should be used with caution as sometimes, it may be considered rude

or impolite It should only be used with someone that the speaker knows well Ee is a more informal way of saying "yes" than hai

Examples: Ee, ano hito wa Shaafu-san desu.

(Yes, that person over there is Mr Shauf.)

Ee, totemo atsui desu, yo.

(Yes, it is very hot.)

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1 Suzuki-san, ( ) (It has been a long time.)

2 Saikin ( ) desu ka (busy)

3 Ee, ( ) desu (a little busy)

4 Kyoo wa ( ) tenki desu ne (bad)

5 Amerika ( ) samui desu (also)

B Answer the following questions according the question given.

1 Ogenki desu ka

2 Saikin isogashii desu ka

3 Kyoo wa ii tenki desu ne

4 Amerika mo atsui desu ka

5 Nihon mo atsui desu ka

LESSON 5 - Yota's Birthday and Mary's Parents

In this lesson, Mr Suzuki asks Mr Miller about his age and Mary about her parents

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Oh really? Happy birthday

Yota: Arigatoo Miraa-san no otoo-san to okaa-san wa ogenki desu ka Thank you Are your father and mother doing well (in good spirits)?

Mary: Chichi wa kaisha-in de, haha wa kookoo no kyooshi desu

My father is a businessman and my mother is a high school instructor

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shichi, nana seven

father (someone else's)

okaa-san mother (someone else's)

oshigoto

job (formal)

chichi father (the speaker's)

Listen to Vocabulary (.wav file)

1 Miraa-san, nan-sai desu ka.

The first sentence means, "Mr Miller, how old are you?" Nansai is a compound of the word nan, meaning "what" and the ending -sai, meaning "age." The second sentence means "I am seventeen (years old)." The addition of -sai to jyuu-nana changes the meaning of jyuu-nana from simply the number seventeen to seventeen years old

Examples: A: Shaafu-san, nan-sai desu ka.

(A: Mr Shauf, how old are you?)

B: Ni-jyuu-nana-sai desu.

(B: I am twenty-seven [years old].)

2 Miraa-san no otoo-san to okaa-san wa ogenki desu ka.

This sentence means, "Mr Miller, are your father and mother well?" This sentence

introduces a new pattern: Noun to noun wa To is a particle which is the Japanese

equivalent of the English "and."

Examples: Wootaaman-san to Furiimanu wa tomodachi desu.

(Mr Waterman and Mr Freeman are friends.)

Sumisu-san to Tanaka-san wa sensei desu.

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(Mr Smith and Mr Tanaka are teachers.)

3 Chichi wa kaisha-in de, haha wa kookoo no kyooshi desu.

This sentence above means, "My father is a businessman and my mother is high school

instructor." This introduces the pattern: noun de noun desu De is a shortened form of

desu which acts as a connector of two sentences, adding the conjunction "and" to the

meaning

Examples: Woorasu-san wa rekishi no sensei de Gaadana-san wa eigo no sensei desu.

(Mr Wallace is a history teacher and Mr Gardner is an English teacher [Eigo=English])

Mearii-san wa ni-jyuu-go-sai de Jyuuri-san wa ni-jyuu-roku-sai desu.

(Mary is twenty-five [years old] and Julie is twenty-six [years old].)

A Say the following numbers in Japanese.

B How do you say the following?

1 I am sixteen years old

2 I am twenty-two years old

3 Are you twenty-five years old?

4 How old are you?

C Fill in the following blanks.

1 Sumisu-san ( ), Tanaka-san ( ) gakusei desu

2 Chichi ( ) kyoshi ( ), haha wa kaisha-in desu

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LESSON 6 - The Weekend / Japanese Writing

(しゅうまつ / ひらがなとカタカナ)

Today, before you learn a dialogue, you are going to learn how to write Japanese

characters There are three Japanese writing systems:

1 Kanji: Characters imported from China long ago, each conveying an idea, usually having two readings A set of more than 7,000 ideographic characters used to represent concrete concepts such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs

2 Hiragana: A phoenetic alphabet, or syllabary (a set of characters, where each character represents a syllable) used to represent particles in sentences, verb inflexions (this usage is called okurigana), and other words not written in kanji Another use is to write them above Japanese text to indicate the pronunciation of Kanji (this usage is called furigana)

3 Katakana: Another phonetic alphabet or syllabary used primarily for foreign names

or places and words of foreign origin Katakana are written using straight lines

Besides these three writing systems, Japanese is sometimes written in Roman letters

called roomaji The three systems of writing above are used together (mixed) in written

Japanese

For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to

download or view a text file that contains the romaji (Right click the link if you would like

to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson We recommend this only be used as a study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana

Get the Romaji for this lesson

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Oh really? Good luck

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Examples: ウォーターマンさん、こんどのどうようびなにをしますか。

(Mr Waterman, what will you do this [coming] Saturday?)

します (Shimasu) is a verb meaning "to do." It is a semi-formal form and is used in everyday life All Japanese verbs have semi-formal forms (non-past affirmative, non-past negative, past affirmative, past negative)

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(No, I did not [buy any clothes].)

1 Kondo no shuumatsu ( ) o shimasu ka

2 ( ) e ikimasu ka

3 ( ) o benkyoo shimasu ka

B Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words (From left to right).

LESSON 7 - Plans for Tomorrow (あしたのプラン)

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Mr Suzuki and Mr Miller discuss what they will do tomorrow

For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to

download or view a text file that contains the romaji (Right click the link if you would like

to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson We recommend this only be used as a study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana

Get the Romaji for this lesson

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すずき: アメリカのえいががあります。メアリーさんもきます。

This sentence means What time are you going? "なんじ" is a compound word meaning

what time "に" following time means at, referring to a moment in time Verbatim, At what time? However, this is often deleted when translated into English

Examples: えいがはなんじにはじまりますか。

(What time does the movie start?)

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