This file is licensed to Abdual Hadi Nema (ahaddi58@yahoo.com) License Date: 6/1/2010 CONTRIBUTORS In addition to the Technical Committees, the following individuals contributed significantly to this volume The appropriate chapter numbers follow each contributor’s name Lane Loyko (2) PLA Corporation Danny Halel (9) Hussman Corporation Bryan R Becker (19) University of Missouri–Kansas City John Sluga (2) Hansen Technologies Corporation Daniel Miles (9) Vacuum Technologies, Inc Matt Musich (25) Ingersoll Rand M Kent Anderson (3) James W Young, Jr (10) ITW Insulation Systems Robert Srichai (25) Ingersoll Rand Robert A Jones (11) Sporlan Division, Parker Hannifin Jeff Berge (26) Ingersoll Rand Andrew B Pearson (3) Star Refrigeration, Ltd Dennis Littwin (11) Fujikoki America Josh Ide (26) Ingersoll Rand Don Siller (3) Ernest Schumacher (11) Bill Mohs (27) Ingersoll Rand Licensed for single user © 2010 ASHRAE, Inc Bruce Griffith (3) Johnson Controls/Frick John R Topliss (3) Joe Karnaz (12) Refrigeration Components (RCC) Canada CPI Engineering Ltd Liwen Wei (12) Robert Doerr (6) Novitas Chem Solutions Jay Field (6) Trane Company Rob Yost (12) National Refrigerant Ganesan Sundaresan (6) Sundaresan Consulting Services, LLC Pradeep Bansal (17) University of Auckland John Dieckmann (17) TIAX LLC Raymond Tomas (6) Honeywell Alexander D Leyderman (8) Fairchild Controls Detlef Westphalen (17) Navigant Consulting, Inc David Yashar (17) National Institute of Standards and Technology Alex Lifson (8) UT Carrier Co George Johnston (38) Tropicana Daniel Dettmers (38, 50) IRC-University of Wisconsin, Madison John Edmonds (43) Edmonds Engineering Co John Scott (43, 44) Natural Resources Canada Wayne Borrowman (44) Cimco Refrigeration Roger Taliotis (44) Geoxergy Nick Dimick (50) IRC-University of Wisconsin, Madison ASHRAE HANDBOOK COMMITTEE Dennis L O’Neal, Chair 2010 Refrigeration Volume Subcommittee: William J McCartney, Chair Roberto R Aguilo Daniel J Dettmers Cecily M Grzywacz ASHRAE HANDBOOK STAFF W Stephen Comstock, Publisher Director of Publications and Education Mark S Owen, Editor Heather E Kennedy, Associate Editor Nancy F Thysell, Typographer/Page Designer David Soltis, Manager and Jayne E Jackson, Publications Traffic Administrator Publishing Services Copyright © 2010, ASHRAE