AS 2118 1 1999 automatic fire sprinkler systems general re

Title AS 2118.1-1999 Automatic fire sprinkler systems - General requirements Licensee Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Conditions of use This is a licensed electronic copy of a document where copyright is owned or managed by Standards Australia International Your licence is a single user licence and the document may not be stored, transferred or otherwise distributed on a network You may also make one paper copy of this document if required Web Check-up AS 2118.1—1999 (Incorporating Amendment No 1) AS 2118.1 Australian Standard™ Building Code of Australia Primary referenced Standard Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Automatic fire sprinkler systems Part 1: General requirements This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee FP/4, Automatic Sprinkler Installations It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 15 October 1999 and published on December 1999 The following interests are represented on Committee FP/4: Association of Consulting Engineers Australia Australasian Fire Authorities Council A1 Australian Building Codes Board Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Australian Industry Group Department of Defence (Australia) FPA Australia Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Institution of Engineers Australia Insurance Council of Australia Property Council of Australia Additional interests participating in preparation of Standard: Testing interests (Australia) Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published Between editions, amendments may be issued Standards may also be withdrawn It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased Detailed information about Standards can be found by visiting the Standards Australia web site at www.standards.com.au and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-line catalogue Alternatively, the printed Catalogue provides information current at January each year, and the monthly magazine, The Australian Standard, has a full listing of revisions and amendments published each month We also welcome suggestions for the improvement in our Standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities Contact us via email at mail@standards.com.au, or write to the Chief Executive, Standards Australia International Ltd, PO Box 1055, Strathfield, NSW 2135 This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 98555 AS 2118.1—1999 (Incorporating Amendment No 1) Australian Standard™ Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Automatic fire sprinkler systems Part 1: General requirements Originated as AS CA16—1939 Previous edition AS 2118—1982 Revised and redesignated in part as AS 2118.1—1999 Reissued incorporating Amendment No (June 2000) COPYRIGHT © Standards Australia International All rights are reserved No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher Published by Standards Australia International Ltd PO Box 1055, Strathfield, NSW 2135, Australia ISBN 7337 3021 AS 2118.1—1999 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee FP/4, Automatic Sprinkler Installations, to supersede AS 2118.1 — 1995, Automatic fire sprinkler systems, Part 1: Standard This Standard incorporates Amendment No (June 2000) The changes required by the Amendment are indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment number against the clause, note, table, figure, or part thereof affected The objective of this edition is to include changes that reflect recent advances in technology and to refine the content for clarity and conciseness Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Significant changes have been made to Section concerning exposure protection, and to Section relating to protection of concealed spaces Sections 10, 11 and 12, in respect to hydraulic calculation methods, have also received attention Section 9, Light hazard class systems, has been entirely rewritten to include more useable and up-to-date parameters for the design of this class of system The definitions clauses have been enlarged and the informative text for occupancy classification is set out in an appendix The revision to the AS 2118 suite of Standards has included Standards Australia’s requirements to keep product and installation Standards separate The series comprises the following: AS 2118 2118.1 2118.2 2118.3 2118.4 2118.5 2118.6 2118.8 2118.9 2118.10 Automatic fire sprinkler systems Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Wall wetting sprinklers (Drenchers) Part 3: Deluge Part 4: Residential Part 5: Domestic Part 6: Combined sprinkler and hydrant Part 8: Minor modifications Part 9: Piping support and installation Part 10: Approval documentation 4118 4118.1.1 4118.1.2 4118.1.3 4118.1.4 4118.1.5 4118.1.6 4118.1.7 4118.1.8 4118.1.9 4118.2.1 Fire sprinkler systems Part 1.1: Components — Sprinklers and sprayers Part 1.2: Components—Alarm valves (wet) Part 1.3: Components—Water motor alarms Part 1.4: Components—Valve monitors Part 1.5: Components—Deluge and pre-action valves Part 1.6: Components—Stop valves and non-return valves Part 1.7: Components—Alarm valves (dry) Part 1.8: Components—Pressure reducing valves Part 1.9: Components—Accelerators and exhausters Part 2.1: Piping—General The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ have been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which they apply A ‘normative’ appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an ‘informative’ appendix is only for information and guidance This Standard incorporates commentary on some of the clauses The commentary directly follows the relevant clause, is designated by ‘C’ preceding the clause number and is printed in italics in a box The commentary is for information only and does not need to be followed for compliance with the Standard AS 2118.1—1999 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD SECTION SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE 1.2 OBJECTIVE 1.3 APPLICATION 1.4 NEW DESIGNS AND INNOVATIONS 1.5 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 1.6 DEFINITIONS Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited SECTION CLASSES OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS AND DESIGN DATA 2.1 CLASSIFICATION OF SYSTEMS 13 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCIES .13 2.3 TYPES OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS 13 2.4 DESIGN DATA 20 SECTION INSTALLATION 3.1 SPRINKLER-PROTECTED BUILDINGS .21 3.2 TRANSMISSION OF ALARM SIGNAL TO FIRE BRIGADE 24 3.3 LOCAL ALARM 24 3.4 SYSTEM COMPONENT FAULT MONITORING 25 SECTION WATER SUPPLIES 4.1 GENERAL 27 4.2 ACCEPTABLE SOURCES OF SUPPLY 27 4.3 WATER SUPPLY GRADES 28 4.4 CONNECTIONS TO OTHER SERVICES .39 4.5 PRESSURE AND FLOW REQUIREMENTS 41 4.6 PRESSURE CONSIDERATIONS 41 4.7 MINIMUM CAPACITY OF STORED WATER SUPPLIES 41 4.8 PUMP SUCTION TANKS 41 4.9 PRIVATE WATER SUPPLIES .48 4.10 TOWN MAINS 48 4.11 PUMP INSTALLATIONS 50 4.12 PUMPSETS 51 4.13 PRESSURE TANKS 56 4.14 PROVING OF WATER SUPPLIES 58 SECTION SPACING AND LOCATION OF SPRINKLERS 5.1 STANDARD SPACING 60 5.2 STAGGERED SPACING 60 5.3 MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN SPRINKLERS 60 5.4 LOCATION OF SPRINKLERS (OTHER THAN SIDEWALL SPRINKLERS) .60 5.5 SPACING AND LOCATION OF SIDEWALL SPRINKLERS 65 5.6 LOCATIONS OR CONDITIONS INVOLVING SPECIAL CONSIDERATION (SUPPLEMENTARY PROTECTION) .66 5.7 OBSTRUCTIONS BELOW SPRINKLERS 73 5.8 FILM AND TELEVISION PRODUCTION STUDIOS 75 AS 2118.1—1999 Page 5.9 5.10 THEATRES AND MUSIC HALLS (PROTECTION ON THE STAGE SIDE OF THE PROSCENIUM WALL) .75 COLD STORAGE WAREHOUSE 75 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited SECTION SPRINKLERS, SPRAYERS AND MULTIPLE CONTROLS 6.1 GENERAL 78 6.2 TYPES OF SPRINKLERS, SPRAYERS AND MULTIPLE CONTROLS 78 6.3 STANDARD SPRINKLER K FACTORS, ORIFICE AND THREAD SIZES 79 6.4 APPLICATION OF SPRINKLER TYPES 79 6.5 TEMPERATURE RATINGS 79 6.6 COLOUR CODING 80 6.7 STOCK OF REPLACEMENT SPRINKLERS 80 6.8 ANTI-CORROSION TREATMENT OF SPRINKLERS 80 6.9 SPRINKLER GUARDS 80 6.10 ESCUTCHEON PLATE ASSEMBLIES 81 6.11 PROTECTION AGAINST FROST 81 SECTION PIPING 7.1 PIPE AND PIPE FITTINGS 82 7.2 HYDRAULIC TEST PRESSURE .82 7.3 PIPING IN NON-SPRINKLER-PROTECTED BUILDINGS 82 7.4 HAZARDOUS PROCESSES AND EXPLOSION HAZARD—SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS CONCERNING PIPING AND VALVES 82 7.5 SLOPE OF PIPES FOR DRAINAGE .82 7.6 LOW LEVEL DRAINAGE .83 7.7 PIPE SIZES .83 7.8 ORIFICE PLATES 83 7.9 SUPPORT OF SPRINKLER PIPING 83 SECTION VALVES AND ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT 8.1 CONTROL ASSEMBLIES .84 8.2 STOP VALVES 84 8.3 BLOCK PLAN 85 8.4 LOCATION PLATE 85 8.5 EMERGENCY INSTRUCTIONS .86 8.6 NON-RETURN (BACK PRESSURE) VALVES 86 8.7 ALARM VALVES 86 8.8 PRESSURE-REDUCING VALVES 87 8.9 DELUGE AND PRE-ACTION VALVES 87 8.10 ALARM DEVICES 88 8.11 REMOTE TEST VALVES 89 8.12 PRESSURE GAUGES 90 SECTION LIGHT HAZARD CLASS SYSTEMS 9.1 SCOPE 92 9.2 DESIGN DATA 92 9.3 WATER SUPPLY .92 9.4 SPRINKLERS 93 9.5 PIPING 94 AS 2118.1—1999 Page SECTION 10 ORDINARY HAZARD CLASS SYSTEMS 10.1 DESIGN DATA 95 10.2 WATER SUPPLIES 95 10.3 SPACING OF STANDARD SPRINKLERS .98 10.4 SYSTEM COMPONENTS 99 10.5 SYSTEM DRAINAGE 104 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited SECTION 11 HIGH HAZARD CLASS SYSTEMS 11.1 DESIGN DATA 105 11.2 WATER SUPPLIES 115 11.3 SPACING OF STANDARD SPRINKLERS 119 11.4 SYSTEM COMPONENTS 120 11.5 SYSTEM DRAINAGE 122 SECTION 12 FULL HYDRAULIC CALCULATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS 12.1 GENERAL 130 12.2 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR DENSITY OF DISCHARGE 130 12.3 ASSUMED AREA OF OPERATION .131 12.4 SPRINKLERS IN OPERATION 131 12.5 POSITION OF ASSUMED AREA OF OPERATION 131 12.6 SHAPE OF ASSUMED AREA OF OPERATION 132 12.7 WATER SUPPLIES 133 12.8 PUMPSETS 133 12.9 CALCULATION OF PRESSURE LOSS IN PIPES 134 12.10 PRESSURE LOSSES 137 12.11 ACCURACY OF CALCULATIONS 137 12.12 MINIMUM SPRINKLER DISCHARGE PRESSURE 138 12.13 MINIMUM PIPE SIZES 138 12.14 VELOCITY LIMITATION .138 12.15 VELOCITY PRESSURE .138 12.16 IDENTIFICATION OF FULLY HYDRAULICALLY CALCULATED SYSTEMS .138 APPENDICES A OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATIONS 146 B REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 154 C ORIFICE PLATES .156 D PIPING INTERPRETATIONS 159 INDEX 162 AS 2118.1—1999 FOREWORD Automatic fire sprinkler systems provide an important level of fire protection to a building structure Additionally, automatic fire sprinklers provide an important level of protection for the occupants of a building together with protection to the environment by minimizing the effects that a major structural fire could have Sprinklers also safeguard against loss of plant, machinery, equipment and building contents generally as well as protecting a business by providing against loss of continuity of business operations Sprinklers also conserve water during fire-fighting operations Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited In modern buildings and indeed with older buildings that are being upgraded to meet the latest requirements in fire safety, there is need to consider other systems that impact on the function and operation of a sprinkler system Other systems that can either interface with the sprinkler system, or be integrated in it, are automatic heat and smoke detectors, emergency warning and intercommunication systems and smoke control and air-handling systems Hence, when designing sprinkler systems, it will be necessary to consider the interaction of sprinkler systems with other building fire safety systems in order to maximize protection and provide an optimal approach for the overall objectives of fire safety AS 2118.1—1999 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Australian Standard Automatic fire sprinkler systems Part 1: General requirements S E CT I ON S COP E AND GE NE RAL 1.1 SCOPE This Standard specifies requirements for the design and installation of automatic fire sprinkler systems in buildings It also provides for occupancy classification NOTE: See Appendix A for details of occupancy classification Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited 1.2 OBJECTIVE The objective of this Standard is to provide designers and installers with minimum requirements for the design and installation of automatic fire sprinkler systems 1.3 APPLICATION This Standard is referenced in the Building Code of Australia (BCA) by way of BCA Amendment No published on January 2000, and supersedes the previous edition of AS 2118.1— 1995, which will be withdrawn 12 months from the date of publication of this edition 1.4 NEW DESIGNS AND INNOVATIONS Any alternative materials, designs, methods of assembly, procedures, and similar, that not comply with the specific requirements of this Standard, or are not mentioned in it, but that give equivalent results to those specified, are not necessarily prohibited 1.5 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The documents referred to in this Standard are listed in Appendix B 1.6 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard the definitions given in AS 2484.1, AS 2484.2, AS/NZ 3500.0 and those below apply 1.6.1 Alarm signalling equipment (ASE) Equipment complying with AS 4428.6 1.6.2 Alarm valve A non-return valve which allows the water to enter the installation and operate the alarms when the installation pressure falls below the water supply pressure 1.6.3 Assumed area of operation An area containing the maximum number of sprinklers considered likely to operate when involved in a fire The assumed area of operation is different in each hazard class www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia 153 AS 2118.1—1999 (i) Paint (solvent-based, in metal containers) (j) Plastics (non-foamed) with or without cartons (k) Plastics (foamed) in cartons (l) Rolled pulp and paper (vertical storage and lightweight paper horizontal storage) (m) Rolled asphalt paper (vertical storage) (n) Rubber goods (excluding tyre storage) (o) Ventilated wood stacks (p) Waxed paper or asphalt-coated paper and containers in cartons (q) Woodwool (r) Wooden pallets and wood flats (idle) A4.2.5 High Hazard— High-piled Storage Risks—Category Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited The following are classified as High Hazard—High-piled Storage Risks—Category 4: (a) Foamed plastics without cartons and non-woven synthetic fibre products with or without cartons (b) Off-cuts and random pieces of foamed plastic or foamed rubber (c) Plastic pallets (idle) (d) Rolled lightweight paper (vertical storage) (e) Rolled non-woven synthetic fabric (f) Rolled sheet-foamed plastics or foamed rubber (g) Tyre storage A4.3 Storage risks requiring special consideration Storage risks requiring special consideration would include aerosols with flammable contents storage, flammable and combustible liquids in plastic containers, vertically stored tissue paper, and the like NOTES: Classification and form of protection may be subject to approval by the relevant authority Guidance as to the classification and form of protection for this type of risk may be obtained from Factory Mutual Engineering Corp Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets, NFPA Standards or other appropriate international guidelines www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia AS 2118.1—1999 154 APPENDIX B REFERENCED DOCUMENTS (Normative) Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 1074 Steel tubes and tubulars for ordinary service 1349 Bourdon tube pressure and vacuum gauges 1432 Copper tubes for plumbing, gasfitting and drainage applications 1657 Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders — Design, construction and installation 1670 1670.1 1670.3 1670.6 Fire detection, warning, control and intercom systems— System design, installation and commissioning Part 1: Fire Part 3: Monitoring network performance Part 6: Smoke alarms 1735 1735.1 1735.2 1735.3 1735.4 1735.5 1735.6(Int) 1735.7 1735.8 1735.10(Int) 1735.11 Lifts, escalators and moving walks (known as the SAA Lift Code) General requirements Part 2: Passenger and goods lifts— Electric Part 3: Passenger and goods lifts— Electrohydraulic Part 4: Service lifts— Power-operated Part 5: Escalators Part 6: Moving walks Part 7: Stairway lifts Part 8: Inclined lifts Part 10: Tests Part 11: Fire-rated landing doors 1851 1851.3 Maintenance of fire protection equipment Part 3: Automatic fire sprinkler systems 2118 2118.2 2118.3 2118.6 2118.9 2118.10 Automatic fire sprinkler systems Part 2: Wall wetting sprinklers (Drenchers) Part 3: Deluge Part 6: Combined sprinkler and hydrant Part 9: Piping support and installation Part 10: Approval documentation 2201 2201.2 Intruder alarm systems Part 2: Central stations 2419 Fire hydrant installations (All parts) 2484 2484.1 2484.2 Fire— Glossary of terms Part 1: Fire tests Part 2: Fire protection and firefighting equipment 2941 Fixed fire protection installations— Pumpset systems 3786 Smoke alarms 4118 4118.1.1 4118.1.2 4118.1.3 Fire sprinkler systems Part 1.1: Components — Sprinklers and sprayers Part 1.2: Components — Alarm valves (wet) Part 1.3: Components — Water motor alarms © Standards Australia www.standards.com.au AS 2118.1—1999 155 AS 4118.1.4 4118.1.5 4118.1.6 4118.1.7 4118.1.8 4118.2.1 4428 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited A1 Part 1.4: Part 1.5: Part 1.6: Part 1.7: Part 1.8: Part 2.1: Components — Valve monitors Components — Deluge and pre-action valves Components — Stop valves and non-return valves Components — Alarm valves (dry) Components — Pressure reducing valves Piping — General 4428.1 4428.6 Fire detection, warning, control and intercom systems—Control and indicating equipment Part 1: Fire Part 6: Alarm signalling equipment 4254 Ductwork for air-handling systems in buildings AS/NZS 1668 The use of ventilation and airconditioning in buildings 1668.1 Part 1: 1905 1905.1 1905.2 Components for the protection of openings in fire-resistant walls Part 1: Fire-resistant doorsets Part 2: Fire-resistant roller shutters 3000 Electrical installations— Buildings, structures and premises (known as the SAA Wiring Rules) Electrical installations— Classification of the fire and mechanical performance of wiring systems 3013 Fire and smoke control in multi-compartment building 3500 3500.0 National Plumbing and Drainage Code Part 0: Glossary of terms BS 1042 1042.1 Methods for the measurement of fluid flow in pipes Part 1: Orifice plates, nozzles and venturi tubes Building Code of Australia Factory Mutual Loss Prevention Data A1 NFPA 13 — 1999 www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia AS 2118.1—1999 156 APPENDIX C ORIFICE PLATES (Normative) C1 SCOPE This Appendix sets out a formula to calculate the hydraulic balance of orifice plates Tables D1 and D2 have been produced to assist in calculating the appropriate diameter of the orifice to achieve the desired hydraulic balance required in Clauses 7.8 and 11.4.2.5 The Tables indicate the correct orifice diameter in respect of pipe sizes from 50 mm to 200 mm for discrete values of pressure loss (Po) in kilopascals for an assumed rate of flow (Q o) in Litres per minute Table C1 for the smaller diameter pipes is based on a flow of 500 L/min and Table C2 for the larger diameter pipes is based on a flow of 5000 L/min Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited The K factor referred to in the last column of Tables C1 and C2 is the constant in the following equation: K= Q C1 P where P= is the pressure loss in kilopascals due to the orifice with a rate of flow of water Q L/min The pressure loss produced by the orifice plate is the net pressure across the orifice and not the pressure difference measured at ‘flange’, ‘corner’ or ‘D and D/2’ tapping points C2 REQUIREMENTS Orifice plates shall be of brass with plain central holes without burrs and of thickness specified in Table C3 They shall be located not less than two pipe diameters from any elbow or bend, measured in the direction of flow They shall have a projecting identification tag which shall be readily visible, and on which shall be stamped the nominal pipe diameter and K factor of the orifice C3 NOTES ON THE USE OF TABLES C1 AND C2 To select an orifice plate which will produce a pressure loss of Px kPa with a rate of flow of Qx L/min, calculate the value of Po from the following formulae and refer to the appropriate table for the correct orifice diameter (interpolate as necessary): (a) Pipe sizes 50 and 65 —  500   Po = P x    Qx  (b) C3(1) Pipe sizes 80, 100, 150 and 200 ?  5000   Po = P x    Qx  © Standards Australia C3(2) www.standards.com.au AS 2118.1—1999 157 TABLE C1 ORIFICE PLATES FOR PIPES OF SIZE 50 AND 65 FOR A FLOW RATE OF 500 L/min Orifice diameter, mm Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Pressure loss (P0) www.standards.com.au Nominal internal pipe size, mm kPa 50 65 K factor 250 225 200 25.9 26.5 27.1 — — — 31.6 33.3 35.4 175 150 125 27.9 28.8 29.6 — — — 37.8 40.8 44.7 100 90 80 30.9 31.1 32.2 — — 34.5 50.0 52.7 55.9 70 60 50 32.8 33.7 34.7 35.3 36.3 37.6 59.8 64.5 70.7 40 30 20 5.9 37.5 39.7 39.3 41.2 44.2 79.1 91.3 111.8 10 42.7 — 49.1 53.6 158.1 223.6 © Standards Australia AS 2118.1—1999 158 TABLE C2 ORIFICE PLATES FOR PIPES OF SIZE 80, 100, 150 AND 200 FOR A FLOW RATE OF 000 L/min Orifice diameter, mm Pressure loss (P0) Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited kPa Nominal internal pipe size, mm K factor 80 100 150 200 500 000 500 41.9 43.0 44.8 — — — — — — — — — 84.5 91.3 100.0 000 500 000 46.4 48.9 52.3 — — 55.6 — — — — — — 111.18 129.1 158.1 900 800 700 53.2 54.1 55.3 57.6 59.0 60.4 — — — — — — 166.7 176.8 189.0 600 500 400 56.6 58.2 59.3 62.0 63.9 66.5 — — — — — — 204.1 223.6 250.0 300 200 100 62.0 65.0 — 69.7 74.2 81.1 — 82.3 95.8 — — — 288.7 353.6 500.0 90 80 70 — — — 82.2 83.3 84.4 97.1 99.3 101.7 105.7 108.1 111.1 527.0 559.0 597.6 60 50 40 — — — 85.7 87.0 — 104.0 106.8 110.1 113.9 117.7 122.2 645.5 707.1 790.6 30 20 10 — — — — — — 115.1 120.6 — 129.1 137.7 152.6 912.9 118.0 581.0 — — — 165.8 236.0 TABLE C3 ORIFICE PLATE THICKNESS © Standards Australia Nominal internal pipe size Orifice plate thickness mm mm 50 65 80 3 100 150 200 6 www.standards.com.au 159 AS 2118.1—1999 APPENDIX D PIPING INTERPRETATIONS (Informative) Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited The figures in this Appendix are included to clarify the terminology applied to piping FIGURE D1 ORDINARY AND HIGH HAZARD— ARMPIECES AND RISERS (OR DROPS) www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited AS 2118.1—1999 160 FIGURE D2 ORDINARY AND HIGH HAZARD— ARMPIECES AND RISERS (OR DROPS) © Standards Australia www.standards.com.au Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited 161 AS 2118.1—1999 FIGURE D3 ORDINARY AND HIGH HAZARD — ARMPIECES AND RISERS (OR DROPS) www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia AS 2118.1—1999 162 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited INDEX Accelerators 8.7.5 Acceptable sources of water supply 4.2 Air-handling plants .5.6.18 Air pressure tanks (see Pressure tanks) Air valve (see Dry valve) Alarm devices 8.10 fire alarm signal .8.10.4 electrically operated 8.10.3.1 Note, 8.10.4 Note local 3.3, 8.10.3 pressure switches .8.10.5 transmission of signal to fire brigade 3.2 water motor 8.10.3, 8.10.4 Alarm signal transmission Cable ratings 3.2, 3.2(e) Grouping of installation 3.2(a) Monitoring network 3.2(f) Alarm valves 8.7 identification 8.7.4 Alternate wet and dry pipe systems 2.3.2.2 maximum floor area 2.3.2.2 Anti-corrosion treatment of sprinklers 6.8 Anti-freezing device with pendent sprinklers 2.3.2.2 Area to be protected 3.1.1 Assumed area of operation 12.3 sprinklers in operation 12.4 favourable area location 12.5.2 favourable area shape 12.6.2.1, 12.6.2.2 unfavourable area location 12.5.1 unfavourable area shape 12.6.1 Automatic pumps (see Pumps, automatic) Back-pressure valves 8.6 Baffle plates (water shields) 5.6.5, 11.1.3.4 Baffles between sprinklers .5.3 Balconies 3.1.3(I), 5.6.13 Beams, joists, location of sprinklers 5.4.4 Bins and silos 3.1.3(d), 5.6.8 Block plan 8.3 Bonded stores (spirituous liquors) 11.1.3.6 Building services shafts 5.6.5 Calculation of static pressure loss .4.5 Canopies 5.6.10 Ceilings 5.4.3 suspended 5.7.4 suspended open grid 5.7.5 Ceiling (flush) sprinklers 1.6.23(c), 6.2.1(c) Ceilings and roofs, location of sprinklers 5.4.3 Check valves 8.6 Chutes 5.6.5(c) Classification occupancies 2.2, Appendix A sprinkler-protected area 3.1.1.3 sprinkler-protected buildings 3.1.1.2 sprinkler systems 2.1 Clear space below sprinklers 5.4.8 Cold storage warehouse air or gas supply 5.10.2(c) general conditions .5.10 piping .5.10.2 subsidiary stop valve 5.10.2(a) Columns, location of sprinklers 5.4.5 Commercial type cooking equipment 5.6.17 Composite wet and dry alarm valve .8.7.3 Computer rooms 5.6.19 raised floor spaces 5.6.19.2 Concealed spaces ceiling materials 5.6.1(g), 5.7.4, 5.7.5 floor spaces 5.6.2, 5.6.19.2 hydraulic design .5.6.3 machinery pits 5.6.4 © Standards Australia roof spaces 5.6.1 spacing and piping 5.6.1, 5.6.3 under ground floors 5.6.2 Control of water supplies 4.1 Control assemblies 8.1 Controls, multiple 6.2.4 Corn, rice, provender and oil mills .5.6.7 dust trunks 5.6.7 bins and silos .5.6.8 Corrosion protection of sprinklers 6.8 Definitions 1.6 Deluge valves 8.9.1 Density of discharge (see Design data) Design data .2.4 density of discharge 12.2 Light hazard 9.2 Ordinary hazard 10.1 High Hazard 11.1 bonded stores 11.1.3.6 high-piled storage 11.1.3 intermediate protection 11.1.3.4 process risks 11.1.2 Direct brigade alarms 8.10.4 Distribution, obstruction to 5.7 Docks and platforms .5.6.12 Drainage of piping 7.5, 7.6 Drying ovens and enclosures 5.6.14 Dry sprinklers .1.6.23(g) and (h), 6.2.1(e) Dry alarm valves .8.7.2 accelerators/exhausters for 8.7.5 Dry and alternate wet and dry systems, high piled storage 11.1.3.2 Dry system, maximum area 2.3.2.3 Ducts and bulkheads 5.4.4, 5.7.3 Duplicated water supplies .4.3.4 Dust receivers 5.6.6 Dust trunks 5.6.7 Eaves (see Roof overhang) 5.6.11 Electrical alarm pressure switches .8.10.5 Electric switchgear, protection 3.1.3(c) Electronic equipment areas 5.6.19 raised floor spaces 5.6.19.2 Elevated reservoir 4.9.2 Elevators 5.6.6 Escalators 5.6.9 Escutcheon plates 6.10 Exhausters .8.7.5 Explosion hazard, precautions against damage 7.4 Exposed structural steelwork .11.4.1.1 Exposure protection extent .3.1.2.1 hydraulic calculation 3.1.2.7 performance 3.1.2.7 piping 3.1.2.5 sprinklers .3.1.2.2 sprinkler spacing and location 3.1.2.4 sprinkler shielding 3.1.2.3 water supply 3.1.2.8 Exterior docks and platforms 5.6.12 False alarms, prevention .8.10.2 Fault monitoring (see Monitoring, component fault) Film and television production studios .5.8 Fire brigade booster connection .4.4.3 Fire brigade, transmission of alarm signals 3.2, 8.10.4 Fixtures, storage 5.7.7, 5.7.8 Flammable liquid hazard 5.6.16 Floor area, maximum installation 2.3.2.1, 2.3.2.2 Floor, spaces 5.6.2 www.standards.com.au 163 Flow loss tables Tables 10.4.2.3(A) and (B), 11.4.2.3, 12.9.1.1, 12.9.1.2, 12.9.2, 12.10.1 Flow rates for fully calculated systems 4.10.2.1 maximum for pumps 12.8.2 high hazard 9.3 light hazard 9.3 ordinary hazard 4.10.2.3, 10.2 Flush sprinklers 1.6.23(c), 6.2.1(c) Frost, protection against 6.11 Fryers, deep fat .5.6.17 Fully hydraulically calculated systems light hazard 9.2, 9.5.3 ordinary hazard 10.4.2.1, 10.4.2.4 high hazard 11.4.2.1, 11.4.2.4, 11.4.2.6 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Galleries, protection under .5.7.2 Gauges, pressure 8.12 Gearing boxes 5.6.6 Girders, location of sprinklers 5.4.6 Grading of water supplies .4.3.1 Grain silos and bins 5.6.8 Gravity tanks 4.9.3 Gridded system 12.5.1(c), 12.6.2.2 Ground floors, concealed spaces under 5.6.2 Guards for sprinklers 5.6.5 6.9 Hazardous processes, precautions against damage 7.4 Heating panels, protection under 5.7.2 High hazard occupancies examples, classifications 2.2.4, A3 High hazard class systems design data 11.1 high piled storage 11.1.3 minimum capacity, water supply 4.7 pipe sizes .11.4.2.1 pressure and flow requirements .11.2.1 process risks 11.1.2 spacing and area of coverage 11.3 supplementary protection, storage racks 11.1.3.4 High piled storage risks examples, storage categories 2.2.4.2, A3.2 intermediate sprinklers in racks 11.1.3.4 sprinklers (size, type and temperature) 11.4.1 sprinkler spacing .11.3 storage 6.5(b), 11.4.1.3 High velocity sprayers 6.2.3(b) Hoists 5.6.5 Hoods over papermaking machines 5.7.5 over commercial cooking equipment .5.6.17 Hovels, kilns and ovens 3.1.3(e) Hydraulically calculated High Hazard systems .11.4.2.4 Hydraulic calculations, distribution piping ordinary hazard .10.4.2.3 high hazard 11.4.2.3 Hydraulic test pressure 7.2 Identification, alarm valves and gongs 8.7.4 Installation control assemblies 8.1 Intermediate sprinklers in racks 11.1.3.4 Joists and beams, location of sprinklers .5.4.4 Kilns, ovens and hovels 3.1.3(e) Lift shafts 5.6.5 Light fittings 5.4.4 Light hazard occupancies examples, classification of occupancy .2.2.2, A1 Light hazard class systems .Section concealed spaces 9.5.4 design data 9.2 pipe sizes 9.5.2 pressure and flow requirements 9.2, 9.3.1 pump sets 9.3.6 www.standards com.au AS 2118.1—1999 spacing and area of coverage 9.4 sprinklers 9.4, 9.4.5 water supply 9.3 Location, main stop valve 8.1 Note Location of sprinklers (see Sprinkler location) Location plate, main stop valve .8.4 Local alarm 3.3 Local water motor alarms 3.3, 8.10.3 Looped systems 12.5.1(b), 12.5.2(b) Low level drainage 7.5, 7.6 Machinery pits, protection 5.6.4 Main stop valve .8.2.2 Maximum installation floor area 2.3.2.3 Medium velocity sprayers 1.6.18, 6.2.3 Metal melt pans 3.1.3(g) Method of calculating static pressure loss 4.5 Minimum capacity, water supplies 4.7 high hazard .11.2.2 light hazard 9.3.2 ordinary hazard 10.2.2 Monitoring, component fault .4.7 components to be monitored 3.4.4 systems to be monitored 3.4.3 installation requirements 3.4.5 monitoring devices 3.4.2 Multiple controls 6.2.4 Music halls and theatres 5.9 Non-return valves 8.6 Non-sprinklered areas .3.1.3 Obstructions below sprinklers 5.7 Occupancy, classification 2.2, Appendix A Oil and flammable liquid .5.6.16 Oil mill dust trunks 5.6.7 Ordinary hazard occupancies examples, occupancy classifications A2 Ordinary hazard class systems design data 10.1 hydraulic calculations 10.4.2.3, 10.4.2.4, 10.4.2.5 minimum capacity water supply 10.2.2 pipe sizes 10.4.2 pressure and flow requirements .10.2.1 spacing and area of coverage 10.3 sprinklers 10.4.1 Orifice plates 7.8, Appendix C Orifice sizes, sprinklers .6.3 Ovens, hovels and kilns 3.1.3(e) Overhead platforms and walkways .5.8.1 Paint lines 5.6.14, 5.6.15 Papermaking machines wet ends 3.1.3(f) protection under hoods 5.7.6 Performance requirements, pumps .4.11.4 Permitted exceptions to sprinkler protection 3.1.3 Pipe sizes 7.7, 9.5.2, 10.4.2, 11.4.2 Pipe and pipe fitting 7.1 Piping drainage, slope .7.5, 7.6 equivalent length, fittings 12.10.1 friction loss .12.10 protection from explosion 7.4 sizes 7.7, 9.5.2, 10.4.2, 11.4.2 support 7.9 test pressure 7.2 unsprinklered areas .7.3 Potteries, ovens, hovels and kilns 3.1.3(e) Pre-action systems 1.6.22(d), 2.3.2, 2.3.2.5 valves 8.9.2 Pressure and flow requirements .4.5 high hazard .11.2.1 light hazard 9.3.1 ordinary hazard 10.2.1 Pressure gauges 8.12 Pressure considerations 4.6 © Standards Australia Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited AS 2118.1—1999 Pressure loss in pipes and fittings 12.10, Tables 10.4.2.3(A), 10.4.2.3.(B), 11.4.2.3, 12.9 Pressure-reducing valves 8.8 Pressure tanks 4.13 air pressure 4.13.2(g) air pressure maintenance 4.13.2(b) air water ratio 4.13.2(g) location and housing 4.13.2(a) minimum water quantity 4.13.2(f), 9.3.5 pressure gauges 4.13.2(d) safety valves 4.13.2(e) Prevention of false alarms, fluctuating supply pressure .8.10.2 Production lines, underside protection 5.6.4 Provender mill dust trunks 5.6.7 Proving test, water supply .4.14 Proximity, non-sprinklered buildings 3.1.2 Pumps, automatic 4.11, 4.12, 3.6, 10.2.3, 11.2.3 controller actuation 4.12(c) information plate .4.12 maximum flow rates 4.10.2.1, 4.10.2.2, 4.10.2.3, 12.8.2 performance .4.11.4 suction conditions 4.11.2 suction pipes 4.11.3 suction tanks 4.8 supply from town main 4.10.2 Pump suction tanks 4.8 effective capacity .4.8.2 minimum capacity 4.8.1, 9.3.2, 10.2.2.3, 11.2.2 vortex inhibitor 4.8.3 Recycling pre-action system 1.6.22(e), 2.3.2, 2.3.2.6 Relevant authority .1.6.15 Remote test valve 8.11 Replacement sprinklers, stock 6.7 Reservoirs, elevated 4.9.2 Retarding devices, alarm 8.10.2 Ring mains 4.1 Note 3, Table 11.4.2.3 Note Roof overhangs .5.6.11 Roof spaces .5.6.1 Roofs and ceilings, distance of sprinklers below 5.4.3 Roof trusses, location of sprinklers 5.4.7 Rope or strap races 5.6.6 Salt baths 3.1.3(g) Salt or brackish water 4.1 Note Scope of Standard 1.1 Service shafts 5.6.5 Sidewall sprinklers 1.6.23(f), 6.2.1(f) spacing 5.5, 9.4.4, 10.3.2 Silos and bins 3.1.3(d), 5.6.8 Sloping ceilings or roofs .5.4.3 Spacing of sprinklers 5.1, 9.4.4, 10.3, 11.3 maximum coverage 9.4.2, 9.4.3, 10.3.1, 11.3.1 high hazard 11.3 light hazard 9.4.4 ordinary hazard 10.3 staggered spacing 5.2 minimum distances .5.3 Spray booths 5.6.15 Sprayers, medium and high velocity 6.2.3 Spray sprinklers 1.6.23(b), 6.2.1(b) Sprinkler guards .6.9 Sprinkler piping, support 7.9 Sprinkler systems (Classification) (see Classification) Sprinkler systems (Types) standard system 2.3.2 alternate wet and dry 2.3.2.3 dry 2.3.2.4 pre-action 2.3.2.5 recycling pre-action 2.3.2.6 tail end .1.6.22(g), 2.3.2.7, 2.3.2.8, 5.10.2(a) tail end anti-freeze 2.3.2.9 wet 2.3.2.2 special system 2.3.3 ESFR .2.3.3.3 © Standards Australia 164 incorporating residential sprinklers 2.3.4.2 Sprinklered buildings .3.1 Sprinklered buildings, permitted exceptions 3.1.3 Sprinkler guards .6.9 Sprinklers 6.1, 6.3, 6.4 anti-corrosion treatment 6.8 ceiling (flush) 1.6.23(c), 6.2.1(c) colour coding 6.6 conventional 1.6.23(a), 6.2.1(a) clear space below .5.4.8 dry pendent 1.6.23(g), 6.2.1(g) dry upright 1.6 23(h), 6.2.1(h) orifice sizes 6.3 sidewall 1.6.23(f), 6.2.1(f) spacing 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 spray 1.6.23(b), 6.2.1(b) special 1.6.16, 6.2.2, 6.7.1, 9.4.5, 10.4.1.2, 11.4.1.3 standard 1.6.23, 6.2.1 stock of replacements 6.7 temperature ratings .6.5 thread sizes 6.3 Sprinkler location .5.4 ceilings and roofs .5.4.3 clear space below .5.4.8 columns 5.4.5 external walls .5.4.2 girders 5.4.6 light fittings bulkheads ducts 5.4.4 roof trusses .5.4.8 walls and partitions 5.4.2 Sprinkler, sidewall, spacing and location 5.5 Staggered spacing 5.2 Staging, protection under 5.7.2 Standard spacing 5.1 Static pressure loss, calculation .4.5 Stock, replacement sprinklers 6.7 Stop valves 8.2 Storage racks 11.1.3.3, 11.1.3.4 Storage fixtures, solid and slatted shelves .5.7.8 Storage fixtures .5.7.7 Stoves, drying .5.6.14 Subsidiary stop valves 8.2.4 Suction pipes .4.11.3 Suction tanks (see Pump suction tanks) Supply from town main 4.10 Supply from town main, pump .4.10.2 Support of sprinkler piping 7.9, AS 2118.9 Suspended ceilings 5.7.4 Systems components 6.1.7.1, 8.1, 9.4, 10.4, 11.4 System drainage 7.5, 7.6, 9.5.5, 10.5, 11.5 System component monitoring 3.4 Tables, work 5.7.8 Note Tail-end anti-freezing solution systems 2.3.2.9 Tank, gravity (see Gravity tank) Tank, pressure (see Pressure tank) Television and film production studios .5.8 Temperature colour code, sprinklers 6.6 Temperature ratings, sprinklers 6.5 Terminal main system 12.5.1(a) Terminal range systems 12.5.1(c) Test pressure 7.2 Testing, water supplies 4.14 Theatres and music halls 5.9 Town mains 4.10 Transmission of alarm signals to fire brigade 3.2, 8.1(d), 8.10.4 alarm monitoring network 3.2(f) grouping of control assemblies 3.2(a) wiring 3.2(e) Unsprinklered areas 3.1.3 Valves .Section alarm, dry 8.7.2 alarm, wet 8.7.1 back pressure 8.6 www.standards.com.au 165 composite alarm 8.7.3 control assemblies .8.1 deluge 8.9.1 identification 8.2.1, 8.7.4 main stop 8.2.2 non-return 8.6 pre-action 8.9.2 pressure-reducing 8.8 remote test 8.11 stop 8.2 stop, controlling water supply 8.2.3 subsidiary stop 8.2.4 test (alarms) .8.10.6 Vortex inhibitors 4.8.3 additives .4.1.1 combined sprinklers and hydrants .4.4.1 connections, other services 4.4 control of .4.1 elevated reservoir .4.9.2 fire brigade booster connection 4.4.3 grades 4.3 gravity tank 4.9.3 inexhaustible source 4.8.4 minimum storage capacities 4.7 pressure and flow requirements 4.5, 4.6 pressure tanks 4.4.2.4, 4.8.2, 4.13 private reservoirs .4.9.2 proving pressure and flow 4.14 pump, automatic .4.4.1(e), 4.10.2, 4.11 pump suction tanks .4.8 ring mains 4.1 Note 3, 4.4.1(b) town mains 4.10 water quality 4.1 Wet alarm valves 8.7.1 Wet systems 1.6.22(a) maximum area 2.3.2.2 Worktables, protection under 5.7.7 Note Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Walkways, protection under 5.7.2, 5.8.1 Walls and partitions, location of sprinklers 5.4.2, 9.4.3, 9.4.4, 10.3.3, 11.3.3 Water motor alarms .8.10.3 Water shields (baffle plates) 5.6.5, 11.1.3.4 Water spray nozzles 6.2.3 Water supplies general 4.1 acceptable sources 4.2 AS 2118.1—1999 www.standards com.au © Standards Australia Standards Australia Standards Australia is an independent company, limited by guarantee, which prepares and publishes most of the voluntary technical and commercial standards used in Australia These standards are developed through an open process of consultation and consensus, in which all interested parties are invited to participate Through a Memorandum of Understanding with the Commonwealth Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited government, Standards Australia is recognized as Australia’s peak national standards body Australian Standards Australian Standards are prepared by committees of experts from industry, governments, consumers and other relevant sectors The requirements or recommendations contained in published Standards are a consensus of the views of representative interests and also take account of comments received from other sources They reflect the latest scientific and industry experience Australian Standards are kept under continuous review after publication and are updated regularly to take account of changing technology International Involvement Standards Australia is responsible for ensuring that the Australian viewpoint is considered in the formulation of international Standards and that the latest international experience is incorporated in national Standards This role is vital in assisting local industry to compete in international markets Standards Australia represents Australia at both ISO (The International Organization for Standardization) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Electronic Standards All Australian Standards are available in electronic editions, either downloaded individually from our Web site, or via on-line and CD ROM subscription services For more information phone 1300 65 46 46 or visit us at www.standards.com.au Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 25 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited PO Box 1055 Strathfield NSW 2135 Administration Phone (02) 9746 4700 Fax (02) 9746 8450 Email mail@standards.com.au Customer Service Phone 1300 65 46 46 Fax 1300 65 49 49 Email sales@standards.com.au Internet www.standards.com.au ISBN 7337 3021 Printed in Australia ... prohibited Automatic fire sprinkler systems Part 1: General requirements Originated as AS CA16—1939 Previous edition AS 2118—1982 Revised and redesignated in part as AS 2118.1—1999 Reissued incorporating... 2.3.2.6 Recycling pre-action systems Re- closing the flow control valve shall be delayed for a period of min, by means of an automatic timer, as a safety measure Should the fire rekindle and re- actuate... network prohibited Automatic fire sprinkler systems Part 1: General requirements This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee FP/4, Automatic Sprinkler Installations It was approved on behalf