International business 7e czinkota moffett ch12

Chapter 12 Strategic Planning Learning Objectives Outline the process of strategic planning in the context of the global marketplace Examine both the external and internal factors that determine the conditions for development of strategy and resource allocation Illustrate how best to utilize the environmental conditions within the competitive challenges and resources of the firm to develop effective programs Suggest how to achieve a balance between local and regional/global priorities and concerns in the implementation of strategy Strategic Planning Globalization The Strategic Planning Process Globalization Globalization reflects a business orientation based on the belief that the world is becoming more homogeneous and that distinctions between national markets are not only fading but, for some products, will eventually disappear Globalization Drivers Both internal and external factors will create favorable conditions for development of strategy and resource allocation on a global basis These factors can be divided into: Market Factors Cost Factors Environmental Factors Competitive Factors Market Factors The world customer gains new meaning Developed infrastructures lead to attractive markets for other products Similarities in demand conditions facilitates product design Channels of distribution are becoming more global Technology changes the landscape of markets Cost Factors Two powerful cost-related globalization drivers Cost inefficiencies Duplication of effort Environmental Factors Removal of physical, fiscal, and technical barriers to further facilitate globalization of markets Rapid technological evolution contributes to globalization efforts Smaller bureaucracies of mininationals facilitates new product development and allows for opportunities to seize new markets Competitive Factors Companies may have to be the first to something new, or to preempt competitors’ moves Market presence may be necessary The Strategic Planning Process Formal strategic planning contributes to: Financial Performance Non-financial Objectives 10 The Strategic Planning Process Involves: Adjusting the core strategy Formulating global marketing strategy Developing global programs Implementing global programs 11 Core Strategy Assessing and Adjusting: Forces determining business Companies must success are common to assess their own different countries readiness for necessary Necessary Participants: moves Executives from marketing, production, finance, logistics and procurement 12 Formulating Global Strategy The choices: Cost Cost Leadership Leadership Differentiation Differentiation Focus Focus 13 Country-Market Choice Three factors should determine country selection: The stand-alone attractiveness of a market Global strategic importance Possible synergies 14 Segmentation The recognition that groups within markets differ sufficiently to warrant individual approaches Allows global companies to take advantage of the benefits of standardization Involves looking at markets on a global or regional basis 15 Developing Global Programs Decisions involved in developing a global program The degree of standardization in the product offering The marketing program beyond the product variable Location and extent of value-adding activities Competitive moves to be made 16 Product Offering Product standardization may result in significant cost savings 17 Marketing Approach Uniformity is sought especially in elements that are strategic in nature, whereas care is taken to localize necessary tactical elements Glocalization 18 Location of Value-Added Activities Cost Reduction: Pool PoolProduction Production Exploit ExploitFactor FactorCosts Costs Concentrate ConcentrateActivities Activities 19 Competitive Moves Global companies may have to respond to competitive moves a variety of markets Cross-subsidization may offer competitive advantage 20 Implementing Global Programs Successful companies strive to balance local and global concerns Too much local production may reduce import positioning Too little planning involvement by the country organization may lead to NIH 21 Avoiding The Not-Invented-Here Syndrome Ensure that local managers participate in the development of strategies and programs Encourage local managers to generate ideas Maintain local and global product portfolios Allow local managers to control budget 22 Localizing Global Moves The role of headquarters staff should be one of coordination, and leveraging the resources of the corporation Globalization calls for the centralization of decision-making authority beyond that of the multidomestic approach Executing global account management programs builds relationships with customers and allows for development of internal systems and interaction Decision-making in global companies supports the goal of treating the world as a single market 23 ... Strategic Planning Globalization The Strategic Planning Process Globalization Globalization reflects a business orientation based on the belief that the world is becoming more homogeneous and that distinctions... programs Implementing global programs 11 Core Strategy Assessing and Adjusting: Forces determining business Companies must success are common to assess their own different countries readiness for