8 earthing specification for indoor macro station(01 august 2006)

Security Level: 01.August.2006 Earthing Specification for Indoor Macro Base Station Course No : EQA ES-004 Composer : Engineering Quality Dept www.huawei.com HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Table of Contents General Rules General Earthing Principles Earthing Base station equipment Earthing GSM Base Station Equipment Earthing CDMA200/WCDMA base Station Equipment Lightning Protection and Earthing of Antenna Feeder Lightning Protection and Earthing of GPS Antenna Feeder Earthing AC Power Base Station Cable Distribution and Protection 10 Earthing Resistance HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page General Rules This Specification is intended to regulate the engineering installation of lightning protection and Earthing for indoor macro base station products GSM, CDMA2000 and WCDMA macro base stations all should follow this Specification Special requirements of customers, if any, should be handled according to the principles for handling problems of quality standard classification HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page General Earthing Principles The battery return earthing and the protection earthing should be connected together at such places as the main earthing terminal One group of earth electrodes should be shared for earthing of a building and the Earth-termination system of external lightning protection system for the communication equipment inside the Telecommunication Site Earth wires should not be intertwisted with signal cables Earth wires should be made from copper core conducting wire instead of any aluminum Protection earth wires should be yellow/green interwoven, insulated by plastic with copper core inside Protection earth wires should not be equipped with any fuse or switch Earthing terminals should be anti-corrosive, antirust as well as firmly connected The distance between the equipment of the radio base station and the user’s earthing bar should not be longer than 30m and should be as short as possible When it is longer than 30m, the user should set a new earthing bar nearby HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page Earthing Base Station Equipment ● Protection earthing should be required for the equipment of radio base stations The protection ground (PGND) of the base station should be connected to the protection earthing bar within the equipment room as closely as possible And the protection earth wire should be a yellow/green, insulated by plastic with copper core inside and its cross-sectional area should be no less than 16 mm2 To ensure the equipotential connection between the main and extension cabinets, the PGND of them should be interconnected through a yellow/green copper-core plastic-insulated wire with an sectional area of no less than 6mm Or the metal shell of the two cabinets can be directly short circuited through short circuiting metal plate The PGND of the main and extension cabinets should respectively to the protection earthing bar of the equipment room through a earth wire When equipotential connection is adopted, the earth wire should be no longer than 2m ● Connecting DC power cable: Both the -48V DC power cable (or +24V power cable) and the power return cable (GND or RTN) should be connected to the corresponding output terminals of AC/DC power equipment from the power connecting terminals of the cabinet, or connected to the corresponding output terminals of DC distribution equipment (such as the distribution panel, power distribution frame and power distribution box) Note that the power return cable should not be connected to the protection earthing bar within the equipment room ● HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd Protecti on earth Extension cabinet HUAWEI Confidential Main cabinet Equipotential bonding line £¨ or short circuiting metallic plate£© Extension cabinet Protecti on earthi ng copper bar Page Earthing GSM Base Station- DDF DDF: If the GSM base station is configured with the DDF developed by Huawei, the protection earth wire of the DDF should be connected to the indoor protection earthing bar in the equipment room through a yellow/green copper-core plastic-insulated earth wire with an sectional area of no less than 6mm DDF of Huawei PGND earthing terminal Indoor earthing bar HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page Earthing GSM Base Station-EAC Interface EAC interface: The EAC interface should be protected by a lightning arrester The lightning arrester should be directly installed at the EAC interfaces of DB25 and DB37 at the cabinet top It does not need to lead a earth wire from its shell EAC lightning arrester is a parallel connected lightning arrester To install it at the cabinet top, insert its DB male connector into the DB female socket on the cabinet Then connect the DB female connector of the lightning arrester with the DB male connector of the cable Requirements for installing the EAC interface lightning arrester of DB25 and DB37: When the base station is connected with the environment monitoring instrument (alarm box) and no 24-channel extension alarm cable is configured, EAC lighting arrester of DB25 type should be installed while that of the DB37 type is dispensable When the base station is configured with a 24-channel extension alarm cable or is configured with both environment monitoring instrument and 24channel extension alarm, EAC lightning arresters of DB25 AND DB37 both should be installed HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page Earthing GSM Base Station- Mains Monitoring Module Mains monitoring module The mains monitoring module configured in the GSM base station should have a protection earthing From the metal shell of the module two protection earth wires should be led out One should be connected to PGND earthing bar (or earthing terminal) in the AC power cabinet (or power distribution frame) that supplies power to the mains monitoring module The other should be connected to the protection Earthing bar of the equipment room The protection earth wire should be yellow/green interwoven, insulated by plastic with the copper side Its sectional area should be no less than 3.5mm2 (which is required by the equipotential bonding to reduce the earth potential difference between the mains monitoring module and AC power supply) -48V GND Earthing terminal PGND Protection Earthing bar of the equipment room Power distribution box HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd Mains monitoring module HUAWEI Confidential Page 4.Earthing GSM Base Station -Alarm Box32 Environment monitoring instrument (alarm box) 1.When the environment monitoring instrument is connected with GSM base station by an alarm cable, a lightning arrester should be ensured for the corresponding EAC interface of GSM base station, especially when GSM base station is deployed before the environment monitoring instrument is installed 2.When the environment monitoring instrument connected with GSM base station is provided by Huawei, its –48V (or +24V) power cable, GND (or RTN) power cable and PGND (or PE) protection earth wire should be connected to the corresponding wire terminal at the top of the GSM base station cabinet The –48V (or +24V)/ GND power cables cannot be directly connected to the DC output terminal of power supply equipment or DC power distribution frame, while the PGND wire cannot be directly connected to protection earthing bar in the equipment room 3.When the environment monitoring instrument is not provided by Huawei, its –48V (or +24V) power cable, GND (or RTN) power cable and PGND (or PE) wire should be connected to the corresponding wire terminal at the top of the GSM base station cabinet If the user insists on connecting the power cables and PGND wire not in compliance with the requirements of Huawei, he/she can connect the cables in his/her own way However, the personnel of Huawei should explicitly explain to him/her the disadvantages to the lightning protection performance of the environment monitoring instrument and the base station 4.When the environment monitoring instrument not provided by Huawei adopts AC power supply, the PGND (or PE) wire of the environment monitoring instrument should be connected to the corresponding wire terminal at the top of the GSM base station cabinet If the user insists on connecting the power cables and PGND wire not in compliance with the requirements of Huawei, he/she can connect the cables in his/her own way However, the personnel of Huawei should explicitly explain to him/her the disadvantages to the lightning protection performance of the environment monitoring instrument and the base station 5.The PGND (or PE) wire of the environment monitoring instrument should be a yellow/ green copper-core plasticinsulated wire with cross-sectional area of no less than 3.5mm2 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page Earthing CDMA2000/WCDMA Base Station Signal interface During the normal operation of CDMA2000 and WCDMA base stations, the signal line of the cabinet may be led out As the lightning protection circuit of the signal interface is already designed in the equipment, no special lightning protection measures in the signal interface are necessary during the engineering installation Accessories The metallic shell of the functional accessories such as DDF and environment monitoring instrument configured in CDMA2000 and WCDMA base stations should be configured with protection earthing The protection earth wire should be connected to the protection earthing bar of the equipment room It should be yellow/green interwoven, insulated by plastic with copper core inside HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 10 Lightning Protection Earthing of Antenna Feeder B When the base station antenna is installed on the building top (there is no tower) Antenna Connect the earthing clip to the cabling ladder Antenna rack equipment room Feeder Cabling ladder Connect the earthing clip to Feeder the outdoor earthing bar 45degree angle 45 degree angle Lightning rod outdoor earthing bar base station equipment Antenna indoor protection earthing bar earthing electrode HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 14 Lightning Protection Earthing of Antenna Feeder C Tower top amplifier  The tower mounted amplifier is used to amplify the RF signals of the antenna feeder Here it does not include the active GPS antenna  If the tower mounted amplifier configured in the radio base station is provided by Huawei, then it does not require an antenna feeder lightning arrester It is also unnecessary to earth the the metal shell of the tower top amplifier  If the tower mounted amplifier in the radio base station is not provided by Huawei, please obtain the specific requirements for the lightning protection and earthing from the provider Huawei does not provide relevant requirements HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 15 Lightning Protection Earthing of Antenna Feeder Lightning protection Earthing of antenna feeder inside the equipment room The lightning protection Earthing of the antenna feeder in the equipment room can be divided into three cases: the case that the radio base station is not configured with an antenna feeder lightning arrester, that the antenna feeder is installed on the cabinet top and that the lightning arrester is installed on the cabling rack A NO outdoor antenna feeder lightning arrester is configured in the radio base station The antenna feeder does not require special lightning protection earthing in the equipment room B The lightning arrester is directly installed at the feeder interface at the cabinet top The protection end (“out” end or “equipment” end) of the lightning arrester should be directed at the base station Besides, the lightning arrester should be directly connected to the coaxial connector of the antenna feeder at the cabinet top without being transferred by jumpers It does not need to lead out a piece of earth wire HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 16 Lightning Protection Earthing of Antenna Feeder C The lightning arrester is serially connected between the feeder and the jumper and installed on the cabling rack The antenna feeder lightning arrester in the radio base station should be earthed Its protection end should be directed at the base station Each antenna feeder lightning arrester should be connected to the antenna feeder earthing bar through a piece of earth wire with a cross-sectional area of no less than 6mm2 The earth wires should be yellow/green interwoven and insulated by plastic with copper core inside Finally, a piece of earth wire with a cross-sectional area of no less than 16mm2 should be led out from the antenna feeder earthing bar to the outdoor earthing bar outside the antenna feeder window The earth wires should be yellow/green interwoven and insulated by plastic with copper core inside HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 17 Lightning Protection Earthing of Antenna Feeder Jumper Antenna feeder lightning arrester Jumper Feeder Jumper Radio base station Feeder Feeder Protection earth wire Earthing bar for antenna feeder lightning arrester Outdoor Earthing bar Equipment room Protection earthing bar in the equipment room HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 18 Lightning Protection Earthing of GPS Antenna Feeder Earthing GPS antenna feeder outside the equipment room : A When the antenna feeder is placed on the tower (including the simple tower on the building top) together with the base station antenna The GPS antenna of the base station should be protected with a lightning rod It should be in the protection range of the 45º angle of the lighting rod The GPS antenna feeder should be laid on the cabling bridge or buried underground before entering the equipment room The GPS antenna feeder should also be well earthed at places where it leaves from the tower platform at the lower end of the antenna, and where it leaves from the tower at the tower bottom as well as at the outer side of its entrance to the equipment room When no less than 60m of the feeder is laid vertically on the tower, the metallic sheath of the coaxial cable feeder should also be earthed in the middle of the feeder on the tower Besides, the feeder should also be earthed at the place of 0.5~1 m above the bend where it is led to the tower through the cabling bridge at the bottom part of the tower The earth wire should be black or yellow/green interwoven and its cross-sectional area should be no less than 6mm2 It should be well earthed at the start and end of the cabling bridge A GPS lightning arrester should be installed at the GPS antenna side Its protection end should be directed to the GPS antenna.Moreover, it does not need to lead out a earth wire HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 19 Lightning Protection Earthing of GPS Antenna Feeder B When the GPS antenna is placed independently instead of on the tower of the base station antenna Effective devices such as communication tower or independent lightning rod for preventing direct lightning strike should be installed near the GPS antenna and antenna rack If there is no communication tower or lighting rod, a dedicated lighting rod should be installed near the antenna rack to protect the GPS antenna The GPS antenna and antenna rack should be within the effective protection range of the lightning rod Besides, the lightning rode should be at least 2m horizontally away from the antenna and antenna rack A GPS lightning arrester should be installed at the GPS antenna side Its protection end should be directed to the GPS antenna.Moreover, it does not need to lead out a earth wire The place for installing the antenna should be far away from the edge of the building top to the extent possible The outer shielded layer of the GPS feeder should be reliably earthed at the outer side of its entrance to the building The earthing point should be the outdoor earthing bar of the equipment room On the building top A GPS lightning arrester should be installed at the GPS antenna side Its protection end should be directed to the GPS antenna.Moreover, it does not need to lead out a earth wire HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 20 Lightning Protection Earthing of GPS Antenna Feeder Earthing GPS antenna feeder in the equipment room: A GPS lightning arrester should be installed at the GPS interface of the base station for protection Its protection end should be directed at the base station and it should be directly connected to the GPS coaxial connector at the cabinet top without being transferred by jumpers Moreover, it does not need to lead out a earth wire Antenna Antenna rack Equipment room GPS lightning arrester Earthing clip Base station equipment Outdoor earthing bar 45 degree angle 45 degree angle Lightning rod Antenna Indoor protection earthing copper bar Earth electrode HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 21 Lightning Protection Earthing of GPS Antenna Feeder GPS of BSC Equipment: A BSC is a device that adopts the switching equipment as its main hardware Its components parts other than GPS feeder, antenna and lightning arrester should all be earthed according to the earthing specifications of switching equipment This section provides lightning protection installation guide only for GPS of BSC equipment B Outdoor part of the GPS antenna and feeder:Effective devices such as communication tower or independent lightning rod for preventing direct lightning strike should be installed near the GPS antenna and antenna rack If there is no communication tower or lighting rod, a dedicated lighting rod should be installed near the antenna rack to protect the GPS antenna The GPS antenna and antenna rack should be within the effective protection range of the lightning rod Besides, the lightning rode should be at least 2m horizontally away from the antenna and antenna rack The place for installing the antenna should be far away from the edge of the building top to the extent possible GPS antenna and its rack not require Earthing outdoor C Indoor part of the GPS feeder and lightning arrester: An GPS lightning arrester should be installed at the GPS interface of the BSC to protect the BSC Its protection end should be directed at the BSC Besides, the lightning arrester should be directly connected to the GPS coaxial connector on the cabinet without being transferred b any jumper D A GPS lightning arrester should be installed at the GPS antenna side Its protection end should be directed to the GPS antenna.Moreover, it does not need to lead out a earth wire HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 22 Lightning Protection Earthing of GPS Antenna Feeder Antenna Antenna rack Equipment room GPS lightning arrester BSC 45 degree angle Lightning rod 45 degree angle Antenna Indoor protection earthing copper bar Earth electrode HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 23 Earthing AC Power Base Station Lightning protection box for power supply The power protector of the base station should be selected according to the actual situations of mountainous area, suburban area and urban area The nominal discharge current of the standard AC power lightning protection box of Huawei is no less than 25kA The AC power cable should first be connected to the lightning protection box for the power supply and further connected to the radio base station Protection earth of the base station The PGND wire of the base station should be connected to the protection earthing bar in the lightning protection box instead of being directly connected to the protection earthing bar of the equipment room Then a piece of protection earth wire should be led from the protection earthing bar in the lightning protection box to the protection earthing bar of the equipment room The sectional area and color of the protection earth wire are the same as those of the protection earth wire in the base station PE wire in the AC power cable If the AC power cable to the lightning protection box includes a protection earth wire (PE) wire, then the PE wire should be connected to the protection earthing bar in the lightning protection box If no PE wire is included, it is unnecessary to handle the protection earth of the input power cable HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 24 Earthing AC Power Base Station L L N PE Lightning protection box Radio base station N Protection earthing bar in the equipment room HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 25 Cable Distribution and Protection The AC low-voltage power cable required by the radio base station should be shielded by metal tube (or armored power cable adopted) should be buried underearth for entering the radio base station The length of the buried part should be no less than 50m The metal tube (or the cable armor layer) should be earthed at the entrance to the building Signal cables such as E1 cable and alarm cable of the radio base station should not be laid aerially when they are led outdoor HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 26 10 Earthing Resistance Usually, the earthing resistance of the telecommunication site where the base station equipment is located is recommended to be less than 10ohm And it also should conform to the relative stipulation of the country Equipotential bonding between different earth electrodes Horizontal earth electrode Vertical earth electrode Transformer earthing network Tower earthing network HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd Earthing network of the equipment room HUAWEI Confidential Page 27 Thank You www.huawei.com ... General Rules This Specification is intended to regulate the engineering installation of lightning protection and Earthing for indoor macro base station products GSM, CDMA2000 and WCDMA macro base stations... General Rules General Earthing Principles Earthing Base station equipment Earthing GSM Base Station Equipment Earthing CDMA200/WCDMA base Station Equipment Lightning Protection and Earthing of Antenna... rod outdoor earthing bar base station equipment Antenna indoor protection earthing bar earthing electrode HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd HUAWEI Confidential Page 14 Lightning Protection Earthing of