Fourth edition of the bestselling Cambridge English: First (FCE) course, updated to prepare for the 2015 revised exam. The Students Book without answers contains fresh, updated texts and artwork that provide solid language development, lively class discussion and training in exam skills. The 24 topicbased units include examples from the Cambridge English Corpus to highlight common learner errors, while vocabulary sections informed by the English Vocabulary Profile ensure that students are learning the most useful language required at this level. The Workbook without answers and the interactive CDROM provide comprehensive extra practice of the language and topics covered in the Students Book. Class Audio CDs containing the recordings for the Students Book listening exercises are available separately.
Fashionmatters Vocabulary "@rpusspot Spellcheck Think carefullywhen to use double consonants- theCombridge Leame,r Corpusshowsexarncandidatesoften mqkg mistakes with these ClothesShowLiveis a hugefashionexhibitionthat takesplaceeveryDecemberin Birmingham.Read this extractfrom the catalogueproofs.Checkthe spellingbeforeit goesto print!Anexampleis given Thereareten moreerrorsto correct r Itlas impossible,tofind a oair in my size I'IOTlt was imposibte to find a pair in my size i iiiil'd.3'iilffi[t6"rc* 'I t:1 EliteP mierM md,ehinq Fora career ;nmsdelif,g: Youcouldbecome the nextsupermodel! O Correctthe spellingerrorsin thesesentences written by examcandidates ll til a b c d e f g h You can immagine how excitedI was There is a beautifull view from up there The concertwas briliant This was only the beggining According to the writter, it is expensive They did not appologisefor this I hope you werent dissapointed Hapinessis the most important thing Express Phrasal verbs Getsome freeadvice 0nyourhairstile Make-up demonstrations too Completethe followingsentences with phrasalverbs from the box in an appropriateform Cool Accessories dressup get awaywith keep up with pull on put together smarten up stand out Thebrightest andmostoutragous designer bags! Fantastic headgear too,including stylish capsandhats I go to at leastten big fashion showsa yeat just lGeminif foan askedme to paint the flat with her, so I an old sweatshirtand my tattiestpair of jeans Gemini makes beautifuljewelery fromcrystals and gemstones, including braclets, earings andpendants Andit'slessexpensiv thanyoumight think! to the latestdesigns c Henry could wearingjeansin his lastjob, but now he has had to $imilyleather Anexiting range ofleather clothing, fromcasual jackets tothesmartest suites Watches, belts, bagsand sunglasses alsoavailable himself Nigel for the party, but when he arrived, he really .,as everyoneelsewas wearing casualclothes I I LoveBomb Unisex clubwear forthereally fashion-conscius, printsthatglowinthedarkl withdiferent abstract Alice has .an amazing outfit using recycledclothing and glassbeads Reading Lookat the photo of a pair of jeans.How old you think they are?Read the text quicklyto find out for a tatty $25,000may sound excessive this picture in pair of ieans,but the ones are They Levi's arenot an ordinarypair of pairs left saidto be one of the two oldest Theyarecertainlythe mostexpensive! Discoveredlast year in an old coal mine in Colorado, they were initially sold for $10,000and then sold on again at a higherprice.ThenSethWeisserpaid evenmore for them.Co-ownerof a store appropriatelycalledWhat ComesAround Goa Around,he decidedto contactLevi's 'l in SanFrancisco sentthem picturesof the jeansand they were delighted.They I think!' would havepaid$40,000, Levit has its own museum and LYnn Downey, the comPanYhistorian, said: 'I knew this would be a treasure that everyonein the companywould want us to have,so Levi'sagreedto pay one of the highestsumseverfor a pair of old jeansl Apartfrom a holein theleft pocketand frayededgesat the bottom, the jeans are in remarkably good condition for their age.Ms DowneYwas ableto datethem Ui tit.it leatherpatch,which was added il il;, ;J the singleback pocket.A secondpocket was added in 1902.She the most importantreason said:'Perhaps wtry Lwit boughtthesejeansis that the companylost everythingin the 1906San Francisco earthquake and the first 50 yearsofour historywasdestroyedl Now readthese statementsabout the text and saywhether they aretrue or false a There are no other jeansas old as these b SethWeisserpaid $10,000for the jeans c Lynn Downey is an employeeof Levi's d The jeansare made completely of one material e The jeans have fewer pockets than ones made after 1902 f The Levi'scompanyis more than 100yearsold' formsin the text Underlinethe four superlative Findwordsin the text that meanthe sameasa-f a too much b common c suitably d pleased e worn out f surprisingly Grammar Comparison usinga comparativeadjectiveand Makesentences any other wordsneeded.An exampleis given a Cotton shirts/cheap/woollenones Cottonshirtsare cheaperthan woollenones ones b Flat shoes/comfortable/high-heeled c |eans/casual/trousers d Supermodels/thin/otherpeople e Lily Cole/young/KateMoss f New York/big/SanFrancisco g |ogging/dangerous/bungee-jumping h Clubbing/tiring/studying usingthe structure Rewritethe followingsentences notas asand the word in bold a Last year the prices in this shop were lower CHEAP 'n:':i: :n:::"::l":nTlT.;;: I think this exerciseis easy DIFFICULT ' I This exerciseis thought Ben won the racebut Georgecamesecond FAST Georgewas Ben " FASHION MATTERS Thevirtualworld Listening *lillE Youwill hearfive short extractsin which people aretalkingabout computergames.Forquestionsr-5, choosefrom the list (A-H)the job of eachperson Usethe lettersonly once.Therearethreeextraletters whichyou not needto use A soldier Speaker1 B software developer Speaker2 C salesmanager Speaker3 D psychologist Speaker4 E graphic artist Speaker5 flffiE Tlm,-Tl r]mgt T_TW I-TffiI F sportsperson G teacher H nanny* * someonewhose job is to look after a family's children while their parents are at work Reading Skimthis text about two children,Harryand George Do they prefercomputergamesor boardgames? Scanthe text for wordsor phrasesthat meanthe sameasa-h a company b enjoy c breakingoff d finding solutions e luck f restrict c D h enthusiastic toworkhard.at andVickySabotowskitry Richard with aswellasspend.time business, tneiiOesign lovers.themselves' Asgames sons ifreirtwovoung awayt0 makethemostof it r ouprunavetounO 'We playing appreciate theirtimeathome always an brieflyintenupting saidVicky, il;.; asafamily,' M*! !-,U e-of glo':' rr.itingbuttensesam -'-t-T such - really likegames - Hany, 5,andGeorge, involve 4and6uessWho?,w.hich as Coinect - of aregames these Because ;;td; outproblems' win- and people don'talways tntt.a, thecleverest us!' lovebeating thechildren b.utVicky gam-es' bothhavecomputer Thechildren 'We morefun' tryto games theyfindboard believes because limithowoftentheyplayonthecomputer theydtWhen if,rrr't n0socialinteraction' !9y a gameof butif wesuggest in.}lg.t boredeasily, keen' theyarealways otntiningli(eConnect4 cop-out games area bitofa Tome,computer yourchildinfrontofwhileyou ,otrif,ingio plont< else'' goanddosomething 'With games'ou O'uYnu.n agreed computer George Ir boring' get really they in* oniort o*n and games" board prefer Playing Grammar Reviewof presenttenses Matchthe sentencehalvesa-e and r-5' Thenfill each gap with a suitableverb in the presentsimpleor presentcontinuous a A report published this week .that manY b Parents board games c According to a lot of parents,children .too much time in front of the TV d More and more Parents their children from going outside to PlaY ' to be e Board games particularly attractive, educationaland social I children' benefits to their 'the whole as they family in an enjoyableindoor activity' instead of playing outdoors, which that they are lessfit nowadays it is becausethey dangerous that salesof board games at present Completethe emailwith verbsfrom the box in an appropriateform.Sometimesa verb canbe usedmorethan once.Thereis an exampleat the beginning(0) forget hate keeP know like realise sound supPose understand wish :.:., :S-:Sti;o.',,,.,+;*'0,,:*i,,,*'J;*'i;;t:.,,,,:*rr;::.,:'i'tu:i;:,':,:"u:l',ittt:':ti";il:1"-'':tot;tl"::tt ,*q$ .r*n i& t Y B ? n r e E i : Dear Maya How areyou?I (0) fl4ffiAe you'reworking hard for your I aml Although examsat the moment' t (1) to nothing in the evenings' I normaily (2) this week the books are out every nightl lt's not easyto study' though.My little brother|ames(3) '.'.' I haveto studybut he annoyingme.ffe (4) ' to be quiet.I (6) ' ' (5) it most when he playswith his computergames' to turn up the volumeand it fre (7) (8) appallinglWhen I askhim to turn it down I why.Honestly'sometimes he never(9) brother! mY he wasnt ( l0) ahost Vocabulary Completethis puzzleof wordsto with games usingthe cluesbelow.Thecorrectnumberof letters is givento helpyou.Whatword appearsvertically? Computer gameslook great now becausethey than five have much better yearsago J, An exact coPYof something is when you An something exciting Who you plaY against t Companiesoften bring out a newer of the samegame You use thesewhen you are fighting' To work otttaPtzzle or Problem Gamesusually havevery good soirnd I ) J Choosethe right adjectiveto describethe peoplein a-e Thereis one extra adjectivethat you not need to use aggressive anti-social demanding messy mindless soPhisticated Brian turns up the volume on his sound system at2 amand refusesto turn it down when the neighbours comPlain Kenny has piles of papers on the floor and leaves old coffeecups and chocolatewrappers on his desk for days Victoria is four yearsold and keepsasking her parentsto play with her, even when they are trying to work d Judy often gets angry and her boyfriend saysshe can be violent e Claude wears Armani suits and goesto the best nightclubs in town inYI 4el$.t$4t?' ITqf n}lgf iCt"ilst!13i'11lq'-515{:ry'p:i;{i?r{r'ir' T H E V I R T U A LW O R L D Goingplaces Vocabulary Travelquiz with Completethe followingsentences a suitableword.Thecorrectnumberof lettersis givento helpyou a I'd really like to go on a round the Greek islands b The historic town centre was full of - - carrying guidebooksand cameras from Dover to Calais We took the - - instead of the train through the tunnel The - - we borrowed on holiday had red sails and enough spacefor two people e I think are more comfortable than campsites f There were quite a fewboats shelteringin the making I dont always : dinner in the evening so I often get g On a ship, you sleepin a - h The - - made all the arrangements for our holiday i Tomastook the early - are Decidewhetherthe3esentdnces formalor informal.lf they are informal, completethem with a phrasalverb from z.lf they areformal,complete them with an ordinaryverb or expressionfrom z Makeany other changesneeded a takeaway Coaches - - and landed in Paris .Manchester every hour, on a daily basis I dont know why you your boyfriend - he behaveslike an around 10.00am verbs Phrasal idiot lnformalphrasalverbsoften havea moreformalequivalent.Match phrasalverbsin r-8 with the moreformalalternativeverbsa-h Steve Dorlt forget to to remind him to bring some to come across a person a to be in the mood for glassesto the party to get over an illness b to tolerate We were informed that the company to put up with a situation c to manageto see(a person or a place but not clearly) chairmanwas influenza,and was thereforeunable to ring up a person d to leave/departfor to attendthe meeting to keep on doing something e to telephone to feel like doing something f to recover from .to park your car outside my house,I'll have to to make out a person/thing g to meet accidentally to set offfor a place h to continue If you consider taking legal action Decidewhich of the followingarewritten and which arespokenformsof English,and whether they areformalor informal of location Prepositions Completethe blog with suitableprepositions Lookat this examplefrom the Student'sBook: Youdon't have to socialiseif you don't want to' ANswER:Informal, sPokenEnglish a This compartment is reservedfor non-smokers b |ohn rang Pleasering him back sometime tonight Steve - c We would be delighted if You could attend our son'swedding on 16th June I wonder if you'd mind verY much if I openedthe window? e You must be joking! t Can I help you, sir? g Out of order h Pleasegive my love to your family Best wishes,Liz Can you give me a hand with mY things? i OK,I'll be with you in a second My favourite Place a coralisland Thishasgot to be Sipadan, (1) the eastcoastof Borneo.I stayed a little roomwith just a bed and a (2) (3) nothing the wallsor wardrobe, floors.lt wasverysimple- everyoneatetogether (/t\ the terraceat the front ofthe the roadfromthe hotel (5) Just building isthe beach,whichis beautiful.Youcanwalk (6) the islandin abouthalfan hour ., althoughthereareverystrictrulesaboutwalkingj' certainpartsof the beachat 0) ., the turtleslaytheire99sin the sand nightbecause hassomeof the mostamazingdiving Sipadan (R) the world.Youcanwalkout to sea you come(9) metres andafter200 a coralwallwhichdropsa kilometrestraightdown oceanfloor, (10) the Grammar and permission necessity Obligation, with verbs Completethe followingsentences form suitable in a box from the haveto let must need Permit drive on the left' n In Britain you 21 in b In somecountriesyou be order to drink in a bar Im going to stay in bed tomorrow morning go to work as I 'I you to get Your think really hair cut,' said Elizabeth'smother me borrow her My sisterdidnt teenagers were clotheswhen we get the bus home last f Peter night as the trains were on strike g You have bought me a new watch for my birthday My old one works perfectly well .in government offices h Smoking any more GOINGPTACES Endangered Reading Youaregoing to readan article about a zoo in the UnitedStates Readthe articlequicklyto get an ideaof what it is about and then answerthesequestions.Don't worry too muchabout any words that you don't know a Where northern white rhinos normally live? b Where is the ScrippsResearch Institute? c Which animal has the researchteam had a success with? d How many deep-freezetanks are at the FrozenZoo? e How many northern white rhinos are still living? Guessing unknownwords In linesr4-r7 of the articleit says: They would be living specimens of one of the most endangered specieson Earth, who after a few months would be trotting into wildlifeparks Youmight neverhaveseen trotting before,but you can probablymakea guessasto its meaningif you think aboutwhat otherwordsmight alsofit there - for example,walking,moving, going, running, etc, U N I T4 The inside of a metal box fllled vrnthIiqrud Scrippsteam of which Ben-Nunis a part rutrogenand frozento -173'c (-280"F)is 'This is the tust time that therehas been hardly the ideal habitat for a largeAfrican something that we can If we could mammal.But,as a testtu^beis takenout of use animalsthat were"aheadydead to the containeramida cloudof white gas,a generatespermandeggs,thenwe canuse notewntten on its sidecan be seen.'This thoseindividualsto ffeate greatergenettc is a northemwhite rhino,' saysresearch diversity,'l,oringsays scientistInbar Ben-Nunas she readsout Loring'slab at Scnppsholdssamplesfiom ss the ]abe] the northem white rhino and the drill Ben-Nunis holdingno ordinaryscientific monkey,but the realFrozenZoo,headedby sample.Forthefrozencellsin that testtube Dr OliverRyder,just a few milesaway,is on couid one day give rise to baby northem a much largerscale.Housedin a building white rhinos and help save the species insideSanDiegfoZoo,its freezerscontain They would be livtng specimensof one samplesfrom 8,400animals,representing 75 of the most endangered specieson Earth, morethan 800species.TheyincludeGobi who after a few monthswould be fiotting bears,endangeredcattle breedssuch as into wildlife parks,and maybe,just maybe, gaurs and bantengs, mountain gorillas, helpingrepopulatetheir kind on theAfrican pandas, a Califomia Wey whale and os grasslands.No wonder that the place condors Theentiregiganticcollectionis in where the samplecameftom is ca_lIed the fow deep-freeze tanks FrozenZoo I/y'henit comesto speciesstill on the brink, The FrozenZoo was foundedn 1972at Ryderis insistentthat we havea duty to SanDego Zoo'sInstitutefor Conservation save them and that the Frozen Zoo can Researchas a place to keen samolesof play al important role Especially close zr skin from rare and endanglredspecies to Ryder'sheartis one of the speciesthat At the time tlat the fust sampleswere Loring u working on: the northem white collectedand put into deepfreezeit was rhino There are just eight of the animals not reallylcror.mhow they would be used left a-liveon Earth To put it bluntly: the z5 and genetlctechnologywas in its nfancy norlhemwhite rhino'sgenepool is more But therewas a sensethat one day some acflrratelya rapidlydryrng-upgenepuddle unlinorarnscientific advancemight male But, i{ Loring'swork succeedsin creating use of them.Now thanksto a team at the northem white rhino stem cells and then nearbyScnppsResearch hstitute,that day tumlng them into sperm and eggs,that genepoolcanbe deepened has comea lot closer agaln gs Geneticscientistsat Scripps,working fiom Rydermakesno seffet of how emotionally a businesspark in San Diego'snorthem attachedhe is to savingthe northemwhite subwbs,havesucceeded in takrrgsamples rhino while there are still iiving animals, of sklncellsfromthe FrozenZooandturning ratherthan just revivingsomelaterentirely as theminto a cultureof specialcellsknownas froma test tu-beHe recallswrbressingthe stemcellsandthesecouldbe usedto bring birth of a femalenorthemwhite rhino more to lifelong-deadanimalswhosespeciesare than 20 years ago and watching it being almost extinct The breakttrough, so far, inuoducedto its herd.'l saw her meetthe has comewlth qeating stem cellsfor the rest of the rhino herd There was a clear silver-maneddnll monkey,AJrica's most senseof how to meet the babv If we walt as endangeredmonkey until thereareno white rhinosandthen one 'The ftozen Zoo was a wonderfirlidea,' is createdftom a test tube,to whom arewe saysDr JeanneLoring who is leadrngthe goingto infioduceit?' he says need Decidewhat thesewordsfrom the articlemean'Youdon't aresome to know exactly- just get an ideaof the meaning'There cluesin bracketsto helPYou a to repopulate(what is population?)(line 18) """"""" ""' b infancy (what is an infant?) (line 29) c extinct (line 42) d breakthrough (think of the word as break and through) (line 42) e to generate(line 52) -.- f housed(fromhouse) (line 59) g tanks (what you put il a petrol tank?) (line 67) (linti eg) h brink (what is thebrink of destruction?) is a i puddle (the word it is comparedwith is pool what Grammar as and like Decidewhether to useos or like in the followingsentences a He cant ride a horse well I can holidays activity prefers b Susanna sailing or walking c Your sister looks you' d i cameto schoolthe samewaYtodaY I did lastweek a He dressedup the for policeman PartY Sheused to work at the universitY a zoology pool?)(line77) (line 86) j witnessing(whatis a witness?') Listening talking Sifu Vo, will heara zoo keepercalledHelenaTomkins, with sentences about her work Forquestionsr-ro, completethe a word or short Phrase Working in a zoo Helena was alwayskeen on looking at (1) """""""' Compoundadjectives when shewas Young Matchthe adjectivesin the first column with thosein the secondcolumn' The subjectHelena studied at university was (2) Helena currently looks after the (3) her zoo """""""""'at Helena doesnt enjoy working in the (4) """" """"" Helena'sjob in the morning is to preparethe /5) \v, ' ' ""' for the animals' In summer, Helena gives (6) twice a week Helena once had her (7) ' to the visitors bitten bY an animal dutYcrosslongabsenthandfirstsecondselfright- catering free handed minded distance made hand class eYed Whichof the comPoundadjectives abovecollocatewith the following a ' ' .- "' Helena sometimesfinds that some (9) who visit the zoo can be quite annoying' Helena is hoping to visit (10) """" near future a b c d e f g h i nouns? Helena saysthat keepersneed to catry a (R\ with them at work' \v, lecturer g I enjoygoingcamPingwhenit's in fulY' warm, ' in the leather bag journey car b c Person d bottle of e a/an perfume ticket f alan holidaY g alan ENDANGERED Recording script si$M Youwill hearpeopletalkingin sk dffirent situations.For questions1-6, choosethe bestanswer(A, B or C) Question1 Youheara man tellinga womanabout a new musical Man: I've just beento seethat new musicalthat everyone's talking about Woman: Oh really,and is the plot as good aspeoplesay?I think the writer haswon awardsfor his earlierwork Man: Yeah,and it's not bad at all, althoughthere are one or two bits that didnt work, which I got rather irritated by For me, what stood out wasthe peopleplaying the two Ieadineroles.They were excellent,which is more than can be said for the songs.I found them unimpressivefor the most part, just one clich6after another Woman: Well, it soundsas if I should go and seeit sometime,anyway [The recordingis repeated.] Question2 Youheara womantalkingabouta hotel Woman: This five-star hotel may not be affordablefor most of us, but it's frequently chosenby the rich and famous,who love to be photographedthere The hotel hasbeenredevelopedby one of the world'smost talented designers,and everyroom showsevidenceofhis style and flair I was taken to the library for tea where I spent ageslooking at the hugecollectionofleather-bound booksdisplayedfloor to ceilingon the longestwalls But when I tried to take one down, I realisedthat they were all fake! A library with unreadablebooks seemsa departure from good tasteto me, and I would personally knock a starofffor it! [The recordingis repeated.] Questionj Youheara girl and a boy talkingabout beingfamous GirL So what would you find hard about your life if you becamea superstarone day,a big footballermaybe?I hope you'dstill treat me the sameway! Boy: Of courseI would, fackie,friendshipsdont change.I dunno, arethere any drawbacks?You could basicallyhave whateveryou wanted a nice car,a big house You'd haveplenty of money coming in and everyonewould make a big fussof you, wouldnt they? Girt I supposeyou re right but you canhavetoo much attention,you know.And what aboutthe publicity?Itl hate that sideof it lmaeineqoineout to the shopsand havine photographersfollowing you down the street.What a hassle! Boy: Thatil be fun! I'm sureyou'dget usedto it, an).way It's part of the lifestyle [The recordingis repeated.] Question4 Youhearan interviewaboutswimwear Interviewer: I m with Liam O Neill, and we'resurrounded by his latestrangeof swimwearthat'scauseda real sensationhere atthe ClothesShow.Liam, why you thinkyouve doneso well this year? Liam: It's unbelievable,isn t it? I dunno, it's kind of strange.The new storeshavecreateda lot of interest throughout the country and I guesspeoplewantedto comeand seefor themselves Interviewer: Liam, your displayis most impressive- how did you move all that sand? Liam: We had three lorries driving through the night to get here - it just wouldnt be right to launch swimwear without the beach! [The recordingis repeated.] Question5 Youheara wornantalkingon thephone Woman: Hello, is that the newsdeskof the Daily Times?Yes, I m ringing with someinformation you see,I'm a close friend of HeatherWoods lastweeksjac\pot winner, that'srisht I know shedoesnt want anv publiciw but if the price is right I'm willing to give you a story.I mean it's ridiculous, all that money and she'ssitting there miserably! I could visit your office tomorrow or gmail you somethingif you prefer OK, that soundsinteresting, my number's0208 [The recordingis repeated.] Question6 Youoverheara man callinga hotel Man: Good afternoon.It's fack White again- I calledyou this morning and made a booking for three nights next week,a double room with bath?Well, Ive checkedwith my wife and the room booking is fine so no changes there,but I'd like to checksomething.You told me the room rate would include breakfastbut not dinner, yet the advertisementon Lour websiteclaimsthat IS included for all bookin$-made in March So it must apply to us surely? OK, I'll hold for the manager,thank you [The recordingis repeated.] Grammar withif andunless Conditionals ahadntbought bclaims coffered dphones e grabbed f hadntbeen g wasnl/werent h endedup a Lottery winners usually find it difficult to sleepafter they haveheardthe news b I rarely havetime to readlong novelsthesedays c Peoplearealwaystelling me to stop working so hard d Beforethe storm, I never worried about thosetreesnear the house e Now if its windy, I'm often woried that they'll fall on us f What'shappenedto John?He'snormally hereby this time A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N GS C R I P T S hardlygot/hadanysleep Writing ableto keepup with Punctuatedreport enjoybeing Report on the regionalcollegefootball competitionheld on in dangerdue/owing 3rd May Venue Vocabulary This year the competitionwasheld at Highworth College a talent (not necessarilyto with being famous);nouns This was an excellentchoiceofvenue asthere are six b give (not receiving);verbs football pitchesavailable,all in excellentcondition c delight (positivefeeling);nouns The competition d irritated (differentemotion); adjectives All the teamsin the competitionwerevery experienced e keepaway(not to with solving problems);phrasalverbs and playedto a good level.This provided excellent f rarely (oppositemeaning);adverbs entertainmentfor the spectators.The matchesgot off to a Writing slow start,mainly becauseof the bad weather- it rained a I dont go to the theatrevery often becausethere heavilythroughout the morning but this clearedup after isnt one in my town lunch Then, therewere a few incidentswherethe referee's b (Please)could I useyour phone (please)? decisionwas questioned,but generallythe matcheswere all c (Yesterday)I bought her a lovely blue silk dress(yesterday) playedin a positiveway with good team spirit d Alan neverusedto be keen on swimming The result e Quite a few membersof the audiencewere students The two finalistswere ChedburyManor Collegeand f I would eatItalian food when I lived in New York Fulbrook High The final scorewas 2-0 to Chedburyand g The crowd watchedquietly asthey pulled down the old it was a good win for them Their striker wasparticularly cinema impressiveand could perhapsevenbe consideredfor a h The man askedhim if he could give him somemoney professionalclub if he wantedto take that route.All in all' sheis also i Not only doesAlison like bananas/apples, a very good day'ssport keen on apples/bananas answer Suggested j I haveneverbeenso horrified in my life Hi Kim I It wasgreatto hear from you and I'm really looking forward Unlt to you coming to my college.It's a greatplaceand pretty Reading well-known for sport For swimming, it's necessaryto go A B G C F l E into the town as our collegedoesnt havea swimming pool' Grammar There'sa really good one there and studentsget a discount It's open everyeveningand at the weekend.I'm not sure andinfinitives Gerunds about swimming competitionsthough a lenny suggestedgoing to the partyin a taxi We havea football team,which I'm on I know you are a b I look forward to hearing from you in the near future goal-keeperso I'm suretherewould be spacefor you! great c I dont mind doing it There are four pitchesat the collegeand matchestake place d I'm interestedin learning Spanish different collegeseveryweekendduring the season between e Correct you arrive,go and seethe coach,Mr Andrews - he When f I'll help you with your homeworkwhen I finish wtiting usedto play football professionallybeforehe becamethe my letter coachat our college g I am usedto doing the washing-up We alsohavebadminton and alsohockey.You might alsobe h Correct to know that therdsa gym which hassomevery interested i Correct equipment.I go there in my lunch hour to work up-to-date j Im going to town to buy a new jumper popular so you haveto put your name on the It's out very k I objectto paying to park my car before list the week I I cant afford to lend you any more money for you to arrive! Cant wait m Correct 4l ifyoudontleave impossibleto request (just)incasel never miss/ never fail to watch Vocabulary a win e clubs bnil f give c referee g laps d court SCRIPTS A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N G Unit I Listening 1 H F C E A Recording script *!38 Youwill hearfive short extractsin whichpeopleare talking about thejob theywantedto when theywereyoung For questions1-5, choose from the list (A to H) what each speakersays.Usethe lettersonly once.Thereare threeextra Ietterswhichyou not needto use, Younow have30 seconds to lookat theauestions Speaker1 My dad usedto own a restaurantand everyweekendI had a job helping out in the kitchen.I guesshe wantedme to be a chef or somethinglike him But I usedto spendmy time lookine at the customersinstead.I wasfascinatedbv how thev behaved- whetherthev would tip the waiters and whv thines like that I readlots ofbooks on both animal and human behaviourtoo and endedup doing zoologyat universityand then becominga university lecturer on that subject- a bit different from looking into people'sminds which is what I was keen on in my younger &ys Speaker2 I guesseveryonewantsto somethingreally cool when theyre young, dont they,like being a pop singeror flying to the moon on a spacerocket.I neverdid really.I used to readlots of crime bookswhen I wasyoungerand try and copy the style.I think I sawm)'selfasanotherAgatha Christie.producineloadsof paperbacks.It's funnv reallv as my sisterjoined a band and becamequite famous.I ended up working in a zoo,looking after the elephants.I love it and cant imaginedoing anythingelsenow Speaker3 I wasnt very good at school- only at music and drama My teachersput me in all the stageproductionswe had I would spendageslearnine the words of the tunestill I wasword perfect.I loved evervthineabout it from the costumesto standinson staeewith the audienceclapoine - it was all I everwantedto Anyway,things didnt turn out that way as I didnt get into drama school Now I seereal-lifedrama on the streets,investigatingcrime I'm what they call a criminal psychologist.I still get to perform though - but usuallyin court, giving evidence Speaker4 What was I like when I was young?Well, I loved helping my mum the cooking and I was alwaysreadingscience fiction I neversawtheseasmy future careersthough It was alwavsanimalsfor me I suess.Nothine huee.More snidersand lizards.I could seemvselfsDendinemv life takins careof them Teachinethe public about them too My mum thought I was mad and spenther time trying to convinceme to enoughschoolworkto go into sciencemaybeevenbe an astronaut! Speaker5 My brother wantedto be a famousdetective.He even bought a magnifying glassand a notebookwherehe'd write down what the neighbours were doing I think they mustve thought he was a bit weird I alwaysdid He thought I was weird too, I guess.He'd make fun of me spending all my time in the kitchen following different recipes.He didn't mind eatinethe results.thoueh So,I reckonI must'vedone somethingright And, I actually fulfilled my childhood ambition as I'm beginningto get quite well known now He, on the other hand, is more normal and endedup asa teacherat our local college, teachingcreativewriting Vocabulary Verbcollocations a does e spending btastes f keep c spend g broke d had Adverb-adjective collocations highly praised,amusing deeplydisappointed,ashamed perfectlyhappy,reasonable, serious a b c d deeplydisappointed highly amusing perfectlyreasonable perfectlyserious e highly praised f deeplyashamed g perfectlyhappy Definitions afeast e sensible blandmark f hideous c critical g broom d decent Grammar usedto andwould I l0 12 l4 usedto / did found discovered included usedto spend/ would spend would use/ used confirmed usedto be / was usedto take / would take / took usedto be / were ll usedto walk / would walk usedto be / were 13 usedto visit / would visit estimated Unit I Reading I It is giving them misleadinginformation on product packaging I E G A D F B a regulations;rules;code;verdict b letting down; get awaywith; call on Grammar Speculation anddeduction acould/might e must I ccant bmust f couldimight might havebeendoneby looking forward to going doesyour uncle for down to planning dcant/couldnt must havebeenpaid in getting the/their message would havebeenableto madean impressionon A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N GS C R I P T S Vocabulary Collocations c, f, gand h not collocatewith broad;deepcouldbe used with c, f and h, and wide*ith g a jingle b slogan cbudget dbrand U n i t1 Vocabulary I T C A B D D C A b at his best c at once a At first e at war; at (long) last f at risk d at least Listening l c L B B s C A C Recording script *iffi writer Youwill hearan interviewwith a science-fiction For questions1-7, choosethe bestanswer calledled Stevens (A, B or C) Younow haveone minute to look at the questions Interviewer: JedStevens,welcometo the studio.Now, you'vebeenwriting successfulsciencefiction for almost three decades,but at what agewould you recommend othersto start writing it? |ed: That'sa good question.I playedaround with ideas right through my teens,which is fine for your own amusement,but you just dont havethe knowledge or scopeto take it on seriouslyuntil you'reout in the world In your twentiesis about right Thereare a few writers who haveturned to sciencefiction much later,in retirement,though I seethat as risky commercially Interviewer: So what led you to sciencefiction in the first place? fed: Well, it would be convenientto sayit wasweeklydoses of Star Trek,which wason televisionwhen I wasa kid, but in actualfact, I couldnt standit! My elderbrother loved it and he listenedto stuff on the radio too, but that didnt work for me - I wantedvisual imagesto stimulate my imagination,and I found them in a colourful comic strip that I consumedever)'weekwithout fail Interviewer: And as a writer, is there an1'thingin particular that hasbeenhelpful to you? |ed: To createmy stories,do you mean?I guessI've got a lot from locationswhereI've spentsometime - I've neverlived in one placefor more than five years,and unusualenvironmentsinspire me My earlywork as a programmerwasthe opposite,no help at all, so I left in the end to follow my dream.Living whereI now I'm in touch with a lot of scientists,but they'regenerallytoo focusedon reality to be usefulto my brand of fantasy! Interestingpeoplethough lnterviewer: You'vewritten 25 novels,but what was the very first publicationof yours to comeout? SCRIPTS A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N G fed: It washard at the start,you know ' I desperately wantedto get publishedand I rememberI tried with a short story, but everyonesaid they'd only consider a whole collection,so that wasout Then I decidedto enter a competitionfor first novelsbut I missedthe deadline.(Im still polishing that novel 30 yearslater!) No, it was a modestpiecein a magazineabout life in other galaxies from smallbeginnings,eh? Interviewer: Well, you obviously found the magic ingredient!And what'sthe attractionnow? I'm sureyou dont really needthe money |ed: It's alwaysbeenthe samethrill Sciencefiction allows you to find fresh angleson how peoplelive and interact You mentioned earnings,but they were really only necessarywhile my kids weregrowing up TodayI get by on next to nothing.I know I could makea lot more if I accepteda role in the filming of my stories,but I m just not into that sideof the business Interviewer: |ed, ifyou look back over your 30 yearsin the business,asyou put it, what haschangedin science fiction writing? fed: Strangelyenough,given all the technologicalprogress weVeseensincethe 80s,it's not the storylinesthemselves that have altered,but the storytelling itself - that's improvedhugelFin my view.The other aspectthat somepeoplecommenton is that the novelshavebecome shorterover the years,but I dont think there'sany evidencefor that not in my case,anyway! Interviewer: OK, and what you seehappeningto the human racein the future, say50 yearsfrom now? Jed:Well I dont havea crystalball but my thoughtsare that governmentfunding for spaceexplorationwill than everdue to a lack of becomemore necessar)' resourceson Earth I dont think peoplewill be able to get beyondour solarsystem,but I'm certainthat unmannedvehicleswill be sentthat far, with fascinating results.I alsobelievethat we'll havestartedexploiting distant placesfor water by then, on an icy moon of |upiter maybe Interviewer: Who knows?Jed,it's been really good to talk to you today,thank you )ed: My pleasure Grammar Reviewof futuretenses Suggested answers a Within 20 years,a mannedspacecraftwill havelanded on Mars b In ttre 22nd century,it may be possibleto launch starships,whosedestinationwould be other galaxies c Soon,peoplewill be ableto travel to low orbit and the journey time betweenEuropeand New Zealandwill be only an hour new job in New York and they moved out last week.They were quite fun, but a bit noisy They often usedto have large family parties and the young children would run around shouting.Their parentsand their grandpaand grandma werenice though Writing answer Suggested Betweenl0 and 12 fanuary,2020,Elwood Collegeof Technologyis hosting a conferenceon future developments in space.The guestspeakerswill include,science-fiction writer |ohn T Price and the leadingscientistProfessorPaul Rhodes,who will be speakingabout his latestresearch.The discussionswill covertopics suchasbeam-uptechnology, moon settlementsand how to contactaliens The new neighbours are a family with identical twin girls, aged 15 They're very pretty and, so far, seemquite friendly I hope I'll be ableto tell them apart.Their dad cameover yesterdayto sayhello and wdre going to havethem over for a barbequenext weekend.I'll write and let you know if my first impressionof them was right! Unit 'l1 Vocabulary Thatb all my news for now Hope you're keeping well Wordformation I I a b c d e f Love, personality appearance likely Scientists relationships choice social reasonable nervous/uneasy afraid terrified pleased delighted/thrilled overjoyed disappointed unhappy miserable/depressed interested fascinated eager obsessed surprised astonished shocked speechless stunning attractive lovely beautiful English American on the underground shegot/becamereally embarrassed L g e f h k 9a s j b i 10c ffd Writing Dear |ody, Thanks for your letter; it was good to hear from you You'll be pleasedto know that I've found someoneto share the flat with She'scalled ElenaRichmann and she'san actressfrom Canada.I interviewed about 20 peoplebefore I saw her She'svery nice and we really get on well together.Let me tell you a bit abouther Shet about lm 50cm in height and has short, blach curly hair; in fact shelooks a bit like your sister! She'sincredibly lively so she should be fun to havearound Were both interestedin the sametype of films and we seem to havesimilar tastesin music Shehatescooking so I wont haveto worry about having a messykitchen! One drawback is that, when she is making a movie, she needsto get up really early,about 4.30in the morning, to ' go to the setto get her make-upand costumesortedout Shesaysshe'll be really quiet, so we'll haveto see.Anyway, I havent noticed any bad habitsyet! You must meet her why dont you come over to the flat next Saturday and we can havea meal together?Drop me a line to let me know Love, Tanya answer Suggested Unit 'l2 Reading l I D B A D B D Grammar Thepassive a b c d e f g h i j k I m n o p I had to be trained by the manager Usuallycuckooclocksare made out of wood The scienceexhibition will be visited by many people My camerawas stolenon the bus He had his bike stolen It hasbeenproved that water freezesat degreesC Frenchis spokenhere Many designshavebeen made for new planes The houseis being painted at the moment The car is being cleanednow Maria was born in April A jet is flown by Hamid every day They wereaskedto aparty Todaysmeetingis cancelled/ hasbeen cancelled My housewas built last year I was hurt in a road accident Vocabulary verbswithcomeandtake Phrasal a inherited b resembles c started(a new hobby) f facelmeet d regainconsciousness e running g like h produce i understand/absorb j found/discovered(by chance) k accepting/getting Listening I 80 mechanic library plastic cousin bicycle light TV water 10 potatoes Recording script 4$iM Youwill heara woman talkingabouta man calledWilliam, who built a windmill in his vilhge in Africa For questions with a word or shortphrase 1-10, completethesentences Dear Lynne, Younow have45 secondsto look at the questions I thought I'd write and tell you all my latest news.We've got new neighbours.You rememberI told you that we had a large family living next door? Well, the father has got a Woman: On my radio show today,Im going to be telling you the amazingstory of William William was born and grew up in a smallvillagein Malawi in Africa He wasnt A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N GS C R I P T S naturally academicat schooland, in fact, he had to leave schoolat the ageof 14becausehis family couldnt afford to pay the $80 tuition fees His family werefarmersand they wantedWilliam to becomeone too but William had ambitionsto be a mechanic.This looked doubtful becausethe family had no money and so William had to help out in the fields He still had somefree time though so he would spend it in the local library Therehe found two textbooks - Explaining Physicsand UsingEnergy- and from them, William found out all about how you could get electricityfrom windmills William'svillagewasvery poor but it did havea lot of wind He could seethat electricitywould solvea number of problemsfor his family and,bestof all, he would be ableto havea light in his room so he could readat night William could seethat having a windmill to make electricitywould mean freedomfor himself and his family The electricitywould be ableto quickly pump water to his family'sfields of maize,which would allow them to grow more food b Chris Searlesaidthat that morning he had gonein through the side entrance.The schoolsecretarywas/ had been handing out the registersasnormal, but there couldnt have beenmore than 20 or 30 kids in the whole building c A pupil saidthat while they were/ had beenoutsidethe gates,teachershad come acrossand (had) talked to them Somewerei had beensympathetic,though they werent / hadnl beenableto admit it Somewere/ had beenaggressive and had thrown gym shoesat them d Chris Searlesaidthat thosechildrenwere/ had beenmade to feel that being ordinary meant failure He arguedthat it is the ordinary peopleand their daily work that make a country.(Presenttenseis usedasthis is an ongoingtruth.) Vocabulary I made a good impression make senseof made their move made useof madetheir feelingsknown a make b had c made ddo e made f go on / start g take make h take He decidedto build a windmill near his house.His father wastoo busy so he askedhis cousinto help him and they spentsometime trying to find the necessary parts.Luckily,they managedto get hold of a bic)'cle someonehad thrown awayand which they usedto form the basisof the windmill They mainly usedthe chain and the dynamo.For the windmill bladesthey usedan old plaslle pipe which they cut in two and heatedover hot coalsto make flat This all took a long time but the result wasworth it Unit'!4 Vocabulary The windmill was a greatsuccessand currently the village hasthree ofthem and the villagerscan all go to watch TV aswell asenjoy all the other benefitselectricity hasbrought William is now older and is keento build windmills acrossthe whole of his country.William's family can now harvestother cropsbesidesmaizesuch aspelatocs.The peoplein the village aremuch healthier and happierthan they werebeforeand other children are beginning to study scienceasthey can now seehow usefrrl it is to their lives I B U n i t1 Reading L E G C A D F Grammar Reporting a Zeinaidasaidthat shehad goneto the local paperand had told them their plans.They (had) askedher some questionsto checkher out, but in the end they (had) promisedto run the story A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N G SCRIPTS Word formation llselection specialise massive availability i make/made j makes/made I 5imaginative unexpectedly obviously expansion Listening B A C C Recording script e!$@ Youwill hearpeopletalking in five dffirent situations.For questions1-5, choosethe bestanswer(A, B or C) Question1 Youheara man talkingabout his workinglife Man: I havent alwaysbeeninvolvedin the catering industry In fact, I trained asa lawyer,althoughI've neveractuallyworked for a law firm I spenta few yearswriting articlesfor a law magazine,which I quite enjoyed,but I alwaysknew this waswhat I really wantedto - the kitchen is my true home! I turned professionallast year,after I won a TV competitionto find the best amateurin the country.Sincethen, I've neverlooked back [The recordingis repeated.] Question2 aboutgettingafurther qualification Youheara conversation Woman: So I hear you're going back to studyrngfor a while? Man: That'sright, its a full-time coursein marketing.My company'sgoing to pay half the feesand I've agreedto work for them for at leasta year afterwardsin return, though in a differentjob, obviously Woman: I'm surprisedyou didnt decideto something part-time to keepyour salarycoming in! Man: I thought about it but I'd rather concentrateon the course,to be honest.I've manaeedto savequite a bit, so I shouldbe OK [The recordingis repeated.] Question3 Youheara wornantalkingabout her career, Woman: I've been involved in fashion photographyfor more than ten yearsnow Peopleare often quite envious of what I do, but it's hard worh with very long days sometimes.It's getting more and more competitive too, so it's hard to make a good living nowadays.Not that it was the money that attractedme in the first place!I suppose I was drawn bv the opportunitv to visit someexotic locations - that was certainly more important to me than the famouspeopleI'd get the chanceto work with [The recordingis repeated.] Question4 Youhear twopeopleat work discussing a colleague Woman: Mark, can I have a word with you? I m getting very impatientwith Becky Man: Why's that? I ve alwaysfound her very easyto get on with Woman: Well, that'snot the problem.She'sa lovely person, but wheneverI askher for something,sheneverseems to know whereto look and takesagesto find what I need.Now sheseemsto havemislaid a really important file that I gaveher last week Man: OK Look, I m responsiblefor her so I'll havea quiet word - I know she'sbeen a bit overworked recently,but it soundslike sheneedsto sort herselfout a bit Woman: Thanks Mark, I appreciateit Man: No problem [The recordingis repeated.] Question5 Youheara man talkingabout the skilk neededfora new positionin his department Man: This is a new role in the salesand marketing department,to assistin the launch of our latestproduct range.The post is initially for two yearsand this help is neededimmediately,so we'reencouraginginternal people to apply.The successfulapplicant will be given someresponsibilityfor checkingcostsand updating sales budgets,so althoughwe'renot askingfor a mathsdegree, a school-levelcertificatein that subjectis essential.The job will require an elementof direct sellingby phone,all carried out in English- anotherlanguagemight be an advantage,but we're not demanding that And we can provide basictraining in telephonesellingtoo Please contactHuman Resourcesif you are interested,as soon aspossible [The recordingis repeated.] Writing TTosumup Inanycase On the other hand Again 5lAlthough So in his case Grammar allandthewhole b wholeof a thingsof all e allofa c thewhole d all U n i t1 Vocabulary I I B B A C B B D A a recycled blitter d drought e floods g shower h pollutants csecond-hand f flash i fossilfuels Writing 31As 2Despite 3when 4Besides So Although because/ as a result l0 Furthermore asa result though Grammar some,any,no,every aanything/something b anyone/anybody c everywhere d No one / Nobody e something f anywhele g arything h Everyone/Everybody i anything U n i t1 Reading l c A L C 8 B D 9D C TOB D G F Listening I B E Recording script i$iro Youwill hearfive short extractsin whichpeopleare talking aboutfood For questions1-5, choosefromthe list (A-H) what eachwriter says.Usethe lettersonly once.Thereare threeextra letterswhichyou not needto use to lookat thequestions Younow havei0 seconds Speaker1 I tend not to believepeoplewho saythey write for eight hours a day.I write for about three hours after breakfast It's then that my mind is least cluttered I never eat at my desk.It's messyenoughas it is But food is important to my writing You can learn aboutthe charactersthrough their attitudeto food Food provokespowerful feelings- a senseof family, for example,when everyonesits down to eattogether,or hate,ifyou take food awayfrom someone, especiallya child In fact, I often write so much about food that my editor hasto cut largebits out when shereadsit A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N GS C R I P T S Speaker2 I work a long morning - that'swhen I can be at my most creative.I keepgoing until I cant any more' By about two o'clockI realiseI m really hungry and could eatthe entire contentsof the fridge One of the greatpleasuresof working at home is that you can be selfishabout eating I think you haveto watch out for food in fictionr it's vital that it doesrftjust becomesomesort of recipebook' I know somewriters who just fill the pageswith food - their charactersseemto eat all the time I cant that Speakerj I wasborn in New York and my grandparentshad a restaurant.I really loved their Italian dishes.Ravioli was my favouriteand still is One of the cooksthere made great American food too and I usedto go back to her home frequentlyfor mealswith her family I basedone of my novelson that family - it centresround a detectivewho hasa difficult job but a greathappyfamily If I m happy with what I've written in a da)'.I give myself chocolate'Not too much though asI dont want to pile on the pounds Speaker4 I'm not easilydistractedby food and I dont seeit as somethingyou should haveasa reward.For me, it's somethingthat you needto live As I love writing I spenda lot of time at my desk.I like to start around 9.30and then work until one.I dont like fancy recipesthat take agesto prepare.Somethinglike toastor soup is fine by me After lunch I havea quick nap and then go shoppingor to the library I then work until sevenand watch the news'Later I go out to eatin one of the greatrestaurantsin my area Wordformation I When I'm writing, my main character,a detective,takes me over completely.After I get up' I go to the caf6on the corner and havea coffee.and I usedto havea pastr)''but not now I'm dieting Then I sit down and write until about three,not stoppingfor lunch Onceyou start a novel,you dont switch off, so you needpausesto think about what you'regoing to write next I usedto fill thosepauseswith chocolatebarsbut I've managedto stop that now My characterwouldnt cook at all, but I can a really good beef stew c record d good causes e get hooked f bound a unlikely b liking c Iike d likeness e likeable Writing answer Suggested The haggis,which must be preparedaccordingto the traditional recipe,shouldbe cooledat the time of hurling The haggis,which will be inspectedfor illegalfirming agents,must not breakon landing.A haggishurler who has the misfortuneto seehis haggissplit will be disqualified For the junior and middle-weightevents,wherethe haggis shouldweigh approximately500grams,the haggisshouldbe no longer than22 cm with a maximum diameterof 18 cm Grammar 2so l as made order 4up like A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N GS C R I P T S 3be 4a ' where/when 2to no lit/this whose which U n i t1 Reading F C A B G Vocabulary a T H R I c T L L ol A E L U S T R A T.) e o T T R U c X e el L E r A D N H N E C D \ N o T E I ? I H B T L R A c N L I C K R Y T U N ts I C G R P H I N C cl E N E T T N Y d An, a, the e a, the, t -, the, the energetic unusual collection Alternatively a swells b kick off W E Grammar Thearticle ) inclusion endless competitions analysis I I D Speaker5 a a,the b -, the c the, -, the U n i t1 Vocabulary o o rl R K E E H X o w E T C l L El I E N h A - II I RI E V I E w A R Y o P M o F L L- I L _v Grammar enough,toolvery,so,such a b c d e f g h I haveneverread such a long book asthis one The story was so complicatedthat I gaveup Hardbackbooksare (much) too expensive Not enoughbookswereordered' I wasso/very sadto hear of the novelist'sdeath It was such an exciting Plot The print in this paperbackisrlt big enough Characterssuch astheseare quite unusual 3too 2too 4Lvery such enough such 13 enough 12 very ll so very very 14 such so 10 too 15 too Listening s l c B C L A B C Recordingscript {flfu Youwill heara radio interviewwith a womanwho hasdone For questions1-7, choose a surveyon attitudesto eboolcs the bestanswer(A, B or C) Younow haveoneminute to look at the questions Interviewer: Here with me today is Anna Sinclair Now Anna, you've recently carried out an investigation into people'sreadinghabitsand current attitudesto the downloadingof ebooks.Whose idea wasthis? Anna: It was somethi(rgI wanted to at university, but my tutor advisedme not to due to the work involved When I graduated,I approacheda small market research company,who were interestedbut saidthey couldnt financeit immediately.So I appliedfor a bank loan and sold the resultsback to the companysix months later Interviewer: Did anything surpriseyou in your survey findings? Anna: Yes.I had expectedthat peopleof my agewould be the strongestgroup in favour ofebooks, but in fact, they had rather mixed feelings,mainly due to cost issueson the hardwareneeded.Adults in their 40sand 50swith spare income seemto havewelcomedthe developmentand it is only the non-computer-literatewho refuseto consider ebooks,not surprisinglY Interviewer: And what peopleout there seeasthe biggestadvantageof ebooks? Anna: There are so many benefitsto ebooks'including easy accessto information online no matter where you live and the way you can alter the appearanceofthe text to suit you The thing that comesup in the surveyaboveall is volume, the fact that you can carry a whole library around on a pieceof hardwarethat will slip into your pocket Interviewer: Interesting.Turning to the commercial aspectin all this, how book publishersview ebooks Anna: I've interviewedseveralpeoplein the industry, who wereunderstandablynervousto begin with, seeingeboolrs asa threat to their traditional business.But in fact,just as music downloadshaveaddedto album sales,ebookshave provided publisherswith a totally new market.I think it's unlikely that paperbackswill disappearbut with rising papercostsand transport on top, heavierhardbackbooks look setto die out - evenlibraries are switchingto digital downloadsof these,it seems' Interviewer: I see.And what about us, the consumers?Are there no disadvantages? Anna: I wouldnt saythat I dont agreewith the argument that readingebooksis bad for you - somepeopleclaim that it leadsto weight gain,but doesnt readinga book also involve sitting still? For those people who dislike readingon screen,therewill be the addedexPenseof pItIrtiDS and even then, you end up with a pile of paper ratherthan a solid physicalbook But that'sabout it! Think of the multi-media featuresthat someebooks include for the samemoney - audio and photographs' for example Interviewer: Anna, how you seeebookschangingthe livesof authors- the peoplewho producethem in the first place? Anna: I think it's good newsfor them, and for their agents, who still havea role to play in relatiorito the media And ebooksprovideundiscoveredwriters with the chanceto deliver their work to the public, rather than waiting for a willing publisher As with many electronic products,there areof courseopportunitiesfor illegal activity, where the author earns nothing, but it wont impact on their earningsany more than the invention of the photocopierhas done alreadY Interviewer: Yesindeed.Fina\r Anna, wherewill this researchtakeyou next in terms ofyour career? Anna: Well, I've got no plans to anything elseon ebooksat the moment, but the whole areaof market researchis fascinating, and I want to take it further' maybe even having my own company one day.It's a very competitivefield but Ive learnt a lot from this experienceand I believeI can offer comPaniesa solid service.working in PartnershiPwith them with it all Interviewer: OK, well I wish you every success Manv thanks, Anna Sinclair nowadays? A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N GS C R I P T S Unit 20 Listening U n i t1 Reading r B C A B D D Vocabulary a b c d e f confident g weekly h social i effective j suitable attendance choice fitness disruptive manageable B A N D A G E B H L G N D H w A L L C a U K I G I T B K A ,B o R M T rut T o K D T N F g E E F L U v Y E Py o /y N M ry R C U E o L X s/ H, A T E a il e_E A N A D A C H Y ar L D P V N o I E C T I o N P N Grammar a I high time you stoPPed do/would you adviseme to I wereyou, I would that we/they (should)go suggestedgoing / suggested to haveyour teeth checked (high) time you had/gotYour had better not sit Writing answer Suggested I think that there hasneverbeena better time to be fit and healthy.For a start, supermarketsmake a point of including caloriecountson all their food so that you know exactly how much salt,sugarand fat you are eating.Ifyou believe that being a vegetarianis healthierthan eatingmeatthen you will haveno problem finding readymealsor restaurants which suit your stYleof eating More and more peoplearejoining gyms or going running There really is no excusefor not or doing pilatesclasses being ableto keepfit as everytown hasits own gym or ' sportscentreor swimming pool, and theseplacesareoften reasonablypriced' If you dont fancy keepingfit with other people,then get a bike and go out riding I this quite a bit - I alwayscycle to college.I neverget the bus becauseit is very expensive and I would haveto wait a long time for one to come along.In the past,it may havebeendifficult to keepfit and healthy,but certainly not nowadays A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N GS C R I P T S I medicine professor murderers magazine chemistry t 10 footprints microscoPe fog historical furniture Recording scriPt ${lm Youwill heara studentcalledDan talkingabout thefamous detectiveSherlockHolmes,who wascreatedby the writer SirArthur ConanDoyle.For questions1-10, completethe with a word or shortphrase sentences to look at thequestions Younow have45 seconds Dan: OK, for my presentationon crime, I want to talk about Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and his characterthe detectiveSherlockHolmes,who I really like reading about.Conan Doyle wasborn in 1859in Edinburgh, Scotland,and wasgreatlyinfluencedby his mother'slove of storytelling However,rather than studying literature, from 1876to 1881he did medicineat the Universityof Edinburgh Although Conan Doyle beganwriting short stories during his time at university,it wasnt until he had graduatedand setup a medicalpracticein London that he beganto write seriously.This wasbecausehe wasrlt a particularly successfuldoctor and had very few patients.His main inspirationfor the characterof SherlockHolmes was a plgfessQrwho had taught him at Edinburgh Another inspirationfor his writing was a visit Conan Doyle had madeat the ageof 15 to a wax museumin London Therewerewax modelsof well-known actors and singersthere,but it wasthe modelsof famous murderersthat had the greatestimpact on him The characterSherlockHolmesfirst appearedin 1887'not in a novelbut asa short story calledA Studyin Scarletin a magazine.Holmeswasa private detectivewho ran an agencyfrom his aparfinent at22lB BakerStreetin London and sharedmost of his work with his friend Dr Watson' From the books Conan Doyle wrote, I've learnt that Holmeshad an expertknowledgeof chemistry,but wasnt quite so good at biologY SherlockHolmeswas one of the first detectivesin fiction to make useof forensicmedicine.He was particularly good at identifying footprints at a crime scene'These techniqueswerefairly new when Conan Doyle was writing, but they later formed a key part of actual detectivework I alwaysknew Holmes useda magnifring glassfor finding small piecesof evidencesuchashair or ash,but what amazedmewasthat he also useda microscope'What he didnt usewasphotography,which was commonly usedat the time by the police to record accidentscenesand the facesof criminals - its strangethat Conan Doyle doesnt mention it at all in the stories Conan Doyle usedLondon as a settingfor many of his SherlockHolmesstories,and the way he describesthe city at that time is fantastic.Many modern-dayreaders of his storiesfind it odd that there'sno fog nowadays! This wasa real problem for Londonersuntil the 1950s when the burning of coal was forbidden Writing I assess document without written So,anyquestions? 5conventional increasing equality regardless Grammar 3lwhat since 3As would so like o n little Gerundsor infinitives a b ' c d e f g although impressively accepted psychology r b I D A B F C G Grammar Mixedconditionals a f (third conditional) dtmixed conditional) b (mixed conditional) L e (mixedconditional) c (secondconditiond) a (mixed conditional) Vocabulary Wordformation Vocabulary Wordformation 2lpopularity differences burglary relatively 10 l1 12 Unit 21 Reading Conan Doyle wrote his first set of storiesabout Holmes over a ten-yearperiod After this, he becamemore interestedin writing historicalnovelsrather than detectivefiction and so he killed off SherlockHolmes in a book publishedin 1893.But, in 1901,Conan Doyle gavein to public pressureand wrote somemore books about Holmes If you re a fan of SherlockHolmes,then you can visit an interestingmuseumin London dedicatedto him It is situated at 239 Baker Street.It tries hard to recreate the apartmentthat Holmesand Watsonlived in but, althoughsomedetailslike the violin caseand pipe are accurate,the museumhasbeencriticisedfor displaying the wrong type of furniture You can also find a small exhibition hall and a gift shopthere physical which consists measurable buymg a detectivenovel He suggested I look forward to hearing the resultsof the case Correct The burglar alarm needslooking at Let me give you a descriptionof the mugger Correct I cant afford to take a taxi all the time just to avoid the underground h The tourist was accustomedto driving his car fasterin his country i You arenot allowedto drop litter on the street j I'd like to report a burglary k Correct I existence location successful requirements funding regeneration unlikely reconsidered Unit 22 Vocabulary l l D B C C a b c d e f g h performance- not a musicalinstrument conductor- not playing an instrument rehearsal- not the final performance key - not somethingthat is composed compose- not part of a live performance orchestra- much larger group than the others stage- somethingwithin a physicalspace cello - one instrument as opposedto an orchestra section B D A C Writing C E A F D A A C Listening L C B SCRIPTS A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N G Recording script Sifi Youwill hearpeopletalking in sixdffirent situations.For questions1-6, choosethe bestanswer(A, B or C) Question1 Youheara professionalmusiciantalkingabouthis work Man: I've beena memberof this orchestrafor the last six years- I play the doublebass.In my studentdaysI was a bassguitarist in a band that did coversof all the top songs,but I dont get the chanceto that any more Our pretty tough becausewe a lot of concerts schedule's abroad.When I m not touring, I try to get to a fewjazz gigs,just to seehow my instrumentis being played [The recordingis repeated.] Question2 Youheara man and e t4)omantalkingabouta band Woman: That was a greatconcertwe went to on Saturday I ve just downloadedtheir new album,by the way Man: Haveyou?And is it asgood asthe last one? Woman: Not sureyet - it's very different.There'snothing familiar from their concerteither! The lyrics contain somereallv powerful imasesthoueh, worth listenineto properly Man: Soundslike it will take a bit of time to get into it Can I borrow it sometime? Woman: Yeah,OK [The recordingis repeated.] Question3 Youheara boyand a girl talkingabout theirguitar lessons Boy: How areyou gettingon with your guitar classesthis term? Girl Itt fun We'vegot a new book and the piecesare a lot longer than before,so I'm having to more practice How aboutyou? Boy: Not too good.There aretoo many in our classnow - it usedto be just four, but now, with eight of us, I dorit feelI'm makins asmuch prosresssomehoweven though I loadsofpractice GirL Well you should askto move to our class.You'refree on Wednesdayevenings,arent you? Boy: I am, that'sa good idea,thanks [The recordingis repeated.] Question4 'Youhearpart of a radio interviewwith afemalesinger Man: So you'reableto make a good living from your music,which is fantastic.What part of your work earns you the most, would you say? Woman: Well it usedto be the casethat my recordings brought in a lot, especiallythe onesI did without my backingband,but with so much downloadingand file sharing,that sidehasdroppeda bit A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N GS C R I P T S with the band Man: And how about your live appearances - you play somevery big venues,dont you? Woman: Yes,but when we tour there'snevermuch profit from the ticket salesonceall our expenseshavebeen paid Where I ve beenreally lucky recentlyis being approachedto record a coupleof my own things for TV commercials.and they bring in an absolutefortune! fust singing solo,which I love best [The recordingis repeated.] Question5 Youheara composertalkingabouthis latestwork Man: Itt beena challengeto get the piecefinishedbut I m happy with how it has turned out I hope it will influence the next generationof composers- I seein my own studentsthat they needto think outsidethe box ifthey areto delivertruly modern music.The pieceis going to be performed for the first time next month in New Yorh which is appropriate,asit was the daily noise of the traffic and the crowdstherethat provedto be sucha major contribution to the mood of the piece.The whole useofpercussionand brasscomesfrom that experience, so different from the peacefulfarm where I grew up [The recordingis repeated.] Question6 Youheara man and a woman talkingapout an open-mic ntght Woman: Hi, Chris.I missedthe open-micnight this week - how was it? Man: Great.The houseband wasgood,althoughtheir bass guitaristwasrit up to his usualhigh standard.I think he may havebeenill Woman: Oh dear.And did that Scottishgirl with the electricviolin play again?Herswasthe bestperformance by far last time Man: Sadlynot - she doesnt live in the village, you know The real hishlisht wasthis teenasekid who broueht his keyboardalong.He wasa bit nervousso he just played with the band to begin with, but then they let him two of his own songs.He'sgot a future in music,I'd say Woman: There'reso many talentedmusiciansaround here Man: Yeah.Were very lucky [The recordingis repeated.] Listening Unit 23 Vocabulary Y L B G H T N I N G o ? Z T V U T N K R L H H o S S N o W S o o X U S T o R M A F Z N I t a K o U I L D I D S H o W E R A K E E a I R E D N S F o G" E C A S T A H tR A I N D R o P U R R I C A N E E o H T d storm a hurricanes e raindrops b snow c flash lightning f showers c thunder h forecast I flood(s) Reading a F r c E a b c d e b T d T c T A B D C inside recalling enormous upper sensible/careful f g h i j F A D T O B unlucky complete occasionally positive fueezirg Grammar lwish/ lf only r b c d e f g h i j I hope I will seeyou soon./ I hope to seeyou soon I wish I could go to visit you Correct Correct If only you managedto give up smoking,just think of the money you'd save I hope the weather stays / will stay nice for you Correct I wish I hadn't seenthat film about earthquakes- I cant sleepat night now Correct Davewisheshe knew more about earthquakes Unit 24 Vocabulary Wordformation llcomedians substantial entertainment similar 2rpay 5Products viewers difference endings C A C B A C Recording script ffffi Youwitl hearan interviewwith a comediancalledKate Gordon.Forquestions1-7, choosethe bestanswer(A, B or C) Younow haveoneminute to look at the questions Interviewer: Here with me now is Kate Gordon, who has just won a comedy award at a major festival Kate, what was the award for exactly? Kate: My one-womanstand-upshow!I m delightedasI've neverbeensureI could it, but the festivalaudiences thought otherwise.Up till now, I've usuallybeenpart of something bigger - the radio show was with six talented comedians,and my earlierwork asa TV script-writer alsoinvolveda largeteam Interviewer: And is there anything particularly challengingaboutbeing a femalecomedian? Kate: Well, there are far more guys out there doing shows which could put somewomen off, I suppose,but its neverstoppedme! New venuesareopeningup, too, so it's becominga bit easierto get regularbookingsaround the country Having said that, it wouldnt be a very attractive lifesryle touring or, -y o*ri if and when I have kids! Interviewer: You write most of your own material.Does that sidecome easilyto You? Kate: Definitely not It involves a lot of time and effort It's not possibleto developa seriesof new jokes overnight, and evenwhen I ve written somethingthat'shalf OK' I'll still needto try it out in front of an audiencea couPle of times beforeit's really right And actually'sometimes I'm quite surprisedby the weird senseof humour that peoplehave.They'remore extremethan I am! Interviewer: And where your bestideascomefrom? Kate: For my jokes?They comefrom me, of course! I guessmy recipefor successis to be very nosy - I observeeveryoneI come into contact with, apart from my friends, that is, who would never allow me to get materialfrom their lives!I neverfind stuff on the internet either - it has to come from daily things that are happeningaround me, and I dont miss much! Interviewer: Severalcomedianshavefound successin the cinema.Would that everinterestyou? Kate: Maybe.I'd enjoy the teamworkfor sure,being part of somethingbig It would haveto be the right project though - too many comediansseemto end up with second-ratescripts.which doesrfthelp your career in the long run I think I'd want to havesomecontrol over the writing, evenif I couldnt it myself.And I'd be looking for a young director willing to try things differently bcourt cPaY dnot A N S W E RASN DR E R D T N sGC R r P r s F t Interviewer: Do you everget nervousin front ofan audience? Kate: I'd be lying if I said no! I think it's quite natural to experiencesomeanxiety,but for me, the strangething is that I feelmuch more securein front of a really big audience,evenif it's a massiveone outdoors.While if therere only 40 or so in a tiny club.it's easyto loseyour confidenceif vou catchsomeone's eveat the wrong moment I supposethe easiestplacefor me is the theatre down the road, wheremost peopleknow me Interviewer: Finaily Kate,how would you advisepeopleto get going in comedy? Kate: Well, dont makethe mistakeof just looking at others doins their shows- vouve sot to find out prettvearlv on whethervou canhandledoins a live act,so the wav forwardis to trv an open-micnieht,wherevou set the chanceto a short performancefor real people You won't brilliantly to begin with but if you keep practising,you'll either improve or realisethat it's not for you Interviewer: OK, well thanksvery much Kate Kate:No worries,it wasfun A N S W E R SA N D R E C O R D I N G SCRIPTS Grammar I put up with rather seelive comedythan turn/switch off our computersas/because insistedon knowing the contents had got the sack would rather not stay/wait :Ihe Cambridge English Corpus is a multi-billionword collectionof written and spokenEnglish.lt includesthe Cambrlige Lerner Corpus, a unique bankof examcandidatepapers Our authorsstudy the Corpusto seehow Englishis reallyused,and to identify typical learnermistakes This meansthat Cambridgematerialshelpstudentsto avoid mistakeg and you can be confidotthe language taught is useful,naturaland fully up to date wr.cambddgE.orglcorpus