Adjectives ending ing and ed

Adjectives ending in -ing and -ed A Có nhiều tính từ tận -ing -ed Ví dụ boring bored Hãy xét tình sau; Jane has been doing the same job for a very long time Every day sshe does exactly the same thing again and again She doesn't enjoy it any more and would like to something different Jane làm công việc thời gian dài Mỗi ngày cô làm làm lại công việc Cô không thích công việc muốn làm việc khác Jane’s job is boring Công việc Jane thật nhàm chán Jane is bored (with her job) Jane chán nản (với công việc mình) Ta nói bored có điều (hay đó) boring Hoặc có điều boring, làm cho bạn bored Vậy ta nói: Jane is bored because her job is boring Jane chán công việc cô nhàm chán Jane’s job is boring, so Jane is bored (không nói 'Jane is boring') Công việc Jane nhàm chán, Jane thấy chán nản Nếu người boring, có nghĩa người làm cho người khác bored: George always talks about the same thing He’s really boring George nói việc Cậu thật chán B Hãy so sánh tính từ có đuôi -ing -ed: Bạn nói: My job is boring My job is interesting My job is tiring My job is satisfying My job is depressing Các tính từ đuôi -ing nói với bạn công việc Bạn nói: I’m bored with my job Tôi cảm thấy chán công việc I’m not interested in my job any more Tôi không hứng với công việc I’m always tired when I finish work Tôi thấy mệt mỏi làm xong việc I’m not satisfied with my job Tôi không thỏa mãn với công việc My job makes me depressed Công việc làm cho nản lòng Các tính từ có đuôi -ed cho bạn biết người cảm thấy (về công việc) Hãy so sánh cặp thí dụ sau: Interesting/Interested Julia thinks politics is very interesting Julia cho trị thú vị Julia is very interested in politics Julia quan tâm đến trị Did you meet anyone interesting at the party? Anh có gặp người thú vị bữa tiệc không? Are you interested in buying a car? I’m trying to sell mine Anh có thích mua xe không? Tôi lo bán xe Surprising/Surprised It was quite surprising that he passed the examination Thật đáng ngạc nhiên anh thi đậu Everybody was surprised that he passed the examination Mọi người ngạc nhiên anh thi đậu Disappointing/Disappointing The film was disappointing I expected it to be much better Bộ phim thật thất vọng Tôi nghĩ hay nhiều I was disappointed with the film I expected it to be much better Tôi thất vọng phim Tôi nghĩ hay nhiều Shocking/Shocked The news was shocking Tin tức gây chấn động We were very shocked when we heard the news Chúng sốc nghe tin C Một số ví dụ: SURPRISING/ED AT BORING/ED WITH EXCITED/ING ABOUT SHOCKING/ED AT (BY) INTERESTING/ED IN DISAPPOINTING/ED WITH (IN) SATISFYING/ED WITH WORRYING/WORRIED ABOUT PLEASING/ED WITH EMBARRASSING/ED AMAZING/ED AT ANNOYING/ED WITH (SB), AT/ABOUT (ST) EXHAUSTING/ED DEPRESSING/ED TERRIFYING/TERRIFIED OF HORRIFYING/HORRIFIED OF IRRITATING/ED AMUSING/ED AT ASTONISHING/ED AT (BY) THRILLING/ED FASCINATING/ED CONFUSING/CONFUSED AT (BY) FRIGHTENING/ED OF FORMS OF VERBS To- Infinitive Bare- Infinitive Gerund To- Infinitive or Gerund I/ To- Infinitive: Đi sau tính từ (Adj) phân từ hai ( VpII) : Eg: - I am curious to know the news Adj to verb - It is very easy to learn English Adj to verb - I am allowed to go out tonight VpII to verb Dùng cấu trúc “For somebody to do”: Eg - It is very difficult for me to learn English well - This coffee is warm enough for him to drink Đứng sau từ để hỏi : What, how, who, whom, which, when, where… Eg - I don’t know what to say - She doesn’t know how to cook this food - He doesn’t know where to turn Đứng sau đại từ bất định như: - some (….) : somebody, someone, something, somewhere………… - no (… ): nobody, nothing, nowhere…… - any (….) : anyone, anything, anywhere… Eg - I have nowhere to go out - I give them something to eat - I haven’t any clothes to wear Đóng vai trò ngụ ý mục đích kết “ ( để……………) Eg – I saved money to buy a new car ( Tôi tiết kiệm tiền để mua ô tô mới mục đích việc tiết kiệm tiền) - To live long, you should the exercises regularly ( Để sống lâu, bạn nên tập thể dục thường xuyên.) - I bought meat to eat ( mua thịt để ăn.) Được theo sau số động từ: Agree, decide, afford, hope, pretend, refuse, threaten, want, promise, ask, tend, plan, intend, expect, arrange, offer, manage, learn, seem, appear, prepare, persuade, tobe allowed, would like, would love, would prefer, would hate, invite, tell sb to do, order, beg, fail, attempt, choose, hasten, need (ở câu chủ động), force, get sb to do………………… II Bare- Infinitive: Được theo sau số động từ: Can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, have to, ought to, must, needn’t, let, make, used to, had better (‘d better), would rather (‘d rather) Thể truyền khiến dạng chủ động động: have somebody something ( có làm cho ) eg - I have my mother wash my clothes - She often has me make coffee - He has his wife iron the clothes III Gerund: Làm chủ ngữ câu Eg: - Swimming is my favourite sport - Sleeping is one of my hobbies Đứng sau giới từ: Eg – I’m interested in watching films - She is looking forward to meeting him - We can’t live without eating and drinking - I’m afraid of going out at night Theo sau số động từ cụm từ: Like, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, detest, avoid, risk, can’t bear = can’t stand, waste/ spend time/ money, admit, finish, deny, delay = postpone, appreciate, consider, can’t help, forgive, warn, keep, practice, imagine, miss, quit, give up, mind, tobe worth, feel like, suggest, go on (Ving or to verb ), begin/start (Ving or to verb) … - It’s no good/ no use: Vô ích, vô dụng Have a good time: có thời gian vui vẻ Have a trouble (in): gặp rắc rối Have difficulty (in): Gặp khó khăn Tobe/ get used to: quen dần IV To- Infinitive or Gerund: Remember: a Remember to : hành động tương lai, chưa xảy ( Nhớ phải làm gì) Eg - Please remember to return my book tomorrow - Remember to turn off the light before going out b Remember Ving: Chỉ hành động xảy nhớ lại ( Nhớ đã) Eg: - I remember putting my hat somewhere in this room - I remember locking the door before going out Forget: a Forget to : Chỉ hành động tương lai, chưa xảy ra, ( quên phải làm gì) Eg.- Don’t forget to wake me up - Don’t forget to write letter to me b Forget Ving: Chỉ hành động xảy kể lại ( quên làm gì) Eg - I forgot turning off the light before going out - I forgot shutting the doors before going to the bed Regret: a Regret to do: hành động tương lai, chưa xảy ( tiếc phải làm gì) Eg - Sorry! I regret to tell you about the truth - Sorry, I regret to refuse your invitation b Regret Ving: Chỉ hành động xảy kể lại ( tiếc ) Eg - I regret not meeting you sooner - The scene is beautiful I regret not bring the camera Try: a Try to do: Cố gắng làm Eg.- I try to learn hard so that I can get high marks - I try to go on a diet b Try Ving: Thử làm gì, thí nghiệm, thử nghiệm Eg - I try wearing some shoes but none of them fit me - He tried gardening and keeping pigs but he didn’t succeed Stop: a Stop doing : Dừng làm gì, dừng hẳn việc Eg You should stop smoking b Stop to do: Dừng lại để làm Eg He has worked since the morning, so he stops to take a short rest c Stop doing st to st: Dừng việc làm để làm việc khác Eg The baby woke up so she stopped writing a letter to pick him up Other verbs a Allow Recommend Advise Permit Forbit Request Require Demand Verb-ing Sb + to verb Eg: He doesn’t allow me to smoke in his room Sb to verb He doesn’t allow smoking in his room Ving b see feel watch notice hear catch Verb Ving Eg I saw the thief climb over your wall Climbing WORKSHEET 29 SUBJECT : Adjectives ending –ing or -ed A) Choose the correct form: I enjoyed the book It was very interested / interesting Are you interested / interesting in art? I thought the story was quite amused / amusing They were shocked / shocking when they heard the news We were all very worried / worrying when he didn’t come home It was surprised / surprising that she didn’t come to the meeting I usually find football rather bored / boring Are you frightened / frightening of spiders? B) Complete the sentences Use adjectives formed by adding –ING or –ED to the words in brackets I find it quite ……………………… to talk in front of a group of people (embarrass) I think reading newspapers is ………………………… (depress) I’m ……………………… in all kinds of sport (interest) I find walking in the countryside very ………………………… (relax) I think learning a language is very ……………………… (interest) I get ………………………… when people smoke in restaurants (annoy) I don’t normally get ……………………… when I watch horror films (frighten) I don’t get ……………………… very easily (embarrass) C) Complete the sentences for each situation Use the word given + the ending – ING or - ED: The film wasn’t as good as we had expected (disappoint-) a) The film was ………………………… b) We were ……………………… with the film Diana teaches young children It’s a very hard job but she enjoys it (exhaust-) a) She enjoys her job but it’s often …………………………… b) At the end of a day’s work, she is often ……………………… It’s been raining all day I hate this weather (depress-) a) This weather is ………………………… b) This weather makes me ……………………… c) It’s silly to get …………………………… Clare is going to the United States next month She has never been there before (excit-) a) It will be an ……………………… experience for her b) Going to new places is always …………………………… c) She is really ………………………… about going to the United States D Choose the correct word: I was disappointing / disappointed with the film I had expected it to be better Are you interesting / interested in football? The football match was quite exciting / excited I enjoyed it It’s sometimes embarrassing / embarrassed when you have to ask people for money Do you easily get embarrassing / embarrassed ? I had never expected to get the job I was really amazing / amazed when I was offered it She has really learnt very fast She has made astonishing / astonished progress I didn’t find the situation funny I was not amusing / amused It was a really terrifying / terrified experience Afterwards everybody was very shocking / shocked 10 Why you always look so boring / bored? Is your life really so boring / bored? 11 He’s one of the most boring / bored people I’ve ever met He never stops talking and he never says anything interesting / interested E) Complete the sentences using one of the words in the box: amusing / amused confusing / confused annoying / annoyed disgusting / disgusted boring / bored exciting / excited exhausting / exhausted interesting / interested surprising / surprised He works very hard It’s not …… surprising … that he’s always tired I’ve got nothing to I’m ………………………………… The teacher’s explanation was ……………………… Most of the students didn’t understand it The kitchen hadn’t been cleaned for ages It was really ……………………… I seldom visit art galleries I’m not particularly ………………………… in art There’s no need to get ……………………… just because I’m a few minutes late The lecture was ……………………… I fell asleep I asked Emily if she wanted to come out with us but she wasn’t …………………… I’ve been working very hard all day and now I’m ………………………… 10 I’m starting a new job next week I’m quite ………………………… about it 11 Tom is very good at telling funny stories He can be very ……………………… 12 Liz is a very …………………… person She knows a lot, she’s traveled a lot and she’s done lots of different things ... SURPRISING /ED AT BORING /ED WITH EXCITED /ING ABOUT SHOCKING /ED AT (BY) INTERESTING /ED IN DISAPPOINTING /ED WITH (IN) SATISFYING /ED WITH WORRYING/WORRIED ABOUT PLEASING /ED WITH EMBARRASSING /ED AMAZING /ED. .. AMAZING /ED AT ANNOYING /ED WITH (SB), AT/ABOUT (ST) EXHAUSTING /ED DEPRESSING /ED TERRIFYING/TERRIFIED OF HORRIFYING/HORRIFIED OF IRRITATING /ED AMUSING /ED AT ASTONISHING /ED AT (BY) THRILLING /ED FASCINATING /ED. .. amusing / amused confusing / confused annoying / annoyed disgusting / disgusted boring / bored exciting / excited exhausting / exhausted interesting / interested surprising / surprised He works very