Biology lecture Phylum arthropoda

Phylum Arthropoda Required textbooks: Edward E.Ruppert, Richard S Fox, Robert D Barnes Invertebrate Zoology, Thomson Brooks/Cole Seventh edition, 2004 (Chapter 6, Chapter 7) Jan.A Pechenik, Biology of the Invertebrates, Tufts University, sixth edition, 2010 (Chapter 4) Main contens Introduction Characteristics of Phylum Arthropoda Classification of Phylum Arthropoda Introduction • Phylum Arthropoda is the most extensive phylum in the animal kingdom, composed of more than three-fourths of all known species • Approximately 900,000 species of arthropods have been recorded, and probably at least as many more remain to be classified • Arthropods include spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, crustaceans, millipedes, centipedes, insects, and some others • In addition, there is a rich fossil record extending to the very late Precambrian period Introduction • Few arthropods exceed 60 cm in length, and most are far below this size - the largest, a Japanese crab Macrocheira, spans approximately m - the smallest is a parasitic mite Demodex which is less than 0.1 mm long A new species Barbicambarus simmonsi, found in the Tennessee This species is 1.2 m in length , it’s size double others species Fig Rhoenanthus (Potamanthidus) sapa Nguyen and Bae 2004 , larval habitus Potamanthellus unicutibius Nguyen and Bae, 2003 (1) larval habitus, (2) labrum, (3(3-4) mandibles, (5) hypopharynx, (6) maxilla, (7) labium, (8) foreleg Introduction • Arthropods are usually active animals They utilize all modes of feeding—carnivorous, herbivorous, and omnivorous—although most are herbivorous • Arthropods are widely and densely distributed throughout all regions of the earth • They are found in all types of environment from low ocean depths to very high altitudes, and from the tropics far into both north and south polar regions Order Lepidoptera butterflies and moths Order Diptera - Single pair of wings, membranous and narrow; hindwings reduced to inconspicuous balancers (halteres); - Sucking mouthparts or adapted for sponging, lapping, or piercing; legless larvae - includes crane flies, mosquitos, moth flies, midges, fruit flies, flesh flies, house flies, horse flies, bot files, blow flies, and many others Order Diptera : true flies • • • • Anopheles Anopheles Anopheles stephensiScientific classificationKingdom:Animalia Phylum:Arthropoda Class:Insecta Order:Diptera Superfamily:Culicoidea Family:Culicidae Subfamily:Anophelinae Genus:Anopheles Meigen, 1818Some species The name comes from the Greek αν an meaning not and ωφελής óphelos meaning profit and translates to useless [1] Mosquitoes in other genera (Aedes, Culex) can also serve as vectors of disease agents 103 Musca Musca domestica 104 Drosophila 105 Insects and Human • Beneficial Insects - Some produce useful materials: honey and beeswax from bees, silk from silkworms, and shellac from a wax secreted by lac insects - insects are necessary for the cross-fertilization of many crops - Insects exploit flowers for food, and flowers exploit insects for pollination - Many predaceous insects, such as tiger beetles, aphid lions, ant lions, praying mantids, and lady bird beetles, destroy harmful insects - Parasitoid insects are very important in controlling populations of many harmful insects - Insects serve as an important source of food for many birds, fishes and other animals Colias eurydice Apis mellifera Collecting Honey Qing Dynasty Silk Court-Robe Silkworm Larva and Cocoon Insects and Human Harmful Insects - Harmful insects include those that eat and destroy plants and fruits, such as grasshoppers, chinch bugs, corn borers, boll weevils, grain weevils, and others - Lice, bloodsucking flies, warble flies, bot flies, and many others attack humans or domestic animals or both - Malaria, carried by Anopheles mosquitos, is still one of the world’s major diseases; mosquitos also transmit yellow fever and lymphatic filariasis Japanese Beetles Aphids Insects and Human • Control of Insects Phthiraptera - lice 113 Pediculus 114 Mantodea 115 ...Main contens Introduction Characteristics of Phylum Arthropoda Classification of Phylum Arthropoda Introduction • Phylum Arthropoda is the most extensive phylum in the animal kingdom, composed of... abundance? Classification of Phylum Arthropoda Four Subphylum • Subphylum Trilobitomorpha (Trùng ba thùy) • Subphylum Chelicerata (Có kìm) • Subphylum Crustacea (Giáp xác) • Subphylum Tracheata (Có ống... Characteristics of Phylum Arthropoda Complex muscular system, with exoskeleton for attachment, striated muscles for rapid actions, smooth muscles for visceral organs Characteristics of Phylum Arthropoda