ĐỀ MINH HỌA BÁM SÁT CẤU TRÚC CỦA BỘ GD&ĐT & KIẾN THỨC SGK TIẾNG ANH: LỚP 12 CƠ BẢN Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs
Trang 1ĐỀ MINH HỌA BÁM SÁT CẤU TRÚC CỦA BỘ GD&ĐT & KIẾN THỨC SGK
TIẾNG ANH: LỚP 12 CƠ BẢN
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions
Question 1: A advanced B surprised C composed D weighed
Question 2: A company B comfortable C solution D another
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three
in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions
Question 3: A personality B expedition C pessimistic D discriminate
Question 4: A pleasure B digest C reserve D survive
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
Question 5: The International Organizations are going to be in a temporary way in the country
A. permanent B. guess C. complicated D. soak
Question 6: She was unhappy that she lost contact with a lot of her old friends when she went abroad to
study
A. lost control of B. got in touch with C. put in charge of D. made room for
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
Question 7: The environment is seriously contaminated by human activities
A. filled B. concentrated C. polluted D. occupied
Question 8: It was a delicious dinner and both of them enjoyed it enormously
A very much B quite a bit C little D large
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
Question 9: The man I love most is my dad
Question 10: Miss Hien was late yesterday, _ was unusual for her
Trang 2Question 11: Tom worked very hard, he didn’t pass the exam
A Despite B Although C In spite of D Despite the fact
Question 12: _, the better his results are
A The harder he studies B The more harder he studies
C The more hard-working he studies D The harder he is
Question 13: , he would have passed the entrance exam to Hanoi University
A. If he studied more B. Studying more
C. If he were studying more D. If he had studied more
Question 14: Mary asked me whether I the football match on TV the day before
A. would watch B. had watched C. have watched D. watch
Question 15: Experts suggests that young Asians are not as _ as their American counterparts
A romance B romantic C romancer D romanticize
Question 16: The Wildlife Fund helps to _ endangered species
A. reduce B. produce C. increase D. preserve
Question 17: The computer has had an enormous _ on the way we work
A. alteration B. change C. impression D. influence
Question 18: I have been looking _ this book for months, and at last I have found it
Question 19: I need time to think about job offer you gave me
Question 20: This cold has lasted too long, I feel like I’ll never get it
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges
Question 21: Tom is talking to Mary
Tom: "Sorry, I forgot to phone you last night” – Mary : “ ”
A. I have nothing to tell you B. Oh, Poor me
Question 22: Maria is talking to Mary about her new dress
Maria: "Your hairstyle is terrific, Mary!"
Mary:
A. Thanks, Maria! B. I don't agree C. You shouldn’t say so D. I can't agree more
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair
Trang 3of sentences in the following questions
Question 23: “If I were you, I would rather go by train than by bus.”
A. She said that if she had been me, she would have gone by train than by bus
B. She advised me to go by train rather than by bus
C. She meant going by train was more interesting than going by bus
D. Wherever she went, she always travelled by train
Question 24: Mike wrote the text He selected the illustration as well
A. If Mike had written the text, he would have selected the illustration
B. In order to select the illustration, Mike had to write the text
C. Mike not only wrote the text but also selected the illustration
D. The text Mike wrote was not as good as the illustration he selected
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions
Question 25: He behaved in a very strange way That surprised me a lot
A. What almost surprised me was the strange way he behaved
B. He behaved very strangely, which surprised me very much
C. His behavior was a very strange thing, that surprised me most
D. I was almost not surprised by his strange behavior
Question 26: The last time I saw her was three years ago
A. I saw her three years ago and will never meet her again
B. I have not seen her for three years
C. I have often seen her for the last three years
D. About three years ago, I used to meet her
Question 27: Smoking is an extremely harmful habit You should give it up immediately
A. When you give up smoking immediately, you will affect your health with this harmful habit
B. Stop your smoking immediately so it will become one of your extremely harmful habits
C. You should give up smoking immediately and you will fall into an extremely harmful habit
D. As smoking is an extremely harmful habit, you should give it up immediately
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction
in each of the following questions
Question 28: Every students has to finish all the homework before going to class
Question 29: We’ve got plenty of time We needn’t to leave yet
Trang 4A. plenty B. time C. needn’t to D. yet
Question 30: The less electricity you consume, the higher your bill will be
A. less electricity B. consume C. higher D. will be
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks that follow
Organized football games began in 1863 In football, two (31) _ of eleven players try to kick or head the ball into the goal of the other team The goal keeper, (32) _tries to keep the ball out of the goal, is the only player on the field who can touch the ball with his or her hands The other players must use their feet, heads and bodies to (33) _ the ball Every four years, football teams around the world (34) _ for the World Cup The World Cup competition started in 1930 Brazil is the home of many great football players, including the most famous player of all, Pele’ With his fast dazzling speed, Pele’ played for many years in Brazil and then in New York People in more than 140 countries (35) _ the world play football It is definitely the world’s most popular sport
Question 31: A. champions B. teams C. groups D. players
Question 32: A. that B. whom C. who D. which
Question 33: A. hit B. control C. drive D. watch
Question 34: A. compete B. fight C. play D. battle
Question 35: A. on B. all over C. through D. whole
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
The period from the late 1930s to the middle 1940s is known as the Golden Age of comic books The
modern comic book came about in the early 1930s in the United States as a giveaway premium to promote
the sales of a whole range of household products such as cereal and cleansers The comic books, which
were printed in bright colors to attract the attention of potential customers, proved so popular that some
publishers decided to produce comic books that would come out on a monthly basis and would sell for a dime each Though comic strips had been reproduced in publications prior to this time, the Famous Funnies
comic book, which was started in 1934, marked the first occasion that a serialized book of comics was
attempted
Early comic books reprinted already existing comic strips and comics based on known characters; however, publishers soon began introducing original characters developed specially for comic books Superman was introduced in Action Comics in 1938, and Batman was introduced a year later The tremendous success of these superhero comic books led to the development of numerous comic books on a variety of topics,
Trang 5though superhero comic books predominated Astonishingly, by 1945 approximately 160 different comic books were being published in the United States each month, and 90 percent of U.S children were said to read comic books on a regular basis
(Source: Preparation Course for the Toefl Test)
Question 36: What is the main focus of this passage?
A. The history of comic books B. How to produce comic books
Question 37: The word “premium” is closest in meaning to
A. introduction B. preparation C. publication D. importance
Question 38: The word “potential” is closest in meaning to
A. continuing B. developing C. able D. possible
Question 39: The word “which” in paragraph 1 refers to
C. serialized book of comics D. publications
Question 40: According to paragraph 2, Batman was introduced in
Question 41: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. The modern comic book came about in the early 1930s in the United States
B. The comic books were printed in bright colors
C. Superman was introduced in Action Comics in 1938
D. The Famous Funnies comic book was the first comic strips
Question 42: It is implied in paragraph 2 that it is surprising that
A Comic strips were more popular than comic books
B Superheroes were not too popular
C 90 percent of U.S children did not read comics
D Comic books developed so quickly
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Until recently, most American entrepreneurs were men Discrimination against women in business, the demands of caring for families, and lack of business training had kept the number of women entrepreneurs small Now, however, businesses owned by women account for more than $40 billion in annual revenues, and this figure is likely to continue rising throughout the 1990s As Carolyn Doppelt Gray, an official of the Small Business Administration, has noted, "The 1970s was the decade of women entering management,
Trang 6and the 1980s turned out to be the decade of the woman entrepreneur" What are some of the factors behind this trend? For one thing, as more women earn advanced degrees in business and enter the corporateworld,
they are finding obstacles Women are still excluded from most executive suites Charlotte Taylor, a
management consultant, had noted, "In the 1970s women believed if they got an MBA and worked hard
they could become chairman of the board Now they've found out that isn't going to happen, so they go out
on their own"
In the past, most women entrepreneurs worked in "women's" fields: cosmetics and clothing, for example But this is changing Consider ASK Computer Systems, a $22-million-a-year computer software business
It was founded in 1973 by Sandra Kurtzig, who was then a housewife with degrees in math and engineering When Kurtzig founded the business, her first product was software that let weekly newspapers
keep tabs on their newspaper carriers-and her office was a bedroom at home, with a shoebox under the bedto hold the company's cash After she succeeded with the newspaper software system, she hired several
bright computer-science graduates to develop additional programs When these were marketed and sold, ASK began to grow It now has 200 employees, and Sandra Kurtzig owns $66.9 million of stock
Of course, many women who start their own businesses fail, just as men often do They still face hurdles in
the business world, especially problems in raising money; the banking and finance world is still dominated
by men, and old attitudes die hard Most businesses owned by women are still quite small But the situation
is changing; there are likely to be many more Sandra Kurtzigs in the years ahead
Question 43: What is the main idea of this passage?
A Women are better at small business than men are
B The computer is especially lucrative for women today
C Women today are opening more business of their own
D Women today are better educated than in the past, making them more attractive to the business world
Question 44: in the passage, “that” refers to _
A. Women working hard
B. Women achieving advanced degrees
C. Women believing that business is a place for them
D. a woman becomes chairman of the board
Question 45: According to the passage, Charlotte Taylor believes that women in 1970s
A. were unable to work hard enough to success in business
B. had fewer obstacles in business than they do today
C. were unrealistic about their opportunities in business management
Trang 7D. were still more interested in education than business opportunities
Question 46: The author mentions the “shoesbox under the bed” in the passage in order to
A. show the frugality of women in business
B. show the resourcefulness of Sandra Kurtzig
C. point out that initially the financial resources of Sandra Kurtzig’s business were limited
D. suggest that the company needed to expand
Question 47: The expression “keep tabs on” in the passage is closest meaning to _
A. pay the salaries of B. keep records of
C. provide transportation for D. recognize the appearance of
Question 48: The word “hurdles” in the passage can be best replaced by _
A. fences B. obstacles C. questions D. small groups
Question 49: It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes that business operated by women
are small because _
A. Many women fail at large businesses
B. Women are not able to borrow money easily
C. Women can’t deal with money
D. Women prefer a small intimate setting
Question 50: The author’s attitude about the future of women in business is _
A. skeptical B. optimistic C. frustrated D. negative
Trang 8ĐÁP ÁN & GIẢI THÍCH
ĐỀ MINH HỌA BÁM SÁT CẤU TRÚC CỦA BỘ GD&ĐT & KIẾN THỨC SGK
TIẾNG ANH: LỚP 12 CƠ BẢN
1 A /ədˈvɑːnst/: từ “advance” tận cùng là 1 âm vô thanh /s/ - thêm d ta phát âm “ed” là
âm vô thanh /t/
/səˈpraɪzd/: từ “surprise” tận cùng là 1 âm hữu thanh /z/ - thêm d ta phát âm “ed”
là âm hữu thanh /d/
/kəmˈpəʊzd/: từ “compose” tận cùng là 1 âm hữu thanh /z/ - thêm ed ta phát âm
“ed” là âm hữu thanh /d/
/weɪd/: từ “weigh” tận cùng là 1 âm nguyên âm /ei/ - thêm ed ta phát âm “ed là âm
hữu thanh /d/
2 C /ˈkʌmpəni/:
/ˈkʌmftəbl/
/səˈluːʃn/
/əˈnʌðə(r)/
3 D /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ : Các từ có hậu tố là –ic, ish, ical, sion, tion, ance, ence,
-idle, -ious, -iar, -ience, -id, -eous, -acy, -ian, -ity trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết liền
trước
ˌekspəˈdɪʃn/
/ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/
/dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt/: Những từ có tận cùng là: –graphy, -ate, –gy, -cy, -ity, -phy, -al ->
trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3 từ dưới lên
4 A /ˈpleʒə(r)/: Danh từ có 2 âm tiết trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 1
daɪˈdʒest/: Động từ có 2 âm tiết trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2 /rɪˈzɜːv/
/səˈvaɪv/
5 A Temporary: tạm thời >< permanent: Cố định
6 B Lose contact with sbd: Mất liên lạc với ai>< get in touch with: Giữ liên lạc với ai
7 C Contaminated: bẩn, bị ô nhiễm = polluted: bị ô nhiễm
Trang 98 A Enormously: rất nhiều, vô cùng = very much: rất nhiều:
9 B Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định:
Đại từ quan hệ Whom: thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người đóng vai trò là tân ngữ
trong câu Tôi yêu bố tôi nhất: Bố là tân ngữ: Người đàn ông mà tôi yêu thương nhất là bố của tôi
Whose: đứng trước một danh từ, thay thế cho tính từ sở hữu Who: thay thế cho một danh từ chỉ người làm chủ ngữ Which: thay thế cho một danh từ chỉ vật làm chủ ngữ hay túc từ
10 A Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định
Mệnh đề không xác định là mệnh đề không nhất thiết phải có trong câu, không có
nó câu vẫn đủ nghĩa Nó được sử dụng khi danh từ là danh từ xác định và được ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính bằng một hoặc hai dấu phẩy (,) hay dấu gạch ngang (-)
Câu này dùng which thay thế cho cả mệnh đề phía trước
Cô Hiền hôm qua đi muộn, điều đó với cô ấy là một việc không bình thường (Ý nói hang ngày cô ấy rất đúng giờ, sự việc đi muôn hôm qua là 1 việc khác thường, chắc là vì nguyên nhân gì đó đặc biệt, bất khả kháng.)
11 B Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ
Although = Though = Even Though đi với mệnh đề Despite = In spite of đi với V_ing (nếu hai vế cùng chủ ngữ), hoặc cụm danh từ (tính từ sở hữu + tính từ + danh từ)
The + So sánh hơn + S + V, the + So sánh hơn + S + V: Càng thế này… , càng thế kia…
Hard là trạng từ của hard: chăm chỉ, phải đi với động từ thường Hard-working là tính từ dài thì phải đi với động từ to be
13 D Câu điều kiện loại 3 (Giả định có sự việc đã xảy ra ở Quá khứ):
If + S + had + V(PII), S+ would have + V(PII) Nếu cậu ấy học nhiều hơn, thì cậu ấy đã đỗ kỳ thi vào trường ĐH Hà Nội
(Thực tế cậu ấy đã trượt kỳ thi Đại học vào trường ĐH Hà Nội, lý do là do cậu ấy học không nhiều.)
Trang 1014 B Câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
Chuyển câu trần thuật từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp, lùi thì, đổi các trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian, chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, tính từ sở hữu, đại từ sở hữu
Câu trực tiếp của câu này:
“Did you watch the football match on TV yesterday?”
15 B Ta cần 1 tính từ để hoàn thành câu này, vì có động từ to be: Are, so sánh bằng:
As…as Các chuyên gia cho rằng, giới trẻ người Châu Á không lãng mạn như các bạn trẻ người Mỹ
16 D Ta cần 1 động từ để hoàn thành câu, căn cứ vào nghĩa và sự kết hợp từ:
Preserve endangered species: Bảo vệ các động vật đang bị đe dọa (đang gặp nguy hiểm do săn bắt, giết mổ lấy thịt, da, v.v.)
17 D Cấu trúc hay đi với từ influence”
Sbd/Sth have + A/an + tính từ + influence on sbd/sth: Có ảnh hưởng tới
Các tính từ hay được kết hơp với từ influence là: big, considerable, enormous, great, significant | growing | chief, dominant, major, overwhelming | powerful, profound, strong
To look for sth = seek sth: Tìm kiếm
To look up = check the meanings of a word in a dictionary : tra cứu
To look at = to examine sth closely: nhìn vào
To look over = examine sth quickly: xem lại, nhìn lại (nhanh)
To Look into = Investigate: điều tra
To look after = To take care of: chăm sóc, trông nom
To look forward to doing sth: = to feel happy and excited about something that
is going to happen: Mong đợi, mong chờ
19 B Time: nếu là danh từ không đếm được thì mang nghĩa: Thời gian
Time: nếu là danh từ đếm được thì mang nghĩa: lần Trong câu này ta hiểu ý: Tớ cần thời gian để suy nghĩ về lời mời làm việc của cậu dành cho tớ
Time: là danht từ chung chung, ta không dùng mạo từ Job offer (which) you gave me: Lời mời làm việc mà bạn dành cho tớ: đã xác định,
ta dùng mạo từ the