International business environment and operations 13e pearson chapter 15

International Business Environments and Operations, 13/e Part Global Strategy, Structure, and Implementation 15-1 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 15 The Organization of International Business 15-2 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter Objectives • Profile the evolving understanding of organizing a company for international business • Describe the antecedents and features of traditional structures • Describe the antecedents and features of contemporary structures • Study the systems used to coordinate and control international activities • Profile the role and characteristics of organization culture • Link the ideas of strategy and organization in the international company 15-3 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Organizing Operations Organizing is the process of creating the structure, systems, and culture needed to implement the company’s strategy 15-4 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Factors Affecting Organizing Operations 15-5 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Change: The Critical Factor Changes in the market environment and nature of work push managers to rethink how they organize their workplace • Trends inducing change: – – – – – – – Expansion of International Business Importance of Knowledge as a Competitive Advantage The Internet as a Design Standard Workplace Adjustments Managerial Adjustments Changing Social Contract Global Credit Crunch and Rising Unemployment 15-6 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Organization Structure Structure: formal arrangement of jobs within a company that specifies roles, responsibilities, and relationships • Vertical Differentiation • Horizontal Differentiation 15-7 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Vertical Differentiation • Centralization versus Decentralization in Organizational Design – Centralization: degree to which high-level managers make strategic decisions and delegate them to lower levels for implementation – Decentralization: degree to which lowerlevel managers make and implement strategic decisions 15-8 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Horizontal Differentiation • Functional Structure – Advantages and Disadvantages • Divisional Structure – International Division – Product Division – Geographic Division • Matrix Structure – Unity of Command Principle • Mixed Structure 15-9 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Contemporary Structures • Network Structure • Virtual Organization • Pitfalls of Contemporary Structures 15-10 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Coordination and Control Systems • Approaches to Coordination: – Standardization – Plan – Mutual Adjustment • Control Methods: – Market – Bureaucratic – Clan 15-11 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Control Tools • • • • • Reports Visits to Subsidiaries Cost and Accounting Comparisons Evaluative Metrics Information Systems 15-12 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Organization Culture • The Importance of Culture – Culture and Values – Culture and the Value Chain • Challenges and Pitfalls • Organization Culture and Strategy 15-13 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Future: The Role and Rise of Corporate Universities • Managers believe companies must purposefully develop shared values • Worldwide, more than 1,000 new corporate universities have begun operations • Corporate universities—physical and virtual institutions that: – – – – Lead training efforts Facilitate learning Help upgrade competencies While advocating the philosophical ideals of the company’s culture 15-14 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher Printed in the United States of America 15-15 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall .. .Chapter 15 The Organization of International Business 15- 2 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter Objectives • Profile the evolving understanding of... coordinate and control international activities • Profile the role and characteristics of organization culture • Link the ideas of strategy and organization in the international company 15- 3 Copyright... Importance of Culture – Culture and Values – Culture and the Value Chain • Challenges and Pitfalls • Organization Culture and Strategy 15- 13 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc publishing