Accounting information system an overview 9e bodnar and hopwood 2015 chapter 12

The Revenue Cycle: Sales to Cash Collections Chapter 12 Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc 12-1 Learning Objectives • Describe the basic business activities and related information processing operations performed in the revenue cycle • Discuss the key decisions that need to be made in the revenue cycle, and identify the information needed to make those decisions • Identify major threats in the revenue cycle, and evaluate the adequacy of various control procedures for dealing with those threats Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc 12-2 Basic Revenue Cycle Activities • • • • Sales order entry Shipping Billing Cash Collections Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc 12-3 Sales Order Entry Processing Steps • Take the customer order ▫ • • • Source document: sales order Approve customer credit Check inventory availability Respond to customer inquiries Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc 12-4 Sales Order Entry Processing Threats Controls Incomplete/inaccurate orders Invalid orders Uncollectible accounts Stockouts and excess inventory Loss of customers a Data entry edit controls b Restrict access to master data to maintain accuracy a Signature to authorize sale a Credit limits checked and if sale exceeds limit, specific authorization needed a Perpetual inventory system b RFID or bar code technology Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc c Physical inventory counts 12-5 Shipping Process • Pick and pack the order ▫ • Source documents: picking ticket Ship the order ▫ Source documents: Packing slip, Bill of lading Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc 12-6 Shipping Process Threats Controls Picking wrong item or quantity to ship Theft Fail to ship the goods Ship to wrong address a Bar code technology b Reconcile picking list to sales order a Restrict physical access to inventory b Document inventory transfers c Physical counts of inventory and reconcile to quantities recorded a Reconcile shipping documents to sales orders, picking lists, and packing slips Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc a Data entry edit controls 12-7 Billing Process • Invoicing the customer • Updating accounts receivable ▫ Source document: sales invoice ▫ Source document: credit memo and monthly statements Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc 12-8 Billing Process Threats Controls Failure to bill customer Billing errors Posting errors in accounts receivable Inaccurate or invalid credit memos a Reconcile invoices with sales orders and shipping documents b Separate shipping and billing functions a Data entry edit controls b Configure system for automatically enter price data a Reconcile subsidiary accounts receivable balance to the amount for accounts receivable in the general ledger a Segregation of authorization and Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc recording function for credit memos 12-9 Cash Collection Process • Process customer payment and update their account balance ▫ • Remittance Deposit payments to the bank Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc 12-10 Cash Collection Process Threats Control Theft of cash Cashflow problems a Proper segregation of cash handling and posting to customer accounts, authorize credit memos, or reconcile bank account b Use lockbox c Deposit all cash receipts daily a Lockbox b Discounts for early payment Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc c Cash flow budgeting 12-11 Key Terms • • • • • • • • • • • • Revenue cycle Sales order Electronic data interchange (EDI) Credit limit Accounts receivable aging report Back order Picking ticket Customer relationship management systems (CRM) Packing slip Bill of lading Sales invoice • • • • • • • • • • • • Remittance advice Balance-forward method Monthly statement Cycle billing Credit memo Remittance list Lockbox Electronic lockbox Electronic funds transfer (EFT) Financial electronic data interchange (FEDI) Universal payment identification code (UPIC) Cash flow budget Open-invoice method Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc 12-12 ... authorization and Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc recording function for credit memos 12- 9 Cash Collection Process • Process customer payment and update their account balance ▫ • Remittance Deposit... inventory transfers c Physical counts of inventory and reconcile to quantities recorded a Reconcile shipping documents to sales orders, picking lists, and packing slips Copyright © 2015 Pearson... payments to the bank Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc 12- 10 Cash Collection Process Threats Control Theft of cash Cashflow problems a Proper segregation of cash handling and posting to customer