Grammar Practice Book Teacher Edition Grade Visit The Learning Site! www.harcourtschool.com Copyright © by Harcourt, Inc All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be addressed to School Permissions and Copyrights, Harcourt, Inc., 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, Florida 32887-6777 Fax: 407-345-2418 HARCOURT and the Harcourt Logo are trademarks of Harcourt, Inc., registered in the United States of America and/or other jurisdictions Printed in the United States of America ISBN 10 0-15-349916-8 ISBN 13 978-0-15-3499166 10 073 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Harcourt School Publishers retains title to the materials and they may not be resold Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited and is illegal Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format RXENL08ATE31_GPB_i.indd 10/26/06 5:16:20 PM Contents T HEME Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson Statements and Questions Commands and Exclamations Complete and Simple Subjects and Predicates Compound Subjects and Predicates Review 11 T HEME Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson 10 Simple and Compound Sentences 12 Common and Proper Nouns 14 Abbreviations 16 Singular and Plural Nouns 18 Review 20 T HEME Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson 11 12 13 14 15 Possessive Nouns 21 Singular and Plural Pronouns 23 Subject and Object Pronouns 25 Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement 27 Review 29 T HEME Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson 16 17 18 19 20 Adjectives 30 Adjectives That Compare 32 Articles 34 Action Verbs 36 Review 38 T HEME 21 22 23 24 25 The Verb Be 39 Main and Helping Verbs 41 Present-Tense Verbs 43 Past-Tense and Future-Tense Verbs 45 Review 47 T HEME Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson 26 27 28 29 30 RXENL08ATE31_GPB_ii.indd ii Irregular Verbs 48 Adverbs 50 Contractions 52 Punctuation 54 Review 56 © Harcourt • Grade Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson Lesson 10/26/06 5:17:35 PM RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd Student Edition p 10/4/06 9:18:24 PM © Harcourt • Grade RXENL08AWK31_GPB_001.indd 1 He welcomes the new children 10 He the welcomes children new Mr Jackson teaches third grade teaches Mr Jackson third grade She likes to dance she likes dance to She lives near the park lives she near park the She is good at science science she good is at Andrea is from London from London is Andrea He plays the flute flute the he plays He enjoys math math he enjoys He is a new student he a student new is Vaughn lives on Maple Street Vaughn on Maple Street lives Rewrite each group of words to form a statement that makes sense Use capital letters and end marks correctly Name 8/10/06 6:33:29 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Lesson Statements and Questions RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd Student Edition pp 2–3 10/4/06 9:18:25 PM RXENL08AWK31_GPB_002.indd © Harcourt • Grade Where does she want to go? She wants to go to the store (Where) When does she meet you? She meets me after school (When) Why does she copy everything you do? She copies everything I (Why) What is your little sister’s name? My little sister’s name is Sara (What) Which sentence should end with a question mark? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence does not tell a complete thought? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence In which sentence are the words in an order that does not make sense? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Lesson Grammar–Writing Connection 8/15/06 10:05:00 AM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which word would make sense in the blank in Sentence 6? A Why B But C Do D Where Which word in Sentence should be capitalized? A is B it C way D fun Which sentence is missing a period? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence (1) I to like skip (2) Why I skip (3) it is more fun than walking (4) I skip all the way to school (5) With my friends at recess (6) you like to skip, too? Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 8/15/06 10:04:42RXENL08AWK31_GPB_003.indd AM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book are shown Lesson Statements and Questions Turn each statement into a question Use the word in parentheses ( ) as the first word Possible responses Where does he play? play he does where Can he read? he read can Does he go to school? he to school go does What is his name? what his name is Do you have a brother? you a brother have Rewrite each group of words to form a question that makes sense Use capital letters and end marks correctly Name RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd Student Edition pp 4–5 10/4/06 9:18:27 PM question ? statement RXENL08AWK31_GPB_004.indd Can you play football? 10 you can football play (question) Kurt can play softball can Kurt play softball (statement) Willow throws the ball Willow ball the throws (statement) Do you walk to school? walk you to school (question) I go to the park to the park I go (statement) Lesson Statements and Questions Lesson Commands and Exclamations Look at the pretty cover.; command 10 look at the pretty cover Hurray, here it is!; exclamation hurray, here it is Wow, it is a mess in here!; exclamation wow, it is a mess in here Search in the living room.; command search in the living room Help me find it.; command help me find it Oops, I lost the book!; exclamation oops, I lost the book Let your brother read.; command let your brother read 8/10/06 6:34:19 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book How excited I am to read his new story!; exclamation how excited I am to read his new story What a great author he is!; exclamation what a great author he is Give the book to Violet.; command give the book to Violet Rewrite each sentence, using capital letters and end marks correctly Then label each as a command or an exclamation Name 8/15/06 10:05:24RXENL08AWK31_GPB_005.indd AM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Rewrite each group of words to form a statement or a question Put the words in an order that makes sense Use capital letters and end marks correctly We play in the grass question statement ? question ? Do you know Mr Wang When does Anita run I not like to jump Where is the teacher Add the correct end mark to each sentence Then label each as a statement or a question Name © Harcourt • Grade RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd Student Edition pp 6–7 10/4/06 9:18:29 PM Lesson Commands and Exclamations things Cathy RXENL08AWK31_GPB_006.indd © Harcourt • Grade Think about the things Cathy does a command Wow, Cathy does some exciting things! an exclamation These are the things Cathy does a statement What are the things Cathy does? a question the Which end mark should Sentence have? A a period B a comma C a question mark D an exclamation point Which sentence should end with a question mark? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence should end with an exclamation point? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Lesson Grammar–Writing Connection 9/18/06 6:25:39 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which sentence is correct? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence is not complete? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which end mark should end Sentence have? A a period B a comma C a question mark D an exclamation point (1) Wow, today was an exciting day (2) What an interesting time we had (3) A firefighter visited our school (4) Our teacher how to prepare (5) She told us to think of questions to ask the firefighter (6) What question you think I asked Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 9/18/06 6:25:18RXENL08AWK31_GPB_007.indd PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book does Add words and end marks to make four kinds of sentences out of the words in the box Possible responses are shown What a good writer Cathy is!; exclamation what a good writer Cathy is What does she write about?; question what does she write about Read Cathy’s story.; command read Cathy’s story Cathy wants to be a writer.; statement Cathy wants to be a writer Rewrite each sentence, using capital letters and end marks correctly Then label each as a statement, a question, a command, or an exclamation Name RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd Student Edition pp 8–9 10/4/06 9:18:30 PM ? ! not a sentence ! Lesson Commands and Exclamations brown eyes to school a nice day it is! RXENL08AWK31_GPB_008.indd What are you doing? 10 a question What an exclamation Go a command You have a statement Lesson Complete and Simple Subjects and Predicates 8/10/06 6:37:05 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Choose four sentences from a book or magazine Write the sentences Underline the simple subjects Accept reasonable responses painted pictures The little girl painted pictures helped my brother Dad helped my brother worked on Sundays The high school student worked on Sundays enjoyed college Leroy enjoyed college went to school I went to school studied dance His older sister studied dance rode the bus to school He rode the bus to school learned at home My good friend learned at home went to boarding school Lisa went to boarding school Underline the simple subject Write the predicate Name 8/10/06 6:35:56RXENL08AWK31_GPB_009.indd PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Add words and end marks to make four kinds of sentences Each sentence is started for you Possible responses are shown Wow, it’s exciting Read his latest book Things that he can write about How I help him How he loves to write My father is an author If the sentence is complete, add a correct end mark If the sentence is not complete, write not a sentence Possible responses are shown Name © Harcourt • Grade RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd Student Edition pp 10–11 10/4/06 9:18:32 PM RXENL08AWK31_GPB_010.indd 10 © Harcourt • Grade practices 10 Valerie practices the trumpet enjoys 10 Everyone enjoys the class trip use Some students use a computer read The children read quietly clean The boys clean their desks plans The teacher plans her lesson carefully wears My cousin wears a uniform to school studies Jamil studies French every day is Science is my favorite subject likes Hannah likes math Underline the complete predicate Write the simple predicate Name Which is the complete subject of Sentence 4? A The young children B children C children learn D learn Which sentence does not have a correct predicate? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which is the complete predicate of Sentence 1? A is B five years old C My little brother D is five years old Which is the simple subject of Sentence 2? A He goes B to kindergarten C He D goes 8/15/06 10:06:45 AM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which is the simple predicate of Sentence 2? A He B goes C goes to kindergarten D to kindergarten Lesson Grammar–Writing Connection Which is the complete subject of Sentence 1? A My little B brother C My little brother D is five years old 11 (1) My little brother is five years old (2) He goes to kindergarten (3) Kindergarten fun (4) The young children learn with toys and games Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 8/10/06 6:37:57RXENL08AWK31_GPB_011.indd PM 11 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Lesson Complete and Simple Subjects and Predicates RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd Student Edition pp 12–13 10/4/06 9:18:33 PM The new house Some dancers The little girl The hungry children Three boys The good student was made of brick performed on stage took a nap ate lunch played outside went to school RXENL08AWK31_GPB_012.indd 12 12 closed her eyes was on the corner 12 The tired baby 11 The school helped me study walked to the store 10 My mother He jumped up and down came to our classroom The excited children An art teacher Lesson Compound Subjects and Predicates 13 9/18/06 6:25:59 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Mr Han’s students talked and made plans Mr Han’s students talked Mr Han’s students made plans They played together and won trophies They played together They won trophies Carmen and her cousin loved soccer Carmen loved soccer Her cousin loved soccer My uncle went to school and learned to cook My uncle went to school My uncle learned to cook They wrote in their notebooks and studied with a teacher They wrote in their notebooks They studied with a teacher Michelle and Diego wanted to write poems Michelle wanted to write poems Diego wanted to write poems Music and laughter filled the room Music filled the room Laughter filled the room The children worked hard and practiced every day The children worked hard The children practiced every day Juan and his sister played the piano Juan played the piano His sister played the piano Rewrite each pair of sentences as one sentence Draw one line under each compound subject and two lines under each compound predicate Name 8/10/06 6:40:13RXENL08AWK31_GPB_013.indd PM 13 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Possible responses are shown Lesson Complete and Simple Subjects and Predicates Add a complete predicate to each subject Then underline the simple predicate Possible responses are shown Add a complete subject to each predicate Then underline the simple subject Name © Harcourt • Grade 10 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 10 Student Edition pp 14–15 10/4/06 9:18:35 PM Lesson Compound Subjects and Predicates RXENL08AWK31_GPB_014.indd 14 © Harcourt • Grade 14 stood up, clapped, and cheered The audience stood up clapped and cheered Lesson Grammar-Writing Connection Which sentences could be joined to make one sentence with a compound subject? A Sentences and B Sentences and C Sentences and D Sentences and Which sentence needs commas to separate the compound predicates? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a compound subject? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence 15 8/15/06 10:08:08 AM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which of these possible final sentences has a compound subject? A Their dream came true B The sisters and their parents had a dream that came true C They healed and cured D People admired them Which of these sentences does not have a compound subject or a compound predicate? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a compound predicate that is written correctly? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence (1) Madeline and Ella were sisters (2) They wanted to be doctors when they grew up (3) Their mother shared their goal (4) Their father shared their goal (5) The girls worked hard and got good grades (6) They got into a special school succeeded and became doctors Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 8/10/06 6:41:42RXENL08AWK31_GPB_015.indd PM 15 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book played a solo, bowed, and smiled at the audience He played a solo bowed and smiled at the audience lay down, fell asleep, and dreamed he was a musician He lay down fell asleep and dreamed he was a musician went home, changed into pajamas, and climbed into bed Ravi went home changed into pajamas and climbed into bed Write the compound predicate of each sentence Add commas where they belong A tall woman, a short man, and a child A tall woman a short man and a child left the hall first The drums, cymbals, and gong The drums cymbals and gong played an exciting ending The violins, cellos, and flutes The violins cellos and flutes sounded beautiful Ravi’s teacher, his neighbor, and his friend Ravi’s teacher his neighbor and his friend were in the audience Ravi, his grandmother, and his grandfather Ravi his grandmother and his grandfather went to the school concert Write the compound subject of each sentence Add commas where they belong Name 43 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 43 Student Edition pp 80–81 10/4/06 9:19:18 PM Lesson 22 Main and Helping Verbs RXENL08AWK31_GPB_080.indd 80 80 She enjoys the salad 10 She (enjoy) the salad A friend eats with us A friend (eat) with us 81 I make a salad for dinner I (make) a salad for dinner He slices them into small pieces He (slice) them into small pieces My father washes the tomatoes My father (wash) the tomatoes My mother carries them inside My mother (carry) them inside My brother picks tomatoes My brother (pick) tomatoes We work together in the garden We (work) together in the garden My sister plants carrot seeds My sister (plant) carrot seeds I help my family I (help) my family Rewrite each sentence Use the correct present-tense form of the verb in parentheses ( ) Name 8/29/06 7:02:16RXENL08AWK31_GPB_081.indd PM 81 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book The librarian has found a great book about butterflies The librarian found a great book about butterflies Butterflies will fly only when they are warm Butterflies fly only when they are warm That butterfly has laid 400 eggs That butterfly laid 400 eggs A butterfly has landed on that leaf A butterfly landed on that leaf Butterflies can see red, yellow, and green Butterflies see red, yellow, and green We should go to the library We go to the library We will learn about bats We learn about bats I have never studied mammals I never studied mammals Rewrite the sentences Add a helping verb to each one Possible responses are shown Name © Harcourt • Grade 8/29/06 7:03:22 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Lesson 23 Present-Tense Verbs 44 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 44 Student Edition pp 82–83 10/4/06 9:19:19 PM make, S plan, P runs, S put, P hears, S eat, P Lesson 23 Present-Tense Verbs RXENL08AWK31_GPB_082.indd 82 © Harcourt • Grade We enjoy the story 12 We (enjoy) the story He writes a fairy tale 11 He (write) a fairy tale 82 The prince marries the princess 10 The prince (marry) the princess Leah likes this book Leah (like) this book Lesson 23 Grammar–Writing Connection Which sentence has a plural subject and a correct present-tense verb? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a singular subject and an incorrect present-tense verb? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a singular subject and a correct present-tense verb? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence 83 8/29/06 7:04:45 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which subject could fill in the blank in Sentence 6? A He B We C He and his friends D My brother’s friends Which is a present-tense verb that could fill in the blank in Sentence 5? A eating B eat C eats D ate Which sentence has a plural subject and an incorrect present-tense verb? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence (1) My father and I make a cake for my brother’s birthday (2) I mix the ingredients (3) My father bake the cake in the oven (4) We ices it together (5) My brother the cake at his party (6) loves it Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 8/29/06 7:04:09RXENL08AWK31_GPB_083.indd PM 83 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Rewrite each sentence Use the correct present-tense form of the verb in parentheses ( ) She runs home They put the food away Teresa hears thunder The children eat under a tree fixes, S breaks, S Lila fixes it with glue A dish breaks I make sandwiches We plan a picnic Write the verb in each sentence Then write S if the subject is singular or P if the subject is plural Name 45 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 45 Student Edition pp 84–85 10/4/06 9:19:20 PM My brothers like math Glenda likes math (My brothers) RXENL08AWK31_GPB_084.indd 84 We open the front door 84 Our mother opens the front door (We) They hurry home from school We hurry home from school (They) The princess meets a prince The princesses meet a prince (The princess) He prefers true stories She prefers true stories (He) You like stories about animals We like stories about animals (You) Two students win the contest One student wins the contest (Two students) A teacher judges the contest The teachers judge the contest (A teacher) George enters a writing contest I enter a writing contest (George) Example: Rewrite each sentence correctly, using the subject in parentheses ( ) Be sure that the verb in your sentence agrees with its new subject Name © Harcourt • Grade will ask; future 10 I will ask my mother for help learns; present 85 My sister learns Spanish in high school named; past The children named three kinds of plants tried; past We tried the science experiment at home draws; present Jason draws a picture in art class will read; future Students will read their reports aloud carried; past You carried a dictionary to school assigned; past The teacher assigned five math problems will write; future Simon will write an essay next week finishes; present Jen finishes her homework quickly Write the verb in each sentence Then label it as present, past, or future tense Name 8/29/06 7:06:33RXENL08AWK31_GPB_085.indd PM 85 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Lesson 23 Present-Tense Verbs 8/29/06 7:07:36 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Lesson 24 Past-Tense and Future-Tense Verbs 46 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 46 Student Edition pp 86–87 10/4/06 9:19:21 PM Lesson 24 Past-Tense and Future-Tense Verbs RXENL08AWK31_GPB_086.indd 86 © Harcourt • Grade 86 We will watch a movie later watch My mother will hurry home hurry Melissa will play with her friend play I will run in the park run Possible responses are shown Lesson 24 Grammar–Writing Connection Which sentence does NOT have a present-tense verb? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which verb needs the helping verb will to make it a correct future-tense verb? A take (Sentence 2) B clears (Sentence 3) C smiles (Sentence 5) D worked (Sentence 6) Which verb form BEST completes Sentence 1? A study B will study C studied D studies 87 8/29/06 7:09:03 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which sentence has a correct future-tense verb? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a correct past-tense verb? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has two correct present-tense verbs? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence (1) Paul all week for today’s math test (2) Soon he take the test (3) He clears his desk (4) His teacher hands him the test sheet (5) She smiles and says “Good luck.” (6) Paul worked hard, and he will well on the test Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 8/29/06 7:08:40RXENL08AWK31_GPB_087.indd PM 87 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Write a sentence that uses the future-tense form of the verb She will feel much better tomorrow She (feel) much better tomorrow The doctor will give her some medicine The doctor (give) her some medicine She will go to the doctor later She (go) to the doctor later Yolanda will stay home from school today Yolanda (stay) home from school today Rewrite each sentence Use the future-tense form of the verb in parentheses ( ) Name 47 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 47 Student Edition pp 88–89 10/4/06 9:19:22 PM RXENL08AWK31_GPB_088.indd 88 88 Misha practiced the flute Misha practices the flute (past) You will solve the math problem You solved the math problem (future) We played outside during recess We play outside during recess (past) Tim hurries to school Tim will hurry to school (present) Mr Green will score the test Mr Green scores the test (future) Many students enjoy music class Many students enjoyed music class (present) The teacher talked about the report The teacher will talk about the report (past) The children studied quietly The children study quietly (past) Underline the verb in each sentence Then rewrite the sentence in the tense shown in parentheses ( ) Name © Harcourt • Grade Lesson 25 Grammar–Writing Connection Which sentence has a form of the verb be that does not agree with the subject? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a plural subject and the correct form of the verb be? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a singular subject and the correct form of the verb be? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence 89 8/29/06 7:29:00 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which other helping verb could replace will in Sentence 6? A had B can C have D were Which helping verb could complete Sentence 4? A have B had C can D is Which helping verb should go before the main verb in Sentence 1? A have B will C can D are (1) Mia and Simon writing a story (2) The story are about a robot (3) The robot is funny (4) It say all sorts of things (5) The children are excited (6) They will show the story to their teacher Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 8/29/06 7:10:12RXENL08AWK31_GPB_089.indd PM 89 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Lesson 24 Past-Tense and Future-Tense Verbs 48 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 48 Student Edition pp 90–91 10/4/06 9:19:23 PM Lesson 25 Grammar–Writing Connection RXENL08AWK31_GPB_090.indd 90 © Harcourt • Grade are shown a spider yesterday (see—past tense) a pet spider (have—past tense) that he likes spiders (say—present tense) several things to catch insects (do—present tense) to the spider’s web (come—present tense) (have—present tense) a sticky web 91 8/29/06 7:11:53 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book (do—past tense) its work quickly The spider did its work quickly The spider That spider has a sticky web That spider A fly comes to the spider’s web A fly A spider does several things to catch insects A spider Zack says that he likes spiders Zack Shondra had a pet spider Shondra Lesson 26 Irregular Verbs home to its web (go—past tense) The spider went home to its web The spider I saw a spider yesterday I Rewrite each sentence Use the verb and tense shown in parentheses ( ) Possible reponses Name 8/29/06 7:10:52RXENL08AWK31_GPB_091.indd PM 91 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which is the past-tense form of the verb in Sentence 4? A learn B learns C can learn D learned Which sentence has an incorrect form of a future-tense verb? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence 90 Which is the future-tense form of the verb in Sentence 1? A love B will love C will loves D loved Which verb should end with an s? A looked (Sentence 2) B read (Sentence 3) C learn (Sentence 4) D become (Sentence 6) Which sentence has a correct present-tense verb? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a correct past-tense verb? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence (1) William loves space (2) He looked at pictures of the sun and moon when he was younger (3) Now he read books about the solar system (4) He will learn about the planets (5) He will studies space travel (6) One day he will become an astronaut Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 49 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 49 Student Edition pp 92–93 10/4/06 9:19:25 PM Lesson 26 Irregular Verbs in the sun all afternoon (lie) early for school (rise) the eggs on the table (set) RXENL08AWK31_GPB_092.indd 92 92 many eggs (lay) The hen laid many eggs The hen You set the eggs on the table You The children rose early for school The children Gwen lay in the sun all afternoon Gwen Lesson 26 Grammar–Writing Connection Which is a correct past-tense verb to replace the underlined verb in Sentence 5? A says B sayed C said D saying Which is the present-tense form of the verb saw in Sentence 4? A did seen B had seen C had see D sees Which verb form could go in the blank in Sentence 2? A lays B laid C lain D lay 93 8/29/06 7:13:11 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which verb form could go in the blank in Sentence 6? A rise B rose C raise D raised Which are the present-tense forms of the verbs in Sentence 3? A watches, come B did watch, had come C had watched, had come D will watch, will come Which verb needs the helping verb had before it? A risen (Sentence 1) B saw (Sentence 4) C drink (Sentence 4) D scare (Sentence 5) (1) The sun risen, and it was a beautiful morning (2) Nathan in the grass (3) He watched as three deer came to the river (4) Nathan saw the deer drink (5) He say nothing, because he did not want to scare them (6) When the deer had finished drinking, Nathan to his feet and walked quietly home Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 8/29/06 7:12:54RXENL08AWK31_GPB_093.indd PM 93 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Rewrite each sentence Use the past-tense form of the verb shown in parentheses ( ) We sit together under an apple tree We (sit, set) together under an apple tree He lays a blanket over the horse He (lies, lays) a blanket over the horse The farmer sets her bucket on a stool The farmer (sits, sets) her bucket on a stool The sun rises over the field The sun (rises, raises) over the field The tired pig lies in the grass The tired pig (lies, lays) in the grass Rewrite each sentence, using the correct present-tense verb in parentheses ( ) Name © Harcourt • Grade 50 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 50 Student Edition pp 94–95 10/4/06 9:19:26 PM Lesson 26 Irregular Verbs RXENL08AWK31_GPB_094.indd 94 © Harcourt • Grade 94 We see many animals on the farm outside, where together, how underground, where 95 8/29/06 7:14:44 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Write three sentences about your day at school Use an adverb in each sentence One adverb should tell how, one should tell where, and one should tell when Accept reasonable responses 12 Those ants live underground always, when carefully, how Now, when 10 Worker ants always care for their queen The ants carefully carry a bread crumb 11 Now the ants walk in a line Adverbs Lesson 27 everywhere, where slowly, how here, where Soon, when gently, how earlier, when Wow, those ants go everywhere! The big ant moves slowly Some ants left a trail here Soon the ants will dig a nest You touched one ant gently I observed ants earlier We saw an ant hill outside Ants work together in colonies Write the adverb in each sentence Then write whether it tells how, where, or when Name 8/29/06 7:14:23RXENL08AWK31_GPB_095.indd PM 95 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book We saw many animals on the farm (present tense) The neighbors raise their new flag The neighbors raised their new flag (present tense) He said “giddyup” to the horse He will say “giddyup” to the horse (past tense) Her brother came home from school Her brother comes home from school (past tense) She sat at the kitchen table She sits at the kitchen table (past tense) The farmer’s daughter does her chores The farmer’s daughter had done her chores (present tense) I had two books on spiders I have two books on spiders (past tense) The spider lays eggs The spider laid eggs (present tense) Rewrite each sentence, using the verb tense in parentheses ( ) Name 51 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 51 Student Edition pp 96–97 10/4/06 9:19:27 PM Lesson 27 Adverbs beautifully of all the birds silently than an elephant often than the camel happily of all RXENL08AWK31_GPB_096.indd 96 96 Lesson 27 Grammar–Writing Connection Which sentence has an adverb that tells where? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has an adverb that tells how? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which word does the adverb in Sentence describe? A I B like C science D work 97 8/29/06 7:15:55 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which form of an adverb could go in the blank in Sentence 5? A quick B quickly C most quickly D more quickly Which form of an adverb could go in the blank in Sentence 4? A fast B faster C more faster D fastest Which sentence does NOT have an adverb that tells when? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence (1) I like science, and I work hard (2) Yesterday I read about spiders (3) Today I studied the planets (4) I learned that Earth spins than Mercury (5) I also learned that Mercury moves around the sun the of all the planets (6) I will visit a science museum soon, and I will learn more there Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 8/29/06 7:15:35RXENL08AWK31_GPB_097.indd PM 97 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book My dog wags its tail the most happily of all My dog wags its tail The horse drinks more often than the camel The horse drinks A tiger moves more silently than an elephant A tiger moves The nightingale sings the most beautifully of all the birds The nightingale sings Rewrite each sentence Add more or the most before the adverb These birds will fly south sooner than those birds These birds will fly south (soon) than those birds That dolphin jumps the highest of all That dolphin jumps the (high) of all The shark swims faster than the fish The shark swims (fast) than the fish Which butterfly flies the lowest? Which butterfly flies the (low)? This ant works harder than that ant This ant works (hard) than that ant Rewrite each sentence Use the correct comparative form of the adverb in parentheses ( ) Name © Harcourt • Grade 52 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 52 Student Edition pp 98–99 10/4/06 9:19:28 PM (Where?) RXENL08AWK31_GPB_098.indd 98 © Harcourt • Grade 98 Now you will learn about the sun 99 We shouldn’t eat too much cake 10 We should not eat too much cake My father couldn’t come to the contest My father could not come to the contest They’re eager to taste my cookies They are eager to taste my cookies The judges weren’t in the room The judges were not in the room They hadn’t entered the contest They had not entered the contest My brothers aren’t baking anything My brothers are not baking anything You’re bringing two pies You are bringing two pies Lesson 28 Contractions 8/29/06 7:30:02 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Some children didn’t know about the contest Some children did not know about the contest I’m going to be in a baking contest I am going to be in a baking contest It’s an exciting day It is an exciting day Rewrite each sentence Replace the underlined words with a contraction Name 8/29/06 7:17:08RXENL08AWK31_GPB_099.indd PM 99 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book you will learn about the sun (When?) I put my report there I put my report than that spider (How?) This spider crawls more quickly than that spider This spider crawls Possible responses are shown Rewrite each sentence Complete it with an adverb that answers the question in parentheses ( ) more softly, speak Adverbs Lesson 27 I speak more softly than the other students at the library the longest, studied Of all the students, Evan studied the longest Tomorrow, learn (will learn) Tomorrow we will learn about insects excitedly, talks My teacher talks excitedly about science Write the adverb in each sentence Then write the verb that it describes Name 53 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 53 Student Edition pp 100–101 10/4/06 9:19:29 PM Lesson 28 Contractions RXENL08AWK31_GPB_100.indd 100 100 No one said anything about cleaning up Lesson 28 Grammar–Writing Connection Which sentence does NOT have two words that could form a contraction? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a contraction that is formed with the word not? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a contraction that is formed with a pronoun? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence 101 9/18/06 6:28:07 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which sentence has an error in it? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence 5 Which is a correct contraction that could go in the blank in Sentence 6? A He’s B Hes’ C He’d D He’re In which sentence could you form a contraction that includes a subject pronoun? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence (1) Maria is not going to give up! (2) She is making an electric buzzer for her science project (3) She has not ever made one before, but her teacher showed her how (4) Now Maria doesn’t even need no help (5) Maria’s teacher smiles at her (6) glad that she’s in his class Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 8/29/06 7:18:26RXENL08AWK31_GPB_101.indd PM 101 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book 10 No one said (nothing, anything) about cleaning up Those children never enter any contests Those children never enter (any, no) contests Isn’t anyone in the classroom? Isn’t (no one, anyone) in the classroom? Carlos won’t go anywhere without a notebook Carlos won’t go (anywhere, nowhere) without a notebook Laurie wouldn’t tell her friends either Laurie wouldn’t tell her friends (neither, either) We haven’t told anybody about the contest We haven’t told (anybody, nobody) about the contest My sister doesn’t have any either My sister doesn’t have (none, any) either My brother hasn’t won any science prizes yet My brother hasn’t won (any, no) science prizes yet I don’t know anything about them I don’t know (nothing, anything) about them You hadn’t ever told me about volcanoes You hadn’t (ever, never) told me about volcanoes Rewrite each sentence, using the correct word(s) in parentheses ( ) Name © Harcourt • Grade 54 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 54 Student Edition pp 102–103 10/4/06 9:19:30 PM Lesson 28 Contractions RXENL08AWK31_GPB_102.indd 102 © Harcourt • Grade 102 There wasn’t anybody in the cafeteria There wasn’t nobody in the cafeteria I don’t see my teacher anywhere Lesson 29 Punctuation 103 8/29/06 7:30:39 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Students can watch a short movie, or they can read quietly 10 students can watch a short movie or they can read quietly She reads books, looks at pictures, and asks questions she reads books looks at pictures and asks questions Karen learns about the planets at Lincoln Elementary School karen learns about the planets at lincoln elementary school I lie in the grass, close my eyes, and listen i lie in the grass close my eyes and listen The sky is bright with fireworks on Independence Day the sky is bright with fireworks on independence day On Monday we look at Jupiter, but on Tuesday we look at Saturn on monday we look at jupiter but on tuesday we look at saturn Mrs Morgan helps us point the telescope toward Mars mrs morgan helps us point the telescope toward mars There is a telescope at school, and I can use it there is a telescope at school and i can use it We sit outside in June, July, and August we sit outside in june july and august My father, my sister, and I watch the stars every night my father my sister and i watch the stars every night Rewrite each sentence Use capital letters and commas correctly Name 8/29/06 7:19:59RXENL08AWK31_GPB_103.indd PM 103 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book A possible response is shown I don’t see my teacher nowhere correct Wouldn’t you like any help? If the sentence is correct, write correct If it is not, rewrite it correctly It is not clear that he is the winner It isn’t clear that he’s the winner I am glad that you did not stay home I’m glad that you didn’t stay home She is worried that we have not arrived She’s worried that we haven’t arrived Alice does not see that we are waving Alice doesn’t see that we’re waving Rewrite each sentence Replace each contraction with the words used to form it Name 55 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 55 Student Edition pp 104–105 10/4/06 9:19:32 PM Lesson 29 Punctuation RXENL08AWK31_GPB_104.indd 104 104 Lesson 29 Grammar–Writing Connection Which sentence has a proper noun that should be capitalized? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence needs two commas? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence 105 Which sentence is NOT missing one or more commas? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence 8/29/06 7:32:37 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which sentence has a correct proper noun? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a title that should be capitalized and underlined? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence 4 Which sentence does NOT have a pronoun that should be capitalized? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence (1) Mr mercado is my neighbor and he knows a lot about the stars (2) he gave me a book called find the constellations (3) My brother my best friend and i read the book together (4) We learned that there is a group of stars named Ursa Major (5) they are supposed to look like a bear but they just look like pretty stars to me Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 8/29/06 7:31:45RXENL08AWK31_GPB_105.indd PM 105 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book “Students Speak” is a column in our school newspaper Students Speak is a column in our school newspaper Robert Louis Stevenson wrote a poem called “The Lamplighter.” Robert Louis Stevenson wrote a poem called The Lamplighter My little sister likes the song “Three Blind Mice.” My little sister likes the song Three Blind Mice Have you read the book Little House on the Prairie? Have you read the book Little House on the Prairie? Rewrite each sentence Write titles correctly Lake Country Gazette Lake Country Gazette (newspaper) Ranger Rick Ranger Rick (magazine) “Hickory, Dickory, Dock” Hickory, Dickory, Dock (song) “In Which Piglet Is Entirely Surrounded by Water” In Which Piglet Is Entirely Surrounded by Water (chapter from a book) Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (book) Rewrite each title correctly The words in parentheses ( ) tell what kind of title each one is Name © Harcourt • Grade 56 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 56 Student Edition pp 106–107 10/4/06 9:19:33 PM Lesson 29 Punctuation RXENL08AWK31_GPB_106.indd 106 © Harcourt • Grade 106 Lesson 30 Grammar–Writing Connection 107 Which is the past-tense form that could replace the underlined verb in Sentence 5? A comes B comed C came D camed Which verb needs the helping verb have before it? A went (Sentence 1) B saw (Sentence 2) C write (Sentence 6) D seen (Sentence 6) Which of these verb forms could go in the blank in Sentence 3? A sit B sets C sat D set 8/29/06 7:34:42 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which adverb could go in the blank in Sentence 6? A Tomorrow B More quickly C Most slowly D More slow Which sentence does NOT have an adverb? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has an adverb that tells when? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence (1) Yesterday my class went to an animal park (2) We saw lions from the window of the school bus (3) One lion on a rock (4) Monkeys played happily in the trees (5) Some of them come excitedly to the bus (6) , I will write a story about all the animals I seen Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name 8/29/06 7:33:26RXENL08AWK31_GPB_107.indd PM 107 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Today she reads the book A Child’s Introduction to the Night Sky today she reads the book a child’s introduction to the night sky She lives in New York, but she works in Connecticut she lives in new york but she works in connecticut Mrs Wong reads to children at the library in Middletown mrs wong reads to children at the library in middletown You can read about stars in a magazine called Ask you can read about stars in a magazine called Ask Sirius is the brightest star in the sky, and I see it at night sirius is the brightest star in the sky and i see it at night Those three stars are named Altair, Castor, and Polaris those three stars are named altair castor and polaris That song is called “Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star.” that song is called twinkle, twinkle, little star Sometimes I sing my favorite song sometimes i sing my favorite song Rewrite each sentence correctly Name 57 RXENL08ATE31_GPB.indd 57 Student Edition p 108 10/4/06 9:19:34 PM Lesson 30 Grammar–Writing Connection RXENL08AWK31_GPB_108.indd 108 Which sentence is correct? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a double negative that needs to be corrected? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence 8/29/06 7:35:37 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which of these sentences has a proper noun that is incorrect? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which contraction could go in the blank in Sentence 2? A doesn’t B aren’t C couldn’t D they’re 108 Which of these sentences does NOT need a comma added? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which sentence has a contraction? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence (1) Latisha, Latisha’s father and his friend went to Tonto National Forest in Arizona (2) They stay long but they had a great time (3) They camped, hiked and swam on friday (4) On Saturday night they sang a song around the campfire called “Make New Friends.” (5) Latisha didn’t never want to leave the forest Read this part of a student’s rough draft Then answer the questions that follow Name © Harcourt • Grade ... RXENL08AWK31_GPB_ 034 .indd 34 © Harcourt • Grade 34 Lesson 10 Grammar Writing Connection 8/15/06 11:29:07 AM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which sentence is NOT complete? A Sentence B Sentence... 6:26:29RXENL08AWK31_GPB_019.indd PM 19 © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which sentence has a compound predicate? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Which is the complete predicate of... Sentence B Sentence C Sentence D Sentence Lesson Grammar Writing Connection 9/18/06 6:25 :39 PM © Harcourt • Grade Grammar Practice Book Which sentence is correct? A Sentence B Sentence C Sentence