Flying Across the Ocean: Yesterday and Today SUMMARY This reader gives a history of transatlantic flight, beginning with the 1919 crossing by a military plane From there, the era of zeppelins and Lindbergh’s famous flight to Paris were not far behind LESSON VOCABULARY criticizing drenching explosion cruised era hydrogen INTRODUCE THE BOOK INTRODUCE THE TITLE AND AUTHOR Discuss with students the title and author of Flying Across the Ocean: Yesterday and Today Discuss what they can predict about the article based on the title and the social studies content triangle Ask: “How would your expectations differ if the content triangle read science? What images does the title give you?” BUILD BACKGROUND Discuss what students know about airplane travel, including travel in small planes, or the history of flight Ask: “What is the longest flight you have taken?” If any of them have visited museums documenting flight, ask them to share what they remember Ask what images the names Lindbergh, Hindenburg, and Wright brothers bring to mind If possible, show images from books or from the Internet that document events in the early days of flight PREVIEW/USE TEXT FEATURES Have students take a few minutes to go over the photos, captions, and diagrams Ask them to discuss what these tell them about the selection Ask: “What the photos add? Do they relay facts, give context, create mood? Would you understand the information as well without them?” Point out that the graphics follow a chronological order What does this suggest about the article’s content and structure? 124 5.6.4 FACT AND OPINION ASK QUESTIONS READ THE BOOK SET PURPOSE Guide students to set their own purposes for reading the selection Students’ interest in airplanes or the history of flight should guide this purpose Invite them to come up with questions they would like to have answered, such as: Why did Alcock and Brown get a prize? What did Lindbergh feel like as he flew alone in that small plane? STRATEGY SUPPORT: ASK QUESTIONS Remind students that asking questions as they read will help them focus their attention on the subject matter and better understand the text Before students read each section of the book, have them write down at least one question they have, based on headings and pictures If they not find the answer by reading the text, have them research to find the answer COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS PAGE Identify one statement of opinion on this page (Today we think nothing of crossing the Atlantic Ocean in just a few hours.) PAGE 13 Is the sentence “Both men climbed out, unhurt” a statement of fact or of opinion? (The sentence is a statement of fact.) PAGE 22 Look at the last sentence on the page Rewrite this sentence using a synonym for drenching (Possible response: Over Canada, rain was completely soaking the plane.) PAGE 23 What does the fact that Lindbergh couldn’t sleep the night before take-off add to this account? (Possible response: It helps you understand that he was probably anxious.) Flying Across the Ocean: Yesterday and Today 16911_LRD_TG_124-125 124 12/16/05 9:33:31 AM REVISIT THE BOOK READER RESPONSE Possible response: Opinions—Today we think nothing of crossing the Atlantic Ocean in just a few hours; Lindbergh believed that this was his chance Facts—In 1913, the race to cross the Atlantic by airplane began; their trip took 16 hours and 27 minutes Responses will vary Possible response: across the Atlantic; Sentences will vary Possible response: Modern jets are much safer and faster, they can stay in the air longer, pilots use technology to stay in touch with the ground, see where they are going, and de-ice the wings EXTEND UNDERSTANDING Invite students to create their own graphic device, such as a time line or a fact-and-opinion chart that relates information from the article Ask: “What visual tool helps you best understand this material? If you were the author, what additional graphics would you have included? What photos would you be interested in seeing, for example?” Remind students that maps and other graphics convey information that is not necessarily in the text RESPONSE OPTIONS WRITING Ask students to imagine that each is the pilot on a pioneering solo flight many years ago, such as Lindbergh’s flight to Paris Have them write a journal entry or logbook entry describing an hour of their flight Encourage them to include weather information and descriptions of their thoughts and feelings SOCIAL STUDIES CONNECTION Ask students to pick a famous plane or airship, such as the Hindenburg, and research how it was built, including who financed it, and what innovations it used Invite them to share their research with other students Skill Work TEACH/REVIEW VOCABULARY Divide students into two groups Ask one group to write fill-in-the-blank sentences for the vocabulary words Then ask students in the other group to fill in the correct word Ask the groups to switch roles and repeat the exercise To reinforce meaning, have students sort the words by parts of speech Point out that words with the same suffix, such as -ing, are not always the same part of speech TARGET SKILL AND STRATEGY FACT AND OPINION Tell students that a statement of fact can be proved true or false, while a statement of opinion is a statement of someone’s judgment, belief, or way of thinking about something Guide students to identify statements that cannot be verified by using the first sentence on page as an example Ask students to make a list of statements of opinion and fact as they read Challenge them to verify several of the statements of fact by referring to books or their own experience ASK QUESTIONS Tell students that asking questions as they read is a way of being actively involved in what they are learning, understanding the information presented, and distinguishing statements of fact from statements of opinion Brainstorm with students the types of questions they might have as they read Flying Across the Ocean: Yesterday and Today, such as: What does this mean? Why did the writer include this? Can I verify this statement in an outside source? ADDITIONAL SKILL INSTRUCTION GRAPHIC SOURCES Ask students to identify all the graphic sources used in Flying Across the Ocean: Yesterday and Today Ask: Do these graphics help you understand the material discussed in this article? Do they add new information not provided in the words? Flying Across the Ocean: Yesterday and Today 16911_LRD_TG_124-125 125 125 12/16/05 9:33:32 AM Name Flying Across the Ocean Fact and Opinion • A statement of fact is a statement that can be proved true or false • A statement of opinion tells someone’s ideas, feelings, or beliefs It cannot be proved true or false Directions Read the sentences below On the line under each sentence, write either “statement of fact” or “statement of opinion.” Give a reason for your response Today we think nothing of crossing the Atlantic Ocean in just a few hours In 1913, the race to cross the Atlantic Ocean by airplane began World War I led to many improvements in airplane technology The first plane to make the Atlantic Ocean crossing was a military plane Ice is no longer a major problem for modern aircraft After the Hindenberg accident, nobody wanted to ride in an airship Charles Lindbergh is the most famous pilot in history Directions Write a statement of fact about Flying Across the Ocean: Yesterday and Today Directions Write a statement of opinion about Flying Across the Ocean: Yesterday and Today © Pearson Education 126 16911_LRD_TG_126-127 12/16/05 9:34:51 AM Flying Across the Ocean Name Vocabulary Directions Choose the word from the box that best matches each definition Write the word on the line Check the Words You Know criticizing era cruised explosion drenching hydrogen a period of time marked by certain events, persons, or things a colorless, odorless, highly flammable gas the act of bursting forth with sudden violence or noise from internal energy wetting thoroughly; soaking with falling liquid, as with rain finding fault flew at the most efficient operating speed © Pearson Education Directions Write a paragraph about early transatlantic flights Use as many of the vocabulary words as you can 127 16911_LRD_TG_126-127 12/16/05 9:34:52 AM ... 1 26 169 11_LRD _TG_ 1 26- 127 12/ 16/ 05 9 :34 :51 AM Flying Across the Ocean Name Vocabulary Directions Choose the word from the box that best matches each definition Write the word on the line Check the. .. Today 169 11_LRD _TG_ 124-1 25 1 25 1 25 12/ 16/ 05 9 :33 :32 AM Name Flying Across the Ocean Fact and Opinion • A statement of fact is a statement that can be proved true or false • A statement of opinion... think nothing of crossing the Atlantic Ocean in just a few hours In 19 13, the race to cross the Atlantic Ocean by airplane began World War I led to many improvements in airplane technology The