BCRAN Building Cisco Remote Access Networks Version 2.1 Student Guide Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Systems has more than 200 offices in the following countries and regions Addresses, phone numbers, and fax numbers are listed on the Cisco Web site at www.cisco.com/go/offices Argentina Australia Austria Belgium Brazil Bulgaria Canada Chile China PRC Colombia Costa Rica Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Dubai, UAE Finland France Germany Greece Hong Kong SAR Hungary India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Malaysia Mexico The Netherlands New Zealand Norway Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Puerto Rico Romania Russia Saudi Arabia Scotland Singapore Slovakia Slovenia South Africa Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Thailand Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom United States Venezuela Vietnam Zimbabwe Copyright 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved CCIP, CCSP, the Cisco Powered Network mark, Cisco Unity, Follow Me Browsing, FormShare, and StackWise 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mentioned in this document or Website are the property of their respective owners The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company (0401R) Table of Contents Volume Course Introduction Overview Outline Course Objectives Course Activities Cisco Certifications Learner Skills and Knowledge Learner Responsibilities General Administration Course Flow Diagram Icons and Symbols Learner Introductions WAN Technologies and Components Overview Objectives Outline Defining WAN Connection Types Overview Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline WAN Connection Characteristics Common WAN Connection Types Dedicated Circuit-Switched Connections On-Demand Circuit-Switched Connections ISDN Connections Packet-Switched Virtual Connections Broadband Access Summary Quiz Quiz Answer Key Defining WAN Encapsulation Protocols Overview Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline 10 11 1-1 1-1 1-1 1-1 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-7 1-8 1-10 1-12 1-13 1-15 1-16 1-17 1-19 1-21 1-21 1-21 1-21 1-21 1-22 WAN Encapsulation Protocols PPP Encapsulation Frame Relay Encapsulations Summary Quiz 1-23 1-25 1-27 1-28 1-29 Determining the WAN Type to Use Overview 1-31 1-31 Quiz Answer Key Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline WAN Connection Types 1-30 1-31 1-31 1-32 1-32 1-33 WAN Connection Speed Comparison WAN Connection Summary Site Requirements Central Site Considerations Central Site Router Equipment Branch Office Considerations Branch Office Router Equipment SOHO Site Considerations SOHO Site Router Equipment Summary Quiz Quiz Answer Key Selecting Cisco Products for Remote Connections Overview Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline 1-50 1-51 1-51 1-51 1-51 1-51 1-52 Cisco Remote Access Solutions Interfaces: Fixed Interface Interfaces: Modular Interface Network Cabling and Assembly Verification of Network Installation Verification of Branch Office Installation Verification of SOHO Installation Products with Cisco Product Selection Tools Summary 1-53 1-55 1-56 1-57 1-59 1-61 1-63 1-65 1-66 Quiz 1-67 Next Steps Quiz Answer Key Supporting Asynchronous Modems Overview Objectives Outline Connecting and Operating Modems Overview Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline Modem Connections and Operation The DTE-DCE Interface Modem SignalingData Modem SignalingControl Modem Control Example Modem Operation DTE-to-DTE Wiring RJ-45 Wiring and Cables Working Connections Error Control and Data Compression Standards Modem Modulation and Standards Modem Speed and Compression Theoretical Speeds ii 1-35 1-36 1-37 1-39 1-41 1-42 1-44 1-45 1-46 1-47 1-48 Building Cisco Remote Access Networks (BCRAN) v2.1 1-66 1-69 2-1 2-1 2-1 2-1 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-10 2-11 2-12 2-13 2-15 2-16 2-18 2-19 Copyright © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Summary Quiz 2-20 2-21 Quiz Answer Key 2-24 Configuring Modems Overview 2-25 2-25 Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline Modem Connections EXEC Connection Commands Sample Output for the show line Command Line Types and Numbering Interface Asynchronous and Line Configuration Basic Modem Configuration Standard Modem Commands Nonstandard Modem Commands Modem Initialization Strings Summary Quiz Quiz Answer Key Autoconfiguring Modems Overview 2-25 2-25 2-25 2-26 2-27 2-29 2-31 2-33 2-34 2-35 2-37 2-38 2-39 2-40 2-41 2-43 2-45 2-45 Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline 2-45 2-45 2-45 2-46 Modem Autoconfiguration Automatic Modem Configuration Modem Autodiscovery Modem Autoconfiguration: Configuring Modem Autodiscovery: Configuring Known Modem Initialization String Modemcap Database Modemcap Database Management Modemcap Entries: Viewing Custom Modemcap Entry: Creating and Editing Custom Modemcap Entry: Viewing Summary Quiz 2-47 2-48 2-49 2-51 2-52 2-53 2-54 2-55 2-56 2-57 2-58 2-59 2-60 Verifying and Debugging Modem Autoconfiguration Overview 2-63 2-63 Quiz Answer Key Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline 2-63 2-63 2-63 2-64 Verification of Modem Autoconfiguration Operation Modem Autoconfiguration Troubleshooting Chat Scripts for Asynchronous Lines Summary 2-65 2-66 2-67 2-69 Quiz 2-70 Next Steps Quiz Answer Key Copyright 2-62 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc 2-69 2-71 Building Cisco Remote Access Networks (BCRAN) v2.1 iii Configuring PPP Features Overview Objectives Outline Describing PPP Features Overview Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline Remote Node Connections PPP Architecture HDLC and PPP Frames Summary Quiz Quiz Answer Key Configuring Basic PPP Overview Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline PPP: Enabling PPP Session and EXEC Session PPP and Asynchronous Interface: Enabling Commands Autoselect Asynchronous Interface Commands for Addressing Summary Quiz Quiz Answer Key Configuring LCP Options: Authentication with PAP and CHAP Overview Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline PPP Authentication PPP Using PAP Authentication PAP Configuration Example PPP Using CHAP Authentication CHAP Configuration Example CHAP and PAP Configuration Authentication Summary Quiz Quiz Answer Key Configuring LCP Options: Callback and Compression Overview Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline PPP Callback Overview Asynchronous Callback Operation Flowchart iv Building Cisco Remote Access Networks (BCRAN) v2.1 3-1 3-1 3-1 3-1 3-3 3-3 3-3 3-3 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-7 3-9 3-10 3-11 3-12 3-13 3-13 3-13 3-13 3-13 3-14 3-15 3-16 3-17 3-18 3-20 3-23 3-24 3-25 3-27 3-27 3-27 3-27 3-27 3-28 3-29 3-30 3-31 3-32 3-37 3-38 3-39 3-40 3-42 3-43 3-43 3-43 3-43 3-43 3-44 3-45 3-47 Copyright © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc PPP Callback Operation Asynchronous Callback Line and Interface Commands PPP Callback Client Configuration PPP Callback Server Configuration Compression and PPP Compression Configuration Compression Verification 3-48 3-50 3-51 3-52 3-53 3-55 3-56 Summary Quiz 3-58 3-59 Uncompressed Bytes Throughput Ratio Buffer Allocation Bytes Transmitted Bytes Received Interpreting the show compress Command Output Quiz Answer Key 3-61 Configuring LCP Options: Multilink PPP Overview 3-63 3-63 Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline 3-63 3-63 3-63 3-64 Multilink PPP Overview Multilink PPP Operation and Configuration Multilink PPP Example Summary Quiz 3-65 3-66 3-67 3-68 3-69 Quiz Answer Key 3-70 Verifying and Debugging PPP Overview 3-71 3-71 Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline 3-71 3-71 3-71 3-72 PPP Verification show dialer Command Example PPP Debugging Multilink Verification Summary 3-73 3-74 3-75 3-76 3-78 Quiz 3-79 Next Steps 3-78 Quiz Answer Key 3-80 Accessing Broadband 4-1 Overview 4-1 Objectives Outline 4-1 4-1 Identifying Broadband Features Overview 4-3 4-3 Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline 4-3 4-3 4-3 4-4 Broadband Uses Cable Options Copyright 3-56 3-56 3-56 3-57 3-57 3-57 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc 4-5 4-6 Building Cisco Remote Access Networks (BCRAN) v2.1 v DSL Options Satellite Options Wireless Options Summary Quiz Quiz Answer Key Addressing Broadband with NAT Overview Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline NAT Overview NAT Concepts and Terminology NAT Operation Inside Source Address Translation Inside Global Address Overload Dynamic NAT Configuration Inside Global Address Overload Configuration NAT Verification and Troubleshooting NAT Troubleshooting NAT Entry Clearing Summary Quiz Quiz Answer Key Describing Cable Technology Overview Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline Cable Features Data over Cable Cable System Functionality Cable System Components Hybrid Fiber-Coaxial Architecture Digital Signals over RF Channels Cable Technology Terms Cable Technology: Putting It All Together Process for Provisioning a Cable Modem Configuration of a Router with a Cable Modem Summary Quiz Quiz Answer Key Defining DSL Technology Overview Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline DSL Features DSL Types DSL Limitations ADSL vi Building Cisco Remote Access Networks (BCRAN) v2.1 4-7 4-8 4-9 4-11 4-12 4-14 4-15 4-15 4-15 4-15 4-15 4-16 4-17 4-18 4-20 4-21 4-23 4-24 4-26 4-27 4-29 4-31 4-32 4-33 4-35 4-37 4-37 4-37 4-37 4-37 4-38 4-39 4-40 4-41 4-43 4-44 4-45 4-48 4-52 4-53 4-54 4-56 4-57 4-59 4-61 4-61 4-61 4-61 4-61 4-62 4-63 4-64 4-66 4-67 Copyright © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc ADSL and POTS Coexistence ADSL Channels and Encoding Data over ADSL: Bridging Data over ADSL: PPPoE Data over ADSL: PPPoA Summary Quiz 4-68 4-69 4-71 4-73 4-77 4-78 4-79 Quiz Answer Key 4-82 Configuring the CPE as the PPPoE Client Overview 4-83 4-83 Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline Configuration of a Cisco 827 Router as the PPPoE Client Configuration of PPPoE in a VPDN Group Configuration of a PPPoE Client Configuration of the PPPoE DSL Dialer Interface Configuration of PAT PAT Configuration Example DHCP to Scale DSL Configuration of a DHCP Server Configuration of a Static Default Route PPPoE Sample Configuration Summary Quiz Quiz Answer Key Configuring DSL with PPPoA Overview 4-97 4-99 4-99 4-99 4-100 Configuration of a PPPoA DSL Connection DSL Modulation Configuration Configuration of the DSL ATM Interface Configuration of the DSL Dialer Interface Configuration of PAT PAT Configuration Example DHCP to Scale DSL Configuration of a Static Default Route PPPoA Sample Configuration Summary Quiz 4-101 4-102 4-103 4-104 4-105 4-106 4-107 4-108 4-109 4-110 4-111 Quiz Answer Key 4-112 Troubleshooting DSL Overview 4-113 4-113 Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline Layer Troubleshooting Layer Issues Administratively Down State for an ATM Interface Correct Power Supply 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc 4-85 4-86 4-87 4-88 4-89 4-90 4-91 4-92 4-93 4-94 4-95 4-96 4-99 4-99 Relevance Objectives Learner Skills and Knowledge Outline Copyright 4-83 4-83 4-84 4-84 Building Cisco Remote Access Networks (BCRAN) v2.1 4-113 4-113 4-113 4-114 4-115 4-116 4-118 4-119 vii Correct DSL Operating Mode Layer Issues Data Received from the ISP Proper PPP Negotiation Summary 4-120 4-121 4-122 4-123 4-124 Quiz 4-125 Next Steps Quiz Answer Key viii Building Cisco Remote Access Networks (BCRAN) v2.1 4-124 4-126 Copyright © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc