Springer.Advances.in.Mobile.and.Wireless.Communications.Jun.2008

Lecture Notes Electrical Engineering Volume 16 Istv´an Frigyes · J´anos Bit´o · P´eter Bakki (Eds.) Advances in Mobile and Wireless Communications Views of the 16th IST Mobile and Wireless Communication Summit 123 Frigyes Istv´an Budapest Department of Technology and Economics Dept of Broadband Infocommunication and Goldmann Gy t´er Budapest 1111 Hungary frigyes@mht.bme.hu P´eter Bakki Budapest Department of Technology and Economics Dept of Broadband Infocommunication and Goldmann Gy t´er Budapest 1111 Hungary peter.bakki@mht.bme.hu J´anos Bit´o Budapest Department of Technology and Economics Dept of Broadband Infocommunication and Goldmann Gy t´er Budapest 1111 Hungary bito@mht.bme.hu ISBN: 978-3-540-79040-2 e-ISBN: 978-3-540-79041-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008926495 c 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg  This work is subject to copyright All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use Cover design: eStudio Calamar S.L Printed on acid-free paper springer.com All are but parts of one stupendous whole, Whose body Nature is, and God the soul; Alexander Pope Contents Contributors XVII Preface XXIII Introduction XXV Part I Physical 1 Interleaving Strategies for Multidimensional Concatenated Zigzag Codes 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Zigzag Codes .4 1.2.1 Encoding of Zigzag Codes 1.3 Multiple Interleavers .6 1.3.1 Problem .6 1.3.2 Congruential Interleavers 1.3.3 Cyclic Shifted Multiple Interleavers 1.3.4 UMTS Based Interleaver 1.3.5 Interleavers for Zigzag Codes 11 1.4 Simulation Results .16 1.5 Conclusions 19 References 19 Simplified Channel-Aware Greedy Scheduling and Antenna Selection Algorithms for Multiuser MIMO Systems Employing Orthogonal Space Division Multiplexing 23 2.1 Introduction 23 2.2 System Model 26 2.2.1 Block Diagonalization (BD) .27 2.2.2 Successive Optimization (SO) 28 2.3 Fair Scheduling and Antenna Selection Algorithms 29 2.3.1 Joint User and Antenna Selection for Block Diagonalization (BD) 30 VIII Contents 2.3.2 Joint User and Antenna Selection for Successive Optimization (SO) 34 2.3.3 Subspace Correlation Based User Grouping 38 2.4 Impact of Receive Antenna Selection (RAS) 40 2.4.1 Receive Antenna Selection Algorithm (RAS-I) 41 2.4.2 Receive Antenna Selection Algorithm (RAS-II) 41 2.5 Simulation Results 42 2.5.1 Correlation Threshold 42 2.5.2 Average Sum Rate Performance 44 2.6 Conclusions 49 Acknowledgements 49 References 50 On the Impact of Channel Estimation and Quantization Errors for Various Spatio-Temporal Transmission Schemes 53 3.1 Introduction 53 3.2 Single Link MIMO Transmission 54 3.2.1 System Model 54 3.2.2 Transmission Schemes 55 3.3 Multi-User Downlink MIMO Transmission 58 3.3.1 System Model 59 3.3.2 ZF Precoding for Multi-User Downlink Transmission 59 3.4 Impact of Channel Estimation Errors at Receiver 59 3.4.1 Channel Estimation Error Model 59 3.4.2 Simulation Results 61 3.5 Impact of Channel Quantization Errors at Transmitter 62 3.5.1 Random Vector Quantization 63 3.5.2 Simulation Results 64 3.6 Concluding Remarks and Further Comments 68 References 69 On Multi-Cell Cooperative Signal Processing in Backhaul-Constrained Cellular Systems 71 4.1 Introduction 71 4.2 Notation 72 4.3 System Model 72 4.3.1 Optimization Framework 74 4.3.2 Optimization Problem 78 4.4 Optimization Approach 79 4.4.1 User Grouping 80 4.4.2 Virtual MIMO Configuration 82 Contents IX 4.4.3 Beamforming Matrices 82 4.4.4 Power Allocation .85 4.5 A Closer View on Subsystem Partitioning 86 4.6 Simulation Results .89 4.7 Conclusions 93 References 94 Part II Access 97 One-Shot Multi-Bid Auction and Pricing in Dynamic Spectrum Allocation Networks 99 5.1 Introduction 99 5.1.1 Trading and Liberalization 99 5.1.2 Rights and Obligations 100 5.1.3 Interference .100 5.2 Related Works 101 5.3 Spatio-temporal DSA Model 102 5.3.1 Interference and Spectrum Efficiency 102 5.3.2 Feasible Allocation 104 5.3.3 Interference Tolerance 105 5.4 Pricing Scheme in the Proposed DSA Model 105 5.4.1 Inputs .105 5.4.2 Allocation and Pricing Rules 106 5.5 Example 108 5.6 Conclusion .111 References 112 Resource Allocation Strategies for SDMA/OFDMA Systems 115 6.1 Introduction .115 6.2 System Model 117 6.3 Space-Frequency/Time Resource Allocation 119 6.3.1 SDMA Algorithm: Greedy Regularized Correlation-Based Algorithm 120 6.3.2 Frequency/Time Assignment Algorithm: Group-to-Resource Assignment 121 6.3.3 Resource Allocation Strategy 123 6.4 Frequency/Time-Space Resource Allocation 124 6.4.1 SDMA Algorithm: Successive Projections Algorithm 124 6.4.2 Frequency/Time Assignment Algorithm: User-to-Resource Assignment 125 6.4.3 Resource Allocation Strategy 126 6.5 Analysis and Simulation Results .126 X Contents 6.6 Conclusions 132 References 132 Part III Techniques and Technologies 135 Moment-Based Estimation of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio for Oversampled Narrowband Signals 137 7.1 Introduction 137 7.2 Equivalent Baseband Model 137 7.3 Moment-Based SNR Estimation 138 7.4 Computation of the Correlation Index 140 7.5 Higher-Order Statistics 142 7.6 Simulation Results 144 7.7 Conclusions 147 References 147 Estimation of Rain Attenuation Distribution on Terrestrial Microwave Links with General N-State Markov Model 149 8.1 Introduction 149 8.2 Stationary Examination of Rain Attenuation Process 150 8.3 The N-state Markov Model 151 8.4 Model Parameterization 154 8.5 Applying the Proposed Model for a Designated Link 157 8.6 Results 158 8.7 Conclusion 160 Acknowledgement 161 References 161 An Investigation of the Applicability of Fade Duration Markov Model in Attenuation Time Series Synthesis for Multipath Fading Channel 163 9.1 Introduction 163 9.2 Description of the Measured Data 164 9.3 Stationarity Investigations of the Attenuation Process 164 9.4 Event Modeling with Two-State Markov Chain 167 9.5 The Attenuation Threshold Dependent Fade Duration Model 168 9.6 From the Fade Duration Model to the Two-State Fade/Non-fade Model 171 9.7 Simulate a Single Fading Event 173 9.8 Modeling the Scintillation 176 9.9 Evaluation of the Synthesized Time Series 176 Contents XI 9.10 Summary 178 Acknowledgment .179 References 179 10 Cost-Optimised Active Receive Array Antenna for Mobile Satellite Terminals 181 10.1 Introduction .181 10.2 System Scenario 181 10.3 Simulation Assessments 182 10.3.1 Environmental Conditions 182 10.3.2 Directional Land Mobile Satellite Channel Model 183 10.3.3 Conformal Array Simulations 187 10.4 Antenna Design 190 10.5 Digital Beamforming .193 10.5.1 Implementation Aspects 195 10.6 Conclusions .199 References 199 11 Scheduling Techniques for Mobile Broadcast and Multicast Services 201 11.1 Introduction .201 11.2 Problem Analysis 202 11.2.1 Introduction of MBMS 202 11.2.2 Scheduling and Congestion Control in MBMS 203 11.3 Concepts and Algorithms 205 11.3.1 Dynamic MBMS Resource Scheduler 205 11.3.2 Scheduling of Carousel Services 209 11.3.3 Scheduling of Streaming Services 212 11.4 Performance Evaluation 215 11.4.1 Evaluation of Scheduling for Carousel Services 215 11.4.2 Evaluation of Scheduling for Streaming Services 216 11.4.3 Evaluation of Dynamic MBMS Resource Scheduler 217 11.5 Conclusions .217 Acknowledgment .219 References 219 Part IV Networks 221 12 Body Area Network and Its Standardization at IEEE 802.15.BAN 223 12.1 Introduction .223 12.2 SG-BAN and BAN Definition 224