This field document is one of a series of reports prepared during the course of the project identified on the title page. The conclusions and recommendations in the report are those considered appropriate at the time of its preparation. They may be modified in the light of further knowledge gained at subsequent stages of the project. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or constitutional status of any country or territory or concerning the delimitation of frontiers.
BOT/91/001 Field Document 15 Land Use Planning for Sustainable Agricultural Development BOTSWANA AGRICULTURAL LAND USE PLAN FOR LETLHAKANE AGRICULTURAL DISTRICT CENTRAL REGION Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Republic of Botswana DECEMBER 1996 United Nations Development Programme BOT/91/001 Field Document 15 Land Use Planning for Sustainable Agricultural Development BOTSWANA AGRICULTURAL LAND USE PLAN FOR LETLHAKANE AGRICULTURAL DISTRICT CENTRAL REGION Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Republic of Botswana DECEMBER 1996 United Nations Development Programme BOT/91/001 Field Document 15 Land Use Planning for Sustainable Agricultural Development BOTSWANA AGRICULTURAL LAND USE PLAN FOR LETLHAKANE AGRICULTURAL DISTRICT CENTRAL REGION by J.H Venema and M Kgaswanyane Agricultural Land Use Planners Central Region Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Republic of Botswana DECEMBER 1996 United Nations Development Programme Venema, J.H and M Kgaswanyane 1996 Agricultural land use plan for Letlhakane Agricultural District, Central Region FAO/UNDP/Goverriment of Botswana Project BOT/91/001 Ltilici Use Planning for Sustainable Agricultural Development Field Document 15, 155 pp., with 12 maps This field document is one of a series of reports prepared during the course of the project identified on the title page The conclusions and recommendations in the report are those considered appropriate at the time of its preparation They may be modified in the light of further knowledge gained at subsequent stages of the project The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or constitutional status of any country or territory or concerning the delimitation of frontiers EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Objectives and contents This report is the result of a two-year study of Letlliakane Agricultural District (LetAD), carried out by the Agricultura! Land Use Planners of the Ministry of Agriculture (Central R :ion) The main objective of the study is to provide planners, agricultural extension staff and community leaders with sound recommendations for improved and sustainable agricultural production and possible solutions for major land use problems and conflicts The study includes an inventory of the natural resources, population, farmer groups and economy of the area, the identification of major land use problems and possible solutions, a land suitability evaluation and final recorrunenclations This report is accompanied by a series of thematic maps, showing land resources, land suitability, present land use and recommended land use Consultations The present study was requested by the District Land Use Planning Unit (DLUPU) of Boteti subDistrict and was carried out in close co-operation with DLUPU members, which include technical staff and admiriistrators from the Land Board, District Council, District Administration and the Ministry of Agriculture Some of the most important findings and recoinmendations of t.he study were discussed with DLUPU members, senior tribal authorities, councillors, senior technical staff from various ministries and other interested parties, during a three-day workshop The res-ults of this workshop have been incorporated in the final recommendations Land resources and population Letlhakane Agricultural District covers an area of 29 170 km2 and includes most of the administrative Boteti sub-District The area stretches from the Central Ngwato cordon fence (Makoba) in the east to Ngamiland cordon fence (Makalamabedi) in the west and borders on the Central Kalahari Game Reserve in the south-west and the Makgadikgadi Pans National Park in the north The climate is semi-arid with summer rainfall and high rainfall variability Three rainfall zones have been distinguished with a mean annual rainfall for the period 1968 - 1990 of 351, 370 and 458 mm respectively, the latter only occurring in the extreme north-west The area is mostly flat with sandy soils of low nutrient status Surface water is limited to semi-permanent pools in the Boteti river and seasonal stagnant water in shallow depressions The Boteti river has experienced a significant flow in one year only in the period from 1983 to 1996 Deep groundwater of varying quality occurs in the south and west; shallow, perched groundwater tables locally occur in the north and north-east and in the Boteti river The vegetation is predominantly shrub savanna, with grasslands and bare pan surfaces near the Makgadikgadi and dense savanna locally in the west (Gidikwe ridge), along the Boteti river and in the north-east The total population of LetAD (including Orapa) in 1991 was 44 286, with an annual growth rate of around 3% Major settlements include Orapa, L,etlhakane, Rakops, Mopipi and Xhumo The main economic activity in LetAD is diamond mining, although only a small number of households is directly involved In addition to mining, households derive cash income through govemment employment, businesses and remittances Half of the households are seriously involved in crop and/or livestock production, mostly at subsistence level Crop production (general) Even in a good season, only a small part of LetAD (around 0.3%) is used for cultivation Rainfed cropping of maize, sorghum and/or millet with cowpea and watermelon is the most corrunon form of cultivation About one-third of the households are seriously involved in rainfed cropping Most farmers have access to draught power in the form of donkeys or oxen Farms are relatively small with an average of to and production is low and variable, with an annual average of 200 to 300 kg of grain and beans per farm Rainfed cropping, without drought subsidies, does not generate much cash income and is practiced mainly at subsistence level Molapo farrning in the Boteti river has not been possible since the early eighties Irrigated crop production is almost insignificant and has little potential Low and unreliable rainfall and the lack of a reliable source of surface water or groundwater of good quality is the most important physical constraint for the development of arable farming Rainfed cropping Productivity of rainfed cropping is increased more easily by improved management of traditional crops than by the introduction of new crops Sorghum is the most suitable crop, although, with present producer prices, maize may give a better gross margin in areas with the highest rainfall and the best soils The most effective improvement of the present system of rainfed cropping is early planting, which means dry planting during late November, or planting immediately after the first significant rains from mid November onwards If planting is not possible before the end of the year, millet or varieties of sorghwn and maize with a short growing cycle should be planted with the first opportunity in January The use of chemical fertilizer gives only modest returns and only if applied selectively, close to healthy plants or in permanent rows The optimal plant density for sorghum, millet and maize is around 15 000 plants per hectare, with the plants evenly distributed over the field Although the use of tractors makes early ploughing of large areas possible and increases yield considerably, maintenance and depreciation of tractors and fuel costs are higher than the value of produce in most years A farm household with at least two adult or adolescent members full-time available for farm work from November to January and with access to (animal) draught power and a cart in October can improve the gross margin of rainfed sorghum, maize and millet production three-fold, through manuring, early planting, timely weeding, thinning and replanting (if necessary) An average farm family with one or two members full-time available for fanning activities and with one span of oxen or donkeys can not efficiently manage more than and land allocations should be limited to that size to avoid unnecessary ploughing and excessive land claims Some of the large lands areas with perimeter fence are only partly used for cultivation and may include many livestock Individual fields often have their own fence, creating a double-fence situation Although many fields may be located in pockets of good soil, the lands areas of Mosu (Nthane), Letlhakane and Mopipi (south-west of Mokobaxane) as a whole have a high proportion of shallow soil Detailed land use plans of lands areas, drawn up in co-operation with the communities concemed, are recommended iv Molapo farming The Boteti river has experienced a significant flow in only one year in the period from 1g83 1996 and molapo farming has not been practiced much in recent years Some of the inolapo fields are suitable for rainfed cropping and could be used for that purpose For this to happen the Land Board will have to revise its policy on land allocation in the Boteti river A further investigation into the potential of the riverbed for both rainfed cropping and molapo fan-ning is recommended Backyard gardening Provided a small but cheap source of water is at hand, year-round or seasonal gardening is recommended for all households Intensive gardening of very small plots (less than 100 m2) is recommended with or without poultry and beekeeping Simple and locally applicable guidelines are needed for this activity The MoA should take this form of crop production more seriously Beekeeping, poultry and backyard nurseries Beekeeping, small-scale poultry and backyard tree nurseries can be profitable activities for a limited number of households, provided supervision is on a daily basis and continuous These activities are ideal for people tied to their home, such as single woman with children and the elderly Animal production (general) The main present land use is extensive grazing, with communal grazing along the Boteti and near major villages, and with individually owned cattle posts in remote areas In 1993 the area supported 8.6% of the national cattle herd and 7% of the national stock of goats Almost half of all households are seriously involved in animal production Herds are relatively large with an average of almost 60 head of cattle per cattle farm Annual offtake is around 10% for both cattle and goats Livestock losses are very high, particularly in dry years The livestock carrying capacity of the area varies enormously from one year to the other, depending on rainfall For this reason, the on-farrn production and preservation of hay is essential for the long-term survival of the herd The hay is preserved for supplementary feeding during periods of exceptionally low rainfall and lack of grazing Another management intervention which will greatly improve livestock productivity is the timely sale of unproductive cows and of steers at the age of four years Controlled breeding is also recottunended, but is only possible on fenced farms Cattle posts and ranching If the farmer is not prepared to live on the cattle post, the farm should be left to a qualified manager Several farms in the same area could be supervised by a single manager if provided with transport and connected by radio The whole of LetAD is covered with boreholes and wells, with very few opportunities for new waterpoint allocations if a minimum distance of km between waterpoints is maintained The over-all benefits of fenced ranching over free-range cattle posts has not been established beyond doubt The land allocation and fencing scheme in the Kaka area should be implemented and evaluated before ranching is initiated elsewhere in the area Boteti State Land 22 Parts of Boteti State Land in the north-central part of LetAD are intensively used for grazing with cattleposts established around open wells Tribalization of those areas is recommended Waterharvesting for livestock and wildlife In areas without surface water and without shallow groundwater of good quality, rainwater harvesting techniques may help to maintain small numbers of livestock or wildlife Experiments with water harvesting techniques are proposed in areas with gentle slopes or small natural pans Fossil dune formations, valleys and beach ridges could be used for harvesting water from artificially sealed surfaces Locally, water could also be harvested from small, natural pans, by increasing their waterholding capacity and reducing evaporation Wildlife and tourism Although historically a prime area for migrating ungulates, their predators and many other forms of wildlife, LetAD has now become a hostile environment for most species because of the numerous veterinary cordon fences, diminishing sources of open water, increasing use of the natural vegetation for animal production, and increasing mobility and hunting and poaching capabilities of residents and visitors The area has remained attractive for many forms of birdlife, particularly in wet years Despite a diminishing wildlife population, L,etAD has potential for tourism in the form of (photo)safaris, because of its vicinity to the Central Kalahari Game Reserve and the Makgadikgadi Pans National Park and its unique scenery, particularly along the Boteti river and in the Makgadikgadi It is essential that the local population is involved in the development of the tourist sector, both in communal land and nearby nature reserves Game ranching Ostriches are amongst the most ubiquitous forms of wildlife still present, and ostrich farming is one of the most promising forms of wildlife utilization in the area An ostrich farm has been in operation for a number of years in an adjacent area The potential for small-scale, stall-fed ostrich production should be investigated Although there may be opportunities for other forms of intensive wildlife utilization, very few residents will have the skill, resources and motivation to embark on such an enterprise Land use conflicts along the western boundary of the Makgadikgadi Pans National Park The western boundary of the Makgadikgadi Pans National Park runs along the channel of the Boteti river from Moreomaoto to Sulcwane The river is used for animal production and cropping by conununities living on the west bank and by wildlife for water and forage Crop damage by wildlife is conunon and some animals pose a threat to both humans and livestock Large numbers of livestock stray into to National Park or are deliberately taken there to graze In agreement with the Makgadikgadi/Nxai Pans Management Plan it is proposed to fence the western boundary of the National Park Such a fence could cross the river at several points, leaving some sections of the channel (e.g hippo pools) to the National Park and other sections (e.g cultivable land) to the villages This is called the "give and take" fence and needs further study and consultation vi Desertificat ion, land degradation The soils in and around the Makgadikgadi depression have a high content of silt and fine -and and are very susceptible to wind erosion Dust storms are a natural phenomenon in and around the pans and not necessarily prove of desertification Degradation of the vegetation is most evident along the Boteti river (decrease in tree and grass cover), around waterpoints (less grass, more weeds) and around Rakops (poor ground cover) These forms of degradation are caused by drought, increased population density and more intensive land use, and are not easily reversed A partial solution may be provided by natural woodland management and improved village environment (see below) Natural woodland management Although most of LetAD is covered with shrub savanna, areas of dense savanna with valuable forestry resources occur Examples of such resources are the "morukuru woodland" near Khwee, the "riverine woodland" along the Boteti and the mopane dense savanna around Mosu and Nthane It is recotnrnended that inventories are made of these resources and management plans drawn up in co-operation with the communities concemed Village environment Villages like Rakops, Xhumo, Toromoja and Mopipi are exposed to dusty winds An improved micro-climate could be provided by an intensive programme of tree, shrub and hedge plantation around compounds and public places Low mud walls and reed fences could also provide shelter Natural creeping grasses and harmless creeping weeds should be allowed to grow throughout the compound, together with indigenous shrubs and trees along the edges Remaining trees in the village should be protected District Land Use Planning Unit The District Land Use Plarming Unit, both at District and sub-District level, is a good fonun to discuss various land use issues, but should be taken more seriously by the heads of the various departments and institutions involved Major issues should be taken to an inter-ministerial technical committee, such as the Land Development Committee vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The vegetation survey of the present study was carried out with assistance from the Range Ecologist of the Regional Agricultural Office in Francistown (Mr D Tshosa) The land evaluation for animal production was done with assistance from our colleagues in the LUPSAD project, Messrs M.J Powell (Livestock Evaluation Specialist) and J.H.M Pulles (Agricultural Land Use Planner) TI-ifoughout the study, technical and logistical support was received from the Regional Agricultural Office (Central Region) in Serowe and the Ledhakane Disrict Agricultural Office A high level of co-operation was received from the District Administration (Central District and Bolen sub-District), the local administration and from the Department of Wildlife and National Parks viii Table A8.2 VARIOUS PRODUCER PRICES (1995/96) UNIT PRO DUCT TYPE GRADE PRICE SOURCE (Pula) C OPS Sorghum, Segaolane kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg Maize (whlte` KER ? Millet Cowpea (purple) Cowpea (backeye) Chin3 pea uud, - bean F , 11UVE.0CK y be an 5rouncinut (shelled) Grouncinut (shelled) Groundnut (shelled) Sunfiower (ApqiJuly 1995) ELD PRO: 7r1we (ve g., tablci -_etaka (reeds) Morettwa (fruits) Khadi (wine/beer) 0.51 0.49 0.4-4 0.61 0.96 0.72 0.73 -Iraae ade cup bundle 10 kg cup cup 0,42 0.39 0.36 0.36 kg kg kg 143 Glade Grade 3rade Grade 'ANIMAL PRODUCTS Eggs 4.ers (18 monts) C-mti honey !,idirmer's Crnbhoney(MoA) C ade Grade kg 100 kg 100 kg ' JO kg 1,K kg 100 kg Cattle 'F'town acattoir) Grade Grade e SS 0.51 1.32 1.26 1.06 0.58 488.00 Grade 444.00 Grade ' Grade Grade 403,00 372,00 340.00 BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BAMB BMC BMC BMC BMC BMC 0.35 Bekker, 1996 12.50 Bekker 1996 12.00 Serowe RAO 6.50 !Serowe, RAO 1.00 Serowe market 5.001Bekker, 1996 1.00 Serowe market 0.10 Mars, 1996 ANNEX GROSS MARGINS OF SELECTED PRODUCTION SYSTEMS (RAINFED CROPPING) BY LAND UNIT (For explanation see Section 6.2.4 of this report) (1) (2) (4) (3) Land Unit B (6) (5) Potential !Production Variable Production Coste Dependable Value (Pfha) Yield seed Ifertillzer (4) fuel (kg/ha) (Pfha) (b) ic) (d) Production I I System Cr00 210.00 I ! I 88201 0.00 7.50 270.00 113.40! Potential &reel Gross 1,-!-ned Margin (Pfha) 0.001 (8) Potential! Gr, Mar Total ria) ! (P) 11 80.701 1.50 121.05! 423.60, 1 Cr0 (7) 7.50 0.00 0.00 105.90 , 4.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 357.201 1.50 7.50 0.00 0.00 160,501 400 7.50 0.00 81.001 Cr1 (e,0 860.00 361,20 Cr2 400,00 168.001 Crl 630.001 264.601 660.03 361,20 ) 7.50 20.00 108,00 7.50 0.00 ) Sorchum 535.80, I 642.00 176.101 10.00 1751 00 (e) , ! Cr4 l 252.70 10.00 81.00 2527.001 , 100,00 ) Cr130 0.001 100.50 I 1.50 150.75 68.101 4.00 272.40 208.40 I 1.50 312.60 1 Cr0 110.00 75.601 0.00 7.50 0.001 I Cr1 (e)r) 59)' 00 l ) 212,40f 4.00 0.00 0.00 118.60 7.50 0.00 0,00 111.30 ! 4.00 445.20 158.40 7.50 f 0,00 81.00 69.90! 10,00 599.00 212.401 7.50 2000 81.00 107.10 7.50 0.00 0.001 l , Millet I 3! 0.001 Cr2 l ! 440.00 Cr3 Cr4 I e) 590.00 103.93 , 1000f 1039.00 ! i 21000, Cr00 i l 99.601 150 149.401 104.70 ' 400 418.80 , ) ! 22000f Cr0 11220f, 7.50, 0.00 000f I ! Cr1 ( e 367 20 I 720 ,.X Maize 4.00 : 0.00 001 33 ,1't ' 5C 544 E 50: 0.00 0.00, 165 90! 00 663 60 0.00 81.001 166.50 ) 10.00) 166:500 20.00 81.001 i Cr2 346.0_ Cr3 500.00 255.00) 720.00 ' 367.201 173.40) ! I1 I Cr4 (e) 501) 7.50 ! I 258,70 l 10.00 2587.00) ! I Grade for sorghum and maize kg/ha for planting density of 15 000 pl/ha; 1.5 kg/ha for production system Cr1 Cost of fertilizer spread over three years operations, 2.5 hours/ha, 10 l/hour, 1.08 P/1 Extra labour for fertilizer and/or manure application and weeding Extra labour for row p.arl.ng by hand Note: Although some prod-;c:ion systems allow for mixed cropping (Cr00, CrO, Cr2) or inter cropping (Cr1), all re for single crop stands 144 _ Land Untts C and K h'5:055cr Varaba 6',450cror Cos'z 'hotert,ed on 000 Cr00 [.-ter al Area Gross arrred Margo" ra, Vs 0e [el 2sper -41ab!e seed 'a-, zet b) ,C.1 ter P01)ha 000 750 o i) 000 -7 50! 59 70 67 20 750 DC 000 400 000 000 311 001 280.00 [ 117 60 '5.1 000 000 r 110 550 001 231 00 750 001 315 750,00 00 750 , LP21 501 -1125 400 238 80 150 466 50 [ 400 440.40 000 81 00 142 50 10 001 1425 DO' 20 00 81 00 206 50 10.001 2065 001 0.001 0,00 750 000 000 r -750 150 110.001 39.60 750 000 0.001 32.10 400 128 40 '0r00 Cr0 I Gr Mar Tztal ' 315 00 160 00 [ P5ter a! I -11 251 Cr1 5,0 00 83.60 430 (4 00 000 179 60 1,501 269,40 Cr2 4200 64.80 750 000 000 57.30 4.00 229 20 Cr3 360,00 129.60 7,501 0001 81.001 41 10 10.00 411.00 510 183.60 750 20 001 8' 00 ' 75.10 10,001 751 00 000 i Millet Cr4 (411 ! , Cr00 000 300 750 Cr0 60001 3060[ 7501 270 30 ' 4.001 c? 91 80 750 0)0 78 50 750 000 [ - 30 50 2% 001 -750 , JO 150 , 000 000 ! 400 23101 92.40 [ Cr1 (e,e1 530 00 Cr2 18,01.0 'X', ' 000 26-630 50 099 45 400 337 20 90 001 10 00 900 DO Marze 1 [ Cr3' 000 8430 , , ', '11 Cr4 (01 Land Unit D 1P-oc-5t cr i .t o'er- 3, P-7,,,.,,,et r k, arras, v 9- 5,99 Va -6 P,7 , e, r .,_ ,_ 21_31:1,1 _rr aseo 8' 00 II.St'S 10)0 161 BO ''''C' ental , ue ,,r, _, r?_ Marg,n rr_rr 1618 Potenta, Area m 'ared G,3ss tehr,,ze t_ LE - ri :',./c: 0i.,,, 77r9L I SIT., - 81 001 Gr Mar Tctar , tat , r.hat 90 -.; ( e 30 50 100 D810 [ '50 '0215 1 Cr0 Cr' '5 , ,e '1( Cr2 "0000 34' 1C3'0 ! z Cr3 "((", 0X ,.)0 4'908r) b8700 03e 4584U 150 750 000 70 400 6' 750 2:590 10 Ot 8'3e 353.50 10.00 3l535,00 °C, 1' SO ISOJ 777' 4.00 33C, 10 302,00 1.50 4530(1 344 40 70[ Cr4 Cr1 '2600 te, 750 )0 90 00 7501 306 00 001 000 133 20 750 125.70 400 5C2 BO 2304C 7c01 41.90 r (193 14 ' 9.:.30 '000 '475 '40 250'0 Cr0 750 3)0 C-00 462 00 al Cr2 ,Co Cr3 (540 00 Cr4 450 101 097,50 , Cr1 Cr2 (e, 'Be 00 750 0)0 150 220 00 [ 7: 03e 62240 43(1 000 40G , 0.00 122 [z 00 000 501 i Cr3 90000 454 5; 000 [ 7501 8' 00 r 370 50 10.00 3705 C0 , Cr4 '22000 52223 750 `, 8* 0(1 7J 10 001 5137 00 0:1 145 - Land Unit F Pot.- - a Prs)OL.,:tion C osts o ) s eoe- 111'.:aucton Sys4em /terr,hzer d 0100 CC Ì cro Cri n, PC,,e-Irv tarmac Mar Grose Margin P/ha fuel s Area Potent's); -1.7n3 12180F 7501 0.00 00 114 301 150 '7, 45 1660Ci 750 000 000 160 50 4001 54200 445 20 400 0.00 00X1 441 20 150 4031 112320 Sorg1nurn 26980 750 01)2 0.00 282 30! 60X , 375O 750 0042 8100 239 101 10001 2391 00 1060 DO , 445 20 50 29 00 81 00 338.70 1090 Cr2 Cr3 Cr4 (01 cro Cr1 8.90 00 (e., 150 0.00 144 CO 3367 001 11160 7.50 0.00 00 41640 320.40 4.00 0.00 316.40 1,50 474 ac' 090 179.70 Ì 4.00 716 60, 1) e 000 Cr2 187.201 Cr3 237.50 7,50 89 X 320.40 7,50 Cr00 299 001 147.90 7.50 000 0.00 140 40 ! 1.50 ' C 50 Cr0 3.1 X i 158.10 7,50 03)2 000 15060 Ì 400 50247 Cr1 550,80 4.00 00 000 S4680 I 50 ; 82020 Cr2 3050) 7.50 03X1 000 298 50 Ì 40X3 Cr3 402.901 7,50 0.00 oo 3i440 10.00'1 314-4 001 550.601 7.50 20.00 81 00 442.30 10 00 / 442300 Cr4 (r)i Land Units Pcte^',a, ÌP"o 1.1 , 'P -a` '0500, seed (Ìb) iferneir fz , 750 Ì 0001 149' X 211 901 1000 21190C IÌ 113400 1 fuel (.< 149101 10,00 Potential Area Pc'e^"a Gross farmer); G" Ma, Margin 4.,,i0 c;=, , ; :50091 Cr00 a ,e e :1 @.-4-'a 20 Prod rd: on Variable Production Costa Deoe,da-_-le G, E, H, M 81.00 P/ha d ' °)'l 0X 97 50 , 150 '46 25 ; 0001 126901 40X3 507 501 000 395 00 501 t92 5C I , 1, Ì CM 320X1 13440Ì 750I 0901 1 CO k, i Ì i 39900/ 400, 0001 ; rghurn Cr2 20180 i 750; 000; 01)3 750y, 000 81 00; I -6 :H 19410 4043 21390 100X2 2,39 Xi 29050 10.00 23(1500 1 ' Cr3 302 40 r I , I Cr4 (r) li 39900 4,5;1 750 20901 8100, Cr00 ; 136,60 750 00X3 01)2 129 30 9350 750 000 0.00 277 20 I CO 0.00; '4040 750 0.00 560.001 291 601 7.501 770 03 277 20 750 3&.; i.X1 I 50 I '33 351 86.10 4.00 344 40 0.00 273 20 150 409 BO 0.00 132 90 4.00 531 691 0901 8100 113 10 20.001 8100 168 70 2601X1 Cr0 i I i Cr1 Mine 7700X3 (r , n , 390 001 Cr2 i Ì Cr3 I 10(33 Cr4 c`; 1: 10133 7.50 0.00 O 120 001 150 122.401 7.50 0.00 0.00 114 901 490 459 50 41:4 101 4.00 0.00 0904 460.1C 150 690 '5 501 750 0.00 0.001 'C Cr00 Cr0 Crl 01 Cr2 0r3 552 33150 490; 1112471 750 co 81 X 243 1000 750 zo co' 811X1 355.601 10,00; 3536X 243000 Cr4 91000 484.101 146 _ Land Unit J , ,-,3( uctort S'y S1e711 Cr00 Proa,,chor Vanatle P''z'r,,cr l' 53s35 Potentsal ,7721e,,,E41 Dependable Yield Va,ue seec: 'Er7 ,:er ' e A.4argm k9lha) ,2 °Lal I , , P ,{7 1-du 350,001 147001 7501 030 000 450,001 189 001 750 000 L 20 462X1 40)0 000 I r 4-ae l7.3./antla /armed G Ma , ras3 70,,ta °!.1; ' 39 50 150 209.25 '81 50 400 726.00 Cr0 Crl (250 1100001 455 00 1.501 Sorghum 69'.X 319 201 750 000 344401 7501 00r3; 255 90 1000, 2559 :X 46205) 750 81001 353 50 '000 3535 OC 158 40 ; 750 DO 150 90 150 226 35 34000 122.40)1 750 O 114.90 43000 33480,! 400i 550 XI 19800 7.50 LC Cr2 LO1 Cr3 Cr4 (011 iico 44005) 430 70 1223.8C, Cr0 Ori r6, c 45960 496 20 illet Cr2 19050 7620X1 Cr3 30 ; Qj 6CC1 '5630 156330 Cr4 501 20 001 5" X 228 30 228330 000 000 171 00 256 501 O" 5)01 15630 74520 4'O) oo 592 70 889 05 750 cr 349 50 4.00 1'308 70 8' X 325 00 1030 345030 20 10 DO 4882 :0 C-OC 35 00 OTC 08000 I 5u1 03 '80 Cri;,,! 7C rrapze CI 7000 0:57 SC, Cr3 850.001 43O 50! Crd 117030 750 750 I Land Untt L :- _r, 5E., oG %,.44 - _ 3-5E or: C5r5 le; 7$6,90, - ' os; ,a Ijr, Cr00 12;.; Cr0 313 X Cr1 Dr CO2 Cra =1,-,,03I , L fce, ' :, ma,,-;, ,_ 2: 030 '1 7,dr C 4,"^40 rA000 "5 CX 00 '57Q 85r 7.501 DC sX C.' Ares Pc:4,1a farmed' Gr ',Aar G-rr ,- ns, ,ra Le: 1,a, 8, 2004) 10i -22 77 7, E 150) Del 490 BC 695 501! 430 r' 0:58, 501C JO 32 6435 401 742 8011 2685 X11 '77301 3615001 750 000 750 C X Cr0401 350 co Cre 240.00 56 40 Ori rc, hi 830.00 298 80 DOI 380.00 129 80 750 7101 150 '850 430 3'5501 '5 442 2C1 4.30 ¿5640) Cr3 Cr4 (4,;1 1'775 11550 0052 2°"'90 OCA) DO '052 1C 750 :00 E )01 750 l'DC I 13' 10, 1000, 1311 X, 1030 "9033C, Cr00 Cr0 Cr1 61 20 ; hi 28000 '3250 1020 DO; 5202(L Cr2 400 00; Cr3 730 CO; Cr '020.001 750 , 000 X; 53'O _ICI 125 10 4.00 00 431 180 774 30;i 0, JO '7," X