Câu tường thuật đặc biệt

Had better “You’d better” có thể không thay đổi trong câu gián tiếp hoặc có thể sử dụng “advise” Ví dụ: He said “You’d better tell Tom” He said I’d better tell Tom.. “I/we had better” th

Câu tường thuật đặc biệt

1 Had better

“You’d better” có thể không thay đổi trong câu gián tiếp hoặc có thể sử dụng “advise”

Ví dụ:

He said “You’d better tell Tom”

He said I’d better tell Tom

He advised me to tell Tom

“I/we had better” thường không thay đổi trong câu gián tiếp

He said “I’d better wait”

He said He’d better wait

2 “I should… (if I were you” thường sử dụng từ advise trong câu gián tiếp.

I said “Shall I write to Ann?” “I should phone her (if I were you).” Said Peter

I asked if I should write to Ann and Peter advised me to phone her

3 What about

What about thường là 1 lời gợi ý và sẽ sủ dụng suggest trong câu gián tiếp

- “What about flying?” he said

 He suggested flying

- “I can’t come at 1.00,’ said Ann ‘Then what about 2.00?’ said Tom

 Ann said she couldn’t come at 1.00 so Tom suggested 2.00

4 “Why don’t you” thường là 1 lời gợi ý hoặc lời khuyên nên sẽ được sử dụng từ “suggest” hoặc “ advise”

“ I wonder if Tom is coming.’ Said Ann

“Why don’t you ask him?” I said

Ann wondered if Tom was coming I advised her to ask him / I suggested (her) asking him

5 “Could I have” thường sử dụng “ ask for” trong câu gián tiếp.

“Could I have a cup of coffee” she said.

 She asked (me) for a cup of coffee

6 “Could you” thường dùng cho yêu cầu và được sử dụng cấu trúc ask + O+ infinitive

“Could you sign the book, please?” he said

He asked me to sign the book

Nhưng khi “Could you” dùng để đưa ra 1 câu hỏi bình thường thì động từ sẽ không thay đổi

Ví dụ:

“ Could you live entirely on your own?” he said

He asked if I coud live entirely on my own

7 Would you mind + Ving

Ví dụ: “Would you mind waiting for me” he asked me

He asked me to wait for him

He asked if I would mind waiting for him

8 Offer có thể được sử dụng 2 cấu trúc:

Ví dụ: “ Would you like a drink?”

He offered me a drink

“Shall I wait for you? I’ll wait for you if you like.”

He offered to wait for me

9 Cấu trúc: V + Sb+ to + V+ something.

Tell, order, urge ( thúc giục), ask, beg ( nài nỉ van xin) invite, advise, warn, remind

10 Cấu trúc với “let”

10.1 Let’s go

He said “ let’s go” = He suggested going = He suggested that we should go = He urged/ advised them to go

10.2 Let’s not go

Let’s not go có thể được sử dụng như let’s go nhưng ở phủ định.

Nhưng có 1 cách khác là:

He was against going

He was opposed (to) going

10.3 Let them go

He said “Let them go” có thể trở thành:

- He suggested that they should go/ suggested their going

- He said that they were to go

10.4 Let có thể có nghĩa là allow (cho phép)

“Let me go” the boy said to the policeman

The boy asked the policeman to let him go

Câu tường thuật đặc biệt 2

11 Reporting verbs and patterns

11.1 Verb pattern 1:

verb + object +to infinitive

Examples of verbs:

TELL/ REMIND/ FORBID (cấm)/ PERSUADE/ WARN/ ORDER/ COMMAND/ INVITE/ ENCOURAGE/ URGE/ BEG

“You should give up smoking.”

Michael ENCOURAGED his sister to give up smoking

11.2 Verb pattern 2:

verb + infinitive

Examples of verbs:

REFUSE/ THREATEN/ PROMISE/ WANT/ WISH/ OFFER/ AGREE/ DECIDE

“Shall I take you to the station?”

She OFFERED to take me to the station.

11.3 Verb pattern 3:

verb + that + subject + verb

Examples of verbs:

COMPLAIN/ DOUBT/ DENY/ ADMIT/ EXCLAIM/ HOPE/ THINK/ EXPECT/ FEEL/ ADD/ POINT OUT/ AGREE/ REPLY/ ANSWER / ADMIT/ DECIDE/ DENY/ EXPLAIN/ INSIST/ PROMISE/ RECOMMEND/ SUGGEST

11.4 Verb pattern 4

Verb + gerund

Deny/ recommend/ suggest

He denied having anything to do with her

Ken suggested studying early in the morning

11.5 Verb pattern 5:

verb + preposition + Object + Gerund

Examples of verbs:

APOLOGISE SOMEONE FOR/ CONGRATULATE SOMEONE ON/ THANK SOMEONE FOR/ ACCUSE SOMEONE OF

“You stole the money!”

They ACCUSED HIM OF stealing the money.

11.6 Verb pattern 6

Verb + preposition+ gerund

APOLOGIZE for / INSIST on

Insist

He apologized for being late

She insisted on doing the washing up

REPORTING VERBS

G WORD VIETNAMES E

DEFINITION

1 Accuse Buộc tội S+ accuse + O+ of+ gerund They accused the boys of

cheating on the exam

2 Admit Thú nhận S+ admit+ That + indirect

speech S+ admit + (to) + V-ing

Tom admitted that he had tried

to leave early

Tom admitted to breaking the law

3 Advise Khuyên S+ advise + O + to infinitive She advised me to leave early

4 Agree Đồng ý S + agree + with + someone I agreed with you that they

should do that

S+ agree + on/ about something I don’t agree with you on several points

S + agree+ that+ indirect speech

She agreed that we needed to reconsider our plan

5 Announce Thông báo S+ announce + that + indirect

speech

Peter announced that he had voted for Obama

6 Answer Trả lời S + answer + that + indirect

speech

He answered that he had learned it in one day

7 Apologize Xin lỗi S + apologize for + gerund He apologized for being late

S+ apologize to someone for something You must apologize to her for being so rude

8 Complain Phàn nàn S + complain + to someone

that + indirect speech

She complained to the waiter that her soup was cold

S + complain + of/ about something

She complained about their behavior

9 Deny Từ chối S + deny + that + indirect

speech

He denied that this was a political decision

S + deny + gerund He denied having anything to

do with her

10 Explain Giải thích S + explain ( to+ object) that +

indirect speech

The tour guide explained to the tourists that they needed a visa

11 Insist Khăng khăng S + insist + on +gerund She insisted on doing the

washing up

S + insist + that + indirect speech

He insisted that I bought it

12 Mention Đề cập đến,

nhắc đến S + mention + that + indirect speech He mentioned that he wanted to buy that book

13 Offer Mời S + offer + to infinitive She offered to give him a lift

to work

S + offer + O + noun He offered me a cigarette

14 Order Ra lệnh S + order + O + to infinitive The officer ordered them to

fire

15 Promise Hứa S + promise + that + indirect He promised me that he would

speech do it.

S +promise + to infinitive He promised to buy me a ring

S + promise + someone+

something

He had promised me a bike

16 Refuse Từ chối S + refuse + O+ to infinitive My brother refused to do the

job

17

Recommend Khuyên, giới thiệu S + recommend that + subject + (should) infinitive I recommend that you (should)rest

18 Remind Nhắc S + Remind + O + to infinitive He reminded me to buy some

apples

19 Say Nói S+ say + that + indirect speech She said that she wanted a new

car

S + say + to + O + indirect speech

I said to my wife that I was surprised at the result

20 Suggest Gợi ý S + suggest + to + O + that + S

+ should + verb

She suggested (to us) that we should wait

S + suggest+ gerund Ken suggested studying early

in the morning

S + suggest + to + O + that + S + infinitive without to She suggested (to us) that we wait

21 tell Nói S + tell +O + to infinitive I told her to phone back later

S + tell + O + that + indirect speech

Nobody told me that the meeting was at nine

22 Threaten Dọa S + threaten + to infinitive She threatened to jump from

20th floor