How to use Adjectives and Adverbs

Adjectives Definition  Adjectives tell us something about a person or a thing Adjectives can modify nouns (here: girl) or pronouns (here: she)  Adjectives describe nouns by giving some information about an object’s size, shape, age, color, origin or material  They go before the noun and They can also be alone after the verb to be  They have the same form in the singular and plural Ex: He is young and famous I’ve got an expensive car This is a big house Types of Adjective  Possessive Adjectives  Demonstrative Adjective  Numeral Adjective  Descriptive Adjective  Interrogative Adjective Types of Adjective  Possessive Adjective My, your, his, her, its, our, their Ex: This is my book Her car is outside  Demonstrative Adjective This, that, these, those Ex: That man is very handsome These girls are good-looking 2 Types of Adjective  Numeral Adjective  one, two, three… or first, second, third… Ex: Ankor temper has got five towers  Some, any, much, many, a few, a little, a lot of, lots of… Ex: I’ve got some friends  Every, each, another, other,… Ex: Each student is very friendly They speak to another person 2 Types of Adjective  Descriptive Adjective is the adjective that is used to tell the sorts of noun or quality Example:  tall man  green vegetables  a square box  dangerous chemicals  a true story  English language Types of Adjective  Interrogative Adjective is the adjective that is used to ask the question They are whose, what, which… Example:  Which animal you like?  What food you prefer?  Whose book is that? What Do Adjectives Look Like? -able/-ible – adorable, responsible, uncomfortable -al – educational, -an – American, Mexican -ar – popular -ent – intelligent, silent, violent -ful – harmful, powerful -ic/-ical – athletic, magic, scientific -ile – fragile -ive – informative, native, talkative -less – careless, homeless -ous – cautious, dangerous, enormous -some – awesome, handsome, 10 11 12 13 14 15 The car sustained heavy damage in the accident He has written several stories  A dog is very faithful to its master.  Every man has his duties He is a man of few words Neither party is quite in the right  Which color you prefer? The way was long, the wind was cold He calls me every day I have not seen him in several days.  John won the second prize.  He was absent from the class.  He died a glorious death.  A small leak is enough to sink a great ship.  King Francis was a hearty king and loved a royal sport Adverbs Definition  Adverbs describe verbs It shows how, where, when or how often someone does something Ex: He walked slowly (How?) He stays here (Where?) He wakes up early (When?) He plays football once a week (how often?)  Adverbs can modify verbs (here: drive), adjectives or other adverbs Ex: He drove slowly (modify a verb) He drove a very fast car (modify an adj) She moved quite slowly down to the aisle (modify a adverb) Definition  Adverbs usually go after verbs Ex: He walks slowly She sings beautifully  Sometimes adverbs go before the verb, e.g the adverbs of frequency (often, always…) Ex: She often visits her parents Adjective vs Adverbs Adjective Adverb Mandy is a careful girl Mandy drives carefully She is very careful She drives carefully Mandy is a careful driver This sentence is about Mandy, the driver, so use the adjective Mandy drives carefully This sentence is about her way of driving, so use the adverb 2 Form a Adjective + -ly adjective dangerous careful nice horrible easy electronic adverb dangerously carefully nicely horribly easily electronically  If the adjective ends in -y, change -y to -i Then add -ly: Ex: happy – happily but: shy – shyly  If the adjective ends in -le, the adverb ends in -ly: Ex: terrible – terribly  If the adjective ends in -e, then add -ly: Ex: safe – safely but: gentle - gently  If the adjective ends in -ic, add -ally Ex: Basic - basically but: public -> publicly   Not all words ending in -ly are adverbs: adjectives ending in -ly : friendly, silly, lonely, ugly nouns, ending in -ly : ally, bully, Italy, melancholy verbs, ending in -ly : apply, rely, supply There is no adverb for an adjective ending in -ly b Tính t k ết thúc b ằng -ly ta dùng c ụm “in a… way” đ ể th ể hi ện cách th ức Ex: Silly  He behaved in a silly way Friendly  He spoke in a friendly way c Một số tr ạng t có hình th ức gi ống nh tính t (Irregular form) Adjective Adverb Good Well Fast Fast Hard Hard Late Late Early Early Daily Daily Straight Straight Wrong Wrong / wrongly Ex: He drives too fast He drives too fastly He speaks English well He speaks English good My mother always works hard My mother always works hardly They arrived late for the party They arrived lately for the party  Note: some verbs take an adj not an adv Look, smell, sound, feel, taste + adj Ex: They look happy He feels terrible The pizza tastes good It sounds good Peter's feet smell bad 3 Use of Adverbs  to modify verbs Ex: The handball team played badly last Saturday  to modify adjectives Ex: It was an extremely bad match There are quite a lot of people here  to modify adverbs Ex: The handball team played extremely badly  last Wednesday to modify sentences Ex: Unfortunately, the flight to Dallas had been cancelled 4 Types of Adverbs  Adverbs of Manner : tr ạng ng ữ ch ỉ th ể cách    She moved slowly and spoke quietly  Adverbs of Place: tr ạng ng ữ ch ỉ n ch ốn    She has lived on the island all her life    She still lives there now  Adverbs of Frequency: tr ạng ng ữ ch ỉ s ự th ường xuyên    She takes the boat to the mainland every day    She often goes by herself  Adverbs of Time: tr ạng ng ữ ch ỉ th ời gian    She tries to get back before dark    It's starting to get dark now     Adverbs of degree: tr ạng ng ữ ch ỉ m ức đ ộ She is running very fast You speak too quickly for me to understand 5 Position of adverbs  Adverb at the beginning of a sentence Ex: Unfortunately, we could not see Everest Mount  Adverb in the middle of a sentence Ex: The children often ride their bikes  Adverb at the end of a sentence Ex: Andy reads a comic every afternoon  If there are more adverbs at the end of a sentence, the word order is normally: Manner – Place – Frequency -Time Ex: Peter sang the song happily in the bathroom yesterday evening [...]... Ex: The handball team played badly last Saturday  to modify adjectives Ex: It was an extremely bad match There are quite a lot of people here  to modify adverbs Ex: The handball team played extremely badly  last Wednesday to modify sentences Ex: Unfortunately, the flight to Dallas had been cancelled 4 Types of Adverbs  Adverbs of Manner : tr ạng ng ữ ch ỉ th ể cách    She moved slowly and spoke.. .Adverbs 1 Definition  Adverbs describe verbs It shows how, where, when or how often someone does something Ex: He walked slowly (How? ) He stays here (Where?) He wakes up early (When?) He plays football once a week (how often?)  Adverbs can modify verbs (here: drive), adjectives or other adverbs Ex: He drove slowly (modify a verb) He drove a very... spoke quietly  Adverbs of Place: tr ạng ng ữ ch ỉ n ơi ch ốn    She has lived on the island all her life    She still lives there now  Adverbs of Frequency: tr ạng ng ữ ch ỉ s ự th ường xuyên    She takes the boat to the mainland every day    She often goes by herself  Adverbs of Time: tr ạng ng ữ ch ỉ th ời gian    She tries to get back before dark    It's starting to get dark now     Adverbs of degree:... quite slowly down to the aisle (modify a adverb) 1 Definition  Adverbs usually go after verbs Ex: He walks slowly She sings beautifully  Sometimes adverbs go before the verb, e.g the adverbs of frequency (often, always…) Ex: She often visits her parents Adjective vs Adverbs Adjective Adverb Mandy is a careful girl Mandy drives carefully She is very careful She drives carefully Mandy is a careful... ức đ ộ She is running very fast You speak too quickly for me to understand 5 Position of adverbs  Adverb at the beginning of a sentence Ex: Unfortunately, we could not see Everest Mount  Adverb in the middle of a sentence Ex: The children often ride their bikes  Adverb at the end of a sentence Ex: Andy reads a comic every afternoon  If there are more adverbs at the end of a sentence, the word... drives too fast He drives too fastly He speaks English well He speaks English good My mother always works hard My mother always works hardly They arrived late for the party They arrived lately for the party  Note: some verbs take an adj not an adv Look, smell, sound, feel, taste + adj Ex: They look happy He feels terrible The pizza tastes good It sounds good Peter's feet smell bad 3 Use of Adverbs  to. .. is a careful driver This sentence is about Mandy, the driver, so use the adjective Mandy drives carefully This sentence is about her way of driving, so use the adverb 2 Form a Adjective + -ly adjective dangerous careful nice horrible easy electronic adverb dangerously carefully nicely horribly easily electronically  If the adjective ends in -y, change -y to -i Then add -ly: Ex: happy – happily but:... adjective ends in -e, then add -ly: Ex: safe – safely but: gentle - gently  If the adjective ends in -ic, add -ally Ex: Basic - basically but: public -> publicly   Not all words ending in -ly are adverbs: adjectives ending in -ly : friendly, silly, lonely, ugly nouns, ending in -ly : ally, bully, Italy, melancholy verbs, ending in -ly : apply, rely, supply There is no adverb for an adjective ending ... 3 Use of Adverbs  to modify verbs Ex: The handball team played badly last Saturday  to modify adjectives Ex: It was an extremely bad match There are quite a lot of people here  to modify adverbs. .. small leak is enough to sink a great ship.  King Francis was a hearty king and loved a royal sport Adverbs Definition  Adverbs describe verbs It shows how, where, when or how often someone does... vs Adverbs Adjective Adverb Mandy is a careful girl Mandy drives carefully She is very careful She drives carefully Mandy is a careful driver This sentence is about Mandy, the driver, so use