Say, speak, tell, talk

Go/ went/ gone Come/ came/ comeUsage Điện thoại: Người nói đang ở vị trí A, người nghe đang ở vị trí B, nếu người nói bảo đến nhà người nghe B thì dùng “come” Ex: I’ll come to your hous

Say, Speak, Tell, Talk

Forms Meanings Example S

1)He can speak English.2)I’m wrong I should speak to her

“inform” meaning 1)My father told me grandpa to go to visit my

2)My girlfriend is telling a terrible ghost story

3)She rarely tells me about her life

4)He told me that I would be dismissed

1)I don’t want to say “goodbye” to her.2)People say that smoking is a bad habbit

Go vs Come

Go/ went/ gone Come/ came/ come

To go back??? ^.^ To come back??? 

Position Go there Come here.

Go away from me, please Come to me, please

Formal Leave/ left/ left Arrive / arrived/ arrived

Usage Đề nghị đi cùng ai đó đến đâu Đề nghị được đi cùng ai đến đâu

I’ll go to the theatre with you I’ll come to the theatre with you.

Bắt đầu/ chuẩn bị đến hay trên đường đến

Đến được nơi nào rồi

Now I am going to the theatre Now I am coming to the theatre.

Go/ went/ gone Come/ came/ come

Usage Điện thoại: Người nói đang ở vị trí A, người nghe

đang ở vị trí B, nếu người nói bảo đến nhà người nghe (B) thì dùng “come”

Ex: I’ll come to your house.

Điện thoại: Người nói đang ở vị trí A, người nghe đang ở vị trí B, nếu người nói bảo đến vị trí C nào khác thì dùng “come” hoặc “go”

Ex: Let’s come to Tom’s house = Let’s go to Tom’s house.

Do vs Make

Do/ did/ done Make/ made/ made

Intro - Trợ động từ (Auxilary verb)

What do you do?

- Động từ thường (General verb)

What do you do?

- Động từ thường (General verb)

I’ll make a cup of tea for you.

Do/ did/ done Make/ made/ made

Do + task (những hoạt động hàng ngày) Make for constructing, building or

creating you can touch

- To do a job

- To do the housework

- To do my/ your homework

- To do the washing: giặt quần áo

- To do the washing – up = to clean the

- To make coffee/ tea

- To make breakfast/ lunch/ dinner/

supper

- To make a photocopy

- To make a film/ video

- To make a mess

Do/ did/ done Make/ made/ made

- To do your best = to try your best

- To make money = to earn money

- To make friends with sb

- To make a fool of sb:

- To make a choice

- To make a decision = to decide

- To make a difference = to differenciate

Do/ did/ done Make/ made/ made

Structures What do you do?

= What is your job?

To make + O + (V) + Adj

Ex 1: He made me feel bored.

Ex 2: He always makes me angry.

Take – Bring – Carry

Person - People

RELATIVE CLAUSE

who subject or object pronoun for people I told you about the woman who lives next door.which subject or object pronoun for animals and things Do you see the cat which is lying on the roof?which referring to a whole sentence He couldn’t read which surprised me.

whose possession for people animals and things Do you know the boy whose mother is a nurse?

whom

object pronoun for people, especially in non-defining relative clauses (in defining relative clauses we colloquially

prefer who)

I was invited by the professor whom I

met at the conference

that

subject or object pronoun for people, animals and things in

defining relative clauses (who or

which are also possible)

I don’t like the table that stands in the

kitchen

Relative Adverbs

Relative

when in/on which refers to a time expression the day when we met him

where in/at which refers to a place the place where we met him

why for which refers to a reason the reason why we met him

THE ROLE

• 1 When the relative pronounce (who,

which, that) acts as subject of the relative

• 2 When the relative pronounce (who,

whom, which, that) acts as the object of the relative clause  it can be omitted

DEFINED vs UNDEFINDED

• 1 Undefined relative clause: Mệnh đề quan hệ không

xác định  dấu phẩy được đặt sau thành phần mà

(CANNOT be replaced by that)

a Bổ sung ý nghĩa cho danh từ CHỈ CÓ MỘT!

My mother, who works as a representative of a famous

company, is very active.

b Bổ sung ý nghĩa cho danh từ riêng:

Have you talked to Ms Chan, who is going to fly with you

to Bangkok?

Hanoi, where I was born, is the capital of Vietnam.

c Bổ sung ý nghĩa cho cả câu

Eliot failed his past exam; which upset his parents greatly.

DEFINED vs UNDEFINDED

2 Defined relative clause: Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định The person who works as a representative of NWY Company is my husband’s friend in high school = The person that works as a representative of NWY Company is my husband’s friend in high school

The city where Jack grew up in has many nice

landscapes.

= The city that Jack grew up in has many nice

landscapes

INVERSION

1 Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT

No+ N + auxiliary+S+Verb(inf)

Not any+ N+ auxiliary+ S+ verb(inf)

Eg: No money shall I lend you from now on ( I shall lend you no money from now on)

= Not any money shall I lend you from now on ( I

shall not lend you any money from now on)

2 2 Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định: Never, Rarely,

Seldom, Little, Hardly ever,

Never/ Rarely/ Seldom /Little/ Hardly ever+

auxiliary+ S+ V

Never in mid-summer does it snow,

Hardly ever does he speak in the public

3 Đảo ngữ với ONLY

a) Only once : chỉ một lần

I have seen ShrekI only once.

b) Only later : chỉ sau này, mãi đến sau này

-Mary did not know she was an adopted child until later.

3 Đảo ngữ với ONLY

c) only in this way : chỉ theo cách này

only in that way : chỉ theo các đó

-We can only achieve our goal in this way Only in this way can we achieve our goals -Our group will be able to solve the problem only in that way.

Only in that way will our group be able to

solve the problem.

d) only then + auxiliary+ S+ V

3 Đảo ngữ với ONLY

Only by treating people nicely will you be

treated well in return.

Only by working out regularly can we keep fit.

3 Đảo ngữ với ONLY

g* only when+ clause : chỉ khi mà

only after +clause: chỉ sau khi

only if+ clause: chỉ khi

** Lưu ý: Mệnh đề đứng ngay đằng sau “only when”,

“only after”, và “only if” thì không được đảo ngữ,

mà phải đảo ngữ ở mệnh đề thứ hai.

Xem xét kỹ các ví dụ dưới đây

Only when I took an English class at Beonline did I like English.

(= I only liked English when I took an English class at Beonline).

3 Đảo ngữ với ONLY

Only after the children have finished dinner will they

Only in his house does he feel safe.

(= He only feels safe in his house).

• 4 Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No

At no time: không khi nào

On no condition : trong điều kiện gì… Cũng không…

On no account + auxiliary+ S+ N : không vì lý do gì Under/ in no circumstances : trong hoàn cảnh nào

cũng không

For no season : không vì lý do gì

In no way

No longer : không còn nữa

For no reason shall you skip class.

The money is not to be paid under any circumstances

= Under no circumstances is the money to be paid

On no condition shall we accept their proposal

5 No sooner than = ngay khi… thì…

Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely When/ before

No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang

Hardly had she put up her umbrella before the rain became down in torrents

6 Đảo ngữ với Not only but also : không những mà còn

Not only + auxiliary + S + V but also

Not only is he good at E but he also draw very well Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly

7 Đảo ngữ với SO

So+ adj/ adv + auxiliary + S+V+ that clause

So dark is it that I can't write

(= It is so dark that I can’t write)

So busy am I that I don't have time to look after myself

So difficult was the exam that few student pass it

So attractive is she that many boys run after her

8 So+ adjective+ be+ N+ clause

So intelligent is she that she can answer all questions in the interview

So carefully did she do her homework that the teacher could find no mistake.

Such a smart girl is she that we all like

her.

9 Đảo ngữ với until/ till+ clause/ adv of time+ auxiliary+ S+ V

Not until: mãi đến khi

a Sau “not until” thì phải có mốc thời gian như: later,

10 p.m., yesterday, last year, last month, now, then,

I won't come home till 10 o'clock

=Not until/till 10 o'clock will I come home

= It is not until 10 o'clock that I will come home

b* Nếu sau “not until” là mệnh đề thì mệnh đề đó không đảo ngữ, mà phải đảo ngữ ở mệnh đề thứ hai (giống như với “only when”, “only after” và “only if”)

Not until I knew him well did I begin to trust him.

(= I did not trust him until I knew him well).

10 Đảo ngữ với No where+ AuX+ S+V :

không ở đâu

No where in the VN is the cenery as

beautiful as that in my country

No where do I feel as comfortable as I do at home

No where can you buy the goods as good as those in my country

11 Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện

a, Câu đk loại 1: If clause = should+S+V

Should she come late she will miss the train

should he lend me some money I will buy that house

b, Câu đk loại 2:If clause= Were S +to V/ Were+S

If I were you I would work harder =Were I you

If I knew her I would invite her to the party= Were I

to know her

c, Câu đk loại 3 : If clause = Had+S+PII

If my parents hadn't encouraged me, I would have taken pass exam

= Had my parents not encouraged me

1 You mustn't press this red button under any

6 They didn't win a game all season.

9 Kate not only spilled wine on the carpet but

she also broke six glasses.

® Not only

10 I'd never seen such a gigantic fish before!

® Never !

COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

FANBOYS(For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So)

CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS

both and S-S Both my sister and my brother play the piano.

either or N-N Tonight's program is either Mozart or Beethoven.

neither nor S-S Neither the orchestra nor the chorus was able to

overcome the terrible acoustics in the church

not only but

also

Sen.-sen Not only does Sue raise money for the symphony, but

she also ushers at all of their concerts.

SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

EFFECT

OPPOSITION CONDITION

CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

- However: tuy nhiên

- Moreover: hơn nữa

- Furthermore: hơn nữa, thêm vào đó

- Therefore: vì thế

- Nevertheless: tuy vậy

- Thus: tuy vậy

- Otherwise: nếu không thì

- Consequently: kết quả là

Fill in the blank the correct conjunctions.

1 Mike was cold, he put on a coat.

2 Maria tried to read a novel in French,

it was too difficult.

3 To get from Vancouver to Victoria, you can fly, you can ride the ferry.

4 I bought a bottle of wine, we

drank it together.

5 The waiter was not very nice, the food was delicious.

Fill in the blank the correct conjunctions.

Exercises on Page 43