unit china

China Facts  Almost as big as Europe  It is the most populated country in the world (1,330,141,000 – 2010)  1/5 of total population of the world (!)  Rate of Natural Increase =  Natural Increase / Population x 100  0.6% annual growth rate Population density is very uneven  The majority of the population (95%) live in the eastern part  In the western part: large areas are unpopulated  Reflects the different physical conditions physical conditions  Western part: mountains, plateau, deserts – climate and soil are unfavorable for agriculture  Eastern part: has been inhabited for thousands of years – fertile soils, favorable climate for agriculture (wet continental, humid subtropical) Problems with providing food…  Could only be solved by a radical policy which concerns the growth of population     For this traditional Chinese society had to be changed Legal age for marriage is higher  (22 for males, 20 for females) Planning births One child policy  Natural increase is lower than in other developing countries in Asia (!) End goal – zero population growth  Difficult to achieve because of the large population base Agriculture – arable land  1/10 of the area of China is arable land  The main area: eastern part, harvests are possible – very important since the extenction is limited  IRRIGATION significant  Requires a lot of water Most important crop: RICE  FERTILISATION DEVELOPMENT, helped to increase PRODUCTIVITY crops  Leading crop: RICE  Wheat: mainly in the northern parts (precipitation is not sufficient for rice), southern parts in the dry season  Soybean  Peanut  Cotton  TEA energy  Mainly generated is thermal power stations based on coal  Hydroelectric power The textile industry  Before the Second World War the only significant branch  Cheap labour force  Lots of factories  Imported raw material  Products were exported factories were built in harbours (Sanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou) The textile industry – new factories  In the central parts  Use local raw materials  Products sold in the country Heavy industry  The main region: Manchurian Plain  Shenyang  Anshan  North China: Beijing  Tangshan  Baotou  Along the Yangtze river in Chongqing, Wuhan Industry has become versatile  Distribution of industry is more even  Roads, railroads have been built  Provinces try to be self-sufficient – difficulties in transport, enormous distances Special economic areas in the southern coast of the country  Foreign capital is welcomed  Goods for export  Government helps investments: abolition of import duties on raw materials and machines The MAIN SCENES of MODERNISATION (Southern coast)  Foreign trade has also been rising significantly  More and more industrial products among exported goods Macao former colony part of china (1999) Hong Kong  Has an important role in the rapid development  The relic of colonalism – long-time British colony  Provided cheap but qualified labour force Hong Kong  Various dynamic branches  One of the financial centres of Southeast Asia  Returned to China in July 1st 1997 The Chinese economy  One of the most rapidly developing economies of the world  Has managed to achieve success in:  Population control  Education  Health care  Agricultural productivity  Versatile industry  Foreign investments – global market of the world future  Has great promises  It is predicted to become one of the centres of the economy of the world!!! Long tradition of work Diligent industry Excellence [...]... industrial products among exported goods Macao former colony part of china (1999) Hong Kong  Has an important role in the rapid development  The relic of colonalism – long-time British colony  Provided cheap but qualified labour force Hong Kong  Various dynamic branches  One of the financial centres of Southeast Asia  Returned to China in July 1st 1997 The Chinese economy  One of the most rapidly... Guangzhou) The textile industry – new factories  In the central parts  Use local raw materials  Products sold in the country Heavy industry  The main region: Manchurian Plain  Shenyang  Anshan  North China: Beijing  Tangshan  Baotou  Along the Yangtze river in Chongqing, Wuhan Industry has become versatile  Distribution of industry is more even  Roads, railroads have been built  Provinces try ... to achieve because of the large population base Agriculture – arable land  1/10 of the area of China is arable land  The main area: eastern part, harvests are possible – very important since... sold in the country Heavy industry  The main region: Manchurian Plain  Shenyang  Anshan  North China: Beijing  Tangshan  Baotou  Along the Yangtze river in Chongqing, Wuhan Industry has become... significantly  More and more industrial products among exported goods Macao former colony part of china (1999) Hong Kong  Has an important role in the rapid development  The relic of colonalism