Unit 11. Language focus

 ANSWERS Peach flowers are greeting spring The stream splits into two smaller branches.. John Kenedy was the U.S.A president who was assassinated in 1963.. Ho Chi Minh was the per

Fill in each blank with one word from the box relevant to each picture.

A list of words for filling in

= to divide into = the first season of the year = a kind of seafood: t «m

= to found = to be killed/murdered

 past simple form of to fly

Fill in each blank with one word from the box relevant to each picture.

GAP FILLING

Peach flowers are greeting …… The stream……… into

two smaller branches.

…… is my favourite seafood.

 ANSWERS 

Peach flowers are greeting spring The stream splits into

two smaller branches.

Shrimp is my favourite seafood.

John Kenedy was the U.S.A

president who was

assassinated in 1963.

Ho Chi Minh was the person who

gave birth to the Democratic

Republic of Vietnam

Yuri Gagarin was the first

person who flew into

space.

i PRONUNCIATION

II GRAMMAR TEACHING POINTS

Teaching PRONUNCIATION

I PRONUNCIATION

1 Peach flowers are greeting spring

2 Shrimp is my favourite seafood.

3 The stream splits into two smaller branches.

Teaching PRONUNCIATION

shred shrill shrimp shrine

splash split spleen splutter

spring spray spread sprightly

/ ∫ r / / spl / / spr /

LISTEN AND REPEAT

I PRONUNCIATION

 pronunciation 

1 They were all shrieking with laughter.

2 He shrugged (his shoulders), saying he didn’t know and

didn’t care.

3 My dad hates shrimp paste.

4 What a splendid spring day!

5 The stream splits into three smaller streams at this point.

6 The house has a narrow front, but it splays out at the back

PRACTICE READING THESE SENTENCES

Teaching GRAMMAR

II GRAMMAR

RELATIVE CLAUSES

REPLACED BY PARTICIPLES OR TO INFINITIVES

Teaching GRAMMAR

REDUCTION FORM OF RELATIVE CLAUSES

STUDY THESE EXAMPLES

E.g.1 The man who spoke to John is my brother.

who spoke  speaking

The man speaking to John is my brother.

E.g.2 Ho Chi Minh was the person who gave birth to the Democratic

Republic of Vietnam

who gave  giving

Ho Chi Minh was the person who gave birth to the Democratic

Republic of Vietnam

FORMULA 1

N + WH + active V …

N + V-ing …

Teaching GRAMMAR

REDUCTION FORM OF RELATIVE CLAUSES

E.g.3 The Sport Game which was held in India in 1951 was the first

Asian Games

 The Sport Games held in India in 1951 was the first Asian Games.

which was held  held E.g.4 John Kenedy was the U.S.A president who was assassinated in 1963.

 John Kenedy was the U.S.A president assassinated in 1963.

who was assassinated  assassinated

FORMULA 2

N + WH + be + Vp 2 (passive V)

E.g.5 Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into space.

 Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space.

the first…who flew  the first…to fly

E.g.6 This is the last cake that is sold today.

 This is the last cake to be sold today.

the last…that is sold  the last…to be sold

The practice of GRAMMAR

INDIVIDUAL WORK

EXERCISE 1 N + WH + active V …

 N + V-ing …

1 The boy who is playing the piano is Ben.

 The boy playing the piano is Ben.

2 Do you know the woman who is coming towards us?

 Do you know the woman coming towards us?

3 The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.

 The people waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.

4 The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress.

 The scientists researching the causes of cancer are making progress.

5 The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.

 The fence surrounding our house is made of wood.

6 We have an apartment which overlooks the park.

The practice of GRAMMAR

DISCUSS WITH YOUR PARTNER

EXERCISE 2 N + WH + be + Vp 2

 N + Vp 2

1 The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.

 The ideas presented in that book are interesting.

2 I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.

 I come from a city located in the southern part of the country.

3 They live in a house that was built in 1980.

 They live in a house built in 1980.

4 The photograghs which were published in the newspaper were extraordinary

 The photograghs published in the newspaper were extraordinary.

5 The experiment which was conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.

 The experiment conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.

6 They work in a hospital which was sponsored by the government

 They work in a hospital sponsored by the government

The practice of GRAMMAR

WORK IN PAIRS

EXERCISE 3 The first/second/…(+ N) + WH + V…

The first/second/…(+ N) + to V/ to be Vp 2…

1 John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain

2 The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light

3 The first person that we must see is Mr Smith.

4 This is the second person who was killed in that way

5 The first person who catches the ball will be the winner

KEYS

1  John was the last man to reach the top of the mountain

2  The first person (for us) to see is Mr Smith

3  The last person to leave the room must turn off the light

Teaching GRAMMAR

WORK IN GROUPS

FURTHER PRACTICE

EXERCISE 1

In each sentence choose the best option which can suitably replace the underlined relative clause.

1.Who’s the girl that is waiting outside?

A to wait B waiting C waited

2 Don’t let me be the last who knows your decision

A to know B knowing C known

3 The man who was caught by the police last night was a notorious criminal

A to catch B catching C caught

4 The man who saved me from the lake was very brave

A to save B saving C saved

5 Hamlet is a tragedy which was written by Shakespeare.

A to write B to be written C writing

6 The next train which leaves the station is to London

EXERCISE 2

1 Have you read the book that was written by Nguyen Du?

2 The road which connects Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city is called Number 1

3 This is the second novel which was written by this famous

writer

4 The man who sat next to me on the train looked gentle.

5 The steam engine which was invented by James Watt opened a new period in human development history.

6 I knew then that I was not the first person who came as I saw smoke rising from the chimney of the house.

Reduce these sentences by using participles or to infinitives

KEYS TO THE HANDOUTS

1 Have you read the book written by Nguyen Du?

2 The road connecting Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city is called

Number 1

3 This is the second novel to be written by this famous writer

4 The man sitting next to me on the train looked gentle.

5 The steam engine invented by James Watt opened a new period

in human development history.

6 I knew then that I was not the first person to come as I saw

smoke rising from the chimney of the house.

Teaching LANGUAGE FOCUS

HOMEWORK

+ practise reading the words and the sentences again

at least twice at home.

+ redo the three exercises into the notebooks.

+ do the exercise given in the handouts

XUAN MAI HIGH SCHOOL

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