Đáp án Tiêng Anh Đọc Hiểu Thi Công Chức Quảng Nam

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Đáp án Tiêng Anh Đọc Hiểu Thi Công Chức Quảng Nam

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Đáp án Tiêng Anh Đọc Hiểu Thi Công Chức Quảng Nam 2016Thi công chức 2016 Tỉnh Quảng Nam Môn Tiêng AnhC1. We’ve just come back exhausted after a twoweek holiday in France. We were really exhausted. On the last day, we drove nonstop from Marseille to Calais –we should have (1)_____our journey in Lyon or Paris. As if that wasn’t enough, the sea was so rough in the English Channel that the (2)_____ took three hours instead of one and a half. Next year, we plan to book a cheap (3) _____holiday to Italy. It sounds marvellous — the cost of the flight, the hotel and all our meals are (4)_____in the price. While we’re in Rome, we’ll be going on a guided (5)_____ to Coliseum. The last time I was (6)_____ Italy, I was in a business (7)_____. I couldn’t see many of the famous tourist (8)_____on that occasion, but my wife was really interested (9)_____ Italy. We have work hard these years to save money for the next trips in the (10)_____ years.

TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI CÔNG CHỨC HÀNH CHÍNH TỈNH QUẢNG NAM NĂM 2016 MÔN: TIẾNG ANH – Phần đọc hiểu C1 All spiders spin webs That's because webs help spiders Webs help spiders three things Webs help spiders hold eggs Webs help spiders hide And webs help spiders catch food Webs help spiders hold eggs Many spiders like to lay their eggs in their webs The webs help keep the eggs together Webs help spiders keep their eggs safe Webs help spiders hide Most spiders are dark They are brown, grey, or black But spider webs are light They are white and cloudy When spiders hide in their webs, they are harder to see Webs help spiders catch food Spider webs are sticky When a bug flies into the web, it gets stuck It moves around It tries to get out But it can't It is trapped! Spiders can tell that the bug is trapped That's because spiders feel the web move And the spider is hungry The spider goes to get the bug As you can see, webs help spiders hold eggs Webs help spiders hide And webs help spiders catch food Without webs, spiders would not be able to live like they Spiders need their webs to survive 1) This passage is mostly about A spider colors B spider webs C spider eggs 2) Spider webs help spiders I hold eggs II catch food III find water A I only B I and II only C I, II, and III 3) As used in paragraph 4, the word trapped most nearly means A stuck B hidden C eaten 4) How can spiders tell when something is trapped in their web? A They hear it B They smell it C They feel it 5) As used in the last sentence of the passage, the word survive means to stay A alive B hidden C caught C2 Most human beings are awake during the day and sleep all night Owls live the opposite way Owls are nocturnal This means that they sleep all day and stay awake at night Because owls are nocturnal, this means they must eat at night But finding food in the dark is difficult To help them, they have special eyes and ears Owls have very large eyes These eyes absorb more light than normal Since there is little light during the night, it is helpful to be able to absorb more of it This helps owls find food in the dark Owls also have very good hearing Even when owls are in the trees, they can hear small animals moving in the grass below This helps owls catch their prey even when it is very dark Like owls, mice are also nocturnal animals Mice have an excellent sense of smell This helps them find food in the dark Being nocturnal helps mice to hide from the many different animals that want to eat them Most of the birds, snakes, and lizards that like to eat mice sleep at night—except, of course, owls! Some animals are nocturnal This means they are active at night The owl and the mouse are good examples of nocturnal animals that use their senses to find food in the dark 1) In paragraph 1, we learn that "Owls are nocturnal." The word diurnal is the opposite of the word nocturnal Using information in the passage as a guide, we can understand that an animal that is diurnal A sleeps at night and is awake during the day B hunts during the day and is awake at night C sleeps every other night and is awake during the day D hunts during the day and night 2) Based on information in paragraph 2, it can be understood that an animal with small eyes A must be diurnal B has trouble seeing in the dark C can see very well at night D is likely to be eaten by an owl 3) According to the passage, owls can find food in the dark using their sense of I sight II sound III smell A l only B I and II only C II and III only D I, II, and III 4) In paragraph the author writes, "This helps owls catch their prey even when it is very dark." Based on its use in the passage, we can understand that prey is A a noise that an animal makes during the night B a small animal such as a pet dog or cat C an animal that is hunted by other animals D an animals that hunts other animals 5) Based on information in the final paragraph, it can be understood that mice sleep during the day in order to A find food that other animals can not B keep themselves safe C store energy for night time activities D release stress 6) Based on information in the final paragraph, it can be understood that A owls hunt mice B mice can hide from owls C mice and owls both hide from birds, snakes, and lizards D birds and snakes often hunt lizards 7) If added to the end of this passage, which of the following conclusions would fit best? A The owl is a nocturnal animal This means it is active at night The owl's excellent sense of sight and sound enable it to find food in the dark B Mice are nocturnal animals This means they are active at night Similar to the owl, mice use their excellent sense of smell to find food in the dark C Both mice and owls are nocturnal This means they are active at night Because these animals are active at night, they must sleep during the day This makes them especially vulnerable to attack from diurnal animals D Some animals are nocturnal This means they are active at night The owl and the mouse are good examples of nocturnal animals that use their senses to find food in the dark C3 When we are young, we learn that tigers and sharks are dangerous animals We might be scared of them because they are big and powerful As we get older; however, we learn that sometimes the most dangerous animals are also the smallest animals In fact, the animal that kills the most people every year is one that you have probably killed yourself many times: the mosquito While it may seem that all mosquitoes are biters, this is not actually the case Male mosquitoes eat plant nectar On the other hand, female mosquitoes feed on animal blood They need this blood to live and produce eggs When a female mosquito bites a human being, it transmits a small amount of saliva into the blood This saliva may or may not contain a deadly disease The result of the bite can be as minor as an itchy bump or as serious as death Because a mosquito can bite many people in the course of its life, it can carry diseases from one person to another very easily Two of the most deadly diseases carried by mosquitoes are malaria and yellow fever Mosquitoes have many natural enemies like bats, birds, dragonflies, and certain kinds of fish Bringing more of these animals into places where mosquitoes live might help to cut down the amount of mosquitoes in that area This is a natural solution, but it does not always work very well Mosquitoes can also be killed with poisons or sprays Even though these sprays kill mosquitoes, they may also harm other plants or animals Questions 1) According to the author, some people are more afraid of tigers and sharks than mosquitoes because tigers and sharks A kill more people than mosquitoes B are big and powerful C are found all over the world D have no natural enemies 2) Based on the information in paragraph 2, we can understand that I male mosquitoes and female mosquitoes have different eating habits II male mosquitoes are harmless to humans III female mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting diseases to humans A I only B I and II only C II and III only D I, II, and III 3) In paragraph the author writes, "This saliva may or may not contain a deadly disease." The purpose of this statement is to A oppose a previous argument B question an upcoming conclusion C confirm a hypothesis D support a later statement 4) As used in paragraph 2, minor most nearly means A insignificant B deadly C frustrating D dangerous 5) Based on information in paragraph 3, it can be understood that if you get sick with malaria or yellow fever, your chances of survival are A terrible B mediocre C good D excellent 6) It can be understood that the introduction of dragonflies might reduce the number of flies in a given area because dragonflies A work together with mosquitoes B kill mosquitoes C cannot be killed by poisons or sprays D attract bats 7) Which of the following best summarizes the information in paragraph 4? A Mosquito nets provide adequate protection from deadly mosquitoes B Poisons and sprays provide adequate protection from deadly mosquitoes C The introduction of the mosquito's natural enemies provides adequate protection from deadly mosquitoes D There is no perfect solution to the mosquito problem 8) Which of the following words best describes the author's overall attitude towards the prospect of solving the mosquito problem? A despondent, meaning hopeless or dejected B exasperated, meaning extremely irritated or annoyed C equivocal, meaning doubtful or uncertain D optimistic, meaning hopeful or taking a favorable view C4 Rainforests circle the globe for twenty degrees of latitude on both sides of the equator In that relatively narrow band of the planet, more than half of all the species of plants and animals in the world make their home Several hundred different varieties of trees may grow in a single acre, and just one of those trees may be the habitat for more than ten thousand kinds of spiders, ants, and other insects More species of amphibians, birds, insects, mammals, and reptiles live in rainforests than anywhere else on earth Unfortunately, half of the world’s rainforests have already been destroyed, and at the current rate, another 25 percent will be lost by the year 2030 Scientists estimate that as many as fifty million acres are destroyed annually In other words, every sixty seconds, one hundred acres of rainforest is being cleared By the time you finish reading this passage, two hundred acres will have been destroyed! When this happens, constant rains erode the former forest floor, the thin layer of soil no longer supports plant life, and the ecology of the region is altered forever Thousands of species of plants and animals are condemned to extinction and since we aren’t able to predict the ramifications of this loss to a delicate global ecology, we don’t know what we may be doing to the future of the human species as well C5 Should women find their happiness inside or outside the home? In the United States people used to believe the saying, “A woman’s place is in the home.” But now both women and society are changing More than fifty percent of American women continue their work even after they are married What has brought about these changes? What is happening to the American family today? Up until the 1950’s a typical American woman got married in her early 20’s In those days she quit her job and became a mother “A woman’s place is in the home” was a popular saying Most women felt that taking care of their home and family was their full-time job But times have changed Women are getting married later these days and more have chosen to stay single Others get married but decide not to have any children Today more than fifty percent of all married women work full-time Many others run businesses in their homes What has caused these major changes? One reason is economic necessity It may be that the husband has lost his job and the wife must support the family Or even if the husband is working, some families say they can’t survive on only one paycheck But probably a more important influence has been the “women’s liberation movement.” Women are being told in many magazines and TV programs: “You can be successful on your own Don’t be satisfied with just being a wife and mother Use your intelligence and talents to something bigger And you should be paid as much as a man.” No doubt this movement has accomplished much good But it has also contributed to a selfish “me first” attitude that is breaking up many families Sometimes women who are happy staying at home feel that working women look down on them There are no easy answers to these problems But certainly women’s influence will continue to grow in business, education and politics C6 When John Mills was going to fly in an aeroplane for the first time, he was frightened He did not like the idea of being thousands of feet up in the air “ ‘I also didn’t like the fact that I wouldn’t be in control,” says John “I’m a terrible passenger in the car When somebody else is driving, I tell them what to so It drives everybody crazy.”However John couldn’t avoid flying any longer It was the only way he could visit his grandchildren in Canada “I had made up my mind that I was going to it, I couldn’t let my son, his wife and their three children travel all the way here to visit me It would be so expensive for them and I know Tom’s business isn’t doing so well at the moment – it would also be tiring for the children – it’s a nine-hour flight!” he says.To get ready for the flight John did lots of reading about aeroplanes When he booked his seat, he was told that he would be flying on a Boeing 747, which is better known as a jumbo jet “I needed to know as much as possible before getting in that plane I suppose it was a way of making myself feel better The Boeing 747 is the largest passenger aircraft in the world at the moment The first one flew on February 9th 1969 in the USA It can carry up to 524 passengers and 3.400 pieces of luggage The fuel for aeroplanes is kept in the wings and the 747’s wings are so big that they can carry enough fuel for an average car to be able to travel 16,000 kilometres a year for 70 years Isn’t that unbelievable? Even though I had discovered all this very interesting information about the jumbo, when I saw it for the first time, just before I was going to travel to Canada, I still couldn’t believe that something so enormous was going to get up in the air and fly I was even more impressed when I saw how big it was inside with hundreds of people!”The biggest surprise of all for John was the flight itself “The take-off itself was much smoother than I expected although I was still quite scared until we were in the air In the end, I managed to relax, enjoy the food and watch one of the movies and the view from the window was spectacular I even managed to sleep for a while! Of course,” continues John, “the best reward of all was when I arrived in Canada and saw my son and his family, particularly my beautiful grandchildren Suddenly, I felt so silly about all the years when I couldn’t even think of getting on a plane I had let my fear of living stop me from seeing the people I love most in the world I can visit my son and family as often as I like now!” 70 Why did John Mills fly in an aeroplane? A He wanted to go on holiday B He wanted to try it C He wanted to see his family D He had to travel on business 71 Why did John read about aeroplane? A He wanted to know how they work B It was his hobby C It made him feel safer D He had found a book on them 72 What happened when he saw the jumbo jet for the first time? A He felt much safer B He liked the shape of it C He couldn’t believe how big it was D He thought the wings were very small 73 How did John feel when the aeroplane was taking off? A excited B happy C sad D frightened 74 What surprised John most about the flight? A that he liked the food B that he was able to sleep C that there was a movie being shown D that the view was good 75 How did John feel about his fears in the end? A He thought he had wasted time being afraid B He realized it was okay to be afraid C He hoped his grandchildren weren’t afraid of flying D He realized that being afraid kept him safe C7 With the onset of the winter season, man’s natural enemies, the common cold and the flu, arrive with full force It seems that the fluctuations in temperature and weather are guarantees that coughs and sneezes will spread infecting germs among family and friends More than 100 different types of bacteria can cause a cold, and doctors sometimes use antibiotics to treat bacterial colds However, there are an equal number of viruses that can cause influenza, and modern science offers no drug capable of curing viral infections In most cases, the best advice is the usual prescription: get plenty of rest, drink lot fluids, and be prepared to suffer for three to ten days Some home cures help to relieve the symptoms of colds and flus Mother’s chicken soup, rich in fats and oils, helps to revitalize a tired body and to soothe a sore throat Garlic, containing the active ingredient allicin, has long been used to fight off the effects of bacteria and viruses Hot toddies consisting of small amounts of liquor mixed with honey, sugar, and lemon juice can relieve soreness and draw out cold germs Finally, recent evidence suggests that large doses of vitamin C not only boost the immune system before a cold arrives, but also relieve cold symptoms after they have set in specifically, it must receive an average of less than ten inches of precipitation— which can be rain, sleet, hail, or snow—on the ground every year Antarctica, the coldest place on earth, has an average temperature that usually falls below the freezing point And because cold air holds less moisture than warm air, the air in Antarctica does not hold much moisture at all This is evident in the low precipitation statistics recorded for Antarctica For example, the central part of Antarctica receives an average of less than inches of snow every year The coastline of Antarctica receives a little bit more—between seven and eight inches a year Because Antarctica gets so little precipitation every year, it is considered a desert.When precipitation falls in hot deserts, it quickly evaporates back into the atmosphere The air over Antarctica is too cold to hold water vapor, so there is very little evaporation Due to this low rate of evaporation, most of the snow that falls to the ground remains there permanently, eventually building up into thick ice sheets Any snow that does not freeze into ice sheets becomes caught up in the strong winds that constantly blow over Antarctica These snow-filled winds can make it look as if it is snowing Even though snowfall is very rare there, blizzards are actually very common on Antarctica Questions 1) The main purpose of paragraph is to A accept a conclusion B introduce an argument C provide a brief history D deny a common belief 2) The best title for this passage would be A Earth’s Many Deserts B Antarctica: The Coldest Place on Earth C A Desert of Ice D Unusual Blizzards 3) Africa’s Sahara Desert is the second-largest desert on earth Based on the information in the passage, what characteristic must the Sahara share with Antarctica? A low temperatures B high temperatures C frequent blizzards D low precipitation 4) As used in paragraph 2, which is the best definition for precipitation? A moisture in the air that falls to the ground B any type of weather event C weather events that only happen in very cold areas D a blizzard that occurs in areas with limited snowfall 5) In paragraph the author writes, "And because cold air holds less moisture than warm air, the air in Antarctica does not hold much moisture at all." Using this information, it can be understood that A air in Africa holds more moisture than the air in Antarctica B air surrounding a tropical island holds less moisture than the air in Antarctica C air in the second floor of a house is typically warmer than air on the first floor D air at the mountains is typically colder than the air at the beach 6) According to the final paragraph, any snow that falls over Antarctica I becomes part of the Antarctic ice sheet II is blown around by strong winds III evaporates back into the atmosphere A l only B I and II only C II and III only D I, II, and III 7) Based on the information in the final paragraph, it can be understood that blizzards in Antarctica are mainly the result of A freezing cold temperatures B large amounts of snowfall C low amounts of precipitation D strong winds C17 A recent survey of crime statistics shows that we are all more likely to be burgled now than 20 years ago and the police advise everyone to take a few simple precautions to protect their homes The first fact is that burglars and other intruders prefer easy opportunities, like a house which is very obviously empty This is much less of a challenge than an occupied house, and one which is wellprotected A burglar will wonder if it is worth the bother There are some general tips on how to avoid your home becoming another crime statistic Avoid leaving signs that your house is empty When you have to go out, leave at least one light on as well as a radio or television, and not leave any curtains wide open The sight of your latest music centre or computer is enough to tempt any burglar Never leave a spare key in a convenient hiding place The first place a burglar will look is under the doormat or in a flower pot and even somewhere more ‘imaginative’ could soon be uncovered by the intruder But if your house is in a quiet, desolate area be aware that this will be a burglar’s dream, so deter any potential criminal from approaching your house by fitting security lights to the outside of your house But what could happen if, in spite of the aforementioned precautions, a burglar or intruder has decided to target your home Windows, no matter how small, are usually the first point of entry for many intruders For extra security, fit window locks to the inside of the window C18 Today, Mike and his mom are going to the library Mike wants to find a book to read His mom wants to use a computer there When they get to the library, Mike finds a book about detectives He also finds a book with chapters about a friendly ghost Finally, he finds a book about a man who lives in the woods without food or water He puts the books on the front desk and waits for his mom Mike's mom sits at one of the computers in the library She checks her email and looks at pictures of flowers on the internet Then she reads a news article on a website Mike's mom leaves the computer and walks over to Mike, holding up something out for him Mike looks at her quizzically It takes him a moment to recognize what she is holding “I got that movie for us to watch tonight," says Mike's mom “Are you ready to leave?” "Sure," Mike says, now holding the movie out in front of him He reads the cover while walking back to the library entrance He puts his books and the movie on the front desk to check out A librarian stands behind the counter holding an electronic scanner "How long can we keep them?" Mike asks her "Three weeks," says the librarian "Cool," says Mike Suddenly, Mike is surprised His mother is checking out something else that is too big to put on the desk It’s a picture of the ocean "What is that for?" Mike asks "To put on our wall at home," says Mike's mom "You can that?" Mike asks Mike's mom smiles at the librarian "Yes," she says, "but we have to return it in three months" Questions 1) Based on the books Mike finds to check out, we can tell that he is interested in A science B nature C mystery D adventure 2) While at the computer, Mike's mom I checks her mail II looks at pictures III reads an article A I only B I and II only C II and III only D I, II, and III 3) According to the passage, how long can Mike and his mother use the books and the movie before they must return them to the library? A one week B two weeks C three weeks D four weeks 4) Based on its use in paragraph 4, it can understood that quizzically belongs to which of the following word groups? A abnormally, strangely, weirdly B casually, carelessly, indifferently C passionately, keenly, intensely D inquisitively, questioningly, curiously 5) As used in paragraph 5, the phrase "check out" most nearly means A to see B to rent C to find D to buy 6) What does Mike's mom want to with the picture of the ocean? A She wants to buy it B She wants to hang it on her wall C She wants to give it to her friend as a gift D She wants to donate it to the library 7) Using the passage as a guide, it can be understood that you can check out which of the following things from the library? I pictures II furniture III computers A I only B I and II only C II and III only D I, II, and III 8) Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A Mike's Mom B A Picture of the Ocean C At the Library D Books, Computers, Movies, and Pictures C19 Although Edgar Allan Poe is recognized as the originator of the mystery story genre and as a master of the short story, literary critics and the general public have debated the extent of both his genius and his madness since his death in 1849 Poe rose from destitute beginnings as an orphan to a childhood of relative comfort when a wealthy businessman took him in As a young man, however, he descended through poverty and mental illness to an early death at the age of forty In his short career, he produced dozens of poems, stories, and critical essays that reflect his brilliant creative intellect At twenty, Poe moved to Baltimore to live with his impoverished aunt and her daughter, where he eventually married his fourteen-year-old cousin, Virginia Poe was obviously devoted to his young wife, and idealized images of her appear in many of his female characters It is difficult to suppose, however, that they had a close relationship, since she was many years younger than he was and chronically ill with tuberculosis Although Poe wrote for various newspapers and magazines during this time, making great strides in literary criticism and developing his short-story style, he achieved no monetary success His sensitive personality and a hereditary tendency to neurosis contributed to a tragic mental decline; however, this only seems to have reinforced the brilliant imagery and fascinating morbidity that he achieved in his tales Many critics speculate that Poe also suffered from alcoholism and opium addiction The fantastical quality of his work earned him a devoted posthumous following in France, but he was generally disparaged by his American contemporaries C20 I’ve always been a bit of an entertainer and played the funny man I was a parttime comedian for years, so I learned how to stand in front of audiences It made me sure of myself I like being liked and I love making everyone smile I’ve lived in London all my life and have just moved to a larger house with my wife Clare and our two children, Jimmy and Madeleine We spend a lot of time just singing and dancing around the house I grew up with music because my dad is the pianist, Chester Harriott - who’s still playing, by the way My working day is divided between television and writing cook books, though TV takes most of my time I spend about five days a fortnight working on the cooking programmes I appear in I eat all sorts of things at home but I only buy quality food When I’m cooking, I experiment with whatever is in the fridge - it’s good practice for my TV series I’m a football fan and enjoy going to matches, but I’m a home-loving person really I don’t like going to the pub but we go out to eat about twice a month There’s nothing better than a night at home playing with the children I rarely go to bed before midnight Late evening is when fresh thoughts on cooking usually come to me, so I often write or plan my programmes then When I eventually get to bed, I have no trouble sleeping! 21 What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the text? A to describe how he lives B to say what makes him laugh C to talk about his cooking ideas D to explain how he started in TV 22 What would a reader learn about Ainsley from the text? A He is a very good musician B He likes to plan the family meals C He is nervous about performing on stage D He enjoys spending time with his family 23 What does the writer say about himself? A He loves going out and meeting people B He is very similar to his father C He enjoys being popular D He should go to bed earlier 24 What does he say about his working life? A He would like to appear less on TV B He gets his best ideas at certain times C He prefers being a comedian D He should practice cooking more 25 Which of the following is the best description of the writer? Read the text below and choose the correct word for each space For each question, mark the correct letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet Exemple: A everyone B someone C both D each A The popular TV comedian who enjoys cooking, watching football, and having a busy social life B The TV cook who loves making people laugh, watching football and, above all, having a happy family life C The singing TV cook who likes making jokes, playing with his children, and having an early night D The cook and comedian who takes great care about the way he cooks his food and enjoys listening to music more than anything CLOZE TESTS (20) C1 We’ve just come back exhausted after a two-week holiday in France We were really exhausted On the last day, we drove non-stop from Marseille to Calais –we should have (1) _our journey in Lyon or Paris As if that wasn’t enough, the sea was so rough in the English Channel that the (2) _ took three hours instead of one and a half Next year, we plan to book a cheap (3) _holiday to Italy It sounds marvellous — the cost of the flight, the hotel and all our meals are (4) _ in the price While we’re in Rome, we’ll be going on a guided (5) _ to Coliseum The last time I was (6) _ Italy, I was in a business (7) _ I couldn’t see many of the famous tourist (8) _on that occasion, but my wife was really interested (9) _ Italy We have work hard these years to save money for the next trips in the (10) _ years C2 According (1) _computer models that were used to estimate the running speeds of dinosaurs, the Tyrannosaurus Rex would have been able to outrun a footballer The study shows that the dinosaur could reach a top (2) _of metres a second, which is (3) _faster than the average professional footballer There has been a lot of controversy (4) _whether the Tyrannosaurus Rex was a predator or a scavenger; some believe that its highly developed sense of smell indicates that it was a scavenger, (5) _others say that its keen eyesight shows that it was a hunter The (6) _group will appreciate the recent study, as a hunter is more (7) _to require such speed The University of Manchester study used a powerful supercomputer to calculate the running speeds of five meat-eating dinosaurs and used data taken (8) _ from dinosaur fossils, (9) _than referring to previous work on (10) _animals C3 In 1993, Greg Mortenson took a (1) _to Pakistan to climb K2, the second tallest mountain in the world On his way down the mountain, he got lost Food and water were (2) _, but Mr Mortenson found a small village The people there saw that he was (3) and helped him While in the village, Mr Mortenson watched the children write in the dirt for their school lessons The village did not have money to build a school or (4) a teacher Before he left, Mr Mortenson (5) to return to the village and help them build a school Mr Mortenson returned to the US and wrote to many (6) people That idea did not work very well, but (7) enough people heard about Mr Mortenson's plan and helped him That was the beginning of the Central Asia Institute, an organization that has (8) in building or helping to build more than 130 schools in small villages in Pakistan and Afghanistan With the help of (9) David Relin, Mr Mortenson wrote the famous book Three Cups of Tea Some people have criticized him, however, Mr Mortenson was given an (10) _in 2009 by the government of Pakistan for his work in that country C4 Beijing is the capital city of the People’s Federal Republic of China “Beijing” comes from the Chinese words “northern” and “capital” and follows a(n) (1) _East Asian tradition of naming capital cities literally Other similarly named cities (2) _Nanjing in Southern China which means “southern capital”, and Tokyo in Japan, which means “eastern capital” Beijing is the political and cultural (3) _of China and is worldfamous for its many historical attractions Four million people visit Beijing each year to see (4) _such as the magnificent Forbidden City, Tiananmen Square and The Great Wall of China It is also one of the world’s great modem metropolises and is (5) of 21st century vitality Towering skyscrapers, huge shopping malls, and modem commercial areas are just as much a (6) _of modern-day Beijing In 2001, Beijing celebrated the news that it had been selected to (7) the 2008 Summer Olympics Hundreds of thousands of flag-waving Chinese poured into Beijing’s streets, singing and cheering Fireworks (8) _up the sky as the city rejoiced The morning after the (9) , the titles of all Beijing’s newspapers were printed in red — a special colour in Chinese (10) that is reserved for good and important news C5 Most people think that the capital of the (1) _world is Hollywood, in the (2) _ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai, in (3) _ Mumbai used to be known as Bombay, and the movie industry there is often called “Bollywood.” Bollywood makes twice as many movies each year as Hollywood — more than 1,000 movies a year The (4) _ from Bollywood are very different from those made by Hollywood studios For one thing, Bollywood movies are much (5) _than most Hollywood movies Most Bollywood movies are more than three hours long, and contain singing, dancing, action, adventure, mystery, and romance (but usually no kissing) Because Bollywood movies contain so many different features, this (6) _of movie is sometimes called a “masala” movie — “masala” is an Indian word for a mixture of spices Another big (7) _between Bollywood and Hollywood movies is the way the movies are made It takes much longer to make a movie in Hollywood than in Bollywood (8) _, filming may begin on a Bollywood movie before the script is even finished The director and writers can make (9) _the story while the movie is being made Sometimes they will even write the script by hand instead (10) _taking time to type it Bollywood actors are very popular and some are in such high demand that they may work on several movies at the same time C6 There is an old English (1) _, “Laughter is the best medicine” One person who certainly would have agreed with this is Norman Cousins Norman Cousins the editor of a magazine called Saturday Review for almost forty years He also wrote and (2) _about world peace and anti-nuclear and anti-war issues, traveling (3) _many different countries to share his ideas In the 1960s, after returning to the United States from a busy and tiring trip to Europe, Mr Cousins got sick He discovered he had a rare disease known as ankylosing spondylitis that caused the joints between his bones to (4) _ stiff In less than a week after he got (5) _, he could not stand Every move that he (6) _was painful He was not able to sleep at night The doctors told Mr Cousins that they did not (7) _how to cure his problem and he might never get over the illness Mr Cousins, however, refused to give (8) _hope Mr Cousins thought that the illness could be caused (9) _unhappy thoughts He did not want to (10) _medicine to cure himself Instead, he felt that happy thoughts or laughter might cure his illness C7 Human memory, formerly believed to be rather inefficient, (1) _really much more sophisticated than that of a computer Researchers approaching the problem from a variety of (2) _of view have all concluded that there is a great deal more stored in our minds than has been generally supposed Dr Wilder Penfield, a Canadian neurosurgeon, proved that by stimulating (3) _brains electrically, he could elicit the total recall of complex events in his subjects’ lives Even dreams and other minor events supposedly forgotten (4) _many years suddenly emerged in detail The memory trace is the term for (5) _forms the internal representation of the specific information about the event stored in the memory Assumed to have been made by structural changes in (6) brain, the memory trace is not subject to direct observation but is rather a theoretical construct that is used to speculate about how information presented at a particular time can cause performance at a later time Most theories include the (7) of the memory trace as a variable in the degree of learning, retention, and retrieval possible for a memory One theory is that the fantastic capacity for storage in the brain is the result (8) an almost unlimited combination of interconnections between brain cells, stimulated by patterns of (9) _ Repeated references to the same information support recall Or, to say that another way, improved performance is the result of (10) _the chemical bonds in the memory C8 Psychologists generally (1) _memory into (2) _least two types, short-term and long-term memory, which combine (3) _form working memory Short-term memory contains what we are actively (4) _on at any particular time, but items are not retained longer (5) _twenty or thirty seconds without verbal rehearsal We use short-term (6) _when we look up a telephone number and repeat it to ourselves until we can place the call On the other (7) _, long-term memory can store facts, concepts, and experiences after we stop thinking (8) _them All conscious (9) _of information, as in problem solving for example, involves both short-term and long-term memory As we repeat, rehearse, and recycle information, the memory trace is strengthened, allowing that information to move (10) _ short-term memory to long-term memory C9 I have (1) to my hometown of Wilson Creek after an absence of 10 years So many things have changed around here When I left Wilson Creek, there (2) a small pond on the right as you left town They have filled in this pond and they have built a large shopping mall (3) A new post office has also been built just across from my old school There is a baseball (4) on the outskirts of Wilson Creek which has been changed (5) They have now added a new stand where probably a few thousand people could sit It looks really great The biggest changes have taken place (6) the downtown area They have pedestrianised the centre and you can't drive there anymore A European-style fountain has been (7) and (8) benches have also been added along with a grassy area and a new street cafe My street looks just the same as it always has but a public library has been built in the next street along There (9) to be a great park there but they have cut down all the trees which is a pity The library now has a large green area in front (10) it but it's not the same as when the park was there C10 Philology (1) _the traditional study of language, especially of written languages in their cultural settings Because philology (2) _with the relationship of languages, it is usually comparative; because these relationships evolve (3) _time, it is typically historical Languages (4) _ to change in the direction of greater diversity; one language tends to be superseded by several: a (5) _“dead” language preserves evidence of the earlier forms from which “living” languages developed The descendants of Latin have diverged to the point that, though Italian is related (6) _English, they are now foreign to each other as is their common “parent” to both Also cultures change the meaning and use of many words In English, piano is a keyboard (7) _; in Italian piano not only names the instrument, it also means “soft” as opposed to “loud” The original name for the instrument was pianoforte (soft-loud), because it was more (8) _of varying sound volume than instruments like the harpsichord that came before it The special meaning of the Italian phrase results from its (9) _context and the distinctive feature of the instrument it names But in English and other languages, we abbreviate it to piano The English word still (10) _the same instrument but the abbreviation discards “and loud" from the original Italian phrase and hence becomes a name and not a description C11 Edward Patrick Eagan was (1) _April 26, 1897, in Denver, Colorado, and his father died in a railroad accident when Eagan was only a year old He and his four brothers (2) _raised by his mother, who earned a small income from teaching foreign languages Inspired (3) _Frank Merriwell, the hero of a series of popular novels for boys, Eagan pursued an education for himself as well as an interest (4) _boxing He (5) _the University of Denver for a year before serving in the U.S Army as an artillery lieutenant during World War I After the war, he entered Yale University and, while studying there, won the U.S national amateur heavyweight boxing title He graduated from Yale in 1921, attended Harvard Law School, and received a Rhodes scholarship to the University of Oxford (6) _he received his A.M in 1928 While studying at Oxford, Eagan became (7) _first American to win the British amateur boxing championship Eagan won his first Olympic gold medal as a light heavyweight boxer (8) _the 1920 Olympic Games in Antwerp, Belgium Eagan also fought at the 1924 Olympics in Paris as a heavyweight but failed to get a medal Though he had (9) _ the sport just three weeks before the competition, he managed to win a second gold medal as a member of the four-man bobsled team at the 1932 Olympics in Lake Placid, New York Thus he became the only athlete to (10) gold medals at both the Summer and Winter Olympics C12 Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, (1) _a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food (2) _energy They should not be confused (3) _minerals, which are inorganic in their makeup Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their (4) _, the nomenclature of individual substances may appear to be somewhat random and disorganized Among the vitamins (5) _today, five are produced in the body Because the body produces (6) _quantities of some but not sill vitamins, they must be supplemented in the daily diet (7) _each vitamin has its specific designation and cannot be replaced by another compound, a lack of one vitamin can interfere with the processing of (8) _ When a lack of even one vitamin in a diet is continual, a vitamin deficiency may (9) _ The best way for an individual to ensure a necessary supply of vitamins is to maintain a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods and provides adequate quantities of all the compounds Some people take vitamin supplements, predominantly in the (10) _of tablets C13 What has caused these major changes? One reason (1) _economic necessity may be that the husband has (2) _his job and the wife must support the family Or even if the husband is working, some families say they can’t survive on only (3) _paycheck But probably a (4) _important influence has been the “women’s liberation movement” Women are being told in (5) _magazines and TV programs that “You can be successful on your own Don’t be satisfied with (6) _being a wife and mother Use your intelligence and talents to something bigger And you should be paid (7) much as a man.” (8) _doubt this movement has accomplished much good But it has also contributed to a selfish “me first” attitude that is breaking up many families Sometimes women (9) _are happy staying at home feel that working women look (10) them There are no easy answers to these problems But certainly women’s influence will continue to grow in business, education and politics C14 Leisure is generally seen as an (1) which takes place outside (2) _ hours The peak leisure time for most people is between 6.00 pm and 12.00 am, although in recent years there has been an increase in people working (3) hours and shifts, together with more "flexitime" Leisure is often thought of purely as a (4) activity, i.e playing sport Although many people use their (5) time in this way, there are plenty of other leisure opportunities that are more (6) in nature, such as of one's life- watching television or sunbathing on a beach It is important to realise that leisure can embrace a whole range of experiences and activities, although personal choice may be limited due to factors such as age or provision of local (7) _ The leisure emphasis will normally change at different (8) _ cycle Different types of leisure (9) tend to be popular with varying age groups It's probably true, however, that some members of the older (10) are more capable of pursuing active pastimes than they are sometimes given credit for C15 Our journey to Greece began at six in the morning, when my family and I set off from the house in our old car We'd only gone a mile when we got a (1) tyre, and after we'd fixed that we had to hurry to the airport We (2) to reach the check-in just before it closed, then went through to the departure lounge Soon we were (3) _the plane, and looking forward to our week on an island in the sun I had a window seat, but since I was directly above the (4) I couldn't see much, so I asked the flight (5) if I could move to another seat She found me one nearer the front of the plane, and later on I had a wonderful (6) of the snow-covered mountains as we crossed over the Austrian Alps The weather became sunnier as we approached Greece, and our plane arrived right on (7) at Athens' very smart new airport Half an hour after we landed, we (8) the train for the centre of Athens, where we (9) _trains for the port of Piraeus It wasn't long before we were on the waterfront After a short wait we were on board our ferry and sailing out to sea It was a lovely trip, and when finally we reached our destination, the holiday was a (10) _come true C16 Right now, I am (1) _at a shelf full of relics, a collection of has-beens, oldtimers, antiques, fossils Right now, I am looking at a shelf full of books If you have some spare cash (the going rate is about $89) and (2) _looking to enhance your reading experience, then I highly suggest you consider (3) _an e-reader E-readers are replacing the books of old, and I welcome them with open (4) _ If you haven't heard of an e-reader and (5) _ know what it is, then please permit the following explanation An e-reader is a device (6) _allows you to read e-books An e-book is a book-length publication in digital (7) _, consisting of text, images, or both, and produced on, published through, and readable on computers or other electronic devices Sometimes the equivalent of a conventional (8) _book, e-books can also be born digital The Oxford Dictionary of English defines the e-book as "an electronic version of a printed book," but e-books can and exist without any printed equivalent So now you know what an e-reader is But you still may be wondering why they put printed books to shame E-readers are superior to printed books because they (9) _space, are (10) friendly, and provide helpful reading tips and tools that printed books not C17 Many of us are trying to think of new (1) to help the environment Groups which are involved in protecting the environment think they may have found a long-term (2) _ Most of the current ways of getting people involved in helping the environment mean that people have to (3) _a large organisation and they can sometimes feel the problem is too large or (4) _to manage A new (5) _is that groups are set up locally to deal with small issues that affect just the community they (6) _in It is hoped this will make people more (7) _ of the importance of helping Also, this plan means that each community works together by contributing (8) _the environment and this makes for a strong community If every community does this then organisers are (9) _the effect will be national The government may even offer some (10) _help for projects set up by these local groups The idea came from someone who thought that reducing the size of what we would actually be more productive Also, it should mean that helping becomes a pleasure rather than a chore C18 E-readers are superior (1) _printed books because they save space The average e-reader can store thousands of digital books, (2) _a veritable library at your fingertips Moreover, being the size and weight of a thin hardback, the e-reader (3) _is relatively petite It is easy to hold and can fit in a pocketbook or briefcase easily The average novel is about 300 pages (4) _ Therefore, if a novel is printed 1000 times, it will use 300,000 pieces of paper That's a lot of paper! If there are about 80,000 pieces of paper in a tree, this means it (5) _almost trees to make these 1000 books We know that the average bestseller sells about 20,000 copies per week That means that it takes over 300 trees each month to sustain this rate And for the super (6) _, these figures increase dramatically For example, the Harry Potter book series has sold over 450 million copies That's about million trees! Upon viewing these (7) _, it is not hard to grasp the (8) _impact of printed books on the environment Since e-readers use no trees, (9) _represent a impact significant amount of preservation in terms (10) _the environment and its resources C19 The latest blockbuster to hit our cinemas is an adventure film which was made (1) location in Spain The (2) is quite simple; a teenager discovers (3) _secret papers which show that the President is in danger Then she disappears! We interviewed the actress who (4) _the part of the teenager in the film, Juliet Roberts It (5) things did not always go well during the production First, Juliet nearly missed being in the film Apparently, a copy of the (6) , which the producer had sent her to read, got lost in the post Then, in the middle of filming, part of the background (7) _fell on a member of the camera (8) _ Luckily, the man was not seriously hurt but they had to (9) _ another cameraman to take his place at short notice Something even worse happened a few days later when the director slipped and broke his leg It (10) _him quite a long time to recover from the shock and he had to direct the final scenes of the film from his wheelchair C20 Mona (1) _ like to ask people for help But it is hard (2) _her to perform daily activities on her own She is almost 13, yet she is no larger than a 5-year-old Mona has trouble (3) _her balance and can’t walk very far When she uses a wheelchair, she can’t push it (4) _ Fortunately, Mona has a wonderful service dog (5) _Sam A service dog is a dog that has been trained to assist someone who has a physical problem Sam (6) _Mona lean on him when she walks He also pulls her wheelchair and turns lights on and off When Mona drops something, Sam picks it up He (7) _pulls her socks off at night Sam also helps Mona with everyday tasks at school He carries her books from class to class in a special backpack He puts Mona’s completed assignments in her teachers’ homework trays In the lunchroom he throws away her trash (8) _making Mona less dependent on other people, Sam helps her lead a fuller life Mona’s classmates flock around Sam like geese This has helped her (9) _friends Sam also helps Mona be more active With his aid, she raised over $500 in a walk-a-thon for her local society Because of Sam, Mona doesn’t have to ask people for help Sam brings her closer to other kids And he even helps her (10) _to her community

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