most regular verbs take -ed verbs ending in -e take -d verbs ending in a consonant + y, drop the y and take -ied short verbs ending in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel, double the consonant and take -ed when the final sound of the verb is /t/ or /d/ when the final sound of the verb is voiceless /p, f, s, ʃ, tʃ, k/ when the final sound of the verb is voiced / b, g, v, z, ʒ, dʒ, m, n, ŋ, l, ð and r/