1. Trang chủ
  2. » Ngoại Ngữ

gmat exam success for leanning english

416 411 0

Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)

Tài liệu hạn chế xem trước, để xem đầy đủ mời bạn chọn Tải xuống

THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU

Cấu trúc

  • Table of Contents

  • Part 1 Preparing for the GMAT

    • Chapter 1 About the GMAT

      • Overview of the GMAT

      • Computer-Adaptive Test

      • Preparing for the Computer-Based GMAT Exam

      • How the GMAT Is Scored

      • Getting Your Scores to Schools

      • Retaking the Exam

      • GMAT Testing Center Rules and Regulations

      • Registering for the GMAT Exam

      • Paying for the GMAT

    • Chpater 2 GMAT Study Skills

      • Where Do I Start?

      • I Need a Plan

      • I Need a Place

      • The Right Tools

      • The Study Plan

      • You Are Worth It: Motivational and Relaxation Techniques that Work

      • Learning Strategies and Test-Taking Techniques

      • Testing Psychology

      • How to De-Stress

      • Stay Healthy

      • Multiple-Choice Strategies

      • The Endgame

  • Part 2 The GMAT Verbal Section

    • Chapter 3 Verbal Protest

      • Questions

      • Answer Explanations

    • Chapter 4 What to Expect on the GMAT Verbal Section

      • Reading Comprehension Questions

      • Critical Reasoning Questions

      • Sentence Correction Questions

    • Chapter 5 Reading Comprehension

      • Active Reading

      • Finding the Main Idea

      • Distinguishing between Fact and Opinion

      • Identifying Specific Fact and Opinion

      • Essay Types and Organizational Patterns

      • Making Inferences

    • Chapter 6 Critical Reasoning

      • Elements of an Arguement

      • Complicating Arguments

      • Evaluating Arguments

    • Chapter 7 Sentence Correction

      • 24 Rules for Grammar and Style

      • Sentence Structure

      • Grammar and Usage

      • Style

    • Chapter 8 Tips and Strategies for the Verbal Section

      • Reading Comprehension Questions

      • Critical Reasoning Questions

      • Sentence Correction Questions

    • Chapter 9 Verb Forms

      • Regular Verbs

      • Irregular Verbs

      • Helping Verbs

      • Subjunctive Verbs

      • Troublesome Verbs

      • Gerunds and Infinitives

    • Chapter 10 Prefixes, Suffixes, and Word Roots

      • Prefixes

      • Suffixes

      • Common Latin Word Roots

      • Common Greek Word Roots

    • Chapter 11 Verbal Section Practice Test

      • Questions

      • Answer Explanations

    • Chapter 12 Verbal Section Glossary

  • Part 3 The GMAT Analytical Writing Assessment

    • Chapter 13 Pretest

      • Questions

      • Answer Explanations

    • Chapter 14 About the Analytical Writing Assessment

      • Analysis of an Issue

      • Analysis of an Argument

      • How the Essays are Scored

    • Chapter 15 Guide to Effective Writing

      • The Writing Process

      • Seven Steps for Writing a Strong AWA Essay

      • Writing with Style

      • Writing Correctly: The Conventions of Standard Written English

      • 150 Most Commonly Misspelled Words

    • Chapter 16 Tips and Strategies for the AWA

      • General Writing Strategies

      • Analyzing the Issue

      • Analyzing the Argument

    • Chapter 17 AWA Practice

      • Analysis of an Issue Sample Prompts

      • Analysis of an Argument Sample Prompts

      • Answers and Explanations

  • Part 4 The GMAT Quantitative Section

    • Chapter 18 Quatitative Pretest

      • Problem Solving Questions

      • Data Sufficiency Questions

      • Answer Explanations

    • Chapter 19 About the Quantitative Section

      • About the Types of Questions

    • Chapter 20 Arithmetic

      • Types of Numbers

      • Properties of Numbers

      • Order of Operations

      • Special Types of Defined Operations

      • Factors, Multiples, and Divisibility

      • Prime and Composite Numbers

      • Even and Odd Numbers

      • Consecutive Integers

      • Absolute Value

      • Operations with Real Numbers

    • Chapter 21 Algebra

      • Translating Expressions and Equations

      • Combining Like Terms and Polynomials

      • Laws of Exponents

      • Solving Linear Equations of One Variable

      • Solving Linear Equations

      • Solving Inequalities

      • Multiplying and Factoring Polynomials

      • Solving Quadratic Equations

      • Rational Expressions and Equations

      • Coordinate Graphing

      • Systems of Equations with Two Variables

      • Problem Solving with Word Problems

      • Functions

    • Chapter 22 Geometry

      • Angles

      • Polygons

      • Triangles

      • Quadrilaterals

      • Circles

      • Measurement and Geometry

    • Chapter 23 Tips and Strategies for the Quatitative Section

    • Chapter 24 Quantitative Practice Test

      • Questions

      • Answer Explanations

    • Chapter 25 Quantitative Section Glossary

  • Appendix A: GMAT Online Resources

  • Appendix B: GMAT Print Resources

Nội dung

L e a r n i n g E x p r e s s ®’ s ® GMAT EXAM SUCCESS In Only Steps! http://www.xtremepapers.net L e a r n i n g E x p r e s s ®’ s ® GMAT EXAM SUCCESS In Only Steps! Elizabeth Chesla and Colleen Schultz ® NEW YORK Copyright © 2003 LearningExpress, LLC All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions Published in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Chesla, Elizabeth L GMAT exam success in only steps / Elizabeth Chesla and Colleen Schultz—1st ed p cm Includes bibliographical references ISBN 1-57685-472-8 Graduate Management Admission Test—Study guides Management—Examinations, questions, etc I Schultz, Colleen II Title HF1118.C44 2003 650'.076—dc21 2003009065 Printed in the United States of America 987654321 First Edition ISBN 1-57685-472-8 For more information or to place an order, contact LearningExpress at: 55 Broadway 8th Floor New York, NY 10006 Or visit us at: www.learnatest.com About the Authors Elizabeth Chesla is the author of TOEFL Exam Success, ACT Exam Success, GED Success, Reading Comprehension Success, Write Better Essays, and many other writing and reading guides and test preparation books She lives in South Orange, New Jersey Colleen Schultz is a math teacher from Binghamton, New York She is a contributing writer for 501 Math Word Problems, 501 Quantitative Comparison Questions, and an item writer for several high-stakes math tests Contents PART I Preparing for the GMAT Chapter About the GMAT Chapter Overview of the GMAT Computer-Adaptive Test Preparing for the Computer-Based GMAT Exam How the GMAT Is Scored Getting Your Scores to Schools Retaking the Exam GMAT Testing Center Rules and Regulations Registering for the GMAT Exam Paying for the GMAT 12 12 13 16 20 GMAT Study Skills 21 Where Do I Start? I Need a Plan I Need a Place The Right Tools The Study Plan You Are Worth It: Motivational and Relaxation Techniques that Work Learning Strategies and Test-Taking Techniques Testing Psychology 21 23 26 30 31 34 37 40 vii –CONTENTS– How to De-Stress Stay Healthy Multiple-Choice Strategies The Endgame 41 43 44 45 PART II The GMAT Verbal Section 49 Chapter Verbal Pretest 51 Questions Answer Explanations 52 58 What to Expect on the GMAT Verbal Section 63 Reading Comprehension Questions Critical Reasoning Questions Sentence Correction Questions 64 65 66 Reading Comprehension 69 Active Reading Finding the Main Idea Distinguishing between Fact and Opinion Identifying Specific Facts and Details Essay Types and Organizational Patterns Making Inferences 69 72 76 78 79 83 Critical Reasoning 87 Elements of an Argument Complicating Arguments Evaluating Arguments 87 89 93 Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Sentence Correction 109 24 Rules for Grammar and Style Sentence Structure Grammar and Usage Style 110 111 119 128 Tips and Strategies for the Verbal Section 137 Reading Comprehension Questions Critical Reasoning Questions Sentence Correction Questions 138 139 141 viii –CONTENTS– Chapter Verb Forms 143 Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Helping Verbs Subjunctive Mood Troublesome Verbs Gerunds and Infinitives 145 146 150 150 151 152 Prefixes, Suffixes, and Word Roots 155 Prefixes Suffixes Common Latin Word Roots Common Greek Word Roots 155 160 162 164 Verbal Section Practice Test 169 Questions Answer Explanations 170 193 Chapter 12 Verbal Section Glossary 207 PART III The GMAT Analytical Writing Assessment 211 Chapter 13 Pretest 213 Questions Answer Explanations 214 218 About the Analytical Writing Assessment 221 Analysis of an Issue Analysis of an Argument How the Essays Are Scored 221 223 225 Guide to Effective Writing 231 The Writing Process Seven Steps for Writing a Strong AWA Essay Writing with Style Writing Correctly: The Conventions of Standard Written English 150 Most Commonly Misspelled Words 231 236 248 252 265 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 ix –CONTENTS– Chapter 16 Tips and Strategies for the AWA 267 General Writing Strategies Analyzing the Issue Analyzing the Argument 267 269 269 AWA Practice 271 Analysis of an Issue Sample Prompts Analysis of an Argument Sample Prompts Answers and Explanations 272 282 292 PART IV The GMAT Quantitative Section 305 Chapter 18 Quantitative Pretest 307 Problem Solving Questions Data Sufficiency Questions Answer Explanations 308 310 312 About the Quantitative Section 317 About the Types of Questions 318 Arithmetic 321 Types of Numbers Properties of Numbers Order of Operations Special Types of Defined Operations Factors, Multiples, and Divisibility Prime and Composite Numbers Even and Odd Numbers Consecutive Integers Absolute Value Operations with Real Numbers 321 322 323 324 325 327 327 328 328 328 Algebra 339 Translating Expressions and Equations Combining Like Terms and Polynomials Laws of Exponents Solving Linear Equations of One Variable Solving Literal Equations Solving Inequalities 339 340 341 341 342 343 Chapter 17 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 x – QUANTITATIVE PRACTICE TEST – 30 b Let x = Sam’s current age and 3x = John’s current age If John will be twice as old as Sam in six years, this sets up the equation 3x + = (x + 6) Solve this equation for x by using the distributive property on the right side of the equation and then subtracting 2x from both sides 3x + = 2x + 12 3x – 2x + = 2x – 2x + 12 Subtract from both sides x + – = 12 – x = Since x is Sam’s current age, Sam was four years old two years ago 31 a By spinning the spinner two times, the probability of not getting an A is × 34 ϭ 169 32 d If sold by the case, each individual roll cost $.75 ( $9.00 12 ϭ.75) To find the percent of savings, comϪ 75 25 pare the savings to the cost of a roll sold individually 1.001.00 ϭ 0.25 ϭ 25% ϭ 1.00 33 e If at least one member must be a woman, the committee will have either one woman and two men or two women and one man Use combinations because the order does not matter × 42 ×× 31 ϭ 242 ϭ 12 Choosing one woman and two men: 2C1 × 4C2 ϭ Choosing two women and one man: 2C2 × 4C1 ϭ × × ϭ 41 ϭ 82 ϭ Since both situations would satisfy the requirement that at least one member is a woman, add the combinations 12 + = 16 total committees 34 a Start with the money she had left and work backwards If she had $5 left over, and had just spent three-fourths of her money on food, then $5 must be one-fourth of her money Before buying food she must have had × = $20 She then spent half of her money on clothes; therefore, $20 was half of her money, giving her $40 at this point She then spent one-third of her money on books and had $40 left over If $40 represents two-thirds of her money, then $60 must be the amount she began with 35 d Draw a diagram to show the path of the truck N W E ending point S 30 mi 20 mi 40 mi 20 mi starting point 30 mi 390 – QUANTITATIVE PRACTICE TEST – The distance between the starting point and the final destination is a diagonal line This line is the hypotenuse of a right triangle that has one leg of 40 and the other measuring 30 Use the Pythagorean theorem: a2 + b2 = c2 Recall, however, that this is a multiple of the most common Pythagorean triple (3, 4, 5)—namely, 30, 40, 50 The distance is 50 miles 36 d × 25 ϭ 15 ϭ 0.2 divided by 0.04 is the same as 20 divided by 4, which is equal to 37 c Since we are trying to find the width of the deck, let x = the width of the deck Therefore, x + x + 20 or 2x + 20 is the width of the entire figure In the same way, x + x + 28 or 2x + 28 is the length of the entire figure The area of a rectangle is length × width, so use A = l × w Substitute into the equation: 884 = (2x + 20)(2x + 28) Multiply using FOIL: 884 = 4x + 56x + 40x + 560 Combine like terms: 884 = 4x + 96x + 560 Subtract 884 from both sides: 884 – 884 = 4x + 96x + 560 – 884 = 4x2 + 96x – 324 Divide each term by 4: = x + 24x – 81 Factor the trinomial: = (x + 27)(x – 3) Set each factor equal to zero and solve: x + 27 = or x – = x = –27 x = Since we are solving for a length, the solution of –27 must be rejected The width of the deck is feet 38 d If you are randomly guessing with five possible answer choices, the probability of guessing correct is out of 5, or 51 Since the test has n number of questions and we want to get half of them correct, we want this to happen n times Therefore, the probability would be times itself 39 d Let x = the smaller integer The ratio of to can be written as 1x to 4x or integer, set the ratio equal to 21 , and solve x ϩ 4x x 4x n n times, or 115 22 Add to the smaller ϭ 12 Cross-multiply to get 2x + 12 = 4x Subtract 2x from both sides of the equation 2x – 2x + 12 = 4x – 2x 12 = 2x, so = x If the smaller integer is 6, then the larger integer is × = 24 40 a Since x represents the perimeter of the original square, 3x represents the perimeter of the new square If each side is tripled, the perimeter also triples 41 d If you take statement (1) and divide each term by 2, the result is x + 2y = 10 Thus, x + 2y is solved for If you take statement (2) and add 12 x to both sides and multiply each term by 2, the result is also x + 2y = 10 Therefore, either statement is sufficient 391 – QUANTITATIVE PRACTICE TEST – 42 d Any real number is either rational or irrational and subtracting from any rational or irrational will also be a real number Statement (1) is sufficient Statement (2) implies that if the square root of a number is irrational, the original number was either rational or irrational Statement (2) is sufficient 43 b Since you know that ABCD is a rectangle, you already know that each vertex angle is 90 degrees Statement (1) does not tell you any additional information about ABCD Statement (2) states that the diagonals are perpendicular; a rectangle with perpendicular diagonals is a square Statement (2) is sufficient 44 d Either statement is sufficient Statement (1) is sufficient because if the measure of each adjacent exterior angle is 72, then the measure of the interior angle is 180 – 72 = 108 Statement (2) is also sufficient Regular polygons contain congruent sides and congruent angles If the pentagon is made up of 540 degrees, then 540 Ϭ = 108 in each angle 45 c Since this question has two variables and two equations, they can be used together to solve for x and y If both equations are combined, the result is 3x = 15 Obviously x and subsequently y can be solved for now, but you not need to finish the problem once you have reached this conclusion 46 d In this problem, either statement is sufficient Angle ACB is supplementary to x, so 180 – 30 = 150 degrees Statement (2) says that the sum of the two remote interior angle equal 150 degrees; this is equal to the exterior angle, x Note that the diagram is not drawn to scale so you should not rely on the diagram to calculate the answer 47 b The dimensions of the room are not significant and will not help you solve the problem Statement (2) tells how long it takes Ted to paint the room alone Using this information, you can set up the equation x ϩ 17 ϭ 14 In this equation, x is the time it takes Joe to paint the room, room Joe can paint in one hour, x is the part of the is the part of the room Ted can paint in one hour, and is the part of the room they can paint together in one hour Stop You have an equation that can be solved, but you not need to solve it Statement (2) is sufficient 48 c Statement (1) and statement (2) together are sufficient To have a product greater than zero, either x and y are both positive or both negative You need both statements to be able to tell The fact that x Ͼ lets you know that x is positive, and since y Ͻ 0, y is negative 49 c To find the area of the sector, use the formula x 360 × ␲r where x is the angle measure of the central angle of the sector The length of the diameter is necessary to find the length of the radius Statement (1) and statement (2) together are sufficient 50 e Even though the points are in the same plane, you are not sure if A, B, and C are collinear (contained on the same straight line), or even if B is between A and C Not enough information is given in either statement 51 b The fact that l is perpendicular to p indicates that angle x is a right angle, but it tells you nothing about angle y The fact that l is parallel to m in statement (2) is much more useful Since p is parallel to n, you can use corresponding angles to figure out that y is equal to the angle adjacent to x Therefore, x and y are supplementary 52 e Both statements are irrelevant because you not know the cost of any of the items at either store 392 – QUANTITATIVE PRACTICE TEST – 53 b Statement (1) could mean that x + = 8, which is not a factor of 12 If x + is a factor of both and 3, then x = and x + = One is a factor of every number Statement (2) will suffice by itself 54 c Solve the compound inequality in statement (1) 22 Ͻ 3x + Ͻ 28 Subtract from each part of the inequality 22 – Ͻ 3x + – Ͻ 28 – Divide each part by 213 3x3 273 x The result is that x is some number between and 9; thus, statement (1) is not sufficient Statement (2), together with statement (1), is sufficient, and the answer is conclusively one value—namely, 55 a Since x and y are consecutive even integers, they are numbers such as 10 and 12 or 32 and 34 Using statement (1), the only two numbers that would satisfy the equation are 48 and 50 Statement (1) is sufficient Statement (2) just restates the obvious; every two consecutive even integers are two numbers apart This does not help you solve the problem 56 c Since x2 – 25 is the difference between two perfect squares, its factors are (x – 5) and (x + 5) Statement (1) gives the value of x – Statement (2) can be changed from – x = to = x + by adding x to both sides of the equation Since you now know the numerical value of each factor, you can find the numerical value of x2 – 25 57 d Let x = the length of the courtyard Statement (1) states that 2x + = the width of the courtyard Using the formula area = length × width, we get the equation 60 = x (2x + 2), which can be solved for x Statement (1) is sufficient Using statement (2), the diagonal divides the courtyard into two congruent right triangles If the diagonal is 13 meters, and the dimensions are whole numbers, this must be a 5—12—13 right triangle The length is meters, and statement (2) is also sufficient 58 a Statement (1) is sufficient If the triangle is equilateral, then all sides and all angles are congruent This would make x + y = 60 and z = 60; this is enough information to answer the question From statement (2), you can only tell that AD is the altitude drawn to side BC , and that ᭝ADB and ᭝ADC are both right triangles 59 c To find the area of the shaded region, you need the area of the inner circle subtracted from the outer circle Since the formula for the area of a circle is A ϭ ␲r , you need to know at least the radius of each circle Statement (1) gives you the area of the inner circle only, but no information about the outer circle Statement (2) tells you the diameter of the outer circle is 20, so the radius is 10 Both statements are needed to answer the question 60 d From the diagram, if the measure of angle C is 30 degrees and angle B is a right angle, then ᭝ABC is a 30—60—90 right triangle Using statement (1), if the measure of BC is ͙ෆ 3, then the shortest side x must be 22 , which reduces to Using statement (2), if the length of AC is and AC is the hypotenuse of the triangle, then the shortest side of the triangle x is equal to = Either statement is sufficient 61 c Remember that (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2 From statement (1), we know that a2 + b2 = 13 By crossmultiplying in statement (2), we get 2ab = 12 Since we know the values of a2 + b2 and 2ab, and (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2, we can now take the square root of the sum to find the value of a + b 62 c The sum of the two smaller sides of a triangle must be greater than the longest side To find the third side, subtract the two known values to get the lower bound and add the two known values to get the upper bound The value of the third sides must be between these two numbers Therefore, both statements are necessary 393 – QUANTITATIVE PRACTICE TEST – 63 d The formula for the area of a circle is A ϭ ␲r , so the radius of the circle must be found in order to use the formula Statement (1) gives you the radius Using statement (2), the formula can be found by the fact that the circumference is ␲ × the diameter If the diameter is 12, then the radius is Stop; you not actually need to compute the area Either statement can be used to solve the problem 64 b Statement (1) contains two variables; you would need more information to solve for z Statement (2) can be put into the form z – z – 12 = This equation can be solved by either factoring or by using the quadratic formula, and is sufficient to answer the question 65 c In this type of question, remember the formula distance = rate × time Let t = the time it takes the second car to catch up to the first The fact that the second car is traveling 10 miles per hour faster than the first is not helpful by itself We need to know more about either the distance traveled or the time traveled Statement (2) alone also does not give enough information because we not know the distances traveled If we use both statements together, the first car’s distance is 50 (t + 1) and the second car’s distance is 60t When the second car catches up, their distances will be the same Setting the two distances equal to each other gives the equation 50t + 50 = 60t We can subtract 50t from both 50 sides and divide by 10 10 ϭ 10t 10 t = hours 66 c Statement (1) gives information about one of the three sides of the triangle, but this is not enough to solve for XZ Statement (2) tells you that the right triangle in this problem is a 45—45—90 right triangle, or an isosceles right triangle However, this also is not enough information to find XZ By using the two statements together, if YZ = 6, then XZ = 6͙ෆ 67 d Divide both sides of the equation in statement (1) by 3y This results in the proportion x y x y x y ϭ 63 Since ϭ 63 , xy ϭ 36 Therefore, the answer to the original question would be yes Statement (2) tells you that is greater than 1; therefore, it must be an improper fraction y x would then be a proper fraction mak- x y ing it less than Either statement is sufficient 68 b Statement (2) is the same as the original question doubled Divide $11.00 by to answer the question Statement (1) is not sufficient by itself 69 d Either statement is sufficient The ratio of the perimeters of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the corresponding sides Also, the ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the squares of the ratios of the corresponding sides 70 a Let x equal the amount of time passed Since the time remaining is 14 of the time that has passed, this time can be represented as 14 x Converting to decimal form may make this problem easier, so change 14 x to 25x Since 1x is the time passed and 25x is the time remaining, then 1x + 25x is the total time This is equal to 1.25x To calculate the percent of the period that is over, use the proportion part % whole ϭ 100 Now set up a proportion using the time passed as the part and the total time for the class as the whole x 1.25 ϭ 100 394 – QUANTITATIVE PRACTICE TEST – Cross-multiply to get 1.25x = 100 100 Divide both sides by 1.25 1.25x 1.25 ϭ 1.25 x = 80% 80% of the class period is over For this particular question, the number of minutes in the class period is not needed to solve the problem 71 c To solve this problem, you need to find the distance east and north that he travels Since he goes directly east and then directly north, his path forms a right angle, which in turn is part of a right triangle His straight-line distance to school is the hypotenuse of the right triangle formed by his paths Although statement (1) gives you the hypotenuse, you not know enough information to solve for the other sides Statement (2) gives the relationship between the two legs of the right triangle, but again this is not enough information Using the information from both statements, you can write an equation using the Pythagorean theorem: a2 + b = c Let x = the distance he travels east and x + = the distance he travels north x + (x + 7)2 =172 This equation can now be solved for the missing legs and therefore the solution to the problem 72 b Statement (2) is sufficient Change the equation to y = mx + b form, where m is the slope of the line and b is the y-intercept 3y = x – becomes 13 x Ϫ 43 The slope of the line is 13 Statement (1) is not sufficient because we cannot tell the slope of line by only looking at the x-intercept 73 e Neither statement is sufficient The question never states the amount of commission, nor the commission rate, he gets on sales over $4,000 74 a Statement (1) is sufficient In a triangle, when a line is drawn parallel to a base, the line divides the sides it intersects proportionally This would make ᭝ABC similar to ᭝ADE Using statement (2), knowing that AD = AE is not enough information to assume that other parts are proportional 75 c In order to have enough information to substitute into the formula, you would need both statements Use p = $1,000, r = 0.04 and n = to compare Bank A to Bank B Again, you not need to actually compute the interest earned once you can answer the question 76 d Knowing that the gate is square and the diagonal is 30 ͙ෆ 2, the Pythagorean theorem can be used 2 with x as the side of the square x + x = (30 ͙ෆ ) Or you may recall that the length of a leg will be 30 2 ϭ 30 because it is an isosceles triangle Thus, statement (2) is sufficient Since statement (1) 2 gives the width and the gate is a square, then the height is the same as the width Either statement is sufficient 77 e Statement (1) is not sufficient The fact that angle A is 43 degrees does not give you enough information about the rest of the triangle or the circle Statement (2) is also not sufficient Even though the diameter, or AD , equals 10, you cannot assume that this is the altitude or height of the triangle 78 e From statement (1), the circle is centered at the origin and has a radius of This obviously is not sufficient because it does not tell you anything about the line Even though statement (2) gives you the y-intercept of the line, since you not know the slope, the line could intersect the circle in 0, 1, or different places Neither statement is sufficient 395 – QUANTITATIVE PRACTICE TEST – 79 a Using distance = rate × time and the facts from statement (1), you can calculate the time they will be 350 miles apart You are told that they are traveling at the same rate To solve for the rate, you can use the equation that relates Michael’s distance plus Katie’s distance, which equals 250 miles at a time of 1.5 hours Once the rate is known you can then solve for the time when they are 350 miles apart Statement (2) is unnecessary information and does not help you to solve for the time 80 c Because you know that the triangle is equilateral from statement (1), you also know that each side has the same measure and that each angle is 60 degrees This does not, however, tell you the length of the diameter or radius of the circle, which you need to know in order to find the area Statement (2) alone is also insufficient because it tells you the length of one side of the triangle, but no other information about the figure Using both statements together, the diameter is then 16; thus, the radius is Therefore, the area of the semicircle can be calculated 396 C H A P T E R 25 Quantitative Section Glossary binary system one of the simplest numbering systems The base of the binary system is 2, which means that only the digits and can appear in a binary representation of any number circumference the distance around the outside of a circle composite number any integer that can be divided evenly by a number other than itself and All numbers are either prime or composite counting numbers include all whole numbers with the exception of data sufficiency a type of question used on the GMAT® exam that contains an initial question or statement followed by two statements labeled (1) and (2) Test takers are asked to determine whether the statements offer enough data to solve the problem decimal a number in the base 10 number system Each place value in a decimal number is worth ten times the place value of the digit to its right denominator the bottom number in a fraction The denominator of ᎏ2ᎏ is diameter a chord that passes through the center of the circle and has endpoints on the circle difference the result of subtracting one number from another divisible by capable of being evenly divided by a given number without a remainder dividend the number in a division problem that is being divided In 32 Ϭ ϭ 8, 32 is the dividend 397 – GLOSSARY OF MATH TERMS – even number a counting number that is divisible by expanded notation a method of writing numbers as the sum of their units (hundreds, tens, ones, etc.) The expanded notation for 378 is 300 + 70 + exponent a number that indicates an operation of repeated multiplication For instance, 34 indicates that should be multiplied by itself times factor one of two or more numbers or variables that are being multiplied together fractal a geometric figure that is self-similar; that is, any smaller piece of the figure will have roughly the same shape as the whole improper fraction a fraction whose numerator is the same size as or larger than its denominator Improper fractions are equal to or greater than integer all of the whole numbers and negatives too Examples are –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, and Note that integers not include fractions or decimals multiple of a multiple of a number has that number as one of its factors The number 35 is a multiple of 7; it is also a multiple of negative number a real number whose value is less than numerator the top number in a fraction The numerator of ᎏ14ᎏ is odd number a counting number that is not divisible by percent a ratio or fraction whose denominator is assumed to be 100, expressed using the % sign 98% is equal 98 to 100 perimeter the distance around the outside of a polygon polygon a closed two-dimensional shape made up of several line segments that are joined together positive number a real number whose value is greater than prime number a real number that is divisible by only positive factors: and itself product the result when two numbers are multiplied together proper fraction a fraction whose denominator is larger than its numerator Proper fractions are equal to less than proportion a relationship between two equivalent sets of fractions in the form ab ϭ dc quotient the result when one number is divided into another radical the symbol used to signify a root operation radius any line segment from the center of the circle to a point on the circle The radius of a circle is equal to half its diameter ratio the relationship between two things, expressed as a proportion real numbers include fractions and decimals in addition to integers reciprocal one of two numbers that, when multiplied together, give a product of For instance, since 2 × is equal to 1, is the reciprocal of remainder the amount left over after a division problem using whole numbers Divisible numbers always have a remainder of 398 – GLOSSARY OF MATH TERMS – root (square root) one of two (or more) equal factors of a number The square root of 36 is 6, because × = 36 The cube root of 27 is because × × = 27 simplify terms to combine like terms and reduce an equation to its most basic form variable a letter, often x, used to represent an unknown number value in a problem whole numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, and so on They not include negatives, fractions, or decimals 399 A P P E N D I X A GMAT Online Resources www.gmac.com/GMAC/default.htm the Graduate Management Admission Council® provides information about the GMAT® exam and business schools nationwide www.800score.com/gmat-home.html this site offers a variety of online GMAT exam preparation materials and services www.crack-gmat.com this site offers a variety of GMAT exam preparation materials and online services www.gmat-mba-prep.com this site provides GMAT exam test-taking strategies, practice tests, and general information www.princetonreview.com the Princeton Review offers a variety of GMAT exam preparation services and materials www.kaplan.com Kaplan offers a variety of GMAT exam preparation services and materials www.gmattutor.com this site offers a wide variety of online GMAT exam preparation services and materials www.testmagic.com Test Magic offers a variety of online GMAT exam preparation services and materials http://education.yahoo.com/college/essentials/practice_tests/gmat Yahoo offers a variety of GMAT exam preparation services and materials www.prep.com this site offers a variety of GMAT exam preparation materials www.deltacourse.com this site offers online GMAT preparation courses 401 A P P E N D I X B GMAT Print Resources General Arco Master the GMAT Cat with CD-ROM (New York: Arco, 2002) GMAT CAT Success with CD-ROM (New York: Petersons, 2002) GMAT CAT Success (New York: Petersons, 2002) Hilbert, Stephen Pass Key to the GMAT (Hauppauge, NY: Barron’s Educational Series, 2001) Kaplan GMAT 2003 (New York: Kaplan, 2002) Kaplan GMAT/LSAT and GRE 2002 Edition (New York: Kaplan, 2003) Martz, Geoff, and Robinson, Adam Cracking the GMAT with CD-ROM (New York: Random House, 2002) The Official Guide for GMAT Review, 10th Edition (Princeton, NJ: Graduate Management Admission, 2000) Ultimate Prep for the GMAT: A Systematic Approach (Austin: Lighthouse Review, 2002) Wilmerding, Alex, and others The GMAT: Real World Intelligence, Strategies and Experience from the Experts to Prepare You for Everything the Classroom and Textbooks Won’t Teach You for the GMAT (Boston: Aspatore Books, 2002) 403 – GMAT PRINT RESOURCES – Quantitative LearningExpress 501 Math Word Problems (New York: LearningExpress, 2003) LearningExpress Algebra Success in 20 Minutes a Day (New York: LearningExpress, 2000) LearningExpress Geometry Success in 20 Minutes a Day (New York: LearningExpress, 2000) LearningExpress Practical Math Success in 20 Minutes a Day (New York, LearningExpress, 2000) Stuart, David, and others GRE/GMAT Math Workbook (New York: Kaplan, 2002) Taylor, N Math Collection: SAT & GMAT Practice Problems (Los Angeles: Unicorn Multi-Media, 2002) Verbal and Analytical Writing Bomstad, Linda, O’Toole, Frederick J., and Stewart, Mark Alan GMAT CAT: Answers to the Real Essay Questions (New York: Arco, 2002) French, Douglas Verbal Workout for the GMAT (New York: Princeton Review, 1999) LearningExpress Reading Comprehension Success in 20 Minutes a Day, 2nd Edition (New York: LearningExpress, 2001) LearningExpress 501 Vocabulary Questions (New York: LearningExpress, 2003) LearningExpress 501 Writing Prompts (New York: LearningExpress, 2003) LearningExpress Vocabulary and Spelling Success, 3rd Edition (New York: LearningExpress, 2002) LearningExpress Writing Success in 20 Minutes a Day (New York: LearningExpress, 2001) Multhopp, Ingrid Kaplan GMAT Verbal Workbook (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001) Palmore, Jo Norris Logic and Reading Review for the GRE, GMAT, LSAT, MCAT (New York: Petersons, 2002) The Ultimate Verbal and Vocabulary Builder for the SAT, ACT, GRE, GMAT, and LSAT (Austin: Lighthouse Review, 2002) Writing Skills for the GRE and GMAT Tests (New York: Petersons, 2002) 404

Ngày đăng: 30/08/2016, 02:05

TỪ KHÓA LIÊN QUAN

TÀI LIỆU CÙNG NGƯỜI DÙNG

  • Đang cập nhật ...

TÀI LIỆU LIÊN QUAN