GNU emacs manual

GNU Emacs Manual GNU Emacs Manual Seventeenth Edition, Updated for Emacs Version 24.5 Richard Stallman et al This is the Seventeenth edition of the GNU Emacs Manual, updated for Emacs version 24.5 Copyright c 1985–1987, 1993–2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being “The GNU Manifesto,” “Distribution” and “GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE,” with the Front-Cover Texts being “A GNU Manual,” and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below A copy of the license is included in the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License.” (a) The FSF’s Back-Cover Text is: “You have the freedom to copy and modify this GNU manual Buying copies from the FSF supports it in developing GNU and promoting software freedom.” Published by the Free Software Foundation 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA ISBN 978-0-9831592-5-4 Cover art by Etienne Suvasa; cover design by Matt Lee i Short Contents Preface Distribution Introduction The Organization of the Screen Characters, Keys and Commands 11 Entering and Exiting Emacs 14 Basic Editing Commands 16 The Minibuffer 26 Running Commands by Name 36 Help 37 The Mark and the Region 45 Killing and Moving Text 52 10 Registers 64 11 Controlling the Display 69 12 Searching and Replacement 90 13 Commands for Fixing Typos 109 14 Keyboard Macros 114 15 File Handling 122 16 Using Multiple Buffers 147 17 Multiple Windows 156 18 Frames and Graphical Displays 162 19 International Character Set Support 177 20 Major and Minor Modes 199 21 Indentation 205 22 Commands for Human Languages 208 23 Editing Programs 240 24 Compiling and Testing Programs 261 25 Maintaining Large Programs 281 26 Abbrevs 309 27 Dired, the Directory Editor 315 28 The Calendar and the Diary 331 29 Sending Mail 350 30 Reading Mail with Rmail 359 31 Miscellaneous Commands 379 32 Emacs Lisp Packages 408 ii 33 Customization 34 Dealing with Common Problems A GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE B GNU Free Documentation License C Command Line Arguments for Emacs Invocation D X Options and Resources E Emacs 23 Antinews F Emacs and Mac OS / GNUstep G Emacs and Microsoft Windows/MS-DOS The GNU Manifesto Glossary Key (Character) Index Command and Function Index Variable Index Concept Index 412 443 459 470 478 493 500 502 505 515 523 546 555 568 575 iii Table of Contents Preface Distribution Acknowledgments Introduction The Organization of the Screen 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Kinds of User Input 11 Keys 11 Keys and Commands 12 Entering and Exiting Emacs 14 3.1 3.2 Characters, Keys and Commands 11 2.1 2.2 2.3 Point The Echo Area The Mode Line The Menu Bar Entering Emacs 14 Exiting Emacs 15 Basic Editing Commands 16 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 Inserting Text Changing the Location of Point Erasing Text Undoing Changes Files Help Blank Lines Continuation Lines Cursor Position Information Numeric Arguments Repeating a Command 16 17 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 25 iv The Minibuffer 26 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Using the Minibuffer Minibuffers for File Names Editing in the Minibuffer Completion 5.4.1 Completion Example 5.4.2 Completion Commands 5.4.3 Completion Exit 5.4.4 How Completion Alternatives Are Chosen 5.4.5 Completion Options 5.5 Minibuffer History 5.6 Repeating Minibuffer Commands 5.7 Entering passwords 5.8 Yes or No Prompts 26 26 27 28 28 29 30 31 32 32 34 34 35 Running Commands by Name 36 Help 37 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 Documentation for a Key Help by Command or Variable Name Apropos Help Mode Commands Keyword Search for Packages Help for International Language Support Other Help Commands Help Files Help on Active Text and Tooltips 39 39 40 41 42 42 43 43 44 The Mark and the Region 45 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 Setting the Mark Commands to Mark Textual Objects Operating on the Region The Mark Ring The Global Mark Ring Shift Selection Disabling Transient Mark Mode 45 47 47 48 49 49 50 v Killing and Moving Text 52 9.1 Deletion and Killing 9.1.1 Deletion 9.1.2 Killing by Lines 9.1.3 Other Kill Commands 9.1.4 Options for Killing 9.2 Yanking 9.2.1 The Kill Ring 9.2.2 Yanking Earlier Kills 9.2.3 Appending Kills 9.3 “Cut and Paste” Operations on Graphical Displays 9.3.1 Using the Clipboard 9.3.2 Cut and Paste with Other Window Applications 9.3.3 Secondary Selection 9.4 Accumulating Text 9.5 Rectangles 9.6 CUA Bindings 10 Registers 64 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 11 52 52 53 54 54 55 55 55 56 57 57 58 58 59 60 62 Saving Positions in Registers Saving Text in Registers Saving Rectangles in Registers Saving Window Configurations in Registers Keeping Numbers in Registers Keeping File Names in Registers Keyboard Macro Registers Bookmarks 64 64 65 66 66 66 67 67 Controlling the Display 69 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 11.9 11.10 11.11 11.12 11.13 11.14 11.15 11.16 11.17 11.18 Scrolling Recentering Automatic Scrolling Horizontal Scrolling Narrowing View Mode Follow Mode Text Faces Colors for Faces Standard Faces Text Scale Font Lock mode Interactive Highlighting Window Fringes Displaying Boundaries Useless Whitespace Selective Display Optional Mode Line Features 69 70 71 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 78 78 80 81 82 82 83 84 vi 11.19 11.20 11.21 11.22 11.23 12 How Text Is Displayed Displaying the Cursor Line Truncation Visual Line Mode Customization of Display 85 86 87 87 88 Searching and Replacement 90 12.1 Incremental Search 90 12.1.1 Basics of Incremental Search 90 12.1.2 Repeating Incremental Search 91 12.1.3 Errors in Incremental Search 91 12.1.4 Special Input for Incremental Search 92 12.1.5 Isearch Yanking 93 12.1.6 Not Exiting Incremental Search 93 12.1.7 Searching the Minibuffer 94 12.2 Nonincremental Search 95 12.3 Word Search 95 12.4 Symbol Search 96 12.5 Regular Expression Search 96 12.6 Syntax of Regular Expressions 97 12.7 Backslash in Regular Expressions 100 12.8 Regular Expression Example 102 12.9 Searching and Case 102 12.10 Replacement Commands 103 12.10.1 Unconditional Replacement 103 12.10.2 Regexp Replacement 103 12.10.3 Replace Commands and Case 104 12.10.4 Query Replace 105 12.11 Other Search-and-Loop Commands 107 13 Commands for Fixing Typos 109 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 14 Undo Transposing Text Case Conversion Checking and Correcting Spelling 109 110 111 111 Keyboard Macros 114 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 Basic Use The Keyboard Macro Ring The Keyboard Macro Counter Executing Macros with Variations Naming and Saving Keyboard Macros Editing a Keyboard Macro Stepwise Editing a Keyboard Macro 114 115 116 118 118 119 120 Concept Index 575 Concept Index $ A $ in file names 122 abbrev file 312 Abbrev mode 309 abbrevs 309 abnormal hook 422 aborting recursive edit 444 accented characters 195 accessible portion 73 accumulating scattered text 59 action options (command line) 478 active region 45 adaptive filling 215 adding to the kill ring in Dired 329 addpm, MS-Windows installation program 486 adjust buffer face height 78 aggressive scrolling 71 alarm clock 346 alignment for comments 249 Alt key invokes menu (Windows) 509 ALTERNATE_EDITOR environment variable 395 ange-ftp 142 animate 406 animated images 145 anonymous FTP 143 appending kills in the ring 56 appointment notification 346 apropos 40 apropos search results, order by score 41 Arabic 177, 179 arc 142 Arch 282 Archive mode 142 arguments (command line) 478 arguments to commands 23 arrow keys 17 ASCII 11 ASCII 179 ASCII art 208 Asm mode 260 assembler mode 260 astronomical day numbers 338 attached frame (of speedbar) 171 attribute (Rmail) 365 attributes of mode line, changing 85 Auto Compression mode 141 Auto Fill mode 212 Auto Save mode 133 Auto-Revert mode 133 auto-save for remote files 134 autoload 277 autoload Lisp libraries 440 automatic scrolling 71 avoiding mouse in the way of your typing 175 AWK mode 256 ( ( in leftmost column 241 * *Messages* buffer –/—/.-./ / 407 dir-locals.el file emacs file mailrc file newsrc file 427 437 352 379 / // in file name 27 ? ‘?’ in display 178 _emacs init file, MS-Windows 509 ~ ~/.emacs file ~/.emacs.d/gtkrc file ~/.gtkrc-2.0 file ~/.Xdefaults file ~/.Xresources file 437 495 495 493 493 7z 142 8-bit display 195 8-bit input 195 Concept Index B Babyl files 363 back end (version control) 281 back reference, in regexp 101 back reference, in regexp replacement 104 background color 74 background color, command-line argument 488 background mode, on xterm 485 background syntax highlighting 79 BACKSPACE vs DEL 444 backtrace 446 backtrace for bug reports 454 backup file 127 backup, and user-id 129 backups for remote files 143 Bah´ a’´ı calendar 339 balanced expression 246 balloon help 44 base buffer 153 base direction of paragraphs 197 batch mode 480 battery status (on mode line) 85 Bazaar 282 Belarusian 179 Bengali 177, 179 bidirectional editing 197 binding 12 binding keyboard macros 119 binding keys 431 blank lines 21 blank lines in programs 251 blinking cursor 86 blinking cursor disable, command-line argument 492 body lines (Outline mode) 218 bookmarks 67 border color, command-line argument 488 borders (X Window System) 490 boredom 406 brace in column zero and fontification 79 braces, moving across 248 branch (version control) 295 Brazilian Portuguese 179 Browse-URL 405 buffer definitions index 242 buffer list, customizable 155 Buffer Menu 151 buffer size display 84 buffer size, maximum 147 buffer text garbled 446 buffer-local hooks 423 buffers 147 bug criteria 449 bug reporting 450 bug reporting, checklist 451 bug tracker 449 bugs 448 building programs 261 576 built-in package Bulgarian Burmese button down events buttons buttons (customization buffer) buttons at buffer position bypassing init and default.el file byte code byte-compiling several files (in Dired) bzr 408 179 179 435 164 412 231 481 276 322 282 C C editing 240 C mode 256 C++ class browser, tags 299 C++ mode 256 C- 11 C-c C-c (Log Edit mode) 287 cache of file names 144 calendar 331 calendar and HTML 334 calendar and LATEX 334 calendar, first day of week 332 call Lisp functions, command-line argument 479 camel case 255 capitalizing words 216 case conversion 216 case in completion 32 case-sensitivity and completion 32 case-sensitivity and tags search 306 categories of characters 102 cells, for text-based tables 234 centering 213 centralized version control 284 Cham 179 change buffers 147 change Emacs directory 480 change log 297 Change Log mode 298 changes, undoing 109 changeset-based version control 283 changing file group (in Dired) 321 changing file owner (in Dired) 321 changing file permissions (in Dired) 321 changing file time (in Dired) 322 char mode (terminal emulator) 391 character set (keyboard) 11 character set of character at point 178 character syntax 439 characters (in text) 85 characters in a certain charset 196 characters which belong to a specific language 102 characters with no font glyphs 86 characters, inserting by name or code-point 16 charsets 196 Concept Index checking out files 282 checking spelling 111 checking syntax 266 checklist before reporting a bug 451 Chinese 177, 179 Chinese calendar 339 choosing a major mode 202 choosing a minor mode 202 ciphers 406 citing mail 355 class browser, C++ 299 click events 435 client frame 395 client-side fonts 170 clipboard 57 clipboard manager 57 close buffer 150 close file 150 coding systems 183 collision 131 color emulation on black-and-white printers 399 color name 75 color of window, from command line 488 color scheme 418 Column Number mode 84 columns (and rectangles) 60 columns (indentation) 205 columns, splitting 238 Comint mode 387 comint-highlight-input face 385 comint-highlight-prompt face 385 command 12 command history 34 command line arguments 478 comments 249 comments on customized settings 415 Common Lisp 279 compare files (in Dired) 324 comparing files (diff3) 138 comparing files 137 compilation buffer, keeping point at end 261 compilation errors 261 Compilation mode 262 complete key 11 completion 28 completion (Lisp symbols) 254 completion (symbol names) 254, 307 completion alternative 28 completion list 29 completion style 31 compose character 196 compressing files (in Dired) 322 compression 141 Conf mode 240 confirming in the minibuffer 30 conflicts 296 connecting to remote host 393 continuation line 22 577 contributing to Emacs 457 Control 11 control character 11 control characters on display 85 converting text to upper or lower case 216 Coptic calendar 339 copy 57 copying files 140 copying files (in Dired) 321 copying text 55 CORBA IDL mode 256 core dump 447 Core Text, on Mac OS X 503 correcting spelling 111 CPerl mode 240 crash report 446 crashes 133 create a text-based table 234 creating files 123 creating frames 166 Croatian 179 cryptanalysis 406 CSSC 282 CUA key bindings 62 current buffer 147 current function name in mode line 243 cursor cursor color, command-line argument 488 cursor face 74, 86 cursor in non-selected windows 87 cursor location 23 cursor location, on MS-DOS 506 cursor motion 17 cursor, blinking 86 cursor, visual-order motion 17 custom themes 418 custom themes, creating 419 customizable variable 412 customization 412 customization buffer 412 customization groups 412 customization of menu face 78 customizing faces 416 customizing Lisp indentation 244 customizing variables 414 cut 57 cut and paste 528 cutting text 52 CVS 282 CWarn mode 259 Cyrillic 177, 179 Czech 179 D daemon, Emacs 393 day of year 333 daylight saving time 347 Concept Index DBX 266 dead character 196 debbugs package 449 debuggers 266 debugging Emacs, tricks and techniques 455 decentralized version control 284 decoding mail messages (Rmail) 374 decoding non-ASCII keyboard input on X 190 decrease buffer face height 78 decrypting files (in Dired) 322 default argument 26 default directory 26, 122 default face 74 default file name 122 default-frame-alist 172 default.el file, not loading 481 default.el, the default init file 437 defining keyboard macros 114 defuns 241 DEL does not delete 444 DEL vs BACKSPACE 444 Delete Selection mode 48 deleting auto-save files 317 deleting blank lines 21 deleting characters and lines 19 deleting files (in Dired) 316 deleting rows and column in text-based tables 236 deleting some backup files 317 deletion 52 deletion (of files) 140 deletion (Rmail) 361 desktop 403 desktop shortcut, MS-Windows 505 Devanagari 179 device for Emacs terminal I/O 480 dialog boxes 174 diary 341 diary file 342 Diff Auto-Refine mode 138 Diff mode 138 digest message 375 directional window selection 161 directories in buffer names 154 directory header lines 325 directory listing 136 directory name abbreviation 136 directory tracking 390 directory where Emacs starts on MS-Windows 505 directory-local variables 427 Dired 315 Dired and version control 330 Dired sorting 327 Dired, and MS-Windows/MS-DOS 508 Dirtrack mode 390 disable window system 480 disabled command 437 578 disabling remote files 142 DISPLAY environment variable 487 display for Emacs frame 480 display name (X Window System) 487 display of buffer size 84 display of line number 84 display, incorrect 445 distributed version control 284 DNS mode 240 doc-view-minor-mode 381 DocTEX mode 224 document viewer (DocView) 381 documentation string 39 DocView mode 381 DOS applications, running from Emacs 510 DOS-style end-of-line display 186 DOS-to-Unix conversion of files 506 double clicks 435 double slash in file name 27 down events 435 downcase file names 324 drag and drop 173 drag and drop, Dired 330 drag events 435 drastic changes 132 dribble file 452 DSSSL mode 240 Dutch 179 DVI file 381 E Ebrowse 299 echo area echo area message echoing EDE (Emacs Development Environment) 307 Edebug 453 editable fields (customization buffer) 412 editing binary files 402 editing level, recursive 404 EDITOR environment variable 393 Eldoc mode 253 Electric Indent mode 207 Electric Pair mode 249 Eliza 407 Emacs as a server 393 Emacs Development Environment 307 EMACS environment variable 385 Emacs icon, a gnu 491 Emacs initialization file 437 Emacs Lisp mode 278 Emacs Lisp package 408 Emacs Lisp package archive 408 emacs-internal, coding system 185 emacs_backtrace.txt file, MS-Windows 446 EMACS_SERVER_FILE environment variable 396 emacsclient 393 Concept Index emacsclient invocation 394 emacsclient options 395 emacsclient, on MS-Windows 506 emacsclient.exe 505 emacsclientw.exe 505 email 350 emergency escape 448 encoding of characters 177 encrypted mails (reading in Rmail) 374 encrypting files (in Dired) 322 end-of-line convention, mode-line indication end-of-line conversion 184 end-of-line conversion on MS-DOS/MS-Windows 506 English 179 Enriched mode 230 enriched text 230 entering Emacs 14 environment variables 482 environment variables for subshells 385 environment variables in file names 122 erasing characters and lines 19 error log 261 error message errors in init file 482 ESC replacing META key 11 escape sequences in files 186 escape-glyph face 86 ESHELL environment variable 385 Esperanto 179 etags 299 etags program 301 Ethiopic 177, 179 Ethiopic calendar 339 European character sets 195 evaluate expression, command-line argument 479 evaluation, Emacs Lisp 278 exiting 15 exiting recursive edit 404 expanding subdirectories in Dired 325 expansion (of abbrevs) 309 expansion of C macros 259 expansion of environment variables 122 expression 246 expunging (Rmail) 361 F face at point 178 face colors, setting 75 faces 74 faces for highlighting query replace 105 faces for highlighting search matches 90 faces for mode lines 77 faces for text-mode menus 78 faces, customizing 416 failed merges 138 Feedmail 354 579 FFAP minor mode 405 file archives 141 file comparison (in Dired) 324 file database (locate) 327 file dates 130 file directory 136 file local variables 424 file management 315 file modes 141 file name caching 144 file names 122 file names on MS-Windows 507 file names with non-ASCII characters 190 file names, invalid characters on MS-Windows 507 file names, quote special characters 143 file ownership, and backup 129 file permissions 141 file selection dialog 125 file selection dialog, how to disable 174 file shadows 131 file truenames 136 file version in change log entries 298 file, warning when size is large 124 file-based version control 283 file-name completion, on MS-Windows 507 file-name encoding, MS-Windows 190 files 122 files, visiting and saving 123 filesets 145 filesets, VC 285 fill prefix 214 filling text 212 find 144 find and Dired 327 find Info manual by its file name 43 finder 42 finding file at point 405 finding files containing regexp matches (in Dired) 320 finding strings within text 90 firewall, and accessing remote files 143 fixing incorrectly decoded mail messages 374 flagging files (in Dired) 316 flagging many files for deletion (in Dired) 317 Flyspell mode 113 folding editing 221 Follow mode 74 font antialiasing (MS Windows) 514 font backend selection (MS-Windows) 512 Font Lock mode 78 font name (X Window System) 487 font of character at point 178 font properties (MS Windows gdi backend) 513 font properties (MS Windows) 513 font scripts (MS Windows) 513 font specification (MS Windows) 512 font Unicode subranges (MS Windows) 513 Concept Index fontconfig 168 fonts 168 fonts and faces 416 fonts for PostScript printing 400 fonts for various scripts 192 fontsets 192 fontsets, modifying 194 foreground color, command-line argument 488 formfeed character 211 fortune cookies 357 forwarding a message 368 frame frame size, specifying default 172 frame title, command-line argument 491 frames 162 French 179 French Revolutionary calendar 338 fringe face 77 fringes 81 fringes, and continuation lines 22 fringes, and unused line indication 83 fringes, for debugging 271 FTP 142 fullheight, command-line argument 489 fullscreen, command-line argument 489 fullwidth, command-line argument 489 function key 429 function, move to beginning or end 242 G garbled display 445 garbled text 446 gateway, and remote file access with ange-ftp 143 GDB 266 GDB User Interface layout 271 geometry of Emacs window 489 geometry, command-line argument 489 Georgian 177, 179 German 179 getting help with keys 21 Ghostscript, use for PostScript printing 512 git 282 Glasses mode 255 Global Auto-Revert mode 133 global keymap 429 global mark 63 global mark ring 49 global substitution 103 glossary 523 glyphless characters 86 GNU Arch 282 gnu.emacs.help newsgroup 457 Gnus 379 GNUstep 502 Go Moku 407 Goto Address mode 405 580 graphic characters 16 Greek 177, 179 Gregorian calendar 338 growing minibuffer 27 GTK font pattern 169 GTK styles 498 GTK widget classes 497 GTK widget names 496, 497 GTK+ resources 495 GUD interaction buffer 267 GUD library 266 GUD Tooltip mode 267 Gujarati 179 gzip 141 H Han 177 handwriting 399 Hangul 177 hard links (creation) 140 hard links (in Dired) 321 hard links (visiting) 135 hard newline 230 hardcopy 397 header (TEX mode) 227 header line (Dired) 325 header-line face 77 headers (of mail message) 351 heading lines (Outline mode) 218 Hebrew 177, 179 Hebrew calendar 338 height of minibuffer 27 help 37 help in using Emacs 457 help text, in GTK+ file chooser 174 help, viewing web pages 42 help-gnu-emacs mailing list 457 hex editing 402 Hexl mode 402 hg 282 Hi Lock mode 80 hidden files, in GTK+ file chooser 174 Hide-ifdef mode 259 Hideshow mode 253 hiding details in Dired 329 hiding subdirectories (Dired) 326 Highlight Changes mode 80 highlight current line 87 highlighting by matching 80 highlighting lines of text 81 highlighting matching parentheses 249 highlighting phrase 81 highlighting region 50 highlighting symbol at point 81 Hindi 177 history of commands 34 history of minibuffer input 32 Concept Index history reference 390 holidays 335 HOME directory on MS-Windows 508 home directory shorthand 27 hook 422 horizontal scrolling 72 hourglass pointer display 88 HTML mode 228 hungry deletion (C Mode) 258 hunk, diff 138 hyperlink 42 hyperlinks 164 I iCalendar support 347 Icomplete mode 154 Icon mode 240 iconifying 15 icons (X Window System) 491 icons, toolbar 173 IDL mode 256 ignored file names, in completion 32 image animation 145 image-dired 328 image-dired mode 328 ImageMagick support 145 images, viewing 144 IMAP mailboxes 377 in-situ subdirectory (Dired) 325 inbox file 362 incorrect fontification 79 increase buffer face height 78 incremental search 90 incremental search, input method interference 182 indentation 205 indentation for comments 249 indentation for programs 243 index of buffer definitions 242 indirect buffer 153 indirect buffers and outlines 221 inferior process 261 Info 43 init file 437 init file emacs on MS-Windows 508 init file, not loading 481 initial options (command line) 478 initial-frame-alist 172 input event 11 input methods 181 input methods, X 495 input with the keyboard 11 insert file contents, command-line argument 479 insert Unicode character 16 inserted subdirectory (Dired) 325 inserting blank lines 21 inserting matching parentheses 249 581 inserting rows and columns in text-based tables 236 insertion 16 INSIDE_EMACS environment variable 385 Integrated development environment 307 interactive highlighting 80 internal border width, command-line argument 491 international characters in emacs 442 international files from DOS/Windows systems 184 international scripts 177 Intlfonts for PostScript printing 400 Intlfonts package, installation 192 invisible lines 217 invisible text, and query-replace 106 invisible text, searching for 92 invocation (command line arguments) 478 invoking Emacs from Windows Explorer 505 IPA 177, 179 isearch 90 isearch face 90 Islamic calendar 338 ISO commercial calendar 338 ISO Latin character sets 195 iso-ascii library 195 iso-transl library 196 ispell program 113 Italian 179 J Japanese 177, 179 jar 142 Java class archives 142 Java mode 256 Javascript mode 240 JDB 266 Julian calendar 338 Julian day numbers 338 just-in-time (JIT) font-lock 79 justification 213 justification in text-based tables 236 justification style 233 K Kannada 179 Kerberos POP authentication 377 key 11 key bindings 428 key rebinding, permanent 437 key rebinding, this session 431 key sequence 11 keyboard input 11 keyboard macro 114 keyboard macros, in registers 67 keyboard shortcuts 534 Concept Index keyboard, MS-Windows 509 keymap 429 keypad 434 keys stolen by window manager 11 Khmer 179 kill DOS application 510 kill ring 55 killing buffers 150 killing characters and lines 19 killing Emacs 15 killing expressions 247 killing rectangular areas of text 60 killing text 52 Korean 177, 179 L label (Rmail) 365 landmark game 407 language environments 179 Lao 179 LATEX mode 224 Latin 177, 179 Latin-1 TEX encoding 228 Latvian 179 lax space matching 92 lazy search highlighting 91 lazy-highlight face 105 leaving Emacs 15 libraries 276 Life 407 line endings 184 line mode (terminal emulator) 391 line number commands 23 line number display 84 line spacing 494 line spacing, command-line argument 492 line truncation, and fringes 22, 87 line wrapping 22 lines, highlighting 81 links 164 links (customization buffer) 412 Linum mode 201 Lisp character syntax 439 Lisp editing 240 Lisp files byte-compiled by XEmacs 277 Lisp mode 279 Lisp object syntax 439 Lisp string syntax 438 Lisp symbol completion 254 lisp-indent-function property 245 list commands 248 listing current buffers 149 listing system fonts 170 Lithuanian 179 load init file of another user 482 load path for Emacs Lisp 276 loading Lisp code 276 582 loading Lisp libraries automatically 440 loading Lisp libraries, command-line argument 479 loading several files (in Dired) 322 local keymap 430 local variables 423 local variables in files 424 local variables, for all files in a directory 427 locale, date format 132 locales 180 location of point 23 locking files 130 locking-based version 283 locus 262 Log Edit mode 287 log File, types of 284 logging keystrokes 452 logical order 197 looking for a subject in documentation 37 lpr usage under MS-DOS 512 LRM 197 ls emulation 508 lzh 142 M M- 11 M4 mode 240 Mac OS X 502 Macintosh 502 Macintosh end-of-line conversion 184 macro expansion in C 259 mail 350 mail (on mode line) 85 mail aliases 352 MAIL environment variable 362 Mail mode 357 mail signature 356 mail-composition methods 357 Mailclient 354 MAILHOST environment variable 377 mailrc file 352 main border width, command-line argument 491 major modes 199 make 261 Makefile mode 240 Malayalam 179 man page 252 man pages, and local file variables 425 manipulating paragraphs 210 manipulating sentences 209 manipulating text 208 manual pages, on MS-DOS/MS-Windows 253 manuals, included 43 mark 45 mark rectangle 60 mark ring 48 marking executable files (in Dired) 319 Concept Index marking many files (in Dired) 318 marking sections of text 47 marking subdirectories (in Dired) 319 marking symbolic links (in Dired) 319 matching parentheses 248 matching parenthesis and braces, moving to 248 maximized, command-line argument 489 maximum buffer size exceeded, error message 124 Mayan calendar 338 mbox files 363 memory full 446 menu bar 9, 495 menu bar access using keyboard menu bar appearance 78 Menu Bar mode 173 menu face, no effect if customized 78 Mercurial 282 merges, failed 138 merging changes 296 merging-based version 283 message 350 Message mode 353 Message mode for sending mail 357 message number 359 messages saved from echo area META 11 Meta commands and words 208 Metafont mode 240 MH mail interface 357 Microsoft Office file 381 Microsoft Windows 505 Midnight mode 151 MIME 356 MIME messages (Rmail) 373 minibuffer 7, 26 minibuffer confirmation 30 Minibuffer Electric Default mode 26 minibuffer history 32 minibuffer history, searching 94 minibuffer keymaps 430 minibuffer-prompt face 77 minimizing 15 minimizing a frame at startup 491 minor mode keymap 430 minor modes 200 mistakes, correcting 109 mode commands for minor modes 200 mode hook 200, 240 mode line mode line, 3D appearance 85 mode line, mouse 165 mode, Abbrev 309 mode, archive 142 mode, Auto Compression 141 mode, Auto Fill 212 mode, Auto Save 133 mode, Auto-Revert 133 mode, AWK 256 583 mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, mode, C 256 C++ 256 Column Number 84 Comint 387 Compilation 262 CORBA IDL 256 Delete Selection 48 Diff Auto-Refine 138 Dirtrack 390 DocTEX 224 DocView 381 Electric Indent 207 Emacs Lisp 278 Enriched 230 Flyspell 113 Follow 74 Font Lock 78 Global Auto-Revert 133 Goto Address 405 GUD Tooltip 267 Hexl 402 Hideshow 253 HTML 228 Java 256 LATEX 224 Lisp 279 Log Edit 287 Mail 357 major 199 Menu Bar 173 Message 353 Minibuffer Electric Default 26 minor 200 Mouse Wheel 164 MSB 155 nXML 208, 229 Objective C 256 Occur 107 Occur Edit 107 Outline 217 Overwrite 201 Paragraph-Indent Text 217 Pike 256 Scheme 280 Scroll Bar 172 Scroll-all 161 Semantic 255 SGML 228 Shell 385 SliTEX 224 tar 141 Term 392 TEX 224 Text 217 Tool Bar 173 Transient Mark 50 View 73 Visual Line 87 Concept Index mode, Whitespace 83 mode, Winner 161 mode, XML 208 mode-line face 77 mode-line-buffer-id face 77 mode-line-highlight face 77 mode-line-inactive face 77 modes for programming languages 240 modification dates 132 modified (buffer) 123 modifier keys 11, 433 Modula2 mode 240 moon, phases of 337 Morse code 407 mouse avoidance 175 mouse button events 435 mouse buttons (what they do) 162 mouse on mode line 165 mouse pointer 88 mouse pointer color, command-line argument 488 mouse support 176 mouse wheel 164 Mouse Wheel minor mode 164 mouse, and MS-Windows 509 mouse, dragging 162 mouse, selecting text using 162 move to beginning or end of function 242 movemail 377 movemail program 375 movement 17 moving files (in Dired) 321 moving inside the calendar 331 moving point 17 moving text 55 moving the cursor 17 MS-DOS end-of-line conversion 184 MS-Windows keyboard shortcuts 509 MS-Windows, and primary selection 58 MS-Windows, Emacs peculiarities 505 MSB mode 155 MULE 538 multibyte characters 177 multiple displays 171 multiple views of outline 221 multiple windows in Emacs 156 multiple-file search and replace 306 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions 356 Multithreaded debugging in GDB 275 N narrowing 73 narrowing, and line number display 84 ‘net use’, and printing on MS-Windows 511 networked printers (MS-Windows) 511 newline 16 newlines, hard and soft 230 newsreader 379 584 Next Error Follow mode 264 NFS and quitting 443 nil 538 no-conversion, coding system 185 nobreak-space face 86 non-ASCII characters in emacs 442 non-ASCII keys, binding 442 non-breaking hyphen 86 non-breaking space 86 non-greedy regexp matching 98 non-integral number of lines in a window 85 non-selected windows, mode line appearance 85 Non-stop debugging in GDB 275 nonincremental search 95 normal hook 422 nroff 229 NSA 357 numeric arguments 23 nXML mode 208, 229 O Objective C mode 256 Occur Edit mode 107 Occur mode 107 octal escapes 86 Octave mode 240 OPascal mode 240 open file 123 open-parenthesis in leftmost column 241 OpenDocument file 381 operating on files in Dired 320 operations on a marked region 47 options (command line) 478 Org agenda 223 Org exporting 223 organizer 222 Oriya 179 out of memory 446 Outline mode 217 outline with multiple views 221 overlays at character position 231 override character terminal color support 488 overscrolling 173 Overwrite mode 201 P Package Package archive package directory package file package menu package requirements package security package signing pages paging in Term mode 408 408 411 411 408 409 409 409 211 392 Concept Index paragraph, base direction 197 Paragraph-Indent Text mode 217 paragraphs 210 parentheses, displaying matches 248 parentheses, moving across 248 parenthesis in column zero and fontification 79 parenthetical groupings 248 paste 57 pasting 55 patches, applying 139 patches, editing 138 patches, sending 456 PDB 266 PDF file 381 per-buffer variables 423 per-directory local variables 427 Perl mode 240 Perldb 266 Persian 179 Persian calendar 339 phases of the moon 337 phrase, highlighting 81 Pike mode 256 planner 222 point point location 23 point location, on MS-DOS 506 Polish 179 Pong game 407 POP mailboxes 377 position and size of Emacs frame 489 PostScript file 381 PostScript mode 240 prefix arguments 23 prefix key 11 preprocessor highlighting 259 pretty-printer 243 preview of registers 64 primary Rmail file 359 primary selection 46, 58 printing 397 printing character 85 printing files (in Dired) 322 Printing package 400 Prog mode 423 program building 261 program editing 240, 423 Prolog mode 240 prompt 26 prompt, shell 387 PS file 381 Punjabi 179 puzzles 406 Python mode 240 Q query replace 105 585 query-replace face 105 quitting 443 quitting (in search) 92 quitting Emacs 15 quoting 16 quoting file names 143 R rar 142 raw-text, coding system 185 RCS 282 read-only buffer 149 read-only text, killing 54 reading mail 359 rebinding keys, permanently 437 rebinding major mode keys 432 rebinding mouse buttons 435 rebinding non-ASCII keys 442 recovering crashed session 447 rectangle 60 rectangle highlighting 62 recursive copying 321 recursive deletion 317 recursive editing level 404 recursive editing, cannot exit 445 recycle bin 140 redefining keys, this session 431 redo 109 refreshing displayed files 326 regexp 97 regexp search 96 region 45 region highlighting 50 registered file 282 registers 64 registry, setting environment variables (MS-Windows) 486 registry, setting resources (MS-Windows) 493 regular expression 97 related files 260 reload files 403 remember editing session 403 remote file access 142 remote host 393 remote host, debugging on 267 remove indentation 206 renaming files 140 renaming files (in Dired) 321 repeating a command 25 replacement 103 reply to a message 367 report an Emacs bug, how to 450 repository 282 reread a file 132 resizing minibuffer 27 resolving conflicts 296 resource files for GTK 495 Concept Index resources 493 restore session 403 restriction 73 retrying a failed message 368 reverse order in POP inboxes 377 reverse video, command-line argument 488 revision 282 revision ID 282 revision ID in version control 287 RGB triplet 75 right-to-left text 197 risky variable 427 RLM 197 Rlogin 393 Rmail 359 Rmail file sorting 372 Romanian 179 rot13 code 375 Ruby mode 240 runemacs.exe 505 running a hook 422 running Lisp functions 261 Russian 180 S saved echo area messages saving a setting 415 saving file name in a register 66 saving files 123 saving keyboard macro in a register 67 saving keyboard macros 119 saving number in a register 66 saving position in a register 64 saving rectangle in a register 65 saving sessions 403 saving text in a register 64 saving window configuration in a register 66 SCCS 282 Scheme mode 280 screen screen display, wrong 445 screen reader software, MS-Windows 514 script mode 481 Scroll Bar mode 172 Scroll-all mode 161 scroll-bar face 173 scroll-command property 69 scrolling 69 scrolling in the calendar 333 scrolling windows together 161 SDB 266 search and replace in multiple files 306 search and replace in multiple files (in Dired) 322 search for a regular expression 96 search multiple files (in Dired) 322 search ring 91 search-and-replace commands 103 586 searching 90 searching Dired buffers 316 searching documentation efficiently 37 searching in Rmail 361 searching multiple files via Dired 329 secondary selection 58 secondary-selection face 58 sections of manual pages 252 select all 47 selected buffer 147 selected window 156 selecting buffers in other windows 158 selection, primary 58 selective display 83 selective undo 109 self-documentation 37 Semantic mode 255 Semantic package 255 sending mail 350 sending patches for GNU Emacs 456 Sendmail 354 sentences 209 server file 396 server, using Emacs as 393 server-side fonts 170 set buffer face height 78 sets of files 145 setting a mark 45 setting variables 421 settings 412 settings, how to save 415 sexp 246 SGML mode 228 shadow face 76 shadow files 131 shell commands 383 shell commands, Dired 322 shell completion 385 SHELL environment variable 385 Shell mode 385 shell scripts, and local file variables 425 Shell-script mode 240 shelves in version control 295 shift-selection 46, 49 Show Paren mode 249 showing hidden subdirectories (Dired) 326 shy group, in regexp 101 signing files (in Dired) 322 Simula mode 240 simulation of middle mouse button 509 simultaneous editing 130 Sinhala 180 site init file 437 site-lisp directories 438 site-start.el file, not loading 481 site-start.el, the site startup file 437 size of file, warning when visiting 124 size of minibuffer 27 Concept Index slashes repeated in file name 27 SliTEX mode 224 Slovak 180 Slovenian 180 slow display during scrolling 79 Smerge mode 138 SMTP 354 Snake 407 soft hyphen 86 soft newline 230 solitaire 407 sorting 400 sorting Dired buffer 327 sorting Rmail file 372 Spanish 180 specific version control system 287 specify default font from the command line 487 specify end-of-line conversion 188 specifying fullscreen for Emacs frame 489 speedbar 171 spell-checking the active region 112 spelling, checking and correcting 111 splash screen 481 splitting columns 238 splitting table cells 235 standard colors on a character terminal 488 standard faces 75 standard fontset 192 start directory, MS-Windows 505 start iconified, command-line argument 491 starting Emacs 14 starting Emacs on MS-Windows 505 startup (command line arguments) 478 startup (init file) 437 startup fontset 193 startup message 481 startup screen 14 stashes in version control 295 string substitution 103 string syntax 438 stuck in recursive editing 445 style (for indentation) 245 subdirectories in Dired 325 subprocesses on MS-Windows 510 subscribe groups 380 subshell 383 subtree (Outline mode) 220 Subversion 282 Subword mode 255 summary (Rmail) 369 summing time intervals 348 sunrise and sunset 336 suspending 15 suspicious constructions in C, C++ 259 SVN 282 Swedish 180 switch buffers 147 switches (command line) 478 587 symbol search 96 symbol, highlighting 81 symbolic links (creation in Dired) 321 symbolic links (creation) 140 symbolic links (visiting) 135 synchronizing windows 74 syntax highlighting and coloring 78 syntax of regexps 97 system-wide packages 411 T t 538 tab stops 206 table creation 234 table dimensions 237 table for HTML and LaTeX 238 table mode 233 table recognition 234 table to text 236 tabs 205 tags and tag tables 299 tags, C++ 299 tags-based completion 254 TaiViet 180 Tajik 180 Tamil 180 Tar mode 141 Tcl mode 240 Telnet 393 Telugu 180 TERM environment variable 452 Term mode 392 terminal emulators, mouse support 176 terminal, serial 393 termscript file 452 Tetris 407 TEX encoding 228 TEX mode 224 TEXEDIT environment variable 394 TEXINPUTS environment variable 226 text 208 text and binary files on MS-DOS/MS-Windows 506 text buttons 164 text colors, from command line 488 text cursor 86 Text mode 217 text properties at point 178 text properties of characters 231 text terminal 175 text to table 236 text-based tables 233 text-based tables, splitting cells 235 text/enriched MIME format 230 Thai 177, 180 Tibetan 180 time (on mode line) 84 Concept Index 588 time intervals, summing 348 time stamps 132 timeclock 348 timelog file 348 TLS encryption (Rmail) 377 TODO item 223 toggling marks (in Dired) 319 tool bar 495 Tool Bar mode 173 Tool Bar position 174 Tool Bar style 174 tooltips 44, 174 top level tower of Hanoi 407 trailing whitespace 82 trailing whitespace, in patches 139 trailing-whitespace face 82 Tramp 142 Transient Mark mode 50 transposition of expressions 247 trash 140 triple clicks 435 troubleshooting Emacs 444 truenames of files 136 truncation 22, 87 TTY menu faces 78 Turkish 180 two directories (in Dired) 321 two-column editing 238 types of log file 284 typos, fixing 109 use-hard-newlines Usenet news user name for remote file access user option user options, changing UTF-8 230 379 143 412 414 180 U W Ukrainian 180 unbalanced parentheses and quotes 246 uncompression 141 undecided, coding system 185 undeletion (Rmail) 362 undigestify 375 undisplayable characters 178 undo 109 undo limit 110 undoing window configuration changes 161 Unibyte operation 195 Unicode 177 Unicode characters, inserting 16 unique buffer names 154 unmarking files (in Dired) 319 unsubscribe groups 380 untranslated file system 506 unused lines 83 unzip archives 142 upcase file names 324 updating Dired buffer 326 URL, viewing in help 42 URLs 405 URLs, activating 405 Watching expressions in GDB 274 wdired mode 328 Web 405 web pages, viewing in help 42 weeks, which day they start on 332 Welsh 180 what constitutes an Emacs bug 449 whitespace character 205 Whitespace mode 83 whitespace, trailing 82 wide block cursor 87 widening 73 widgets at buffer position 231 width and height of Emacs frame 489 width of the scroll bar 173 wildcard characters in file names 124 Windmove package 161 window configuration changes, undoing 161 window manager, keys stolen by 11 windows in Emacs 156 Windows system menu 509 windows, synchronizing 74 Windows-1255 180 Winner mode 161 V variable 420 variable-pitch face 76 variables, changing 414 VC Directory buffer 292 VC filesets 285 VC mode line indicator 284 verifying digital signatures on files (in Dired) 322 version control 281 version control log 284 version control status 284 VERSION_CONTROL environment variable 128 vertical scroll bars, command-line argument 492 vertical-border face 77 VHDL mode 240 Vietnamese 177, 180 View mode 73 viewing web pages in help 42 views of an outline 221 visiting files 123 visiting files, command-line argument 478 Visual Line mode 87 visual order 197 Concept Index word processing 230 word search 95 word wrap 22, 87 words 208 words, case conversion 216 work file 282 working tree 282 World Wide Web 405 wrapping 22 WYSIWYG 230 X X X X X X X X cutting and pasting 58 defaults file 168 input methods 495 Logical Font Description 169 resources 493 resources file 168 selection 58 589 XDB XIM XLFD XML schema xterm 266 495 169 229 176 Y y or n prompt 35 yahrzeits 340 yanking 55 yanking previous kills 55 yes or no prompt 35 Z zip 142 Zmacs mode 50 zoo 142