25/2/2016 Viv Quarry's preintermediate grammar practice Viv Quarry's preintermediate grammar practice (www.vivquarry.com) Gerunds and infinitives Student's name _ Date _ The gerund (verb in the present form + 'ing') is used: 1. After prepositions and adverbs 2. After certain verbs 3. As subject or object of a sentence The infinitive ('to' + the present form of the verb) is used: 1. After certain verbs 2. After some verbs followed by an object (sb/sth) 3. After some certain adjectives 4. To express purpose (Why did you buy that cloth? To clean the windows) 5. After questions words (how, where etc.) and compounds of 'some' and 'any' (somebody, nothing etc.) Infinitive without 'to' (present form of the verb) is used: 1. After modal and auxiliary verbs 2. After 'make' and 'let' GERUND INFINITIVE INFINITIVE WITHOUT 'TO' Prepositions and Verbs Adjectives Modal and auxiliary adverbs verbs after agree be easy sth./sb. doesn't before decide be hard Does sth./sb? for hope be important Doesn't sth./sb.? in manage be impossible sth./sb. didn't on refuse be lovely Did sth./sb.? be pleased Didn't sth./sb.? Verbs Verb (+ object)*5 be surprised enjoy need (sb) be unusual can / can't finish want (sb) could / couldn't hate would like (sb.) Question words will /won't like how would / wouldn't prefer Verb + object what should / shouldn't ask sb where must / mustn't expected sb when may / may not Special cases invite sb who might / might not begin* tell sb continue* Compounds Verbs start* be starting* anybody let sb stop** stop** everywhere make sb try*** try*** nothing help sb.**** something help sb.**** Special Cases * Begin, continue and start These verbs can be followed by both gerund and infinitive except in the present continuous form where the infinitive must be used It started raining. or It started to rain Look! It's starting to rain! ** Stop Stop + Gerund = Finish one action She's angry with me and has stopped talking to me Stop + Infinitive = Stop one action and start another I saw Jane and she stopped to talk to me. (she stopped walking and we started chatting) *** Try Try + Gerund = What you do to get what you want I wanted to improve my English so I tried having private classes Try + Infinitive = Your objective, what you want to do I tried to learn English but I didn't have enough time to study properly **** Help http://www.vivquarry.com/wkshts/gerinfpre.html 1/2 25/2/2016 Viv Quarry's preintermediate grammar practice Help + sb. can be followed by infinitive or infinitive without 'to' He helped me tidy up the room. or He helped me to tidy up the room If there is no direct object (sb) then infinitive without 'to' is more natural He helped tidy up the room *5 Need, Want & Would like These verbs can either be followed by an object pronoun (you, her, him etc.) or directly by the infinitive I'd like you to help me I'd like to help you Back to grammar worksheets Home http://www.vivquarry.com/wkshts/gerinfpre.html 2/2