2 - GERUND 1st option OR - INFINITIVE RULE OF THUMB Gerunds are often used when actions are real, concrete or completed: I stopped smoking (The smoking was real and happened until I stopped.) Infinitives are often used when actions are unreal, abstract, or future: I stopped to smoke (I was doing something else, and I stopped; the smoking had not happened yet.) FILL THE GAPS WITH EITHER AN INFINITIVE OR A GERUND ACCORDING TO THE RULE ABOVE: 10 11 12 13 14 15 Why don’t you stop (work) and take a rest? The annoyed man threatened (call) the police When we told him the plan, he agreed (join) our team We can’t afford (buy) _ a new car Do you enjoy (make) _ other people angry? This kind of sport involves (train) daily If you have finished (have) your lunch, clear the table, please I had never anticipated (pay) so much for the redecoration Everybody dislikes (do) _ exams I was a bit lazy this time, but I promise (study) harder next time He managed (fix) _ the TV set himself If you want a quiet holiday, you should avoid (go) the coast in summer Do you intend (get) _ fit? I admit (cheat) in the exam I missed (have) _ dinner with my old school mates 2nd option VERBS FOLLOWED BY -ING admit anticipate avoid consider delay deny detest dislike enjoy - escape excuse finish forgive involve keep mention mind miss STUDY LISTS OF VERBS pardon postpone practise risk stop suggest understand It’s no use It isn’t worth can’t stand / resist can’t help It’s no good VERBS FOLLOWED BY TO- INFINITIVE agree appear arrange care decide fail hesitate hope intend learn manage prepare promise refuse seem swear tend threaten afford FINISH THE SENTENCES USING GERUND OR INFINITIVE AS NECESSARY: In this place there are rules to follow If you want to be a member, you must swear … This is a very badly organized project, I will never consider … He never listens to other people’s advice It’s no good … Some people are fashion victims They tend … You know you must help at home You won’t escape … He is an expert driver He learned … Reliable friends are always there for you They never fail … I can’t stand my boss I have decided … I’m not sure why she left, but she mentioned … 10 If I don’t have anything interesting to I don’t mind … 11 He only wants privacy He can’t understand people … 12 Peter started going out with another girl I will never forgive Peter … 13 I will have a very busy day tomorrow, however, I have arranged … 14 Although she isn’t a professional dancer, she practises … 15 I love Scotland I hope … 16 My box of chocolates disappeared My little brother admitted … 17 That part of the town is very dangerous I never risk … 18 We like Italy so much that we keep … 19 He looks worried He seems … 20 I hate crowded roads I can’t stand … PAGE 1 WORKING TO CALL TO JOIN TO BUY MAKING TRAINING HAVING PAYING DOING 10 TO STUDY 11 TO FIX 12 GOING 13 TO GET 14 CHEATING 15 HAVING PAGE SUGGESTIONS to follow our rules taking part in it advising him to follow fashion all the time helping me with the housework to drive many years ago to help you to look for another job having an appointment or something 10 staying at home 11 asking him personal questions 12 leaving me in such a way 13 to meet you at 6.30 14 dancing every day 15 to go there again soon 16 eating all of them 17 going there alone 18 going there every summer 19 to have some problem 20 driving in the rush hour