What is the most abundant type of tissue in the body

What is the most abundant type of tissue in the body? ? Connective tissue is found in all parts of the body as discrete structures or as part of various body organs It is the most abundant and widely distributed of the tissue types 1/45 Study: Speller Learn Test Play Games: Scatter Space Race All 45 terms Print Export Copy Combine Order by Terms Definitions What is the most abundant type of tissue in the body? Connective tissue is found in all parts of the body as discrete structures or as part of various body organs It is the most abundant and widely distributed of the tissue types What are ligaments and tendons? What type of tissue are they? The ligaments and tendons (dense connective tissue) bind the bones together or bind skeletal muscles to bones What binds bone to bone? What binds bone to muscle? Bone to Bone = Ligament Bone to Muscle = Tendon What is the function of areolar connective tissue? Areolar connective tissue is a soft packaging material that cushions and protects body organs What is adipose consistent of? What is bone consistent of? Reference matrix and cells At one extreme, adipose tissue is composed mostly of cells At the opposite extreme, bone and cartilage have few cells and large amounts of matrix What are the two components of the matrix? The matrix has two components—ground substance and fibers Conceptually understand what the ground substance is The ground substance is composed chiefly of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans Depending on its specific composition, the ground substance may be liquid, semisolid, gellike, or very hard Generally speaking, the ground substance functions as a molecular sieve, or medium, through which nutrients and other dissolved substances can diffuse between the blood capillaries and the cells The fibers in the matrix hinder diffusion somewhat and make the ground substance less pliable Conceptualize what lacunae are When the matrix is firm, as in cartilage and bone, the connective tissue cells reside in cavities in the matrix called lacunae What are the types of fibers that provide support to the matrix? collagen (white) fibers elastic (yellow) fibers reticular (fine collagen) fibers Mesenchyme Description Function Location Description: Embryonic connective tissue; gellike ground substance containing fibers; starshaped mesenchymal cells Function: Gives rise to all other connective tissue types Location: Primarily in embryo Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, areolar Description Function Location Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, areolar Description: Gel-like matrix with all three fiber types; cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and some white blood cells Function: Wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid Location: Widely distributed under epithelia of body, e.g., forms lamina propria of mucous membranes; packages organs; surrounds capillaries Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, adipose Description Function Location Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, adipose Description: Matrix as in areolar, but very sparse; closely packed adipocytes, or fat cells, have nucleus pushed to the side by large fat droplet Function: Provides reserve fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs Location: Under skin; around kidneys and eyeballs; within abdomen; in breasts Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, reticular Description Function Location Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, reticular Description: Network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground substance; reticular cells lie on the network Function: Fibers form a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages Location: Lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen) Connective tissue proper: dense connective tissue, dense regular Description Function Location Connective tissue proper: dense connective tissue, dense regular Description: Primarily parallel collagen fibers; a few elastin fibers; major cell type is the fibroblast Function: Attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction Location: Tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses Connective tissue proper: dense connective tissue, dense irregular Description Function Location Connective tissue proper: dense connective tissue, dense irregular Description: Primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers; some elastic fibers; major cell type is the fibroblast Function: Able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides structural strength Location: Dermis of the skin; submucosa of digestive tract; fibrous capsules of organs and of joints Cartilage: hyaline Description Function Location Cartilage: hyaline Description: Amorphous but firm matrix; collagen fibers form an imperceptible network; chondroblasts produce the matrix and when mature (chondrocytes) lie in lacunae Function: Supports and reinforces; has resilient cushioning properties; resists compressive stress Location: Forms most of the embryonic skeleton; covers the ends of long bones in joint cavities; forms costal cartilages of the ribs; cartilages of the nose, trachea, and larynx Cartilage: elastic Description Function Location Cartilage: elastic Description: Similar to hyaline cartilage, but more elastic fibers in matrix Function: Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility Location: Supports the external ear (pinna); epiglottis Cartilage: fibrocartilage Description Function Location Cartilage: fibrocartilage Description: Matrix similar to but less firm than that in hyaline cartilage; thick collagen fibers predominate Function: Tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock Location: Intervertebral discs; pubic symphysis; discs of knee joint Bone (osseous tissue) Description Function Location Bone (osseous tissue) Description: Hard, calcified matrix containing many collagen fibers; osteocytes lie in lacunae Very well vascularized Function: Bone supports and protects (by enclosing); provides levers for the muscles to act on; stores calcium and other minerals and fat; marrow inside bones is the site for blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) Location: Bones Blood Description Function Location Blood Description: Red and white blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma) Function: Transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances Location: Contained within blood vessels Nervous Tissue Description Function Location Nervous Tissue Function: Transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors (muscles and glands) which control their activity Location: Brain, spinal cord, and nerves Description: Neurons are branching cells; cell processes that may be quite long extend from the nucleus-containing cell body; also contributing to nervous tissue are nonirritable supporting cells What are the characteristics of CT? Highly vascularized (With exceptions) Multicellular (many types of cells) Non-cellular, non-living material (matrix) between cells What is the extracellular matrix? What is the extracellular matrix? The nonliving material between the cells—the extracellular matrix—deserves a bit more explanation because it distinguishes connective tissue from all other tissues It is produced by the cells and then extruded The matrix is primarily responsible for the strength associated with connective tissue, but there is variation At one extreme, adipose tissue is composed mostly of cells At the opposite extreme, bone and cartilage have few cells and large amounts of matrix The matrix has two components—ground substance and fibers The ground substance is composed chiefly of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans Depending on its specific composition, the ground substance may be liquid, semisolid, gellike, or very hard Show what a fibroblast looks like in CT What is role? Show what a mast cell looks like in CT What is role? Show what a adipocyte (fat cell) looks like in CT What is role? Adipocytes, also known as lipocytes and fat cells, are the cells that primarily compose adipose tissue, specialized in storing energy as fat Show what a chondrocyte & lacunae looks like in CT What is role? Chondrocytes (from Greek chondros cartilage +kytos cell) are the only cells found in healthy cartilage They produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of collagen and proteoglycans Show what a osteocyte in lacunae looks like in CT What is role? An osteocyte, a star-shaped cell, is the most numerous cell found in mature bone, and can live as long as the organism itself Osteocytes have an average half life of 25 years, they not divide, and they are derived from osteoprogenitors, some of which differentiate into active osteoblasts What are all the types of loose connective tissue? Areolar CT Adipose CT Reticular CT What are the three types of cartilage? Hyaline Elastic Fibrocartilage (Fibrous Cartilage) What is the core feature of bone? (Per 223 lab only) Central canal AKA Haversian Canal What are the two types of nervous system cells and what are there roles? Neuroglia - The neuroglia are special supporting cells that protect, support, and insulate the more delicate neurons Neurons - highly specialized to receive stimuli (irritability) and to conduct waves of excitation, or impulses, to all parts of the body (conductivity) They are the cells that are most often associated with nervous system functioning What are the two components of extracellular matrix? The matrix has two components—ground substance and fibers The ground substance is composed chiefly of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans Depending on its specific composition, the ground substance may be liquid, semisolid, gellike, or very hard Blood Description: Red and white blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma) Function: Transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances Location: Contained within blood vessels Nervous Tissue Function: Transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors (muscles and glands) which control their activity Location: Brain, spinal cord, and nerves Description: Neurons are branching cells; cell processes that may be quite long extend from the nucleuscontaining cell body; also contributing to nervous tissue are nonirritable supporting cells Ground Bone (Human) Bone (osseous tissue) Description: Hard, calcified matrix containing many collagen fibers; osteocytes lie in lacunae Very well vascularized Function: Bone supports and protects (by enclosing); provides levers for the muscles to act on; stores calcium and other minerals and fat; marrow inside bones is the site for blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) Location: Bones Cartilage: fibrocartilage Description: Matrix similar to but less firm than that in hyaline cartilage; thick collagen fibers predominate Function: Tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock Location: Intervertebral discs; pubic symphysis; discs of knee joint Cartilage: elastic Description: Similar to hyaline cartilage, but more elastic fibers in matrix Function: Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility Location: Supports the external ear (pinna); epiglottis Trachea = Location Cartilage: hyaline Description: Amorphous but firm matrix; collagen fibers form an imperceptible network; chondroblasts produce the matrix and when mature (chondrocytes) lie in lacunae Function: Supports and reinforces; has resilient cushioning properties; resists compressive stress Location: Forms most of the embryonic skeleton; covers the ends of long bones in joint cavities; forms costal cartilages of the ribs; cartilages of the nose, trachea, and larynx Loose CT Tendon Connective tissue proper: dense connective tissue, dense regular Description: Primarily parallel collagen fibers; a few elastin fibers; major cell type is the fibroblast Function: Attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction Location: Tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, reticular Description: Network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground substance; reticular cells lie on the network Function: Fibers form a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages Location: Lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen) Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, adipose Description: Matrix as in areolar, but very sparse; closely packed adipocytes, or fat cells, have nucleus pushed to the side by large fat droplet Function: Provides reserve fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs Location: Under skin; around kidneys and eyeballs; within abdomen; in breasts Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, areolar Description: Gel-like matrix with all three fiber types; cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and some white blood cells Function: Wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid Location: Widely distributed under epithelia of body, e.g., forms lamina propria of mucous membranes; packages organs; surrounds capillaries Description: Embryonic connective tissue; gel-like ground substance containing fibers; star-shaped mesenchymal cells Function: Gives rise to all other connective tissue types Location: Primarily in embryo .. .What is the most abundant type of tissue in the body? Connective tissue is found in all parts of the body as discrete structures or as part of various body organs It is the most abundant. .. and widely distributed of the tissue types What are ligaments and tendons? What type of tissue are they? The ligaments and tendons (dense connective tissue) bind the bones together or bind skeletal... packaging material that cushions and protects body organs What is adipose consistent of? What is bone consistent of? Reference matrix and cells At one extreme, adipose tissue is composed mostly of