PHONETICS (NGỮ ÂM) I CÁCH PHÁT ÂM "S" CUỐI : trường hợp danh từ số nhiều động từ số Đi ‘s’, 'es; có cách phát âm /s/, /z/, /iz/ /s/ Khi sau phụ âm vô (voiceless consonants): /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/ ,/θ/,/h/ chữ cái: f, p, k, th, gh, h, t, pe, te, ke, ph Ex: laughs, walks, cups, cats, tenths; books / iz / Khi sau phụ âm rít : /z/, /s/, / t∫/, / ∫ /, /z/, /ʒ/,/ ʤ/ Hoặc chữ cái: s, x, z, ch, sh, ce, ge, se Ex: washes , kisses , oranges… //// z / Khi sau phụ âm hữu /b, d, g, v, ð, m, n, η , l, r, j, w/ chữ cái: b, d, de, v, ve, th, -the, g, m,me, ne, n, l, r, w, y nguyên âm: o, u, e, i, a Ex: bags , kids , days … Ex: My friend’s house is far away She plays football He washes his hair Ngọai lệ: bình thường chữ s phát âm /s/, có ngoại lệ cần nhớ: - Chữ s đọc /z /sau từ :busy, please, easy, present, desire, music, pleasant, desert, choose, reason, preserve, poison -Chữ s đọc /'∫/ sau từ sugar,sure Exercise 1: Choose the option A, B, C or D whose ending sounds are pronounced different from the rest A proofs B books C points D days A asks B breathes C breaths D hopes A sees B sports C pools D trains A tombs B lamps C brakes D invites A books B floors C combs D drums A cats B tapes C rides D cooks A walks B begins C helps D cuts A shoots B grounds C concentrates D forests A helps B laughs C cooks D finds 10 A hours B fathers C dreams D thinks 11 A beds B doors C plays D students 12 A arms B suits C chairs D boards 13 A boxes B classes C potatoes D finishes 14 A relieves B invents C buys D deals 15 A dreams B heals C kills D tasks 16 A resources B stages C preserves D focuses 17 A carriages B whistles C assures D costumes 18 A offers B mounts C pollens D swords 19 A miles B words C accidents D names 20 A sports B households C minds D Plays II CÁCH PHÁT ÂM “ –ED” CUỐI : Đây hình thức Past tenses Past participle: “-ed ” phát âm / id /: sau / t, d / : Thường sau chữ t, d : Ex: wanted; “-ed ” phát âm / t /: sau / k, f, p, s, ∫, t∫, h ,θ/ chữ p, k, f, th, s, sh, ch Ex: asked; stopped; laughed “-ed ” phát âm / d / : sau chữ cái: b, d, v, th, g, m, ne, n, l, r, w, y Ex: moved; played; raised Ngọai lệ: Đi -ed tính từ sau phát âm /id/: aged, learned, naked,, Ex: We waited for him all night She pushed him out of the way He hoped to get her phone munber He kissed on her cheek Exercise 2: Choose the option A, B, C or D whose ending sounds are pronounced different from the rest A worked B stopped C forced D wanted A kissed B helped C forced D raised A confused B faced C cried D defined A devoted B suggested C provided D wished A catched B crashed C occupied D coughed A agreed B missed C liked D watched A measured B pleased C distinguished D managed A wounded B routed C wasted D risked A imprisoned B pointed C shouted D surrounded 10 A a.failed B reached C absored D solved 11 A invited B attended C celebrated D displayed 12 A removed B washed C hoped D missed 13 A looked B laughed C moved D.stepped 14 A wanted B.parked C stopped D.watched 15 A laughed B passed C suggested D placed 16 A.believed B prepared C involved D liked 17 A.lifted B lasted C happened D decided 18 A collected B changed C formed D viewed 19 A walked B entertained C reached D looked 20 A.admired B looked C missed D hoped Exercise 3: Practise reading the dialogue Dialogue 1: A Do you have a hobby? B Sure, I read books A Oh, I like books as well Do you watch TV? B Yes, I watch TV every day I like movies stars and comedy programs A I like the news And I go to the gym as well B Me too! Let's go together A That sounds great! Dialogue 2: A What did you last night? B I watched T.V How about you? A I played games with my younger brother B Did you win the games? A No, I lost ...II CÁCH PHÁT ÂM “ –ED” CUỐI : Đây hình thức Past tenses Past participle: “-ed ” phát âm / id /: sau / t, d / : Thường sau chữ t, d : Ex: wanted; “-ed ” phát âm / t /: sau / k, f, p,... asked; stopped; laughed “-ed ” phát âm / d / : sau chữ cái: b, d, v, th, g, m, ne, n, l, r, w, y Ex: moved; played; raised Ngọai lệ: Đuôi -ed tính từ sau phát âm /id/: aged, learned, naked,, Ex: