KHÓA HỌC LUYỆN THI THPTQG CÙNG CÔ MAI PHƯƠNG & NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN TIẾT 1: CẤU TẠO TỪ - TỪ LOẠI (Word formation – Parts of speech) – CÁCH NHẬN BIẾT CÁC LOẠI TỪ TRONG TIẾNG ANH A COMMON NOUN (THING) ENDINGS –ism : criticism, heroism, patriotism –nce : importance, significance, dependence, resistance, –ness : bitterness, darkness, hardness –ion –ment –(i)ty –age : pollution, suggestion, action, : accomplishment, commencement, enhancement, excitement, : purity, authority, majority, superiority, humidity, cruelty, faculty, honesty, plenty, safety : baggage, carriage, damage, language, luggage, marriage, passage –ship –th : citizenship, fellowship, scholarship, friendship, hardship, : bath, birth, death, growth, health, length, strength, truth, depth, breadth, wealth 10 –dom : freedom, kingdom, wisdom 11 –hood : childhood, brotherhood, neighborhood, likelihood, 12 –ure : closure, legislature, nature, failure, pleasure, 13 –cy : bankruptcy, democracy, accuracy, expectancy, efficiency, 14 –(t)ry : rivalry, ancestry, carpentry, machinery, scenery, bravery 15 –logy : archaeology, geology, sociology, zoology 16 –graphy : bibliography, biography Đăng ký học: 0962 60 8801 – 04 6260 3948 Địa chỉ: Số 18 Trần Đại Nghĩa – Q Hai Bà Trưng – Hà nội KHÓA HỌC LUYỆN THI THPTQG CÙNG CÔ MAI PHƯƠNG & NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN TIẾT 1: CẤU TẠO TỪ - TỪ LOẠI (Word formation – Parts of speech) B COMMON NOUN (PERSON) ENDINGS – or : actor, creator, doctor, tailor, visitor bachelor – er : northerner, villager, airliner, sorcerer – ee : employee, payee, absentee, refugee – ist : economist, dentist, pianist, optimist, perfectionist – ician : magician, physician, musician, electrician, beautician, – ant (10%) : assistant, accountant, consultant, contestant, inhabitant C ADJECTIVE ENDINGS – ent : independent, sufficient, absent, ancient, apparent, – ant : important, significant , abundant, ignorant, brilliant, : beautiful, graceful, powerful, grateful, forgetful, – ful Exceptions: handful, mouthful, spoonful are nouns classic, historic, artistic, economic, – ic : doubtless, fearless, powerless, countless, tireless, – less – ive : authoritative, demonstrative, talkative, active, passive, comparative, possessive : dangerous, glorious, murderous, hilarious, – ous : reliable, comfortable, suitable – able : audible, edible, terrible – ible 10 – al : central, general, oral, tropical, tidal Exceptions : rival, arrival, proposal, withdrawal, survival are nouns 11 – ory : mandatory, compulsory, satisfactory Exceptions : dormitory, promontory, territory are nouns 12 – ary : contrary, primary, temporary, necessary 13 – y : angry, happy, icy, messy, milky, tidy, chilly, 14 – ly :friendly, cowardly, manly 15 – (r)ate (10%): temperate, accurate, considerate, literate Đăng ký học: 0962 60 8801 – 04 6260 3948 Địa chỉ: Số 18 Trần Đại Nghĩa – Q Hai Bà Trưng – Hà nội KHÓA HỌC LUYỆN THI THPTQG CÙNG CÔ MAI PHƯƠNG & NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN TIẾT 1: CẤU TẠO TỪ - TỪ LOẠI (Word formation – Parts of speech) 16 – ish: foolish, bookish, bluish, reddish D COMMON VERB ENDINGS – en/ en – : listen, happen, strengthen, lengthen, shorten, soften, widen, entrust, enslave, enlarge, encourage, enable, enrich – ate : assassinate, associate, fascinate, separate, vaccinate, evacuate – ize : idolize, apologize, sympathize, authorize, fertilize – ify : satisfy, solidify, horrify E COMMON ADVERB ENDING – ly : firstly, fully, greatly, happily, hourly – wise : otherwise, clockwise – ward : backward, inward, onward, eastward CHỨC NĂNG CỦA MỘT SỐ TỪ LOẠI a Danh từ (Noun) Sau tính từ (adj + N) Sau - mạo từ: a /an / the - từ định: this, that, these, those, every, each, … - từ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several - tính từ sở hữu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its… Sau ngoại động từ (V cần O) Sau giới từ (prep + N) They are interesting books He is a student These flowers are beautiful She needs some water She buys books She meets a lot of people He talked about the story yesterday He is interested in music Đăng ký học: 0962 60 8801 – 04 6260 3948 Địa chỉ: Số 18 Trần Đại Nghĩa – Q Hai Bà Trưng – Hà nội KHÓA HỌC LUYỆN THI THPTQG CÙNG CÔ MAI PHƯƠNG & NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN TIẾT 1: CẤU TẠO TỪ - TỪ LOẠI (Word formation – Parts of speech) Trước V chia (N làm chủ từ) Sau enough (enough + N) The man has just arrived I don’t have enough money to buy that house b Tính từ (Adj) Trước N (Adj + N) Sau TO BE Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem … Sau trạng từ (adv + adj): extremely (cực kỳ), completely (hoàn toàn), really (thực sự), terribly, very, quite, rather, … Sau keep / make Sau too ( be + too + adj) Trước enough (be + adj + enough) Trong cấu trúc: be + so + adj + that A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, my, … + (Adj) + Noun Trong câu cảm thán: - How + adj + S + V - Wht + (a / an) + adj + N This is an interesting books I am tired It becomes hot She feels sad It is extremely cold I’m terribly sorry She is very beautiful The news made me happy That house is too small The house isn’t large enough She was so angry that she can’t speak My new car is blue How beautiful the girl is! What an interesting film! c Trạng từ (Adv) Sau V thường Trước Adj Giữa cụm V Đầu câu trước dấu phẩy Sau too V + too + adv Trong cấu trúc V + so + adv + that Trước enough V + adv + enough He drove carefully I meet an extremely handsome man She has already finished the job Unfortunately, I couldn’t come the party They walked too slowly to catch the bus Jack drove so fast that he caused an accident You should write clearly enough for every body to read Đăng ký học: 0962 60 8801 – 04 6260 3948 Địa chỉ: Số 18 Trần Đại Nghĩa – Q Hai Bà Trưng – Hà nội