Steps of isokinetic stack sampling _ Các bước quan trắc khí thải theo phương pháp đẳng tốc

Steps of isokinetic stack sampling _ Các bước quan trắc khí thải theo phương pháp đẳng tốc

11 STEPS OF STACK SAMPLING Intro 11 STEPS OF STACK SAMPLING DEFINE THE PROBLEM - WHY DO THE TEST? OBTAIN COOPERATION RESEARCH LITERATURE PRE-SURVEY AND WRITE TEST PROTOCOL PREPARE EQUIPMENT ON-SITE - PREPARATION AND PRELIMINARY TESTING FOR ISOKINETIC ON-SITE - STACK SAMPLING (ISOKINETIC) SAMPLE RECOVERY DEMOBILIZATION AND TRANSPORT SAMPLES 10 ANALYZE SAMPLES (Particulate Matter from isokinetic sampling) 11 WRITE REPORT Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | of 18 11 STEPS OF STACK SAMPLING Intro WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ABOUT STACK SAMPLING USA : http://www.epa.gov/ttn/emc/ http://www.arb.ca.gov/testmeth/testmeth.htm GENERAL TRAINING ON AIR EMISSIONS : http://www.epa.gov/apti/index.html SOME EQUIPMENT VENDORS : http://www.apexinst.com/ http://www.environsupply.com/ http://www.express.cleanair.com/ http://www.tecora.it/en/emissioni.php?sezione=prodottiesistemi http://www.metlab.se/ VIETNAM QCVN: http://www.quantracmoitruong.gov.vn/MLQTMT_QG_Content/tabid/70/nid/562/Default.aspx ISO : http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_ics/catalogue_ics_browse.htm?ICS1=13&ICS2=040&ICS3=40 Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | of 18 DEFINE THE PROBLEM - WHY DO THE TEST? STEP 1 DEFINE THE PROBLEM - WHY DO THE TEST? International Good Practices A- Determine Necessity of a Source Test a) Decide on data required b) Determine that source test will give this data c) Analyze cost B- State Source Test Objectives a) Process Evaluation b) Process Design Data c) Regulatory Compliance VPEG advice     Review QCVN and TCVN to determine types of pollutants to sample for If air pollution control equipment is in place, try test inlet and outlet for removal efficiency (%) As much as possible, include oxygen (O2) and flow rate (m3/h) measurements Consider using emission factors instead of stack testing Useful links QCVN : http://www.quantracmoitruong.gov.vn/MLQTMT_QG_Content/tabid/70/nid/562/Default.aspx Process information and Emission Factors: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/index.html Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | of 18 OBTAIN COOPERATION STEP 2 OBTAIN COOPERATION International Good Practices A- Contact Factory a) Contact Factory Manager b) Contact Factory Technical staff c) Obtain verbal approval for testing B- Contact Regulatory Agency a) Advise agency staff in charge of project or factory C- Contact Process or Air Pollution Control Equipment Supplier a) When applicable VPEG advice   In Vietnam, often need official letter to have access to factory In Vietnam, if factory not willing to collaborate, maybe not necessary to go through next steps! Useful links n/a Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | of 18 RESEARCH LITERATURE STEP 3 RESEARCH LITERATURE International Good Practices A- Research for: a) b) c) d) e) Basic Process Operation Type of pollutant emitted from process Physical State at Source Conditions Probable Point of Emissions from Process If available, read sampling reports from other similar process: problems to expect; estimate of H2O vapor and stack temperature VPEG advice  Don’t limit yourself to stack from furnaces Useful links Process information and Emission Factors: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/index.html Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | of 18 PRE-SURVEY AND WRITE TEST PROTOCOL STEP 4 PRE-SURVEY AND WRITE TEST PROTOCOL International Good Practices A- Pre-Survey at the factory a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) Contact Factory Personnel Inform Factory Personnel of testing Objectives and Requirements for Completion Review Process with Factory Personnel Identify Adequate Sampling Locations and Access Evaluate Safety Determine sampling point location Use EPA Method and if flow rate must be measured Locate Electrical Power Supply to Site Drawings, photographs of sampling site Locate restrooms and food at factory Note any special equipment needed B- Test Protocol a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) Develop Sampling Approach Select Equipment to meet Test Objectives Select Analytical Method Evaluate Possible Errors and Biases and correct sampling approach Determine Manpower Needed for Test Determine Time Required for Test with Margin for Breakdowns Write Test Protocol Submit Test Protocol to Factory and Regulatory Agency Set Test Date and Duration VPEG advice    Bring Field Practice Packet Provided by VPEG Know about the process before meeting factory personnel, they will appreciate your knowledge If source has been tested before, maybe no need to pre-survey Useful links Content of Test Protocol by EPA: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/emc/guidlnd/gd-042.pdf Field Practice Packet by VPEG Field Practice Packet Methods to 4.pdf Example of Test Protocol for Vietnam: Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Test Protocol Example.doc Page | of 18 PREPARE EQUIPMENT STEP 5 PREPARE EQUIPMENT International Good Practices (* except for portable analyzer section) A- Prepare Equipment a) b) c) d) e) Prepare Packing List (see example below) Prepare Filters and Reagents Calibrate Equipment Prepare Portable Analyzer Include Spare Parts if possible B- Prepare Filters and Reagents a) b) c) d) e) f) Identify filters correctly and permanently (use petri dish) Dessicate filters to constant weight for at least 24 hours Record filter weights (±0.1 mg) in permanent laboratory file Prepare sufficient deionized water to place in impingers Prepare sufficient silica gel Prepare sufficient acetone for nozzle and probe rinsings C- Equipment to Calibrate (when doing isokinetic sampling) a) b) c) d) e) f) g) Dry Gas Meter Determine console ΔH@ Nozzles Thermometers and Thermocouples Pressure Gauges Pitot Tubes and probes Portable Analyzer for gas composition D- Prepare Portable Analyzer* a) b) c) d) e) Ensure Calibration Certificate of portable analyzer is valid and recent Battery full Leak Check is acceptable (follow procedure from user guide) All cells have sufficient operating time left (see Menu option of analyzer if available) Ensure oxygen cell works fine VPEG advice Useful links Calibration of equipment may not be possible at this time in Vietnam Equipment Preparation Checklist by VPEG: Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Equipment Checklist for Isokinetic Sampling.pdf Page | of 18 ON-SITE - PREPARATION AND PRELIMINARY TESTING FOR ISOKINETIC STEP 6 ON-SITE - PREPARATION AND PRELIMINARY TESTING FOR ISOKINETIC International Good Practices A- Before arrival on-site a) Confirm Test Date and Process Operation b) Review Test Plan with all concerned B- Arrival on-site a) b) c) d) e) f) g) Notify Plant and Regulatory Agency Personnel Check weather forecast Confirm Process Operation Parameters in Control Room Verify sampling site has been prepared correctly/completely by factory Carry Equipment to Sampling Site Locate Electrical Connections Prepare field laboratory and equipment C- Preliminary Testing a) b) c) d) Measure Stack Diameter Measure Sampling port length and diameter Quick Measure of O2, CO2 and CO to determine approximate molecular weight of stack gas Determine approximate moisture content of stack gas (±3% v/v), using one of the following methods: - Use previous test data if available, or - Saturation temperature chart, if after wet scrubber, or - Wet/dry bulb temperature and chart, or - Perform a 20-30 minute moisture test with condensation technique (impingers) e) Use pitot tube to traverse duct for velocity profile (quick) Record several DP, temperature and static pressure f) Record barometric pressure D- Determine Nozzle Size a) Determine Ideal Nozzle size based on data from preliminary testing Use one of the following: - Computer program for nozzle size, or - Console module internal program (for Tecora), or - Formula and hand calculations, or - Sliding rule or nomograph, or - Programmed Calculator b) Based on ideal nozzle size, select most appropriate from available nozzle sizes c) If you select nozzle too large, console pump may not be strong enough to pull for the entire test d) If you select nozzle too small, sample volume will be small Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | of 18 ON-SITE - PREPARATION AND PRELIMINARY TESTING FOR ISOKINETIC STEP E- Determine Sample Points Position a) Calculate sample point position based on EPA Methods and 2, using one of the following methods: - Use Manual Calculations, or - Use calculator, or - Use computer program b) Mark sampling probe using measuring tape and permanent marker or heat tape VPEG advice Useful tools Manual Calculation Example for Isokinetic Sampling by VPEG: Blank sheets for isokinetic Sampling Sample Point position Example Isokinetic Blank Calculations and Field Sheets.pdf Examples and Homework B&W.pdf Sample Point position Blank sheets Field Practice Packet Methods to 4.pdf Sample Point Position and Moisture Excel sheet Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Isokinetic Calculations Example - ABC Steel Co (B&W).pdf ABC Steel Flow and H2O Calcs.xls Page | of 18 ON-SITE - STACK SAMPLING (ISOKINETIC) STEP 7 ON-SITE - STACK SAMPLING (ISOKINETIC) International Good Practices A- Assemble Sampling Train (4 impingers) a) b) c) d) e) f) Impinger and 2: Place 100 ml of DI water each Weigh each impinger Record on datasheet Impinger 3: Empty Weigh impinger Record on datasheet Impinger 4: Place 200-300 grams of Silica Gel (fresh) Weigh impinger Record on datasheet Install nozzle on marked probe Install pre-weighed and clearly identified filter in filter holder Use tweezers Record filter ID on data sheet Connect everything, place impingers in ice box with ice, turn on all heaters B- Leak Check Pitot Tubes a) blow through the pitot impact opening until ≥ 7.6 cm H2O velocity pressure registers on the manometer b) then, close off the impact opening c) the pressure shall remain stable for at least 15 seconds d) the same for the static pressure side, except using suction to obtain the minimum of 7.6 cm H2O e) record pitot tube leak check results on datasheet C- Calculations and Datasheet Preparation a) b) c) d) Calculate K factor for adjustments of DP and DH Record all available information on test datasheet Prepare datasheet for test With factory staff, ensure process operation is representative and normal D- Leak Check Sampling Train a) b) c) d) e) f) Plug the nozzle with a finger Open the bypass valve Close the coarse adjust valve Start the pump Slowly close the bypass valve until 30 inHg or 760 mmHg is reached DO NOT REVERSE direction of bypass valve; this will cause water to backup into the filter holder If desired vacuum is exceeded leak check at this higher value g) Allow stabilization, then record leak rate using stopwatch Leak check ≤ 0.57 L/min h) DO NOT STOP THE PUMP NOW i) Slowly remove your finger from the nozzle When finger removed, turn off the pump j) If leak check more than 0.57 L/min, find and fix leak and redo leak check k) Record leak check result on datasheet Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | 10 of 18 ON-SITE - STACK SAMPLING (ISOKINETIC) STEP E- Start and Conduct Source Test a) b) c) d) Record initial gas meter reading Level and zero manometer Clean the port holes Verify all ok: - Probe and filter box heaters (≥ 120°C) - pitot tube aligned with nozzle - aligned for gas stream direction - sufficient water/ice in ice box e) Position the nozzle at first traverse point f) When probe is in position block off the opening around probe/port hole g) Record start time h) Record gas DP (velocity) i) Determine DH desired j) Turn ON pump k) Adjust DH for isokinetic conditions l) Record all required data on datasheet m) Repeat for all points on traverse F- To during the test a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) Maintain isokinetic DH at all times Take samples for molecular weight determination (O2, CO2, CO) Use integrated orsat pump if available Use portable analyzer and record during sufficient length of time Take grab samples in bag and analyze with portable analyzer Add ice to maintain ≤ 20°C at outlet of last impinger Monitor process rate Take control room data if necessary Ensure you record all data on datasheet (use pen, not pencil) Periodically check manometer zero and level Probe and heater ≥ 120°C Record static pressure at least once per traverse Be careful during traverse change Do not bump the nozzle against the stack wall or the port hole wall G- Finish the test a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) Turn off the coarse adjust valve Remove the probe from the stack Turn off the pump and heaters Record the final gas meter reading and time Allow probe/nozzle to cool Wipe-off external PM from the nozzle and cap Leak check the sampling train (as per procedure above) Record on datasheet Leak check the pitot tube (as per procedure above) Record on datasheet Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | 11 of 18 ON-SITE - STACK SAMPLING (ISOKINETIC) Useful tools Manual Calculation Example for Isokinetic Sampling by VPEG: Blank sheets for isokinetic Sampling Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 STEP Isokinetic Calculations Example - ABC Steel Co (B&W).pdf Isokinetic Blank Calculations and Field Sheets.pdf Page | 12 of 18 SAMPLE RECOVERY STEP 8 SAMPLE RECOVERY International Good Practices A- Disassemble Sampling Train a) Disconnect the probe from the Cyclone Bypass inlet and cover both ends b) Disconnect the Filter Holder from the “L” Adapter and cap off the Filter Holder c) Disconnect the Umbilical Cable from the Sample Box and cover the last impinger outlet and first impinger inlet d) Disconnect the Cold Box from the Hot Box e) The Probe/nozzle Assembly, Filter Holder, and impinger case are ready for sample recovery f) Transfer the probe and filter-impinger assembly to a cleanup area that is clean and protected from the wind B- Sample Recovery a) Container No – Filter - Using a pair of tweezers and/or clean disposable surgical gloves, carefully remove filter from the Filter Holder, and place it in its identified petri dish container If necessary, fold the filter such that the particulate matter cake is inside the fold - Using a nylon bristle brush and/or a sharp-edged blade, carefully transfer to the petri dish any PM and/or remaining pieces of filter or filter fibers that adhere to the filter support or gasket b) Container No – Acetone Rinses Recover any particulate matter from the internal surfaces of the Probe Nozzle, swaged union fitting, probe liner (use a glass funnel to aid in transferring liquid washed to the container), front half of the Filter Holder, and (if applicable) the cyclone, and recover all rinses in a single glass container as follows: - c) Rinse front half of the filter holder with acetone, brush with small nylon bristle brush, and rinse with acetone until there are no visible particles Make a final acetone rinse For probe liner, repeat rinse, brush, rinse sequence at least three times for glass liners, and six times for metal liners For Probe Nozzle, use the nylon nozzle brush and follow the same sequence of rinse, brush, rinse as for the probe liner After completing the rinse, tighten the lid on the sample container Mark the height of the fluid level Label the container Silica Gel Impinger Record final weight (±0.5 g) on datasheet d) Impingers 1, and Record final weight (±0.5 g) on datasheet Discard water unless further analysis required Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | 13 of 18 SAMPLE RECOVERY STEP C- Results Compilation before next test a) b) c) d) e) At the conclusion of each sampling run, it is prudent to calculate the stack gas moisture (for the next sampling run) as well as the average isokinetic rate Use a computer program to these calculations Make any necessary adjustments before starting the next test Before next test, check process operating conditions are still representative of normal Ensure datasheets are completed Variations and Alternatives Instead of trying to catch the probe rinse with a glass funnel and sample container (likely step for sample loss), clamp an Erlenmeyer flask outfitted with female ball joint on the probe liner ball joint and conduct the probe rinse procedure If the probe is short, one person can perform the brushing and rinsing Acceptable alternatives to glass probe liners are metal liners, for example, 316 stainless steel, Inconel or other corrosion resistant metals made of seamless tubing These can be useful for cross-sections over m (10 ft.) in diameter Whenever practical, make every effort to use borosilicate glass or quartz probe liners Metal liners will bias particulate matter results high For large stacks, consider sampling from opposite sides of the stack to reduce the length of probe Use either borosilicate or quartz glass probe liners for stack temperatures up to 480° to 900°C (900 – 1,650°F) The softening temperature for borosilicate glass is 820°C (1,508°F), and for quartz it is 1,500°C (2,732°F) Rather than labeling filters, label the shipping containers (glass or plastic petri dishes), and keep the filters in these containers at all times except during sampling and weighing Use more silica gel in impinger 4, if necessary, but ensure that there is no entrainment or loss during sampling Hint: Loosely place cotton balls or glass wool in the neck of the silica gel impinger outlet stem If a different type of condenser (other than impingers) is used, measure the amount of moisture condensed either volumetrically or gravimetrically For moisture content, measure the impinger contents volumetrically or gravimetrically before and after a sampling run Use a pre-weighed amount of silica gel in a shipping container, then empty the silica gel after the run back into the container for weighing at another time If the total particulate catch is expected to exceed 100 mg or more or when water droplets are present in the stack gas use a Glass Cyclone between the probe and Filter Holder 10 If high pressure drops across the filter (high vacuum on the gauge) causing difficulty in maintaining isokinetic sampling, replace the filter Suggestion: Use another filter assembly rather than changing the filter itself Before installing a new filter, conduct a leak-check Add the filter assembly catches for the total particulate matter weight 11 Use a single train for the entire sampling run, except when simultaneous sampling is required in two or more separate ducts or at two or more different locations within the same duct, or in cases where Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | 14 of 18 SAMPLE RECOVERY STEP equipment failure necessitates a change in trains In all other situations, obtain approval from the regulatory agency before using two or more trains 12 When two or more trains are used, analyze separately the front-half and (if applicable) impinger catches from each train unless identical nozzle sizes were used on all trains In this case, the front-half catches may be combined (as may the impinger catches) and one analysis of front-half catch and one analysis of impinger catch may be performed Consult with the regulatory agency for details concerning the calculation of results when two or more trains are used 13 If a flexible line is used between the first impinger or condenser and the Filter Holder, disconnect the line at the Filter Holder, and let any condensed water or liquid drain into the impingers or condenser 14 Do not cap off the probe tip too tightly while the sampling train is cooling down, as this would create a vacuum in the Filter Holder, which may draw water from the impingers into the Filter Holder Useful links Manual Calculation Example for Isokinetic Sampling by VPEG: Blank sheets for isokinetic Sampling Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Isokinetic Calculations Example - ABC Steel Co (B&W).pdf Isokinetic Blank Calculations and Field Sheets.pdf Page | 15 of 18 DEMOBILIZATION AND TRANSPORT SAMPLES STEP 9 DEMOBILIZATION AND TRANSPORT SAMPLES International Good Practices A- Before packing the equipment a) Verify that isokinetic for all tests is between 90-110% b) Verify results for general consistency c) Gather all process operating data from factory staff B- Demobilization On the control module Turn off the manometer valves before transport Keep all equipment clean Put all nozzles in case Cap both ends of all probes e) Check you have not forgotten any equipment at the site f) Leave a clean sampling site behind g) Sign any administrative paperwork for the factory a) b) c) d) C- Sample transport a) Ensure all samples are clearly and correctly labeled b) Ship containers in an upright position c) Avoid any sample loss VPEG Advice Useful links Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | 16 of 18 ANALYZE SAMPLES (Particulate Matter from isokinetic sampling) STEP 10 10 ANALYZE SAMPLES (Particulate Matter from isokinetic sampling) International Good Practices A- Container (Filter) a) Leave the contents in the shipping container or transfer the filter and any loose PM from the sample container to a tared glass weighing dish b) Desiccate for 24 hours in a desiccator containing anhydrous calcium sulfate c) Weigh to a constant weight, and report the results to the nearest 0.1 mg d) For the purposes of this section, the term "constant weight" means a difference of no more than 0.5 mg or percent of total weight less tare weight, whichever is greater, between two consecutive weighings, with no less than hours of desiccation time between weighings Alternative acceptable in the USA: The sample may be oven dried at 104°C (220°F) for to hours Once the sample has cooled in a dessicator, weigh the sample, and use this weight as a final weight B- Container (Acetone Rinses) a) Note the level of liquid in the container, and confirm on the analysis sheet whether leakage occurred during transport If a noticeable amount of leakage has occurred, either void the sample or use methods to correct the final results b) Measure the liquid in this container either volumetrically to ± ml or gravimetrically to ± 0.5 g c) Transfer the contents to a cleaned, dessicated and tared 250 ml beaker d) Evaporate to dryness at ambient temperature and pressure e) After acetone evaporation is complete, put beaker in dessicator for 24 hours f) Weigh to a constant weight g) Report the results to the nearest 0.1 mg Alternative: d’) Evaporate at temperatures higher than ambient, but below boiling point of the solvent To prevent “bumping”, closely supervise the evaporation process; swirl occasionally the contents of the beaker to maintain even temperature Use extreme care, as acetone is highly flammable and has a low flash point VPEG Advice Useful links Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Page | 17 of 18 WRITE REPORT STEP 11 11 WRITE REPORT International Good Practices A- Report Content a) Table of contents Danh mục Số liệu Danh mục Bảng 1.0 Giới thiệu 1.1 Tóm tắt chương trình đo 1.2 Tổ chức chương trình đo 2.0 Mô tả Nguồn 2.1 Mô tả trình thực 2.2 Mô tả Thiết bị Kiểm soát 3.0 Chương trình Đo 3.1 Mục tiêu 3.2 Ma trận đo 4.0 Vi trí Lấy mẫu 4.1 Vị trí lấy mẫu ống khói 4.2 Vị trí lấy mẫu dây chuyền 5.0 Quy trình Phân tích Lấy mẫu 5.1 Phương pháp đo 5.2 Xử lý số liệu 6.0 Các hoạt động Đảm bảo/Kiểm soát chất lượng 6.1 Quy trình Kiểm soát Chất lượng 6.2 Kiểm toán đảm bảo chất lượng 6.3 Tiến hành Đo Đảm bảo/Kiểm soát chất lượng để chỉnh sửa xác nhận Dữ liệu 6.4 Nhận dạng lưu giữ Mẫu 7.0 Những yêu cầu Báo cáo chỉnh sửa Dữ liệu 7.1 Mẫu Báo cáo 7.2 Tóm tắt chỉnh sửa Dữ liệu 8.0 Lối vào an toàn Nhà máy 8.1 Những trách nhiệm An toàn 8.2 Chương trình An toàn 8.3 Những yêu cầu An toàn 9.0 Những trách nhiệm cá nhân Chương trình Thí nghiệm 9.1 Chuẩn bị trường 9.2 Chuẩn bị để đo 9.3 Trách nhiệm cá nhân thực Kế hoạch chi tiết Phụ lục A – Phương pháp thực b) Use software to enter data from datasheet and calculate all values VPEG Advice Useful links An example of report can be found here: Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling.docx Date: June 2012 Result report(final).rar Page | 18 of 18 [...]... Sampling. docx Date: June 2012 Page | 11 of 18 ON-SITE - STACK SAMPLING (ISOKINETIC) Useful tools Manual Calculation Example for Isokinetic Sampling by VPEG: Blank sheets for isokinetic Sampling Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling. docx Date: June 2012 STEP 7 Isokinetic Calculations Example - ABC Steel Co (B&W).pdf Isokinetic Blank Calculations and Field Sheets.pdf Page | 12 of 18 SAMPLE RECOVERY STEP 8... condenser 14 Do not cap off the probe tip too tightly while the sampling train is cooling down, as this would create a vacuum in the Filter Holder, which may draw water from the impingers into the Filter Holder Useful links Manual Calculation Example for Isokinetic Sampling by VPEG: Blank sheets for isokinetic Sampling Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling. docx Date: June 2012 Isokinetic Calculations... h) Turn off the coarse adjust valve Remove the probe from the stack Turn off the pump and heaters Record the final gas meter reading and time Allow probe/nozzle to cool Wipe-off external PM from the nozzle and cap Leak check the sampling train (as per procedure above) Record on datasheet Leak check the pitot tube (as per procedure above) Record on datasheet Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling. docx... b) Ship containers in an upright position c) Avoid any sample loss VPEG Advice Useful links Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling. docx Date: June 2012 Page | 16 of 18 ANALYZE SAMPLES (Particulate Matter from isokinetic sampling) STEP 10 10 ANALYZE SAMPLES (Particulate Matter from isokinetic sampling) International Good Practices A- Container 1 (Filter) a) Leave the contents in the shipping container... catches for the total particulate matter weight 11 Use a single train for the entire sampling run, except when simultaneous sampling is required in two or more separate ducts or at two or more different locations within the same duct, or in cases where Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling. docx Date: June 2012 Page | 14 of 18 SAMPLE RECOVERY STEP 8 equipment failure necessitates a change in trains... than ambient, but below boiling point of the solvent To prevent “bumping”, closely supervise the evaporation process; swirl occasionally the contents of the beaker to maintain even temperature Use extreme care, as acetone is highly flammable and has a low flash point VPEG Advice Useful links Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling. docx Date: June 2012 Page | 17 of 18 WRITE REPORT STEP 11 11 WRITE... nhiệm cá nhân khi thực hiện và Kế hoạch chi tiết Phụ lục A – Phương pháp thực hiện b) Use software to enter data from datasheet and calculate all values VPEG Advice Useful links An example of report can be found here: Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling. docx Date: June 2012 Result report(final).rar Page | 18 of 18 ... made of seamless tubing These can be useful for cross-sections over 3 m (10 ft.) in diameter Whenever practical, make every effort to use borosilicate glass or quartz probe liners Metal liners will bias particulate matter results high 3 For large stacks, consider sampling from opposite sides of the stack to reduce the length of probe 4 Use either borosilicate or quartz glass probe liners for stack. .. same sequence of rinse, brush, rinse as for the probe liner After completing the rinse, tighten the lid on the sample container Mark the height of the fluid level Label the container Silica Gel Impinger Record final weight (±0.5 g) on datasheet d) Impingers 1, 2 and 3 Record final weight (±0.5 g) on datasheet Discard water unless further analysis required Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling. docx... analysis required Filename: Steps of Isokinetic Stack Sampling. docx Date: June 2012 Page | 13 of 18 SAMPLE RECOVERY STEP 8 C- Results Compilation before next test a) b) c) d) e) At the conclusion of each sampling run, it is prudent to calculate the stack gas moisture (for the next sampling run) as well as the average isokinetic rate Use a computer program to do these calculations Make any necessary adjustments