Environmental biology of fishes, tập 95, số 4, 2012

Environ Biol Fish (2012) 95:415418 DOI 10.1007/s10641-012-0076-4 Chemical signatures of otoliths and application in fisheries Yongwen Gao & David L G Noakes Received: 23 June 2012 / Accepted: 20 July 2012 / Published online: August 2012 # Springer Science+Business Media B.V 2012 Keywords Stable isotopes Trace elements Carbonate Equilibrium conditions The very successful 141th American Fisheries Society Annual Meeting was held in Seattle from September 48, 2011 During the meeting we organized an otolith symposium titled Chemical signatures of otoliths and application in fisheries Twelve oral and three poster presenters from China, Japan, Norway, and United States were presented in the session, and contributed as manuscripts for publication in a special issue of Environmental Biology of Fishes Why we think this is important? First, the chemical signatures of otoliths have received increased attention in recent years because otoliths contain a great deal of information about the life history of the fish and that information can be extracted from stable isotope and trace elemental analyses Second, although otolith chemistry has been investigated since the 1960s (e.g., Lowenstam 1961; McIntire 1963; Devereux 1967; Degens et al 1969), very few symposia have concentrated specifically on the topic Y Gao (*) Makah Fisheries Management, P.O Box 115, Neah Bay, WA 98357, USA e-mail: gaoy@olypen.com Therefore, we think it is important and timely to highlight our AFS otolith symposium and publish the presentations Otoliths are mm-sized, laminated calcium carbonate structures (CaCO3) found in the inner ears of teleost fish (Carlstrom 1963) They grow from a fluid medium (endolymph) that mainly contains calcium ions Ca2+ and bicarbonate HCO3- (Schwarcz et al 1998) From the mineralogical perspective, carbonates consist of minerals: rhombohedral calcite and dolomite, and orthorhombic aragonite Aragonite is unstable in nature and commonly inverts to its polymorph calcite (Nesse 1986) During the precipitation and physicochemical processes minor or trace elements are incorporated into carbonate mineral phases by substituting for Ca2+ in the crystal structure The divalent metal cation M2+ in the calcite group occupies the octahedral sites with 6-fold coordination, whereas M2+ in the aragonite group occupies the triangular sites with 9-fold coordination (Berry et al 1983; Zheng 1999) Thus trace elements with larger ionic radii, such as Sr2+, Na+, and Ba2+, are preferentially incorporated into orthorhombic aragonite, whereas rhombohedral calcite is enriched in smaller ions, such as Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ At normal or low temperature conditions this substitution is governed by a distribution coefficient (df) of a special trace element between liquid and solid phase that can be expressed by: Y Gao College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China m Me=m CaịS ẳ df m Me=m CaịL D L G Noakes Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA at equilibrium (i.e., constant temperature and pressure; df01) and no concentration gradients between the two phases (McIntire 1963; Brand and Veizer 1ị 416 Environ Biol Fish (2012) 95:415418 1980) In this equation, Me represent the trace elements expressed in moles (m) in the solid (S) and liquid (L) phases At non-equilibrium conditions, however, the relationship will be changed to: logm MeI =m MeF ị ẳ df logm CaI =m CaF ị 2ị where I and F are the initial and final concentrations of trace elements and Ca in solution (Gordon et al 1959; Veizer 1983) When df>1, the Me will be enriched in the carbonate solid phase relative to the Me/Ca of the liquid phase; when df[...]... Cao Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Peoples Republic of China e-mail: szdou@qdio.ac.cn Y Amano : K Shirai : T Otake : K Tsukamoto Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-85 64, Japan X Yu Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing... processes (e.g., reproduction and larval development and growth) of the individual fish, resulting in individual variability of otolith chemical composition A number of investigations documented the effects of temperature and salinity on the uptake of elements into otoliths, which are considered to be two potential environmental modifiers of otolith chemical composition Negative relationship (Tzeng 1994;... analysis of otoliths of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus), a deep-water marine teleost Aust J Mar Fresh Res 42:383389 Elsdon TS, Gillanders BM (2002) Interactive effects of temperature and salinity on otolith chemistry: challenges for determining environmental histories of fish Can J Fish Aquat Sci 59:17961808 Elsdon TS, Gillanders BM (2003) Reconstructing migratory patterns of fish based on environmental. .. using the results of stable isotope analysis in fish otoliths Table 5 Analysis of variance of the effects of species and calculation method on temperature estimates from field caught fish, based on difference between estimated and average measured summer temperatures at site (Table 4) Source Species Calculation method Interaction Error Temperature is probably one of the most important environmental factors... in the affiliated Dongting lake of the Yangtze River, over 400 km in the affiliated Dongping lake of the Yellow River, and over 100 km in the lower reaches of the Liaohe River and the Haihe River; Cai et al 1980; Yuan and Qin 1984; Yuen 1987; Chen 1991) The isolation of spawning sites from most of the estuarine areas that usually had large inter-annual and/or seasonal environmental variability might... in juvenile plaice otoliths, independently of individual growth rate This validates the assumption of equilibrium precipitation of calcium carbonate, although the form of the relationship to temperature is probably not linear (Hoie et al 2004; Godiksen et al 2010) The size, or growth rate, of the individual fish does not affect the isotopic fractionation of oxygen Plaice otoliths exhibit differential... measurements from oxygen isotope ratios of fish otoliths Science 155:16841685 Epstein S, Mayeda T (1953) Variations in 18O contents of waters from natural sources Geochim Cosmochim Acta 4:213224 Friedman I, ONeill JR (1977) Compiliation of stable isotope fractionation factors of geochemical interest Data of geochemistry, 6 edn United States Geological Survey Professional Paper Gao YW, Beamish RJ (2003)... incorporation of strontium in otolith of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica J Fish Biol 45:10551066 Tzeng WN (1996) Effects of salinity and ontogenetic movement on strontium:calcium ratios in the otoliths of the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 199:111122 Walther BD, Thorrold SR (2006) Water, not food, contributes the majority of strontium and barium deposited in the otoliths of a marine... (1991b) Oxygen and carbon stable isotopes in the otoliths of wild and laboratory-reared Australian salmon (Arripis trutta) Mar Biol 110:3747 Kalish J (1992) Application of otolith oxygen and carbon isotope data to the study of fish biology In: Thresher RE, Mills DJ, Proctor CH, Ianelli JN (eds) International Symposium on Skeletal Microanalysis of Marine Fish Stocks,, Hobart, Tasmania (Australia), 1992... Machavaram MV, Pogodina AR, Franklin RL (2006) Experimental determination of the sources of otolith carbon Environ Biol Fish (2012) 95:419430 and associated isotopic fractionation Can J Fish Aquat Sci 63:7989 Stephenson PC, Edmonds JS, Moran MJ, Caputi N (2001) Analysis of stable isotope ratios to investigate stock structure of red emperor and Rankin cod in northern Western Australia J Fish Biol 58:126144