bedside procedures for intensivist Sách hướng dẫn chi tiết gần như toàn bộ các thủ thuật trong hồi sức cấp cứu, như: nội khí quản, dùng siêu âm hưỡng dẫn chọc dò, mở khí quản, đặt ống dẫn lưu, siêu âm tim có trọng điểm trong cấp cứu,...Cuốn sách không thể thiếu cho bác sĩ hồi sức cấp cứu, bác sĩ hô hấp, tim mạch, gây mê, ...và gần như tất cả các bs lâm sàng sẽ phải thực hiện những thủ thuật này.
Bedside Procedures for the Intensivist dd Heidi L Frankel Bennett P deBoisblanc ● Editors Bedside Procedures for the Intensivist Editors Heidi L Frankel, MD, FACS, FCCM Chief Division of Trauma Acute Care and Critical Care Surgery and Director Shock Trauma Center Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center Hershey, Pennsylvania hfrankel@hmc.psu.edu Bennett P deBoisblanc, MD Professor of Medicine and Physiology Section of Pulmonary/ Critical Care Medicine Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, Louisiana bdeboi@lsuhsc.edu ISBN 978-0-387-79829-5 e-ISBN 978-0-387-79830-1 DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-79830-1 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2010930507 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 All rights reserved This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) On December 25, 2008 while serving his second tour of duty, an a combat surgeon for the U.S Army, Dr John Pryor, “JP,” was felled by enemy fire We are extraordinarily grateful to him for his many contributions in the field of trauma and critical care urgery s and his ccomplishments and a spirit that lives on in all of us whose lives he touched This book is but one of those a ccomplishments We dedicate it this book to his wife, Carmella, and three children and to all of those who serve their country and profession so selflessly dd Preface Since the establishment of the first intensive care unit (ICU) in 1953 by Danish anesthesiologist Bjorn Ibsen at Copenhagen’s university hospital, critical care medicine has evolved from a specialty focused primarily on mechanical ventilation of polio patients into a complex multidisciplinary specialty that provides care for a broad range of life-threatening medical and surgical problems Dramatic technological advances in monitoring equipment and treatment modalities have improved the clinical outcomes for such patients The miniaturization of microprocessors and the refinement of minimally invasive techniques have allowed many critical care procedures that were once performed in the operating room (OR) to now be performed at a patient’s bedside in the ICU This evolution towards performing procedures at the bedside instead of in the OR has had distinct advantages for both patients and hospitals First, it avoids the potential hazards and manpower costs of having to transport a critically ill patient out of the ICU Second, procedures not have to be worked into a busy OR schedule; they can be performed when they are needed – immediately, if necessary This saves OR time and expense Finally, by their nature, bedside procedures are less invasive than the parent procedures that they replace and therefore are usually associated with less risk to the patient, e.g., transbronchial lung biopsy versus open lung biopsy All procedures undergo refinement as more and more operators gain experience with them The idea for Bedside Critical Care Procedures was born out of the idea that there should be a “how-to” reference that consolidates the cumulative experience of expert proceduralists into a single pocket manual that students, residents, fellows, and staff intensivists of diverse training can reference Within these pages, practitioners will find easy-to-read descriptions of all aspects of the performance of safe, efficient, and comfortable procedures in the ICU Each chapter includes bulleted lists of needed supplies and equipment, patient preparation and positioning, and the step-by-step technique Included are procedures performed with and without ultrasound guidance Heidi Frankel, MD, FACS, FCCM Ben deBoisblanc, MD, FACP, FCCP, FCCM vii dd Contents General Considerations Heidi L Frankel and Mark E Hamill Conscious Sedation and Deep Sedation, Including Neuromuscular Blockade Russell R Miller III 19 Airway Management Patricia Reinhard and Irene P Osborn 37 Ultrasound Physics and Equipment Sarah B Murthi, Mary Ferguson, and Amy C Sisley 57 Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Access Procedures Christian H Butcher and Alexander B Levitov 81 Ultrasound-Guided Drainage Procedures for the Intensivist 113 Kathryn M Tchorz Focused Echocardiography in the ICU 139 Steven A Conrad Procedures in Critical Care: Dialysis and Apheresis 183 Matthew J Diamond and Harold M Szerlip Pericardiocentesis 205 James Parker and Murtuza J Ali 10 Bedside Insertion of Vena Cava Filters in the Intensive Care Unit 217 A Britton Christmas and Ronald F Sing 11 Percutaneous Dilational Tracheostomy 233 Bennett P deBoisblanc 12 Open Tracheostomy 247 Adam M Shiroff and John P Pryor ix