Developing the Industry in the Vietnam Northern key economic region towards sustainability

1 INTRODUCTION An overview of research The "Developing the Industry in the Vietnam Northern key economic region towards sustainability" is the independent scientific research, completed by a graduate student on the basis of over 100 reference and documents concerned, under the direct supervision of Assoc Prof Dr Phan Huy Đường and Assoc Prof, Dr Bùi Ngọc Quỵnh, with the advice of many domestic scientists The thesis includes: Introduction, Overview, chapters, conclusion and a list of references and appendices Reasons for choosing dissertation topics Sustainable development with three pillars : economic growth , addressing social issues and environmental protection is essential needs and a challenge for all countries in conditions of globalization, integration international today The selection of measures and mechanisms to ensure sustainable development policy is always the top concern of all countries in the development process In Vietnam, the perspective of sustainable development was rapid and soon to be the Party and State poses with ever-improving content and has become a consistent policy in leadership, management and executive development process development of the country for more than a decade To achieve the objective of sustainable development of the country, at the national level, the Sustainable Development Strategy for Vietnam in the period 2011 - 2020 has been issued by the Government in 2012 This is a strategic framework, including the major orientation as a legal basis for the ministries, branches, localities, organizations and individuals concerned to implement, and demonstrate the commitment of Vietnam Men with international However, in each individual area and in each locality in which key economic regions , sustainable development issues should be considered in a systematic way and to be able to concretize the implementation , especially in industries - sectors that affect the decision to the sustainable development of this region With a focus on investment policy development key economic regions significantly motivate and involve other areas of development, the Party and State have established four key economic areas, including NKER NKER includes provinces and cities area has an important role in the development of the economy - the country's society 2 Thanks to all policies of industrial development should correct in the industry initially gained many important achievements Industrial production continues to increase rapidly with an average GDP increase of 16.2 % / year over the period 2006 to 2010, 1.15 times higher than the country's average level The proportion of industry in the region's GDP in 2010 was 45.5 % , higher than the national average The above results are encouraging , but compared to the potential advantages and the role of NKER, these results did not meet the requirements, the industry in NKER still in development modest and not sustainable manner, in which the growth rate is high but unstable low value-added , value-added rate on the value of industrial production tends to decrease; technology obsolete , slow innovation , industry support underdeveloped Besides, the establishment of industrial parks, industrial clusters poses a pressing issue in terms of social and environment These issues need to be studied soon and have timely solutions, particularly in the context of Vietnam continues to develop market economy socialist orientation, accelerate the process of industrialization, modernize the country with the aim to become an industrialized country by 2020 Before the pressing issues that the study of theoretical basis and practical, which proposes major solutions to industrial development Vietnam in NKER towards sustainability significant theoretical and real practical imperative Therefore, the authors chose the subject "Industrial development in the Vietnam Northern key economic zone towards sustainability" as a doctoral dissertation in economics, majoring in political economy The purpose of the study The thesis was undertaken to build a scientific basis for the solution of industrial development in Vietnam northern key economic zone towards sustainability Subjects range of research topics * Study subjects: The object of the thesis research is the development of three industrial content of sustainable development: economic, social and environmental * Scope of the Study: On content: Thesis research and development industry in general, not go deep detailed study of sub-industry specific Of space: The thesis research and development industry in a sustainable manner over the provinces and cities of the northern key economic region in relation to the national economy in general On time: The thesis research focused on industrial development in Vietnam NKER in the period 2001-2012 Proposed solutions to industrial development in Vietnam NKER towards sustainability by 2020, vision to 2030 The scientific and practical meaning of the thesis * The new contribution of the thesis Systematize and clarify the concept, content, evaluation criteria for industrial development in a sustainable manner; Essential Lessons industrial development in a sustainable way from the experience of some countries , the true rating situation and propose perspectives and solutions primarily to industrial development in Vietnam NKER sustainable way; * The theoretical and practical meaning of the thesis The thesis was successfully contribute to provide a scientific basis for defining policy, industrial policy development towards sustainability in the northern key economic region in particular and the country in general The thesis contributes to theoretical development of sustainable development, applied in the sectors socioeconomic specific At the same time, the thesis can be used as research material, teaching in universities economy OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES The situation related to the research topic 1.1 The abroad studies 1.1.1 The typical projects related to sustainable development The report " Our Common Future " by the World Council on Environment and Development of the United Nations , " Introduction to Sustainable Development " by Peter P Rogers , Kazi F Jalal and John A Boyd , " understanding sustainable Development " by John Blewitt , " the principles of sustainable development " by Simon Dresner , " indicators of sustainable development : the measurement can not measure these things ? " by Simon Bell and Stephen Morse 1.1.2 The work -related aspects of industrial development in a sustainable manner" Does integration strategy is led by Mexico 's FDI has been done towards developing sustainable industry" by Kevin P Gallagher and Lyuba Zarsky, "Towards green growth through the development of green industries in Vietnam Men" of UNIDO; " sustainable development in the industry" by Jan Harmsen Joseph B.Powell" Towards sustainable Development in Central America and the Caribbean " by Anders Danielson and A Geske Dijkstra, " Accounting environmental management accounting for cleaner production" of Stefan Schaltegger, Martin Bennett, Roger L Burritt, Christine Jasch 1.2 The domestic studies 1.2.1 The typical projects related to sustainable development Environmental management for sustainable development by Lưu Đức Hai; research projects to build sustainable development criteria the national level in Vietnam - the first phase of the Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development , Sustainable Development: from conception of action, Ha Huy Thanh, Nguyen Ngoc Khanh scientific argument for the views and policies primarily aimed at developing sustainable economy for the period 2011-2020 Vietnam Bui Tat Thang 1.2.2 The research related to the speed and quality of industrial growth Completing the industrial development strategy of Vietnam Ohno and Nguyen Van Thuong, Improving the quality of the industry's growth in Vietnam process of industrialization and modernization of Le Huy Duc, quality growth industry Vietnam electronics industry in the process of international economic integration of Ho Le Nghia competitiveness Report industry Vietnam 's Ministry of Industry and Trade in 2011 and UNIDO; industrial development policy of Vietnam 's support Hoang Van Chau 1.2.3 The study refers to the environmental aspects, social development industry Environmental policy for sustainable development-model approach by balancing interdisciplinary and inter - regional Ha Thanh Le - Trinh Bui - Duong Manh Hung, the social impact of industrial parks in Vietnam 's Nguyen Binh Giang, Impact of climate change on growth and economic development of Vietnam 's Institute for economic Management central; sustainable development policy key economic regions in Vietnam by Nguyen Van Nam, Ngô Thắng Lợi, a number of economic problems - society arose in the process of industrialization and urbanization in today 's Vietnam Vo Van Duc and Dinh Ngoc Giang 1.2.4 The work refers directly to industrial development in a sustainable manner Adjust industrial strategy towards sustainable development of the author Le Minh Duc; industrial policy - oriented sustainable development in Vietnam 's Phan Dang Tuat and Le Minh Duc; Trade Policy and Industrial to sustainable industrial development of Vietnam Nguyen Thi Huong at Ho Chi Minh national Political Academy 1.2.5 The study area represents the northern key economic Sustainable development in rural northern plain in construction , development of industrial parks: Status and Solutions, by Do Duc Quan Survey basic elements of sustainable development key economic regions North of Nguyen Danh Son of economic restructuring in view of sustainable development in the area NKER Ta Dinh Thi of Vietnam; sustainability traditional villages NKER of Bach Thi Lan Anh; development of the industrial zone in the northern key economic sustainable way of Vu Thanh Huong The thesis question resolved Continues Thus, had the works under Different Approach Both angles on Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Industrial Development in a Sustainable manner The above work is really original Invaluable resource, great help for graduate students inheriting HIS Conducting research thesis topic However, the above - Mentioned works refer to the follow issues: One is, not work in depth Comprehensive research on three issues of industrial development of SD content to Maintain the speed and quality of high industrial growth, Stability and assurance requirements for the harmonized with the industrial development of Sustainable surface Second, no study does enter the system of holistic solutions to industrial development in a Sustainable manner and not the issue of industrial development Approach Towards Sustainability in terms of science Political Economy Third, there is not any research Comprehensive, insightful, Systematic problem oriented regional industrial development for a Sustainable Economy, Especially Important for safety as NKER territory of Vietnam The objective of the study subjects Theoretical Interpretation basis, and proposes practical perspective, industry solutions NKER Towards Developing Sustainability Vietnam Content of study subject Theoretical clarify the issues related to industrial development in a Sustainable manner; overview of international experience in industrial development in a Sustainable Way and lessons for Vietnam NKER; analyse, clarify the achievements , constraints and limitations of the cause in the direction of Sustainable industrial development in the area of NKER Vietnam On Furniture basis, decide the issues raised need to be addressed Forecast international context, Domestic opinion and suggestions, solutions primarily to industrial development in the area NKER Vietnam Towards Sustainability Methods of study subjects Based on the methodology of scientific materialism , the thesis uses the specific methodology of the Economic and Political Marxist - Leninist as methods of scientific abstraction, combining logic and history; meta - analysis Besides, the thesis after am am also uses methods: Systems Approach; research methodology document; comparison method, control and Forecasting; Combining Qualitative analysis methods to analyze quantified; Using information technology to model and search for documents in and abroad Chapter THEORETICAL ISSUES AND PRACTICES OFINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE 1.1 Industrial development and industrial development in a sustainable manner 1.1.1 Industrial Development 1.1.1.1 Industry and characteristics of industrial development Industrial development is the increase in the number and quality of industrial growth associated with the industrial restructuring in the direction of progress and rationality The process of industrial development often brings the following main characteristics: First, the industrial development of concentration, specialization and cooperation of very high; Second, industrial development requires consumption large input of resources; third, industrial development associated with the innovation process raise the level of science and technology; Wednesday, industry can develop in any territory; Thursday, develop industrial emissions associated with large; Friday, industrial development is a process fraught with problems directly related to the economic - social - environmental, economic interests of many stakeholders Saturday, industrial development has an important role in promoting agricultural development towards industrialization and modernization 1.1.1.2 Some theories of industrial development in key territories Johann - Heinrich von Thunen theory developed in the industrial belt as cities, ports , major transportation hubs are the buttons, the key attraction of territory and power spread out around In industrial positioning theory, economists A.Weber mentioned the advantages and limitations of the concentration of business in one location Theoretical position of the center A.Losch W Christaller and discover spatial distribution rule, study space systems facility to identify sentinel nodes Growth pole theory was the French economist Francois Perrous initiatives focused on territorial rise to economic growth 1.1.2 Sustainable Development The World Summit on Sustainable Development ( Rio 1992, Johannesburrg 2002, Rio +20 2012 ) has identified: sustainable development towards incorporating, reasonable and harmonious three aspects: development economic development, social development and environmental protection Fellows also agreed that when it comes to sustainable development refers to the requirements of sustainable development; requirements shown on three aspects : economic sustainability , social sustainability and sustainable environment 1.1.3 Industrial development towards sustainability 1.1.3.1 Concept and content development industry towards sustainability Industrial development towards sustainable development practices as required industrial sustainable development, in which speed and quality of industrial growth and maintain high stability, ensure the harmonization requirements between economic, social and environmental According to the concept, industrial development in a sustainable way is the harmonious combination of the following two : One is to maintain the speed and quality of industrial growth and stability; Second, ensure requirements about the harmony between industrial development with the presence of sustainable development , which is economically sustainable , sustainable social and environmental sustainability 1.1.3.2 Criteria for industrial development in a sustainable manner On the basis of inherited norms and criteria laid out in the relevant studies and indicators of sustainable development strategy in Vietnam during 2011 - 2020, in terms of the economics profession politics, according to research students, the criteria for evaluating the sustainability of industrial development including: * The criteria for evaluating the quality and speed of industrial growth The size and growth rate of the industrial production value, structure and industrial restructuring; proportion of value added in manufacturing value; Efficiency of industrial production, industrial labor productivity; the level of support for industrial development * The criteria for evaluating the harmony between industrial development with the presence of sustainable development: economic, social, environmental - Industrial development with economic sustainability: the contribution of industry to GDP growth, scale and proportion of exports of industrial goods exports accounted for in general, the economic restructuring structure of local labor in a positive direction, level of infrastructure development - economic society; - Industrial development with environmental sustainability: The level of losses in the resource extraction activities; technological level of manufacturing, industrial firms , number of establishments producing industrial cleaning application rather, the indicators reflecting the level of pollution, environmental degradation of land; indicators of water environment pollution and scope; environmental indicators of air; indicators of industrial solid waste - Development of sustainable industrial society: Elevations jobs from the expansion of industrial development , improve the level of income, living standards and morale of workers from operating activities industrial production 1.2 Factors affecting industrial development in a sustainable manner 1.2.1 The force factor of production The natural conditions; Labor and labor quality industrial and scientific progress technological infrastructures Status for industrial development; industrial enterprises 1.2.2 The factors of production relations and the superstructure Capacity management and administration of the State, political environment - legal, macroeconomic environment, economic policy structure; Culture, Sustainability of economic institutions 1.3.Experience developing industry towards sustainability in some countries and lessons for the northern key economic Vietnam 1.3.1 Experience developing industry towards sustainability in some countries The developed countries and newly industrialized (Japan, Korea, Singapore) and developing countries (Thailand, China) has developed industry towards sustainability on the basis of implementing measures: Improving speed and high quality industrial 10 growth , social problem solving in industrial development; Addressing environmental issues in industrial development 1.3.2 Lessons for industrial development in a sustainable way in the northern key economic Vietnam * Lessons from the success of the country About maintaining speed and improve the quality of industrial growth: Must respect right from the start ensuring harmony between the economic, social and environmental development in industry through the formulation of development plan and strategy for sustainable development; attach importance to solve the problem satisfactorily improve the quality of industrial growth Regarding environmental protection in industrial development: The experience of countries, particularly Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Thailand, for the need to pay attention to environmental protection issues at the beginning of the development process In addition, the need to enhance the capacity for environmental protection and the role of corporate control, support of the State Need to apply safeguards, limitations and environmental pollution treatment and promote industrial development and exploitation of the environment, resource use efficiency and rationality About solve social problems in industrial development: developing industrial policy in Vietnam should consider the full range of social factors as increasing jobs, expand social security; There wage policy consistent with industrial workers; Implementation and create more equality in income distribution policy * Lessons from the surface of the water is not successful Singapore's experience shows, the implementation of environmental protection policies and the roadmap should be closely coordinated with other policies for industrial development in a sustainable manner without increasing production costs, reduce power competitiveness of the economy and causing a shortage of skilled workers Experience of industrial development towards sustainability of South Korea have shown that, in addition to the emphasis on export markets for industrial goods, should also pay attention to the needs of the local market, building the economic independence to not be overly dependent on international investment and export markets 11 Conclusion Chapter In Chapter 1, the author of the thesis outlined the basic content of industrial development on a content territories and sustainable development, thereby building concepts, clarify content, the criteria prices of industrial development in a sustainable manner Fellows have studied, generalized and indicate the factors affecting the process of industrial development in a sustainable manner Fellows also selected two groups of countries to examine the experience of industrial development in a sustainable manner , from which to draw lessons for NKER Vietnam Chapter SITUATION OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AREA NORTHERN ECONOMIC FOCUS TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE 2.1 Essential positions, roles, growing conditions and mechanisms, policies affecting industrial development zone in the northern key economic sustainable way 2.1.1 The position, role and development of the region conditions in the northern key economic 2.1.1.1 Position and role of the northern key economic NKER located in the Red River Delta region , including provinces and cities Region is located, is the role of nuclear geographical motivated development - Socio - economic of the Red River Delta region and the country 2.1.1.2 Conditions outstanding development of NKER for industrial development in a sustainable manner * Favorable conditions The natural conditions Region located convenient access Northern market and China market; Land facilitate deployment of infrastructure and industrial development; reserves of rich mineral resources Potentially, the strength of the economic development and marine tourism economy Economic conditions In the period 2001-2010, the growth rate of GDP of the NKER reached 12.0 % , higher than 1.65 times higher than the national growth rate of the same period ( 7.26 % ); During that period in 2006-2010, despite the global economic crisis and growth of the domestic economy is slowing down, GDP growth NKER still stood at 11.94 % 12 Conditions cultural society NKER is the largest center of education - training NKER accounted for 15 % of the country's hospitals and 34 % of the hospital 's four key economic regions * Difficulties Besides the favorable side , NKER also have problems such as land fund compared with the lowest per capita in the country , population density is very high; agricultural population is quite large, land per capita agricultural low unfavorable weather , the park system 's recreation area is shrinking 2.1.2 Essential mechanisms, policy -oriented industrial development in the area of sustainable regions in the northern key economic 2.1.2.1 Mechanisms general policy In the 1991 period , the Party and the Government of Vietnam has issued many policies related industrial development in a sustainable manner System guidelines, policies and laws are relatively complete, consistent with sustainable development objectives of the country, creating a legal environment , institutions important for economic development activities in general and industrial development NKER towards sustainability in particular 2.1.2.2 The privacy policy for the northern key economic Thesis system of guidelines and policies promulgated directly related to NKER in recent years and affirmed the guidelines and policies that create an environment, an important legal basis orientation for industrial NKER towards sustainable development over a certain number of items However, given the requirements, the content development industry in a sustainable manner, the policy on no fewer still reveal the limitations and shortcomings 2.2 Assessment of the status of industrial development zone in the northern key economic sustainable way 2.2.1 The ground is mainly in the area of industrial development in the northern key economic sustainable way 2.2.1.1 Industrial zone in the northern key economic maintaining scale and high growth and relatively stable in the period 2001-2010; quality industrial growth in the region is gradually improving * In terms of value and growth rate of industrial production In 2001-2005, industrial production in NKER average increase of 16.5 % /year Industry in the period 2006-2010, the average growth 13 of 16.2 % / year Generally the period 2001-2010, the growth rate of industrial GO NKER 16.4 % average annual gain * In terms of industrial restructuring NKER - The structure of industrial products NKER industry structure is relatively consistent with the proportion of processing industry, manufacturing high and continue to rise, while the proportion of declining mining industry - The structure of industrial economic sectors In the period 2006-2009, the state industrial sector increased by 5.1 % / year, non state industry rose 19.8 % / year, industrial foreign investment increased by 21.0 % / year - The structure of local industry in the region Industry NKER concentrated mainly in Hanoi, Hai Phong and Quang Ninh to 79-80 % of GDP throughout the industry The industrial clusters of small and medium scale has been established at the local level, initially achieved significant accomplishments * In terms of industrial production efficiency ICOR in NKER always lower than the country Compared with the country in the period 2001-2010, NKER percentage contribution of TFP to GDP growth the highest , reaching 25.6 % * Labour productivity in industry As for the industrial sector in the region, labor productivity continued to increase from 28.3 million in 2000 increased to 37.9 million in 2005 and 62.2 million in 2009 2.2.1.2 Industrial development zone in the northern key economic step by step to ensure harmony with the requirements of sustainable development of economy , more and more confirmed key role in contributing to the development of the economy general and of the northern key economic in particular Industry has really become a major driving force to promote economic restructuring and plays a decisive role in regional economic growth Besides, the growth in the industry has made a great impact in the development of the system of economic infrastructure - of the local society and contribute significantly to exports to regional and water 2.2.1.3 The industrial enterprises in key economic areas Tonkin was aware of the importance , boldly applying cleaner production measures and the first step to bring about positive results in the efficient use of resources and savings in fuel and raw material production The industrial enterprises in NKER forefront of 14 implementing cleaner production activities and was initially brought remarkable effect when reduced consumption of fuel and raw material in the manufacture of products career 2.2.1.4 Industrial development has created more jobs, promote labor mobility process, contributing to increased incomes and improve living standards for workers and reduce poverty in rural areas in provinces the key economic region of Tonkin Through industrial development, NKER have solved a large volume jobs and reduce the unemployment rate nghiep.Toc growth of industrial labor in the region reached 20.2 % / year in the period 2004-2009 The life of industrial workers in the area have been gradually improved 2.2.2 The limited industrial development in a sustainable way in the northern key economic 2.2.2.1 Industrial growth NKER not commensurate with its role as the growth engine of the country and vulnerable external shocks GO growth of the industry was lower than the average growth rate of GO Red River Delta region in the period 2001-2010 ( 17.6 % ) Besides, under the impact of the global economic downturn, NKER industry witnessed a gradual decline in the growth rate since 2009 2.2.2.2 Industrial growth model remains at a low level, NKER industry has developed in width, relying mainly on the contribution of capital factors, labor productivity, industrial efficiency, cost value added in the industrial growth slows and tends to decrease The percentage of VA / GO NKER gradually decreased ( 26.9 % in 2005 and 24 % in 2009 ) The growth rate of the labor productivity are not, there is a downward trend and no breakthroughs in the whole country ICOR in the region increased from 4.6 in 2001 to 5.3 in 2008 Structure contribution of TFP to GDP growth in the region was lower than the average of developing countries from the year 1955 to 1973 2.2.2.3 Supporting industries in the northern key economic underdeveloped According to JETRO, the localization rate of the Japanese manufacturers in Vietnam is only 22.6 %, while this rate in Malaysia and Thailand is 45 % This shows that Vietnam's supporting industries in general, in particular NKER still underdeveloped 15 2.2.2.4 Impact on reducing the deficit in the trade of industrial exports remain weak; system infrastructure - economic society are poor and can not meet the development needs NKER have large trade deficit, accounting for 75 % of the total trade deficit of the country in 2008 and has tended to increase System traffic infrastructure in poor areas; system amusement parks in the region are shrinking; school system , the hospital did not meet the actual needs 2.2.2.5 Industrial development is continuing depletion of natural resources and environmental pollution, environmental protection did not meet the practical requirements Resource loss during mining of NKER very large, especially in underground mines, mines under local management Industrial wastewater pollution in the region becoming more and more serious The level of air pollution in some industrial zones have repeatedly exceeded permissible standards 2.2.2.6 The restructuring of the labor in the northern key economic in recent years has been slow, the unemployment rate in rural areas due to people losing land for industrial development , increasing per capita income, standard of living physical and mental workers is low and poor The development of labor in the industrial sector has not really impressed The land for the industrial park development in the region is causing great unemployment in rural areas Salary not meet the minimum life of the employees Many businesses are not adequate to take care of the problem for workers Workers at conditional participation and enjoyment of cultural activities, sports 2.3 The cause of the problems and limitations set forth in the industrial development of the northern key economic sustainable way 2.3.1 The cause of the restrictions * Subjective reasons: First, the state management agencies and local authorities in the region are not fully aware of the requirements of sustainable development in planning and implementation of policies for industrial development Second, the lack of coordination between sectors and localities in the region in planning industrial development Third, slow growth pattern transformation, industrial development Fourth, the capacity to enforce environmental regulations and ensure the social conditions for workers is limited 16 * Objective reasons: Firstly, due to the economic growth of the country is still low compared with other countries Second, NKER industrial development in the context of requirements must be met to create jobs, reduce poverty, so the goal of environmental protection at times, where there has not been adequate attention Third, the percentage of workers not trained in areas with high , sense of discipline and behavior of industrial labor is limited, lack of skilled labor Fourth, the level of technology in the industrial production facilities in backward areas, in the technology market has not formed a real and comprehensive way 2.3.2 The issues raised in the industrial development of the northern key economic sustainable way One is, need quick solutions appropriate policies to facilitate industrial development NKER depth Second, the need to promote industrial restructuring, export promotion industrial products and participation in global value chains Third, the need to quickly finalize policies and measures to limit the loss of natural resources and environmental protection industries Fourth, should seriously solve social problems related to industrial development in the region Fifth, is necessary to improve regional development planning, industry development and distribution industry in the northern key economic region with complete and well organized management apparatus, regulating the activity link Conclusion Chapter Situation analysis of industrial development NKER shows, over the past years in the industrial scale and high growth and relatively stable in the period 2001-2012 However, besides these achievements , industrial NKER much longer manifest itself unsustainable both parties in the process of industrial development and ensuring sustainability requirements in terms of economic, social and social environment The expression is derived from objective reasons and subjective various poses an urgent issue for the industrial development of the region in a sustainable way 17 Chapter VIEWPOINT AND SOME SOLUTIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AREA ECONOMY NORTHERN FOCUS TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE 3.1 Forecast international context and impact of domestic industrial development zone in the northern key economic sustainable way 3.1.1 International Context Economic globalization , trade liberalization continues to grow in scale , level and form of expression with the positive effects and negative, opportunities and challenges are complex interwoven Consequently, the financial crisis and world economic downturn continues to obstruct the implementation of the objectives of sustainable development in Vietnam , including NKER Economic restructuring towards green growth economy based on knowledge is and will remain important content Climate change will affect the overall operation of industrial development in Vietnam in general and in particular NKER 3.1.2 Domestic context Oriented industrial development in the area of sustainable NKER was coined in the context of the market economy, socialist orientation , opening trends and extensive international integration Social and political stability , national defense , national security is maintained , the political system continues to innovate , reform , innovation continues to accelerate Vietnam continued commitment to strong and effective strategies for sustainable development in the 21st century 3.2 Viewpoint industrial development zone in the northern key economic towards sustainability 18 3.2.1 Towards sustainable development is the objective requirements throughout the development process in the industrial zone in the northern key economic This is the central idea, directing nature throughout the development process NKER industry in the future 3.2.2 Addressing the relationship between local and other regions in the area of industrial development in the northern key economic sustainable way This view has important significance in directing the work of improving the quality of industrial development planning, improving operational efficiency, coordination between local action in the region between the central agencies to the local level in the area, between the region and other regions 3.2.3 Application progress of modern science and technology, developing high-quality human resources and industrial development to support both the goal and driving force of industrial development zone in the northern key economic sustainable way This view plays a decisive role in shaping the speed and improve the quality of industrial growth as well as addressing environmental issues in industrial development 3.2.4 Ensure environmental sustainability in industrial development zone in the northern key economic sustainable way This view is deeply pragmatic and direct all activities associated with industrial development sustainable development of the environment 3.2.5 Solving harmonious social issues in industrial development zone in the northern key economic Vietnam towards sustainabilit This view stems from the goal of sustainable development of society outlined in the strategy of sustainable development in Vietnam during 2011 - 2020 and plays a key role to 19 ensure the process of industrial development in the area NKER be socially sustainable 3.3 Solutions primarily to industrial development zone in the northern key economic Vietnam towards sustainability 3.3.1 Group general solution 3.3.1.1 Continuing innovation thinking, awareness and enhance education about sustainable development in general and industrial development towards sustainability in particular This is one of the solutions is significant, crucial to the development of Vietnam in general and in particular the northern key economic region in the coming years Implementing this solution needs to focus on content , specific measures 3.3.1.2 Improving the quality of planning and management to strengthen the role of the state in industrial development in a sustainable manner in the area of key economic region of Tonkin Planning, industry development plan to harmonize the economic aspects, social and environmental benefits in view of the whole area In addition, the need to strengthen the role of the management water in the direction of industrial development in the area of sustainable NKER 3.3.1.3 Strengthening links, local coordination This is one of the solutions is an important precondition for the implementation of planned industrial development in the region 3.3.2 Group solutions to improve the speed and quality of industrial growth in the northern key economic 3.3.2.1 Industrial restructuring associated with the transformation of industrial growth in the region This is a breakthrough solution for industrial development NKER sustainable way in the future From practical for industrial development in the 20 context of domestic and international, industrial growth model in NKER are in need of adjustment and transition On the basis of converting industrial growth mode , in the area of industrial restructuring should be strong 3.3.2.2 Promote the development of supporting industries in the region SI should be facilitated rapid development on the basis of the following measures: Creating investment environment, encourage business development, the State should develop and promulgate a system of technical standards of products according to international standards 3.3.2.3 Promote the development of human resources in the industry The provinces and cities in the area to complete the planned rapid development of human resources in 2020, soon developed to serve economic development - local society, formulate policies on financial assistance programs training high-quality human resources in the region 3.3.2.4 Development of science and technology strengths in the northern key economic This is one of the solutions to enhance decision quality industrial growth, increased contribution of TFP in growth factors, to meet the requirements of sustainable development 3.3.3 Group solutions ensure environmental sustainability in industrial development zone in the northern key economic 3.3.3.1 Perform preventive policies, environmental protection in the industry Prevention of business is the most important constituent of the entire environmental protection policies The basic content is the capacity building of self-control and environmental protection initiative of the business Prevention of strategy , planning is critical to assess the environmental impact of strategic planning 21 3.3.3.2 Promoting the implementation of cleaner production strategies and industrial development in the economic environment in the northern key The implementation of cleaner production strategies in NKER need to select the appropriate step, towards a large scale with appropriate solutions, efficient and feasible Basic policy solution is more developed and diversified business environment, in order to satisfy market demand for environmental protection activities in the region and surrounding areas 3.3.3.3 Thorough handling establishments which cause serious environmental pollution The radical solution processing establishments which cause serious environmental pollution should be applied: Suspension of production or closed , relocated production facilities, technological change or replace entire sections to ensure the production of less waste , save raw materials, energy 3.3.4 Groups solutions to ensure social sustainability in industrial development zone in the northern key economic 3.3.4.1 Create jobs, raise incomes, improve working conditions of workers in the northern key economic Promote the restructuring of the local economy; Recovery and develop handicraft village tradition; There preferential loan policy, technology support, encourage industrial enterprises scaling manufacturing, building and implementation of policies and training and re-training for workers in the area; seriously implement fund unemployment benefits for workers who find career possibilities 3.3.4.2 To boost housing construction for workers The construction of housing for workers focus is indispensable requirements to ensure human resources for industrial development in the northern key economic region This solution is also important 22 to improve the quality of life for workers by enabling them to have a place to eat, place in a stable, contributing to ensuring life 3.3.4.3 Socialization activities to ensure the spiritual life of workers in the area The local NKER policies are needed to create favorable mechanisms for mobilizing social resources to invest effectively solve the pressing problems of life of workers Conclusion Chapter From the theoretical studies and practical for industrial development in a sustainable manner, on the basis of assessment of the state of industrial development NKER sustainable way over time, the predicted opportunities as well as the difficulties and challenges in the international context and put the country back At the same time, Chapter studies suggest fundamental perspective and build four solutions aimed at facilitating NKER industry towards sustainable development 23 CONCLUSION NKER position and key role in the political, economic, cultural, social, foreign affairs, security and defense of the country In recent years, industry NKER has achieved many significant accomplishments , as an important prerequisite for sustainable development of the region and the country in general However , besides these achievements , industrial NKER also potential risk of unsustainable development stems from the objective reasons and subjective different The lack of sustained expression and its causes requires quick solutions , appropriate policies to NKER industry towards sustainable development in the new stage of development On the basis of the combination of research methods , thesis made the following important issues: Codify and clarify the major theoretical issues related to industrial development in a sustainable manner In particular , the thesis has developed the concept , content and evaluation criteria for industrial development towards sustainability as a basis for evaluating industrial development NKER Vietnam The thesis research of international experience in industrial development in a sustainable way and draws lessons for NKER Vietnam On the basis of the content and criteria for evaluating industrial development towards sustainability in Chapter 1, the thesis analysis, evaluation, clarification of achievements, constraints and cause of the limitations in developing industry towards sustainability in the area NKER Vietnam 2001-2012 period On that basis, determine the issues raised need to be addressed, such as: need quick solutions appropriate policies to facilitate industrial development NKER depth; need to quickly complete friendly policies and 24 measures to limit the loss of natural resources and environmental protection industry, need to seriously addressing the social issues related to industrial development in the region; need to complete the development planning, industry development and distribution industry in the northern key economic region with complete and well organized management apparatus, regulating the activity links Thesis predicts international context, in water, in which the proposed industrial development perspective NKER Vietnam towards sustainability The thesis proposes four groups of measures primarily aimed at industrial development NKER Vietnam towards sustainability: common solutions, solutions to improve the speed and quality of industrial growth in key economic regions Tonkin solutions ensure environmental sustainability of industrial development NKER; solutions to ensure social sustainability of industrial development NKER [...]... for sustainable development in the 21st century 3.2 Viewpoint industrial development zone in the northern key economic towards sustainability 18 3.2.1 Towards sustainable development is the objective requirements throughout the development process in the industrial zone in the northern key economic This is the central idea, directing nature throughout the development process NKER industry in the future... over a certain number of items However, given the requirements, the content development industry in a sustainable manner, the policy on no fewer still reveal the limitations and shortcomings 2.2 Assessment of the status of industrial development zone in the northern key economic sustainable way 2.2.1 The ground is mainly in the area of industrial development in the northern key economic sustainable way... Improving the quality of planning and management to strengthen the role of the state in industrial development in a sustainable manner in the area of key economic region of Tonkin Planning, industry development plan to harmonize the economic aspects, social and environmental benefits in view of the whole area In addition, the need to strengthen the role of the management water in the direction of industrial... Addressing the relationship between local and other regions in the area of industrial development in the northern key economic sustainable way This view has important significance in directing the work of improving the quality of industrial development planning, improving operational efficiency, coordination between local action in the region between the central agencies to the local level in the area,... sustainable way 2.2.1.1 Industrial zone in the northern key economic maintaining scale and high growth and relatively stable in the period 2001-2010; quality industrial growth in the region is gradually improving * In terms of value and growth rate of industrial production In 2001-2005, industrial production in NKER average increase of 16.5 % /year Industry in the period 2006-2010, the average growth 13... development of the region conditions in the northern key economic 2.1.1.1 Position and role of the northern key economic NKER located in the Red River Delta region , including 7 provinces and cities Region is located, is the role of nuclear geographical motivated development - Socio - economic of the Red River Delta region and the country 2.1.1.2 Conditions outstanding development of NKER for industrial... Generally the period 2001-2010, the growth rate of industrial GO NKER 16.4 % average annual gain * In terms of industrial restructuring NKER - The structure of industrial products NKER industry structure is relatively consistent with the proportion of processing industry, manufacturing high and continue to rise, while the proportion of declining mining industry - The structure of industrial economic. .. issues in industrial development 3.2.4 Ensure environmental sustainability in industrial development zone in the northern key economic sustainable way This view is deeply pragmatic and direct all activities associated with industrial development sustainable development of the environment 3.2.5 Solving harmonious social issues in industrial development zone in the northern key economic Vietnam towards. .. towards sustainabilit This view stems from the goal of sustainable development of society outlined in the strategy of sustainable development in Vietnam during 2011 - 2020 and plays a key role to 19 ensure the process of industrial development in the area NKER be socially sustainable 3.3 Solutions primarily to industrial development zone in the northern key economic Vietnam towards sustainability 3.3.1... Group general solution 3.3.1.1 Continuing innovation thinking, awareness and enhance education about sustainable development in general and industrial development towards sustainability in particular This is one of the solutions is significant, crucial to the development of Vietnam in general and in particular the northern key economic region in the coming years Implementing this solution needs to focus