STUDENT’S BOOK @) Ha
Trang 2UNT TITLE GRAMMAR FUNöTI0NAL ENGLISH PR0NUNGIATI0N V0CABULARY
asking about a place x airforce missions (1)
abroad dynamic and stative verbs ; new duty assignments
sentence structure ‘ : ere i aircrew
simple and compound > ` inprocessing
sentences : medical facilities
free time activities military ranks
officers and NCOs
terms of service
2 Military past simple and continuous talking about memorable -ed endings recruitment and enlistment
service Present perfect experiences sentence stress (1) military career
present perfect continuous military life
likes and dislikes military service
contrast and concession
3 = Humanitarian future forms with wil making telephone calls numbers natural disasters
assistance comment, example invitations aircraft characteristics
and generalisation describing food civil-military cooperation
4 Boots on the real and unreal conditionals showing anxiety sounding firm and cheokpoints ground reported speech reacting to news sounding angry interpreters
referencing words sentence stress (2) homecoming
5 Leaders and past perfect and past describing people linking leadership qualities
leadership simple telling stories tactical tasks (1)
past conditional sentences military history
6 Exercise reported questions asking for information emphasis air force missions (2)
Gallant Eagle and instructions confirming and clarifying information communications
giving instructions problems
Trang 3
GRAMMAR FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION V0CABULARY
ae defining and non-defining - describing and defining active listening buildings and facilities
Engineers relative clauses telling funny stories compound nouns ona military base
describing military units engineer tasks engineer equipment assigned and attached types of uniform army traditions
8 Media to infinitive / -ing forms praising sentence stress with underfire
operations vague language extreme adjective military-media relations
clauses introduced and adverbs
by that
9 Desert Storm past habits asking and answering questions in used to operation orders
`: adverbs in conditional briefings artillery missions
a clauses tactical tasks (2)
camp conditions rest and relaxation
= laws of armed conflict
a 0 Working group time clauses writing correspondence liaison e-mails
opening remarks in meetings hospitality
participating in meetings formal receptions
entertaining guests computing terms
thanking people for their hospitality
a Special ‘Air reporting verbs in assumptions reductions in oe operations
Ề Service the passive issuing orders questions
= z clauses of reason asking and giving advice TC
T——m
12 eae te conclusions - order of battle UN peace support operations
coalition — — œsÐandefeot ane military symbols
ie ` gestures and local cultural
= knowledge
military doctrine
Trang 4
Assignment abroad New orders Task 1 Work in pairs Talk about someone you know who is currently serving abroad Say
1 his / her rank, name and service 2 what his / her job is
3 where he / she is deployed 4 how long he / she is there for
Reading Task2 Read the first part of the orders and answer the questions
1 What is Joaquim Ribeiro’s rank? 3 Where is his permanent base? 2 Which service does he belong to? 4 Whatis the name of his unit?
WRITTEN ORDERS TEMPORARY DUTY ASSIGNMENT AA
NAME: Joaquim Ribeiro
RANK: Lieutenant
PURPOSE: Crewmember C-130 H30, Portuguese Air Force tail number 6801 CREW POSITION: Flight engineer
HOME STATION: Montijo Air Base BAG, Lisbon UNIT: 501 Transport Squadron ‘The Bisons’
1 Inclusive Dates: 4 July - 6 January On or about 4 July, you are to proceed from Base A6 (Montijo, Portugal) to Incirlik Air Base (AB), Turkey
2 Mission Purpose: Six month rotation to provide airlift support to forces
in the Middle East with a base of operations located at Incirlik Air Base
3 Mission Team: Mission includes standard air crew of five: two pilots,
one flight engineer, one navigator and load master a Primary Mission:
Execute tactical air transport operations
b Secondary Air Missions:
(1) Execute search and rescue operations (2) Execute general air transport operations
(3) Execute medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) operations
| Deployed Chain of Command: Aircraft captain and aircrew will report to the Commander 728th Airlift Support Squadron, 39th Operations Group, 39th Wing, Incirlik AB, Turkey for command and control of missions
during the rotation
Arrival Procedures Upon arrival, clear Turkish customs and report to the 39th Operations Group administrative support staff They will
provide a permanent gate pass and schedule inprocessing and |
orientation briefings W0RLD ENELISH
Now read the rest of the orders and answer the questions
When will he travel?
Where is Joaquim Ribeiro’s new assignment? How long is the temporary duty assignment?
What are his duties there?
Who will he report to when he arrives at his new duty station?
aArONne
Trang 5Speaking Speaking
Task 3 Work in pairs Answer the questions
1 Who decides on new postings in your country’s armed forces?
2 How do you find out about new postings? 3 Do you have any choice over your postings?
Task 4 Label the pictures Use these words flight engineer loadmaster navigator pilot Now match the jobs with the descriptions Lieutenant Joaquim Ribeiro, (1) flight engineer
Performs aircraft inspections and emergency maintenance Maintains the aircraft records Operates the engine controls and monitors the aircraft systems
Captain Marco Barciela (aircraft commander), (2)
Plans and prepares the mission Files a flight plan and briefs the crew Ensures that pre-flight and post-flight checks are carried out Pilots the aircraft and commands the
crew
Technical Sergeant Barbara Duarte, (3)
Reviews the cargo manifest Supervises aircraft loading, off loading and airdrops Checks cargo, passengers and troops against the manifest
Second Lieutenant Hugo Moura, (4)
Reviews the mission, intelligence and weathes information Assists the pilot in
preparing the flight plan and briefing the crew Navigates the aircraft
Task 5 Read the text again and find a word that means
1 adocument that includes all the details of a flight
2 aninspection that is carried out before an aircraft takes off 3 an inspection that is carried out after an aircraft lands
4 adocument with all the details of passengers and cargo carried on board an aircraft
5 supplies, vehicles and equipment transported on board an aircraft Language tactics Collocations — job tasks
Task 6 Complete the table Use these words verbs nouns adjectives
Performs aircraft inspections and emergency maintenance
Checks cargo, passengers and troops against the manifest
They will provide a permanent gate pass
combinations of nouns command and control; search and rescue
Now read the text in task 4 again and find the nouns that go together with
1 brief 4 check 7 command
2_ maintain 5_ monitor 8_ perform
6 TeView 9 supervise
Task 7 Describe your responsibilities at work
Trang 60rientation briefing Task 1 Work in pairs Say what you try to find out before you report to a new duty station Listening
tt Task 2 Listen to a briefing and order the topics
1 Exercise Gallant Eagle %
2 The mission of the air base wing at Incirlik 3 Appropriate dress and behaviour off-base
4 Personnel stationed at the air base 5 Facilities for aircraft
t1 Now listen again and complete the notes
£ cee ray ait a ° ¢ er
Orientation briefing by (1) Appointment: (2)
Incirlik Air Base
- Home to the (3) - Air Base Wing
Mission
+ To help protect (4) om interests in the Southern Region — -
~ To provide a staging and operational air base for wartime — operations and (5) including peace support operations Permanently assigned aircraft -'(6) Facilities ;
- Length of main runway (7)
Pronunciation Contractions and full forms
(2}@ Task 3 Listen and count the syllables in the underlined words there aren’t any permanently assigned aircraft here at Incirlik
tight fitting clothes are not recommended for wear off-base We're currently preparing for Exercise Gallant Eagle
Failure is not an option
(21@ Now listen again and practise saying the full forms for emphasis
Trang 7Speaking Grammar Writing bravo Task 4 Work in pairs Describe the base where you currently work Talk about W0RLD ENELISH
1 thelocation of the base
2 major units stationed at the base
3 the number of personnel who work there UK LS 4 facilities available on base RAF stati Air bast
Review of present tenses
Task 5 Study the examples
we provide a staging and operational air base to project airpower
We use the present simple tense to talk about facts, habits and regular actions, states and opinions When we talk about regular actions, we often use adverbs of frequency and time expressions like on Fridays, every month and twice a year the wing is currently working hard to ensure the success of the mission
We use the present continuous to talk about actions that are currently in progress We often use time expressions like at this moment, currently and right now
the strategic importance of Incirlik is constantly growing
We also use the present continuous to talk about change and development Dynamic and stative verbs
Task 6 Study the examples
I know you are interested in collecting your travel pay I now want to introduce you to your next briefer
Verbs that describe an action are called dynamic verbs Verbs that describe a state
are called stative verbs We do not usually use stative verbs with continuous tenses Common stative verbs include be, belong, consist of, include, know, like, see,
understand, want, wish
Task 7 Choose the best alternative to complete the sentences
This morning, (1) I want | am wanting to brief you on our medical services here at Incirlik These (2) consist | are consisting of routine medical treatment, a dental clinic
and a Health and Wellness Center The clinic (3) serves | is serving military personnel
stationed at Incirlik and their family members We (4) currently expand | are currently expanding the services we offer however, for some services we refer patients to the
local Turkish hospitals
Both the hospital and dental clinic (5) operate | are operating by appointment
Emergency room services are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week In the Health and Wellness Center, we (6) currently plan | are currently planning
programmes in fitness orientation, healthy cooking and weight loss If you are
interested in any of these programs, (7) I have | am having Master Sergeant Candice Parks with me this morning Candice (8) sits | is sitting at the back of the room and I
know she'll be delighted to give you more information
1(9) hope | am hoping my part of this morning’s briefing has helped you to understand what we can do for you during your stay here at Incirlik This (10) concludes | is concluding my briefing Are there any questions?
{3}@ Now listen and check your answers
Task 8 Write about a recreation or health facility at your base Write about 1 the purpose of the facility 2 who can use it
Trang 8charlie Functional English Speaking signment abroad 8 TDY to Incirlik Task 1 Work in pairs Say what you try to find out about a country before you go on a trip Listening
(4)@ Task 2 Listen to the first part of a conversation and write 1 where the conversation takes place
2 where the man is stationed
3 why the man was absent from his duty station 4 why he is returning to his duty station now
(5]@ Now listen to the rest of the conversation and answer true or false
The woman has never been to Turkey before
The best place to buy souvenirs is on base Most shops accept only Turkish Lira
The best place to change money is on base
The market stalls accept credit cards
The dining facilities on base serve American food G@ Ơi GB Asking about a place
Task 3 Study the examples Is this your first time in Incirlik?
What's Incirlik like?
What's the nearest town to the base?
Do you know where I can buy some souvenirs? What currency is used?
Where's the best place to change money? Is English spoken much there?
What kind of food do they serve there
Now match the questions with the answers
Do you mean the base or the local area?
Incirlik village — that’s just outside the base
Probably at the finance office on the base
Sure, most TDY folks go to shop on the local economy in Incirlik
The local currency in Turkey is the Turkish Lira but most shops accept dollars or
euros
6 Yes itis In fact, it’s my first time in Turkey 7 You can get by in English with no problem 8 You mean, at the base or in the local restaurants?
akon
(5]@ Task 4 Listen again to track 5 and check your answers
Task 5 Work in pairs Write a similar conversation between you and a visitor to your
country
Now practise the conversation
Trang 9&
bể
Reading Task7 Read the text and complete the chart Use these words
American food beaches castle fishing hiking shopping mountain climbing water sports movies in English museum nightlife souvenir shopping
Yilankale aoe MCE Karatas Adana Yamurtalik - Pozantt (Camlik National Le Dann 39TH AIR F0RDE WING TRAVEL 0FFIbE
IF YOU ARE LOOKING to get away for a day, a popular place to start is Yilankale or Snake Castle About a 20-minute drive from the base, Yilankale was built during the crusades and is an excellent example of military architecture Another interesting place to visit is the seaside town of Kizkalesi,
about 75 km east of Mersin The town is named after a castle 150 meters offshore
If you want sun, sea and relaxation, head for the beautiful beaches on the Mediterranean coast The closest beach resorts are Karatas (50 km) and Yamurtalik (84 km), the latter is especially interesting for the ancient harbor castle and the nearby nature reserve Mersin is a city that offers modern shopping, popular American-style restaurants and great nightlife
If beaches are not your thing, check out the city of Adana With a population of over one million, Adana is the fourth largest city in Turkey In Old Adana you can find fruit and fish markets, carpet and brass stores, a gold market and a covered bazaar New Adana is quite different and offers nightlife, modern shopping malls, American pizza and hamburger restaurants, and movie theaters that show films in English For a romantic view of Adana, check out the tea houses and restaurants alongside the Seyhan Dam Lake Adana is also a great place for historical buildings Especially worth seeing is the 16th century Great Mosque (Ulu Camii), the clock-tower and the stone bridge Also check out the Archaeological Museum The museum building itself is interesting since it was built as a church by the crusaders
Sports enthusiasts will find plenty of activities in the area around Incirlik Water sports are popular on the coastline around Karatas and Yamurtalik and include yachting, rowing, water-skiing, snorkelling and swimming There are a number of good mountain climbing routes near Yilankale and check out the beautiful Toros Mountains around Pozanti for hiking For fishing try Gamlik
National Park 30 km southwest of Adana Now say where you would go for a weekend
Language tactics — Learning words in groups
Task 8 When you learn new words, organise the words in groups and by topic Complete the table Use these words
bazaar church clock tower mall market mosque rowing snorkelling store water-skiing yachting
places t0 g0 sh0pping religious and historical buildings — watersports
Writing Task 9 Write a list of suggestions for things to do or places to visit for a group of foreign military personnel visiting your base for two days
Now work in pairs Compare your suggestions and plan a route for an afternoon trip
ort)
Trang 10
delta
Officers and Non-coms
Task 1 Put the ranks in order US Army Captain US Army PFC Ø Ơi B G Na Reading SG Ơ GB
US Air Force Chief Master Sergeant US Air Force Lieutenant General
US Air Force Lieutenant Colonel US Army Brigadier General
All NCOs first serve as junior enlisted personnel
Promotion to a higher rank depends on merit
All officers first serve as enlisted soldiers, sailors or airmen
Commissioned officers have complete authority over NCOs
Junior enlisted personnel salute NCOs
Marriage between officers and enlisted personnel i is prohibited Task 2 Answer true or false for your country’s armed forces
Now read the text and answer true or false for the United States military
Working with the
United States Air Forcé
— Officers a1
The United States Air Force (USAF) divides personnel into enlisted ranks and officer ranks The
enlisted ranks are further divided into Airmen and Non-commissioned Officers - the Air Force’s mid- level supervisors All NCOs are promoted from junior enlisted ranks The first level of NCO rank is
Staff Sergeant and promotion to this rank, as well as further promotion, is based on a recommendation from an airman’s commander plus points awarded
for time in service, time in grade, performance
reports, decorations and the results of examinations
Commissioned officers provide management and
leadership in their area of responsibility Officers hold the highest ranks in the military and they
receive their commission from the President Every
year, the Air Force selects a number of enlisted
members for officer training but most officers come
from the Air Force Academy or from a civilian
university In a similar way to NCOs, the promotion of officers depends on merit
Commissioned officers outrank all enlisted personnel and even a recently commissioned second lieutenant officially outranks the Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force However, in practise junior officers normally only exercise authority over
direct subordinates in their chain of command For
Assignment abroad 10
enlisted perso |
example, because the squadron first sergeant reports directly to the squadron commander, a
lieutenant would not normally give orders to this NCO
Enlisted personnel salute all commissioned officers and commissioned officers salute their
superiors The salute is a sign of respect towards the officer’s commission and is generally accompanied by a polite greeting The officer returns the salute
and will generally offer a similar greeting Enlisted
personnel do not normally salute each other The Air Force has strict rules about the conduct of
officers and enlisted members Close personal
relationships and business relationships between officers and enlisted members are prohibited These
relations are known as fraternization and the penalties for officers can be severe, including court martial and separation from the service
Trang 11W0RLD ENELISH §peaking Grammar Writing delta
Task 3 Find words in the text that mean
1 the number of years or months that an airman, NCO or officer has served in the
air force
the amount of time that an airman, NCO or officer has held a particular rank
to hold a higher rank than another service member
prohibited relationships between officers and enlisted members a military court that tries people accused of breaking military law voluntary or involuntary discharge from the armed forces
G@
Ơi
G
RÓ
Task 4 Describe the differences between officers, NCOs and other enlisted personnel in your country’s armed forces
Simple and compound sentences
Task 5 Study the examples
Commissioned officers provide management and leadership in their area of responsibility
| v JL v v v
noun group verbgroup noungroup complement
A simple sentence has one independent clause An independent clause has a subject and a verb and expresses a complete idea
Officers hold the highest ranks in the military and they receive their commission from the President
| : Ll ; ]
independent clause coordinating conjunction independent clause
A compound sentence consists of two or more simple sentences joined by a coordinating conjunction like and or but
Now join the sentences with and or but
1 a _ The promotion of NCOs depends on merit b_ The promotion of officers depends on merit 2 a Officers do not have to serve as enlisted members
b Officers do have to have a university degree
3 a Officers have a university degree
b Officers receive a commission from the President of the United States 4 a Enlisted ranks have to salute officers
b_ Enlisted ranks don’t have to salute NCOs
5 a_ Enlisted members do not have to go to university
b Officers have to go to university
Trang 12
Report for duty
Task 1 Work in pairs Put the security classifications in order
CONFIDENTIAL RESTRICTED SECRET TOP SECRET
Reading Task2 Read the first part of the text and find the security classification
what date the message was sent
what organisation the message is sent to who the message is for
what fax number the document was sent to where the message is sent from
who sent the message the fax number of the sender the subject of the message
The total number of pages transmitted SCMmNDGTRWNH HEADQUARTERS MULTINATIONAL PEACEKEEPING BRIGADE (HQ MNPKB) ACTIVATION FAX
CLASSIFICATION: CONFIDENTIAL DATE: 17 May 2005 TO: Department of Personnel, FROM: Maj Lindberg
Ministry of Defence Planning Officer
ATTN: Col Helsing HQ MNPKB
FAX NO: + 925 521 2665 FAX NO: +48 (21) 487 978 TEL NO: +48 (21) 487 238 SUBJECT: Activation of contingency establishment personnel for HA MNPKB Total number of transmitted pages including this page: 1 MESSAGE
1 This Headquarters requests the activation of the following augmentees in accordance with the Joining Instructions for the contingency establishment of HO MNPKB:
a Colonel Saber, Deputy Chief of Staff Group 1
b Major Bassir, Public Information Officer Group 2
c Corporal Hadda, Clerk Group 2
2 These people will participate in the United Nations Mission in CAPE BOAR (UNMCB) The mission is expected to begin on 25 June 2005 All personnel will deploy unaccompanied for a period of six months
3 Group 1 personnel (Planning) are to report for duty no later than 10 June to Headquarters MNPKB These people will assist in the development of the military plan of operations before deploying into the mission area On arrival at HQ MNPKB, hotel accommodation will be arranged by this office Please note that staff are responsible for paying their
own accommodation costs
4 Group 2 personnel (Headquarters Establishment) are to report on 16 June for duty in the mission area, UNMCB, Cape Boar International Airport These people will assist in the establishment of the mission HQ in preparation for the arrival of national contingents
Air tickets have been ordered and can be picked up from local British Airways offices
0n arrival at HQ MNPKB / the mission area, staff will start to receive daily subsistence allowance
All administrative details are in accordance with contingency establishment joining instructions The HQ MNPKB point of contact is: G1 (Personnel) / Military Personnel
Trang 13WORLD ENGLISH UK tablishment uy f organ t (TORE Writing Speaking echa Now read the rest of the text and answer the questions SCNRDTRYNE
Who will participate in the United Nations Mission in Cape Boar? When will Colonel Saber report for duty?
Where will he report? What are his duties?
When will Corporal Hadda report for duty? Where will he report?
What are his duties?
How will the augmentees travel?
Task 3 Read the text again and find a word that means
orders to report for active duty
the personnel and equipment in a unit at full strength
a person temporarily attached to a headquarters during exercises and operations
and other emergencies
a tour of duty where family members are not authorised to travel with a service member
money paid to cover the cost of meals and other everyday expenses Task 4 Write a note to Colonel Saber informing him of the deployment
Task 5 Work in pairs Decide which postings you would apply for 1
A six-month unaccompanied tour of duty in a United Nations mission The
mission is likely to be dangerous but the operational experience will be good for your career Also, you will receive extra money while you are deployed
A two-year accompanied tour with your country’s embassy in London You will
be assigned to the military attaché’s office You can travel with your family and the embassy will pay for your children to attend a school in London
A one-year unaccompanied professional development course in the United States The course will help your career but you will not be able to travel with your family
A tour of duty as an instructor at an international peacekeeping school The school is located in the capital city of a country that has recently emerged from ten years
of civil war Your accommodation is in an international compound that is protected by guards and surrounded by barbed wire You have the option of
taking your family with you
Aone-year assi t to an international headquarters in Northern Ei
Trang 14Military service Joining up Task 1 Work in pairs Look at the posters and answer the questions
1 Which poster would convince you to join the military? Why? 2 Which poster would work best for recruitment in your country? Why?
MASTER THE PRESENL THE.MUD 0N MY
DOMINATE THE FUTURE FACE IS SOlk, Fñn FR0OM HOME; OUR-SOIL GL0SER T0 PERDE Task 2 Work in pairs Say why civilians join the army in your country Barry Karl Jason
For excitement and adventure
To get extra money for school or university For opportunities to travel abroad
Because they do not know what else to do To protect and serve their country Family tradition To learn a trade or skill To practise sports PNAURWNH
(6}@ Listening Task3 Listen to a conversation and tick why each speaker joined the army Now work in pairs For each speaker, say
1 what you think about their reasons for joining the military
2 if they will stay in the military
tr ® Task 4 Listen to the rest of the conversation and say who 1 is going to make a career in the military Why?
2 is making plans to leave the military Why?
Trang 15Grammar
Pronunciation
Speaking
alpha
Past simple and continuous Task 5 Study the examples
So, the next morning I went down to the recruiting office
Both my father and my grandfather were in the navy
You probably watched too many war films when you were young
We use the past simple to talk about things that happened at a definite time in the
past, over a period of time in the past and regular actions or habits in the past We
often use words and phrases like last week or yesterday to say when something, happened
They were travelling to different places, like Cyprus and Germany I was working in the local factory in town
We use the past continuous to talk about actions and events happening around a particular time in the past and to give background information
one day I was shopping with my girlfriend when I met some friends from school
We often use the past simple and past continuous tense together We use as, when
and while to link the past simple with the past continuous
Now complete the text with the verbs in brackets More than one tense is possible for some answers
It was 1995 and I (1) (do) my military service in an infantry regiment in
Madrid One day, I (2) (talk) to my company commander and I (3) (tell) him that I was a judo instructor — that’s what I (4) (do) before I joined the army So, he (5) (assign) me to teach self-defence to the military police unit My military service (6) (be) fantastic I (7) (practise) judo every day and I
(not + have) guard duty or anything like that Anyway, when my military (finish), I (10) (decide) to join as a regular soldier and I went service (9 to the NCO School in Talarn
Regular -ed endings and past participles
Task 6 Count the number of syllables in the words 1 đecide 7 play 2 decided 8 played 3 join 9 start 4 joined 10 started 5 like 11 watch 6 liked 12 watched
(8 ® Now listen and check
Task 7 Complete the rules
If the last sound of a regular verb is / /, we add /1d/ With verbs that do not end with a /d/ ora /t/ sound, the ending is pronounced / / when
the verb ends in a voiced sound or / / when the verb ends in a voiceless sound
Task 8 Work in pairs Ask your partner 1 why they decided to join the military
2 what they were doing when they took the decision 3 why they chose their service and specialisation
Trang 16172av0
A military career
Task 1 Work in pairs Answer the questions
1 At what age can young men and women join the military in your country?
2 At what age can they go on operational deployments?
3 When someone joins as a volunteer, how long is his / her contract with the
military?
4 Can service personnel leave the military when they want? 5 Do personnel stay in the same unit for all their military career?
(9}@ Listening Task 2 Listen to a conversation Answer the questions in task 1 for the British Army
{91 @ Now listen again and answer true or false
1 Private Barley was 16 when he joined up
2 He has been in the army for eight years
3 He does not intend to stay in the army 4 He will get his promotion to lance corporal
when the battalion returns to Germany
5 He has never been posted away from his
battalion
Language tactics Phrasal verbs
Task 3 We generally use phrasal verbs in less formal speaking and writing Replace the underlined words with these phrasal verbs
getout joinup putinfor signon stay on
Lt Lars: How long have you been in the military? Pt Barley: I (1) enlisted six years ago
Lt Lars: Six years And are you going to (2) continue and make the army your career?
Pt Barley: Yes, sir I’ve (3) signed a contract for the full 22 years
Lt Lars: 22 years Does that mean you can’t leave until you’ve completed 22 years?
Pt Barley: No, sir You sign on for 22 years but you can (4) leave after four years if you
don’t like it
Lt Lars: And when will you get promotion?
Pt Barley: Well, I’ve (5) applied for the next lance corporal’s course Speaking Task 4 Work in pairs Complete the sentences
1 What I found most surprising about the British Army was 2 Another really interesting thing was
3 I didn’t know that in the British Army
4 Abig difference in our country is that
(10}@ Listening Task 5 Listen to the conversation and answer the questions
1 How long has the battalion been in theatre?
2 What have the troops been doing since they arrived? 3 Has all their equipment arrived? What's missing?
4 Has Private Barley been out on patrol yet?
Trang 17Grammar _ Present perfect and present perfect continuous Task 6 Study the examples
How long have you been here?
We use the present perfect to talk about an action or event that started in the past
and continues up to the present We often use for and since
Have you ever been posted away?
WORLD ENGLISH We use the present perfect to talk about actions and experiences in the past without P P Pp P
UK saying when they happened We often use ever and never
we jU5f got Lai I’ve just got back from my first patrol
We use the present perfect to talk about something that happened in the past (often the very recent past) that has an impact on the present We often use already, yet and just
U§
† guí hack ír0Ii:
And what have you been doing since you got here? We'll, we’ve been sorting out our stores
We use the present perfect continuous to talk about an action or event that started
in the past and continues in the present The present perfect continuous emphasises that an activity or event is still in progress
Now complete the text with the verbs in brackets More than one tense is possible for some answers - ` UN0R Online Soldier in the Spotlight By 2 Lt Lars Svensson
Private Tom Barley (1) was (be) born in Manchester in the north of England in 1975 He (2) (join) the army straight out of school at 16 Private Barley (3) (be) in theatre since last December Before deploying here, his regiment (4) (train) for two months and preparing their vehicles and equipment ‘We (5 (work) very hard’ he said ‘but the preparation (6) (really + pay of)” he said
Private Barley only arrived in theatre two months ago, but (7) he
(already + learn) enough of the local language to get by ‘I work in an office with local nationals and (8) l (practise) every day’ he explained
Tom has been here for less than two weeks, but his unit has already been out on patrol
Writing Task 7 Write a short paragraph describing your career in the military Include
when you joined the military
your reasons for joining up and for choosing your specialisation basic training
any special courses you have taken
Trang 18charlie Listening Functional English Pronunciation Speaking 18
Hurry up and wait
Task 1 Say what you like best about life in the military
ae F aS
(11]@ Task 2 Listen to the first part of a conversation and answer the questions Where has the man been?
What time was his appointment?
How long was he waiting?
What did the doctor tell him to do? Why is he angry?
URONF
(12)@ Task 3 Listen to the second part of the conversation and write 1 what the speakers complain about
2 what they like about the army
(12]@ Now listen again and write the examples they give
Expressing strong likes and dislikes
Task 4 Study the examples It’s what I like best about the army
You know, for me, the best thing about the army is the friendships you make It’s one of the things that really annoys me about the military
It’s the one thing I can’t stand
The other thing that really annoys me is the paperwork
What I hate is all the time I spend in meetings and briefings
Sentence stress
(13]@ Task 5 Listen and notice how we say the sentences in task 4
{13} @ Now listen again and practise
Task 6 Work in pairs Talk about these topics and say what you like best and least about military life
Trang 19(4® Listening W0RLD ENELISH UK friend mate US pal buddy Functional English charlie
Task 7 Describe the most memorable experience you have had in the military
Task 8 Listen to a conversation Say who talks about
1 a frightening experience 2 a funny experience
Now listen again For each story write when and where the events took place
who was present what happened
what happened in the end how the speaker felt at the time
arene
Talking about memorable experiences
Task 9 Study the examples
introduction: You know, talking about helicopters I think my worst experience ever was in a helicopter
background: where? when? It was in Sierra Leone a couple of years ago
who? We were ten blokes in this army helicopter flying along at about 100 miles an hour
event: what? Then suddenly, there was this loud crash and the windshield shattered outcome: Well, we lost about 500 feet and then the co-pilot managed to pull the pilot off
the controls and take over
comment: It was probably the most frightening experience of my life The amazing thing was, it was just like people say: I saw my life flash before my eyes
Task 10 Order the paragraphs
The training officer at the camp said it was incredible that we made it back
Anyway, Dave got an immediate promotion to Lance Corporal
This soldier called Dave just took over He used our sleeping bags to make a sledge to pull the officer, got the lieutenant’s map and compass and just said Follow
me! After about six hours march, we arrived at our base camp Quite a few of the soldiers had frostbite, but we all made it — including the officer
I think one of the worst experiences I’ve ever had was in Norway last year
We were doing an adventure training exercise There were nine of us; eight
soldiers and an officer — a young second lieutenant
Anyway, we were marching through the snow and suddenly the officer just disappeared I mean, really disappeared He fell down a hole in the ice We managed to pull the officer out but he was unconscious It was freezing cold and our radio and supplies had also fallen through the ice
(15]@ Now listen to the story and check your answers
Task 11 Answer the questions and make notes about a memorable experience 1 When and where did the events take place? 4 What happened in the end? 2 Who was with you? 5 How did you feel at the time?
3 What happened? 6 Why was it memorable?
Now work in pairs Tell your partner about the experience
Trang 20Speaking Task5 Work in pairs Discuss the questions
1 Whatare the advantages and disadvantages of unit rotation?
2 Whatare the advantages and disadvantages of individual rotation?
Grammar —_ Contrast and concession
Task 6 Study the examples
Regular armies are a However, In contrast, this solution is not always good solution for rich Nevertheless, On the other | ideal for smaller nations
countries hand, Still, Though, Yet,
Regular armies area | This solution, however, in is not always ideal
good solution for rich contrast, on the for smaller nations
countries other hand, though
Conscripts are always although, but, however, regulars need longer leave
available, whereas, while periods
Although, Whereas, conscripts are always regulars need longer leave
While, available, periods
Despite paying high salaries to the British Army has
In spite of regulars, many problems getting
soldiers to re-enlist
The British Army has despite paying high salaries to
many problems getting in spite of regulars
soldiers to re-enlist
Now complete the text Use these words
although despite however inspite of while
Managing a professional army is complicated (1) experience with a conscript-based system, a country’s
Ề military and political leadership may not have the experience to manage a regular force One solution is to have
conscript soldiers and regular NCOs (2) this option is also complicated for countries that do not have a strong tradition of mid-level supervisors
(3) the problems of changing to a regular force, many countries are moving in this direction (4)
national defence remains the military's principle function, more and more troops are deploying on conting
operations that require soldiers with a range of skills (5) conscripts can be very good if they are well trained, in peace operations they are probably not as flexible as regulars
Trang 21Conscript or professional?
Task 1 Say who are regulars and who are conscripts in your country’s armed forces officers NCOs junior enlisted ranks
Reading Task 2 Work in groups Complete the chart
| SCRE arguments against
professional armed forces conscript-based armed forces Now read the text and compare your answers
When political and military leaders ask What sort of an army will
we need for the 21st Century?, the most common answer is A fully professional army Regular armies may be a good solution for large rich countries However, this solution is not always the best for smaller nations, especially countries with a developing economy The first problem is cultural and social Although a number of countries have a long tradition of voluntary service, in some societies the idea of a professional mercenary army is not widely accepted A second problem is cost Although there may be a high social cost of taking a young man out of education or work, conscript soldiers are quite cheap The
conscript accepts a lower standard of living, he is unaccompanied by his family and he needs little support The regular
soldier, by comparison, is expensive He must be paid at rates similar to the commercial world and be provided with housing and other social support Although, a country might be capable of supporting a very large conscription-based
army, it might only be able to afford a very small regular force For many countries, this will have important
consequences for their national defence
A further problem has to do with readiness and small unit cohesion Since they get little leave, conscripts are always
available for service Regular soldiers, however, require longer leave periods and will frequently be away, either on leave or on training courses In addition, many conscript-based militaries use unit rotation and replacement which results in high readiness and unit cohesion once units are formed and fully trained Many regular professional militaries, on the other hand, employ individual rotation and replacement This system means a continuous movement of personnel into and out of units and can reduce small unit cohesion and affect readiness In addition, many professional forces have problems in getting soldiers to stay on For example, the British Army, despite paying high salaries to regular soldiers, has many problems getting them to re-enlist after five years of service
Task 3 Read the text again and find a word or phrase that means
1 asystem where an entire unit moves to a theatre, completes its tour of duty and
returns home
2 asystem where a unit stays in theatre for the duration of a mission or campaign and personnel move into and out of the unit
WORLD ENGLISH
UK
kle posting According to the author
imêntal system 1 why do some societies reject the idea of professional armed forces?
Tà 2 why are conscript soldiers cheaper than regulars?
PCE ncn 3 why do conscription-based forces have fewer problems with readiness and unit
unit rotation cohesion?
Trang 22echo TT = oO [a= rr b1 kì
Exercise Cold Winter
Task 1 Complete the map key Use these words | glacier ice cliff refuge rock cliff scree
Now find these features on the map
[draw / re-entrant hill knoll ridge saddle spur steep slo
Task 2 Read the first paragraph and answer the questions
1 Whatis Exercise Cold Winter? 2 What is your role in the exercise?
Now answer the questions
How can you travel to and from the island?
What transport do the lighthouse crew members have?
How long does it normally take the lighthouse crew when they travel to Whale Bay? According to the lighthouse crew, when is it dangerous to travel?
Where you will be able to use your radio to contact the lighthouse crew?
Ơi
G
Trang 23Task 3 Work in pairs Complete the route card Route Card
Day From To ETD Distance Bearing | Speed Terrain ETA
1 lighthouse |Camp1 |0730hrs |14km NNE [4km/h |esy Œ)- he @) |Campl |Camp2 |030hm |@) km [NW 4km/h |easy 1130 hrs 6 Camp2 |@) 0730hrs |273km |SSE 4km/h [moderate |(G) hrs |
Now label the map in task 1 Use these words
camp1 camp2 daylroute day5route day 6 route Reading Task 4 Read the text and answer the questions
1 What is your approximate current position?
2 Who has had an accident?
3 Whatis the casualty’s condition?
It is 0800 hrs on March 18, day six of Exercise Cold Winter You left Camp 2 at 0730 hrs this morning and you are returning to the lighthouse along Razor Ridge Visibility is good but you can see low-lying clouds to the north and you have given instructions to move faster
You have not been able to contact the lighthouse since you left Camp 1, two days ago but suddenly you hear a faint sound from the radio The signal is weak but you hear MAYDAY MAYDAY — the international signal for distress The call is from one of the scientists at Whale Bay The man is very nervous and you have to ask him several times what has happened He tells you that two days ago, one of the scientists had an accident on a snow vehicle The woman is seriously injured with a broken leg, a head injury and several broken ribs The snow vehicle — the scientists’ only form of transport — is damaged and cannot be repaired You promise that you will do everything you can to help and you tell
him to wait for your instructions You look at your watch It is 0805 hrs
|
|
First light: Last light:
Maximum daytime temperature: Maximum night time temperature: Maximum speed on foot:
Shortest crossing of Middle Glacier: Ỉ | | | } | | |
Speaking Task 5 Work in groups Decide on your objectives Now put your objectives in order of importance
Task 6 List all the facts that can affect your plan Use these headings mission time terrain weather troops logistics and signals
Now say what conclusions you can reach
Task 7 Work in groups Decide on a course of action
Now explain your group’s plan to the rest of the class Use the format
1 situation 2 mission 3 execution
Trang 24Humanitarian assistance
id
Task 1 Work in pairs Answer the questions
1 How long do you spend on the phone each day at work / at home?
2 Do you make telephone calls in English or in another foreign language? Say who
you speak to and what you speak about
(16}@ Listening Task 2 Listen to a telephone conversation and answer the questions
Who answers the telephone? Who is calling?
Who does the caller ask to speak to?
Why doesn’t the Executive Officer transfer the call immediately? What is the purpose of the call?
What does General Crocker instruct his Executive Officer to do?
DAaNkWNH
Functional English © Making telephone calls
(16) @ Task 3 Listen again and complete the conversation
B: Good afternoon Laura This is Colonel Li, the Medical Group Commander Can you (1) to the General, please?
A: I’m sorry sir, but the Vice Commander (2) Tight now
Bz (3) wuss ? I've got some very important news
A: I'llsee if he can take your call, sir (4) ?
B: 6) , sir and I'll buzz him on the intercom C: General Crocker speaking
A: Sir, Colonel Li, the Med Group Commander is on line two, he has something urgent to discuss with you (6) or do you want me to ask him to call back later? G::0) , we're finishing our meeting Did he say what his news was?
A: Yes sir He said that he needs airlift for his mobile hospital and a medical team but
he didn’t give me any details (8) to you now, sir? Now underline the phrases the speakers use to
say that someone is busy 5 ask the purpose of a call
ask to speak to someone 6 ask if someone can take a call offer to transfer a call 7 _ say that he / she will accept a call
ask someone to hold 8 ask to interrupt someone in a meeting
RON
Trang 25
Speaking Task 4 Work in groups Practise the conversation in task 3 Task 5 Label pictures A — D Choose from these words
earthquake famine flood hurricane landslide tsunami
Task 6 Work in pairs Say what natural disasters happen in your country or region
Now say what kind of damage can be caused
(17}@ Listening Task 7 Listen to a conversation and answer the questions 1 What happened in Bam late last night?
2 What orders has Colonel Li received from headquarters? 3 What does Colonel Li request?
4 When will the medical team and equipment be ready? (171@ Now listen again and answer the questions
1 What is the casualty estimate?
2 What type of aircraft does Colonel Li request?
3 According to General Crocker, what will be the difficult
part of the mission?
4 At the end of the conversation, what does General Crocker tell the colonel to do?
Task 8 Complete the sentences Use these words heads up what’sup inshortorder good to go hit the ground hit the ground running hot 1 When we , We arrive in an area of operations If we act immediately 2 Ifsomeone or a piece of equipment is to deploy
3 When we ask ., We ask about recent events
4 When we give someone a , We give them a warning or important information 5 If we say that information i: 6 When we do something , We're ready to , that person or equipment is ready » we mean that it’s both recent and important , we do it as quickly as we can
Language tactics Idioms and metaphor
Task 9 An idiom is a phrase with a specific, often metaphorical meaning Decide
whether the underlined words are literal or metaphorical
iL The parachutist hit the ground hard He was lucky that he wasn’t injured The tough part will be when they hit the ground
This one is hot, sir I just got off the phone with Headquarters Bam is hot in the summer Temperatures can reach 40° centigrade
The sergeant told the recruits to keep their heads up during drill practice
Thanks for the heads up 2
3
z»ơ»ơs
Speaking Task 10 Work in pairs Answer the questions
1 Whatassistance are military forces able to provide during natural disasters?
2 Who are better prepared to respond to natural disasters: humanitarian
organisations or the military?
Trang 26The Ops Commander’s briefing
Task 1 Complete the table Use these words
ceiling length maximum speed payload range wingspan
97.9 feet (29.3 meters)
: 132.7 feet (39.7 meters)
: 345 mph (300 kph) at 20,000 feet (6,060 meters)
: 83,000 feet (10,000 meters) with 45,000 pounds (17,716 kilograms) payload maximum normal 86,720 pounds (16,656 kilograms)
at maximum normal payload: 1,838 miles (2,957 kilometers)
(18)@ Listening Task 2 Listen to the introduction to a briefing and say 1 whois the briefer
2 the purpose of the briefing
(19]@ Now listen to the first part of the briefing and answer the questions
1 When did the earthquake happen? 2 What was the strength of the earthquake?
3 Whatare the current estimates of the a) dead b) seriously injured c) walking wounded?
What percentage of buildings in Bam have been destroyed? What is the aircrew’s mission?
Why is the headquarters providing airlift for an NGO medical team? Why is a C-130 H30 model chosen for the mission?
"0/0 002) D800 ZULU TIME
Zulu time = Greenwich Mean Time / Universal Time Nagase
(z0 ® Task 3 Listen to the second part of the briefing and answer the questions 1 What flight preparations have already been made?
2 Whataction does the briefer instruct the aircrew to take when they enter Iranian airspace?
Why does the briefer instruct the aircrew to stay below 22,000 feet? Why will the aircrew be flying on visual?
Where will the aircraft refuel for the return flight? What time will the aircraft be launching?
anak
Trang 27
Ki ion Rapid Hope
"Load: portable field hospital, medical team of (1)
PAX from NGO Ground Control: (7)
(20) Now listen again and complete the notes
PAX (passengers) Frequencies
| pounds of JP-8 jet fuel Tower frequency: 122.1
| Range: (4) nautioal mile Departure: 244.42
Œruieing speed: mach 49 / (5) mph Tehran frequency: (8) ; AWACS: (9) Ceiling: (®) feet Pronunciation Grammar Speaking Saying numbers
(21}@ Task 4 Listen and notice how we say
military time: 1930 Zulu; 2330 hrs decimals: 6.3; 6.8 percentages: 85%; 70% distance: 1,758 nautical miles temperatures: 0°; -10° radio frequencies: 292.45; 122.1
vehicles, aircraft and equipment: C-130; KC-135
(211}@ Now listen again and practise
Future forms with will Task 5 Study the examples
There will be no ground services, nor any refuelling available on the ground All flights will avoid the runway and use the taxiways for takeoff and landings
Weather information suggests that daytime temperatures in Bam will probably be zero degrees
We use will to give facts, to give instructions and to talk about scheduled events
We also use will to make predictions, often with an adverb of probability to say
how sure we are of the prediction
You will be launching at zero four hundred Zulu tomorrow morning, July twenty-third will + be + verb + -ing
We use the future continuous to talk about an action that starts at a certain time in the future and continues over a period of time
Now complete the text with the verbs in brackets More than one tense is possible for some answers
Ladies and gentlemen, a lot of press (1) (teport) what you do tonight and the
whole world (2) (watch) you As the lead plane for Operation Provide Hope,
you (3) (be) the first foreign military flight in Iranian airspace, and more significantly, in this flight you (4) (transport) the first international medical
relief in country There (5) (be) a lot of safety hazards involved and so you
(6) (do) this one by the book!
(221@ Task 6 Listen to the briefing and check your answers
Task 7 Student A, look at File 1 Use the notes to write a briefing Student B, look at
File 1 and make questions to ask at the end of the briefing Now Student A, read out your briefing Student B, take notes on the briefing and ask questions
Trang 28(23]@ Listening Functional English Language tactics 28 OTE
The dining facility
Task 1 Work in pairs Answer the questions
1 Where can you eat at your place of work?
2 What kind of food is served?
Task 2 Listen to a conversation and
complete the chart Use these words
Command Chief Master Sergeant Doctors Without Frontiers Red Crescent Vice Commander
name appointimet name
Marie Denant ề Tom Burnell
Robert Karpinski 2 Sureyya Bilgin
(24) @ Task 3 Listen to the rest of the conversation and answer the questions 1 What does CMSgt Burnell propose?
2 Who accepts the invitation?
3 Who declines the invitation?
4 What do Sureyya and Tom agree to do?
Making, accepting and declining invitations
Task 4 Study the examples
Would you care to join us, sir? Thanks, I’d love to
thanks + accept the invitation
That's very kind, Tom but I’m afraid I really should get back to the office thanks + decline the invitation and give a reason
Now work in pairs Read track 24 and underline expressions to make, accept and decline invitations
Task 5 Decide which expressions are formal, less formal and neutral
Positive and negative answers
Task 6 We often say Thank you in replies even when the answer is negative Match
the questions with the answers
1 I’mgoing to ask Command Chief Master Sergeant Burnell to look after you 2 Would you like to have something to eat?
3 Would you mind looking after these ladies until then? a Thank you, but I’m not very hungry
b_ Notatall sỉr
c_ Thank you, but thafs really not necessary
Trang 29Speaking (25) @ Listening Functional English W0RLD ENGLISH Writing 6 charlie Task7 Student A, invite Student B to 1 go fora meal
2 have a coffee in the cafeteria
3 play billiards in the recreation center
4 watch a movie at the base theater
Student B, accept or decline the invitations
Task 8 Work in pairs Answer the questions
1 At your base, do soldiers, NCOs and officers eat in the same mess?
2 How many meals are served each day?
3 Is there a choice of meals? 4 What is your favourite meal?
Task 9 Listen to the conversation and answer true or false The dining facility only serves lunch
They serve typical American food in the dining facility Hash brown is another word for French fried potatoes The dining facility is self-service
The dining facility is only for enlisted ranks
You can choose from a full meal, the soup and salad bar or fast food DANkwWNeH Task 10 Describe the picture and guess the ingredients (26) @ Now listen to the conversation and check Describing food
Task 11 Study the examples
1 It’sakind / sort / type of bread / cake / casserole / fish / fruit / meat / stew / pasta /
vegetable
It's made with / ‘from cheese / eggs Í fruit / meat | mushrooms / rice / vegetables It’s baked / boiled / fried / grilled | roasted / steamed / stewed
It’s bitter / bland / hot / salty / savoury / sour / spicy / sweet
It’s served as a / It’s usually a dessert / main course | side dish / starter It’s typical in my country / this region / Air Force dining facilities
DAARWN
Now match the examples with the words
class cooking techniques course flavour ingredients origin Task 12 Write a description of a dish that is often served in your mess
Trang 30
— -
NGOs and the military
Task 1 Describe your experience working with humanitarian aid workers Talk about
1 the mission / emergency 2 who you worked with
3 your impressions of the people you worked with Reading On operations, Ø Ơi Ba
Task 2 Complete the sentences Write aid workers or military personnel typically deploy for a limited period of time
generally work regular hours, often 9.00 a.m to 5.00 p.m
believe that aid should be given to anyone in need
will often distribute aid to achieve political and military objectives
may be seen as combatants and targeted by warring factions or insurgents work neutrally and impartially in the local community
Now read the text and check your answers Working with NGOs Major Jeremy Ellis
SINCE THE EARLY 1990s, military forces have been increasingly involved in providing humanitarian assistance in cooperation with international organisations (IOs) and non- governmental organisations (NGOs) While it seems that these civil-military ‘marriages’ have not always been successful, the fact is that civil-military cooperation (CIMIC) is today’s and almost certainly tomorrow’s reality and that military and humanitarian aid workers simply have to learn to
get along
On operations, it is not uncommon to hear words like unprofessional, disorganised and irresponsible when the military talk about relief workers And on the other side, I've heard words such as authoritarian, inflexible and arrogant to describe the military In some cases, these stereotypes do reflect genuine differences but in my opinion they are often based on misunderstanding For example, when the military criticise aid workers for going home at five o’clock while they
are on duty 24-hours a day, they forget that their deployment
is only for a limited period but aid workers will generally spend up to three years in the same place As a rule, the theatre will be home base for aid workers and they will naturally work home base hours
While there are certainly misunderstandings and unfair
stereotypes on both sides, it is also true that there are real
differences that lead to tensions In the first place, relief workers generally believe that aid should be distributed
impartially and to the people who most need it, without
considering ethnic group, gender or faction Military
commanders, on the other hand, typically see aid as a means
to achieve their objectives For example, the military will often use aid as part of a hearts and minds campaign to win local support, in exchange for intelligence or to force belligerents to stop fighting and negotiate — from their point
of view, aid is a military tool to achieve military ends
Another source of tension clearly has to do with the increased dangers for relief workers ‘There's an implicit deal when we go out and do our work’, explains an aid worker for Doctors Without Frontiers in Afghanistan ‘Humanitarian | action remains neutral and impartial and independent And in return, belligerents do not consider us targets of war.’ According to many, this implicit deal breaks down when the military gets involved in aid distribution or when the military and aid workers are seen working together The distinction
between military forces and humanitarian organisations becomes unclear and the result, claim aid workers, has been
a significant increase in the number of personnel killed or kidnapped in recent missions — especially in places like |
Trang 31Language tactics §peaking Grammar Writing delta
Task 3 Work in pairs Read the text again and answer true or false The writer believes that
1 the military and aid workers get on well when they work together in providing humanitarian aid
2 civil-military cooperation will beeome more and more important in the future
3 problems between the military and aid workers often reflect a lack of understanding : 4 the military and humanitarian organisations have different criteria for the distribution of aid 5 many relief workers feel safer because of military involvement in humanitarian aid
Task 4 Find words and phrases in the text that mean
1 organisations which work in more than one country and are set up by agreements between governments 2 voluntary organisations that are generally independent of government and commercial interests 3 support provided to civilian agencies by a military force whose principle mission is not humanitarian 4 coordination and cooperation between the military and civilian agencies Negative prefixes
Task 5 Words with prefixes, like anti-, dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis- and un-, have a
negative meaning Underline the words with negative prefixes in the text Task 6 Give advice to a colleague who is going to work with aid workers
Comment, example and generalisation
Task 7 Study the examples
example: For example, the military will often use aid as part of a hearts and minds campaign generalisation: aid workers will generally spend up to three years in the same place comment: it is also true that there are real differences that lead to tensions
We use words and phrases like for example and generally to express our ideas in a
text
Now underline other words and expressions in the text that make personal
comments, give examples and make generalisations
Task 8 Choose one of these topics for a short article for a professional journal
1 In practice, it is not possible for humanitarian workers to remain neutral in a conflict
2 The role of the military is national defence, not to give out food or to walk children to school
3 Aid is a military tool to achieve military ends Task 9 Make a plan for the article Follow these steps
1 Decide whether you generally agree or disagree with the statement 2 Brainstorm a list of arguments that support your position
3 Choose the most important arguments that support your position 4 Find examples to support these arguments
Trang 32Language tactics Speaking Grammar Writing delta
Task 3 Work in pairs Read the text again and answer true or false The writer believes that
1 the military and aid workers get on well when they work together in providing humanitarian aid 2 civil-military cooperation will become more and more important in the future 3 problems between the military and aid workers often reflect a lack of understanding si 4 themilitary and humanitarian organisations have different criteria for the distribution of aid it 5 many relief workers feel safer because of military involvement in humanitarian aid
Task 4 Find words and phrases in the text that mean
1 organisations which work in more than one country and are set up by agreements between governments 2 voluntary organisations that are generally independent of government and commercial interests 3 support provided to civilian agencies by a military force whose principle mission is not humanitarian 4 coordination and cooperation between the military and civilian agencies Negative prefixes
Task 5 Words with prefixes, like anti-, dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis- and un-, have a
negative meaning Underline the words with negative prefixes in the text Task 6 Give advice to a colleague who is going to work with aid workers
Comment, example and generalisation
Task7 Study the examples
example: For example, the military will often use aid as part of a hearts and minds campaign generalisation: aid workers will generally spend up to three years in the same place
comment: it is also true that there are real differences that lead to tensions
We use words and phrases like for example and generally to express our ideas in a text
Now underline other words and expressions in the text that make personal comments, give examples and make generalisations
Task 8 Choose one of these topics for a short article for a professional journal 1 In practice, it is not possible for humanitarian workers to remain neutral in a
conflict
2 The role of the military is national defence, not to give out food or to walk children to school
3 Aid is a military tool to achieve military ends Task 9 Make a plan for the article Follow these steps
1 Decide whether you generally agree or disagree with the statement 2 Brainstorm a list of arguments that support your position
3 Choose the most important arguments that support your position 4 Find examples to support these arguments
Trang 33long-term food aid relocation of victims PONE Reading = Hà G
Three days ago, an earthquake measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale struck the city of Temblor The earthquake has caused tremendous damage and initial casualty estimates are 40,000 dead and another 90,000 seriously injured 80 percent of buildings have been destroyed and the civilian administration is in chaos More than 900,000 people are without fresh water, electricity, or other community
services
Even before the earthquake, the humanitarian situation
emergency medical assistance
emergency provision of food, water and shelter
Disaster in Temblor
Task 1 Work in pairs Match the disasters with the tasks droughts earthquakes tsunamis volcanic eruptions
repair and reconstruction
search and rescue
warning and evacuation disposal of dead bodies
CnNan
Task 2 Read the text and answer the questions
What natural disaster has struck the city of Temblor? What are the casualty estimates?
What damage has been caused in the city?
Why is Temblor on the edge of a major humanitarian disaster?
in Temblor was critical After four years of civil war, the region’s infrastructure and economy were in ruins Limited agriculture provided just enough food for the local population and 290,000 displaced people, living in tent cities around Temblor, were completely dependent on food aid brought in by trucks The earthquake has severely damaged the region’s infrastructure, including the bridges leading into Temblor, and no food aid is getting into the city Temblor is on the edge of a major humanitarian disaster
Task 3 Work in pairs Decide on the priorities for disaster relief and humanitarian
assistance
Now read the text and compare your answers
Twenty-four hours after the earthquake, air force C-130s began the first airdrops of emergency food and medical supplies and the priority moved to putting search and rescue and medical teams on the ground Satellite photographs showed the runway at Temblor Airport was severely damaged so transport aircraft cannot land until the runway can be repaired The idea of using helicopters has also been rejected The distance to Temblor, local weather conditions including storms and the threat of further tremors make helicopter operations both difficult and dangerous This situation is further complicated by a lack of security on the ground Local warlords have not been active since disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration (DDR) programmes began 14 months ago However, civilian relief workers have reported armed gangs in the streets and wide scale looting They have also reported that local security
forces are not able to deal with the violence
It has been decided that the best option for getting aid
MoE -
into Temblor is by road convoy The convoy will consist of trucks with food, tents, blankets and medical supplies as well as medical personnel and search and rescue teams The military component will comprise a motorised infantry battalion with an attached cavalry troop mounted in cavalry reconnaissance vehicles (CVRs) together with an engineer squadron tasked to repair both the damaged bridge outside the city and the runway at the airport
Trang 34
Task 4 Read the text again and answer the questions
Ơi
0B
What aid has already reached Temblor?
Why has the use of transport aircraft and helicopters been rejected? What is the composition of the convoy that is being sent to Temblor? Why are military engineers attached to the convoy?
Who has command of the mission?
Speaking Task 5 Work in pairs Read the text again and answer the questions
DISASTER RELIEF PLANNING CHECKLIST
1 Situation a What is the humanitarian emergency?
b What information is available about the situation?
c Is the information complete? If not, what information is missing? d How is the civilian administration coping with the situation? 2 Mission a What is the mission?
b When have you completed your mission?
3 Disaster environment a Are there any immediate environmental dangers in the disaster area? b Are there any obstacles to movement to or within the disaster area? c What are the effects of weather and climate on the disaster situation?
4 Factors affecting planning What is the situation of
a the local population d law and order
b public health e housing and shelter
¢ water and sanitation f food
5 Force Protection
a What are the potential dangers and health risks to deploying forces? b What Rules of Engagement are appropriate?
Task 6 Work in groups You have arrived in Temblor Decide your priorities and what resources you will need
Student A, you are the convoy commander You have responsibility for force protection Student B, you are from the Temblor city council Your main concern is security on the streets Student C, you are the CIMIC officer You are responsible for civil-military liaison and coordination
Student D, you are the senior UN refugee agency officer You have responsibility for humanitarian aid
Now discuss and agree upon your objectives and priorities
Trang 35Boots on the ground
Trouble at Checkpoint Bravo
Task 1 Describe a situation in which you had to negotiate Task 2 Work in pairs Write do or don’t
When negotiating,
respect local customs and address the person you are dealing with by rank take your time and be patient
interrupt the person you are negotiating with lose your temper Be firm but also tactful and polite
cause the person you are negotiating with to lose the respect of their colleagues try to understand the interests of the person you are negotiating with
G@ Ơi
G
Now add more ideas to the list
Listening © Task3 Describe the picture
27,28] @ Task 4 Listen to two conversations For each conversation, say
1 where the conversation takes place 3 how the situation ends 2 what the problem is
27,28) @ Task 5 Listen again and answer the questions
conversation 1
1 Why does the soldier refuse to let the convoy through the checkpoint?
2 What does the soldier want in exchange for letting the convoy through? 3 What does the escort commander say to the soldier to let him through? 4 Whatis the attitude of the escort commander?
conversation 2
1 Who does the escort commander want to talk to? 2 Why does the soldier refuse?
3 What does the soldier say he will do if the escort commander crosses the barrier? 4 Whatis the attitude of the escort commander?
Now say which negotiation is more successful and why
Trang 36Language tactics Pronunciation Speaking Speaking Diplomatic language (1)
Task 6 To sound more diplomatic, we use words like could, would and might and
phrases like I’m afraid or with respect We also generally avoid negative prefixes in
diplomatic language Decide which sentence is more diplomatic 1 a_ Icouldn’t do that I can’t do that 2 a Ifyouhaven’t got a pass from our Headquarters, I’m afraid I can’t let you through If you haven't got a pass from our Headquarters, I can’t let you through 3 a That's impossible
b_ That's not possible
Sounding firm and sounding angry
(29]@ Task 7 Listen and describe how the speaker sounds
I’m sorry I couldn’t do that This food is for the refugee camp in San Marcos
We are a UN convoy and we have authorisation and you have to let us through
(291 @ Now listen again and complete the chart
3 The person speaks at a normal speed
4 The person speaks very slowly
Task 8 Work in pairs Turn to track 27, conversation 1 and practise the conversation
Real and unreal conditional sentences
Task 9 Study the examples
You can't go through this checkpoint unless you have a pass present simple + unless + present simple
If you give us food from the trucks, I’Il let you through if + present simple + will / can + verb
We use real conditional sentences to talk about real or possible situations If my commander was here, you could talk to him
Tf you asked your command post, they’d tell you that UN convoys have freedom of
movement
if + past simple + could / would / might + verb
We use unreal conditionals to talk about unreal or unlikely situations We also use this structure to make a proposal diplomatically
Now work in pairs Turn to tracks 27 and 28 and underline the conditional
sentences
Task 10 Work in pairs Student A, turn to File 2 Student B, turn to File 3 Use the information to have a conversation
Trang 37(30) ® Listening Boots on the gr0und 36 Working with interpreters Task 1 Talk about a time when you worked with an interpreter
Task 2 Work in pairs Write do or don’t When working with an interpreter,
find out what the interpreter knows about the military use very technical vocabulary
assume that the person you are dealing with does not speak any English speak carefully and use short sentences
pause and give your interpreter time to translate your message say things to your interpreter like Now don’t interpret this But
AakwWnNne
Now add more ideas to the list
Task 3 Listen to the start of a conversation and say 1 where the conversation takes place
2 whoare speaking
3 what is happening
(31) @ Now listen to the rest of the conversation and order the sentences
1 The escort commander issues orders to his platoon sergeant
2 The escort commander asks the guard to speak to his commanding officer 3 The escort commander suggests a solution to the problem
Trang 38Speaking Grammar
Writing
Task 4 Answer the questions
1 Why does the guard want to inspect the vehicles?
2 What does the guard want the soldiers in the armoured vehicles to do? 3 Why does the escort commander not do what the guard wants?
4 What solution does the escort commander give? 5 What orders does the escort commander give?
(31]}@ Now listen again and check
Task 5 Work in pairs Describe a difficult or dangerous situation where you were in
charge and say how you dealt with it Reported speech
Task 6 Study the examples
reporting verb reported clause
He says you can’t go through the checkpoint today
The commander said you could go through the checkpoint but you have to let the
guard inspect the vehicles
He told me that the road is closed
He said that you’d probably be able to go through tomorrow He said he'll be about five minutes
Now complete the rules Use these words
could simple past (x3) simple present (x3) will would
1 To report what someone is saying, we can put the reporting verb either in the
sonunee tense or in the tense
2 To report what someone said in the past, we usually put the reporting verb in the
tense
3 To report a statement about the past, we change the tense in the reported clause and we change can to a
4 To report a statement about the present, we usually use the tense for the
verb in the reporting clause However, we can also use the tense to
emphasise that facts are still true
5 To report a statement about the future, we generally use also use if the reported situation still exists = However, we can
Task 7 Read the conversation and write a report for your commanding officer You
are the escort commander
guard: I’m sorry You can’t go through the checkpoint today escort commander: I have a pass signed by the commander of your divisional
headquarters
guard: The road is closed You'll probably be able to go through tomorrow
escort commander: But I have to be in San Marcos this afternoon guard: That's not my problem
escort commander: Could you please contact your commanding officer?
guard: You'll have to wait here while I talk to him
Trang 39A call home
Task 1 Work in pairs Answer the questions When you deploy abroad on operations, 1 are you able to contact your family regularly?
2 can you send letters or e-mails?
3 can you make telephone calls?
4 whatare the things that most worry your family?
(32)@ Listening Task2 Listen to the conversation and answer true or false
The news said that a number of British soldiers were injured in a bomb blast
Abomb exploded near the British base
The Royal Air Force said they had reports of British casualties
An Italian soldier was injured by a bomb blast 5
The man believes that television reports are accurate
aroOnNe
Functional English Expressing feelings (1) showing anxiety
(33] @ Task 3 Listen again and complete the conversation Jenny: Oh Rob, what a (1) you called [ was (2) +
Rob: Why?Is(3) ?
Jenny: We were (4) about you!
Rob: Jenny, what's (5 ? Just (6)
Jenny: Oh Rob Rob: Is it the kids?
Jenny: No, love (7) Rob: Just (9) going (10) and tell me what's happened
- The kids are fine I was (8) about you
and tell me what’s happened Whatever the problem is, it’s
NOW
Now say which expressions the speaker uses to
ask someone why they are afraid or worried say that they are afraid or worried
tell someone to be quiet or calm help someone feel less worried
show that they are happy because nothing has happened
aPrONe
Trang 40
Kia Prmuuet Ce
me An
Speaking Task4 Use the phrases in task 3 to write a similar conversation
(34)@ Listening Task5 Listen to the rest of the conversation and answer the questions Why is Rob calling?
What is his good news?
What is Jenny's reaction?
What is Rob’s bad news?
What is Jenny’s reaction?
Ơi
GB
(35 ® Now listen to the end of the conversation and answer true or false 1 The battalion is being posted to Cyprus
2 The tour is for six monthe
3 It will be an accompanied tour and the man’s family will go with him 4 The woman is not happy about the new posting
Functional English Expressing feelings (2) reacting to news
Task 6 Study the examples What do you think about that?
That's fantastic / That's great / wonderful news
Oh, I don't believe it They can't do that!
Come on! Cheer up!
I know just how you feel and I’m not very happy about this either It’s not the end of the world
We were all really looking forward to having you around
The kids are going to be so excited about living in Cyprus
Now say which expressions the speaker uses to
react to bad news
react to good news
ask someone for their reaction to news say they feel the same way
express excitement about future plans
persuade someone to look at the positive side of news
Ø
Ơi
B0
Đa
Pronunciation Sentence stress (2)
(36 @® Task 7 Listen and underline the stressed words
Oh, that’s wonderful news The kids are going to so happy I don't believe it They can’t do that!
(36 @ Now listen again and practise
Speaking Task 8 Work in pairs Answer the questions
1 What problems do families experience when a service member is away on an operational tour?
2 What do you most look forward to when you come home after a time away?