Phân Tích SGK TA 12 hệ 3 năm

LESSON ONE Lesson one Job and employment Grammar - Gerund - Present and past participle used as adjectives Communicative function(s) Talking about likes and dislikes Tips for learners I Grammar Gerund (V-ing) S + start + V- ing begin enjoy like love dislike hate can’t stand avoid give up finish don’t mind / doesn’t mind S + Be + busy with interested in bored with tired of fed up with She likes getting up early She enjoys watching TV in the morning She hates cooking She doesn’t mind doing homework + V-ing She’s busy with her housework She’s fed up with doing the same thing everyday She’s bored with washing the dishes Present and past participles used as adjectives: Present participle (V-ing): S (thường vật) + Be + V-ing S + V + (a/an) + V-ing + Danh từ vật Thường nói đến vật/sự việc tác động vật/sự việc lên cảm xúc/trạng thái người Ex: The book is interesting It’s an interesting book Past participle (V-ed): S (thường người) + Be + Ved Cảm xúc/trạng thái người Ex: I’m interested in the book Verb (to) amuse (to) interest (to) excite (to) bore (to) tire (to) surprise (to) worry (to) frighten (to) please Ex: Chú ý: Present participle amusing interesting (to) exciting boring tiring surprising worrying frightening pleasing Past participle amused (by) interested (in) excited (about) bored (with) tired (of) surprised (at) worried (about) frightened (of) pleased (with) The clown is amusing Everyone is amused by the clown Phân biệt: He’s boring He’s bored II Communicative functions: Talking about likes and dislikes OR: A: What you like doing every day? B: I like watching TV Watching TV is my favourite pastime OR A: Do you mind living on your own? B: No, I don’t mind at all I’m afraid of living on my own III Vocabulary: Word related to jobs: In Britain, a lot of people are out of work today I’m unemployed So I get my unemployment benefit every week I’m fed up with queuing for getting the unemployment benefit every Thursday My mum gives me a couple of pounds for tights now and then I want to apply for a job / I want to apply TO that company I’ve almost given up looking for a job I’m tired of looking through the ‘Situation Vacant’ column There are 50 applicants for every job I’m afraid of living on my own in a big city Other words/phrases: would rather + V0 be able to + V0 (to) look after (the children) I’d rather study than (do) anything else I haven’t been able to find a job yet She’s tired of looking after her children LESSON TWO Lesson two Leisure time Grammar - Gerund - Compound noun - Wh-question Communicative function (s) Talking about likes and dislikes Tips for learners I Grammar Gerund (V-ing) (cont) S + stop + V- ing S + Be + fond of Compound nouns: They stopped shouting + V-ing I’m fond of fishing (a/an) + Noun + for + V-ing → (a/an) + V-ing + Noun A lamp for reading → a reading lamp A rod for fishing → a fishing rod A machine for washing → a washing machine A pool for swimming → a swimming pool A pair of boots for hiking → a pair of hiking boots A pair of shoes for dancing → a pair of dancing shoes Some paper for wrapping → wrapping paper Some paper for writing → writing paper Some apples for cooing → cooking apples Wh-question Wh-words: what, who, whom, which, when, where, why, how, Wh-word + be + S / C ? What is her hobby? Wh-word + Vaux + S + Vmain ? What does she like? Wh-word + Vmain (+ O) ? What did his friends say? II Communicative functions: Talk about likes and dislikes A: How you like spending your free time? B: I like reading books in my free time A: Are you fond of lying in the sun reading a book? B: Not really I don’t like reading I’d rather swim III Vocabulary My hobby is sky-diving Fishing is my favourite pastime I’m fond of fishing She’s afraid of being taken away by the strong winds He spends hours on the river without catching anything She spends thirty minutes doing the homework Members of the groups Lê Thị Thuỳ Linh – THPT Đại Ngãi Huỳnh Thị Mỹ Châu – THPT Đại Ngãi Nguyễn Phan Hoài Dung – THPT Lê Văn Tám Trần Thị Bích Thuỷ - THPT Mai Thanh Thế Trịnh Thị Nhàn – THPT Mai Thanh Thế Nguyễn Thị Thu- Trường THPT Mỹ Xuyên Nguyễn Thị Ly- Trường THPT An Ninh LESSON THREE Lesson three Famous places Grammar - Comparison - Relative pronoun ‘Which’ Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar Comparison: Comparative Degree a Short- adj/ adv adj/ adv + -er + than Ex: taller, larger, cooler, hotter, harder - The North is cooler than the South * Notes: + good / well better ; bad / badly worse; + adjectives end in “ -y”, “-er ”, “- ow ” + ER Ex: happy happier; lazy lazier, clever - Lan studies better than Mai She works harder - Nam is lazier than Ba cleverer b Long- adj/ adv more + adj /adv + than Ex: more beautiful, more industrial, more carefully, - The North is more industrial than the South - My father drives more carefully than my brother Relative pronoun WHICH: Ex: • One thing about London / which every visitor admires / is the large number of parks • The parks are lungs of London / which are like green islands of peace • Hyde Park has the Serpentine, which is a good place for swimming • St James’s Park boasts a truly elegant lake / on which live a great variety of wild ducks Chú ý học từ in nghiêng câu Compound nouns: (a/an) + Noun + Noun A boy learning at school A pot to contain ink A cup to contain tea → a schoolboy → an inkpot → a teacup II Vocabulary The North can be characterized as hillier and more working-class The South is more suburban, flatter and healthier People in the North speak more directly and honestly than people in the South People in the South treat women more equally than people in the North The old buildings shake to the roar of buses The streets are crowded with a population which has no interest in learning Members of the groups Trần Lệ Quyền Trường THPT Lê Lợi Lê Thị Bảo Khuyên Trường THPT Phan Văn Hùng Hà Ngọc Uyển Trường THPT Phan Văn Hùng Nguyễn Văn Tín Trường THPT Thạnh Tân LESSON FOUR Lesson four Languages Grammar - Relative pronoun: WHICH - Cleft sentences: It’s + ……… + that… Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar Relative Pronoun: WHICH Ex: They spoke a Germanic language which forms the basis of modern English I am going to watch “the English language” programme which will be on at Next to Celtic languages was Latin, which was the language of government from 43BC to about AD410 It’s + ……… + that…… Ex: The pronunciation causes me a lot of difficulties → It is the pronunciation that causes me a lot of difficulties → The English articles and phrasal verbs puzzle me most It is the English articles and phrasal verbs that puzzle me most II Vocabulary - Học từ đất nước ngôn ngữ: England – English (Exercise 4, page 31) - Approximately 350 million people speak English as their first language - About the same number use it as a second language - It is the English language that is used as an official language in 44 countries LESSON SIX Lesson six Famous people Grammar - Simple past - Relative pronoun: WHO - Relative adverb: WHERE Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar Simple past: S + V2/ed S + didn’t + V0 Did + S + V0 …? Ex: I met my friend yesterday She was at home hours ago They didn’t go to Can Tho city last week Mark Twain was born in 1835 Elvis Presley was born on January 8th, 1935 Relative Pronoun: WHO Ex: This is the man who teaches me These are the people who teach me This is John, who teaches me He met many of his old friends who often encouraged him in his career The man who guided Elvis’s career was Tom Parker Relative Adverb: WHERE Ex: This is the house Shakespeare was born there → This is the house where Shakespeare was born → This is the library He used to spend his evenings there This is the library where he used to spend his evenings II Vocabulary He went to work as a driver He returned to America in 1919 He began his writing career in 1922 and settled in Paris in the same year Elvis Presley grew up in poor home but his parents were kind and loving Another book, “Life on the Mississippi”, told of his adventures on the river boats of that period He was working as a newspaper man at that time She had great influence on his books He had fallen in love with her He gave talks on a variety of subjects Twain’s books provide his readers with an excellent picture of his era LESSON SEVEN Lesson seven Future Grammar - Simple future - It’s likely that + S + will + V Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar Simple future: S + Will + V0 S + won’t + V0 Will + S + V0? Ex: Will our life be better in the future than it is now? People will live longer It is likely that we will still have to put up with noise, overcrowding and bad air Other time expressions: tomorrow, next week/year ; in 2012, in the year 2012, in two years/three days, in two years/three days from now II Vocabulary Robots will take over most jobs in the manufacturing industries Working hours will fall to under 30 hours a week Men and women will retire at the same age What will man be like in the future? We can only make a guess Man will be different from what he is today In the modern world, we use our brain a great deal On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs In the future, both sexes are likely to be bald LESSON EIGHT Lesson eight Scientists Grammar - Relative pronoun: WHOSE Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar Relative Pronoun: WHOSE Ex: Michael Faraday, whose name is famous in the history of electricity, was an English scientist He had a father whose hard work could hardly feed the family He met Professor Humphry Davy whose lectures helped him in his later discoveries Đổi từ WHO + V sang WHOSE + NOUN + OF … (Exercise 2, page 59) Ex: Marie Curie, who discovered radium, was a famous French physicist → Marie Curie, whose discovery of radium made her famous, was a French physicist II Vocabulary Theory of gravitation is well-known throughout the world His mother, uncle and grandmother took care of him Newton was more of a mechanic than a scholar He made a clock which worked by water He became interested in mathematics and physics His first physical experiment was carried out in 1658 He studied mathematics and soon became famous at the age of 21 He was appointed professor Chú ý Exercise (page 61) 10 LESSON NINE Lesson nine Space and energy Grammar - If clause: 1st conditional - Unless = If not Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar 1st Conditional Sentences : Ex: If + S + V present , S + will + V0 can may If you let an object off your hand, it will certainly fall Unless = If not Ex: Life on earth will be destroyed if nuclear tests not stop → Life on earth will be destroyed unless nuclear tests stop Unless we can find new sources of energy, our life will certainly be destroyed → If we cannot find new sources of energy, our life will certainly be destroyed Chú ý Exercises and (page 67) II Vocabulary Gravity is the force of the earth to attract everything towards its center Our present sources of energy will soon end Many people believe that solar energy will be our main source of energy in the future If this is true, then our fear will be over All our forests will be destroyed if we nothing to preserve them If you can visit Mercury, you will find it a strange world Mercury is the coldest as well as the hottest of the planets A yearly journal A daily paper A monthly meeting A weekly journey the lighted side of the planet the fixed end of the rope Chú ý Exercise (page 68) 11 LESSON ELEVEN Lesson eleven Health Grammar - If clause: 2nd conditional - Present perfect - Present perfect continuous Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar 2nd Conditional Sentences : If + S + V past , S + would + V0 could might Chú ý: với To Be: dùng WERE cho tất Ex: If she were years younger, she would play tennis If we could find out the remedy, we would save thousands of people’s lives Ex: She is too old, she can’t go bushwalking → If she were younger, she would go bushwalking Chú ý: Exercises (page 83) Present Perfect: S + Have/Has + V3 S + Haven’t / Hasn’t + V3 Have / Has + S + V3 ? Ex: One of the worst diseases that mankind has ever had is cancer Up to now, scientists and doctors haven’t been very successful Time expressions: ever, never, yet, already, just, before, so far, up to now, recently, lately, since, for… Present Perfect Continuous: S + Have/Has + Been + V-ing S + Haven’t / Hasn’t + Been + V-ing Have / Has + S + Been + V-ing? Ex: Scientists and doctors have been working very hard in order to find out a remedy to cure cancer II Vocabulary She usually smokes 20 cigarettes a day She never goes out into fresh air except to some shopping 12 She is overweight Heart disease causes death in many developing countries Overeating and physical inactivity add to the causes of several of these killing diseases Some people cannot get rid of habits harmful to their health Some people are able to make good advances in the prevention of diseases Harm → harmful Succeed (in) → successful (in) Help → helpful Meaning → meaningful Use → useful Thank → thankful (Chú ý Exericse – page 86) 13 LESSON TWELVE Lesson twelve Farmers’ life Grammar - If clause: 3rd conditional - Compound nouns: (a/an) Noun – Ving + Noun Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar 3rd Conditional Sentences : If + S + Had + V3 , S + Would + Have + V3 Could Might Ex: There would have been a good crop here if a storm had not swept through The farm would have bought more machines if the crop had not been a failure Chú ý: Exercises and (page 92) Compound nouns: (a/an) Noun – Ving + Noun Ex: This farm grows wheat → This is a wheat-growing farm Chú ý: Exercise (page 92) II Vocabulary My wife and I decided to go for a drive Suddenly black clouds covered the sun It rained so heavily that after only half an hour, everywhere was covered with water The road was flooded The car broke down 14 LESSON THIRTEEN Lesson thirteen Environment Grammar - If clause: 2nd conditional Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar 2nd Conditional Sentences : If + S + V past , S + would + V0 could might Chú ý: với To Be: dùng WERE cho tất Ex: If bacteria stopped working, all kinds of life on this planet would seem to come to an end What would our world be like if all the wild animals and wild plants vanished? Would our life still exist then? Chú ý: Exercise (page 98) II Vocabulary Those tiny organisms are called bacteria They are at work now They are very helpful to our life Wild animals are seriously threatened One species has become extinct Many hundreds are in danger Animals like the whales are thought to be in danger of extinction Marshes are being drained The tropical forests are being cut down 15 LESSON FOURTEEN Lesson fourteen Grammar - Modal perfect Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar Modal perfect: Ex: Might + Have + V3 Must + Have + V3 If you had been alive 200 years ago, and perhaps had stolen only a few loaves of bread, you might have gone to prison If you had killed someone, something far worse must have happened to you Chú ý: Exercise (page 104) and Exercises and on pages 106-108 II Vocabulary: The Great Pyramid The more important the person, the greater the tomb The Pharaohs’ toms were the largest Many of their tombs remain Some of them become one of the wonders of the world How the ancient Egyptians moved and lifted those huge blocks of stone remains a mystery Some believe that they must have used ramps Others think that they might have used hundreds of weight arms Lưu ý số điểm ngữ pháp If – Clause: Or Unless Ex: (page 78) Work hard OR you’ll fail the exams You won’t pass the exams UNLESS you work hard Used to / Be used to Adverb clauses/phrases Because, because of So that, in order to… Cleft sentences: It’s … that … Passive voice 16 Modal + V0 Conjunctions: and, but, or, so, when, while, unless, until… Determiners: few, a few, little, a little, many, much… A few, a little, much, little Phrasal verbs Look up, look after, look at… Adjective + Enough + To-V: He’s not old enough to go to school Too + Adjective + To –V: He’s too old to go to school Communicative functions: Giving/Responding to a request Giving/Responding to an invitation Giving/Responding to a compliment Giving/Responding to a suggestion Giving/Responding to an apology Giving opinions (I think, In my opinion ) Responding to a question about distance (How far?) Responding to a question about frequency (How often?) Responding to a question about likes/dislikes/hobbies or pastimes Agreeing/disagreeing 17 [...]... bushwalking Chú ý: Exercises 2 (page 83) 2 Present Perfect: S + Have/Has + V3 S + Haven’t / Hasn’t + V3 Have / Has + S + V3 ? Ex: One of the worst diseases that mankind has ever had is cancer Up to now, scientists and doctors haven’t been very successful Time expressions: ever, never, yet, already, just, before, so far, up to now, recently, lately, since, for… 3 Present Perfect Continuous: S + Have/Has... Meaning → meaningful Use → useful Thank → thankful (Chú ý Exericse 7 – page 86) 13 LESSON TWELVE Lesson twelve Farmers’ life Grammar - If clause: 3rd conditional - Compound nouns: (a/an) Noun – Ving + Noun Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar 1 3rd Conditional Sentences : If + S + Had + V3 , S + Would + Have + V3 Could Might Ex: There would have been a good crop here if a storm had not... an object off your hand, it will certainly fall 2 Unless = If not Ex: Life on earth will be destroyed if nuclear tests do not stop → Life on earth will be destroyed unless nuclear tests stop Unless we can find new sources of energy, our life will certainly be destroyed → If we cannot find new sources of energy, our life will certainly be destroyed Chú ý Exercises 3 and 4 (page 67) II Vocabulary Gravity... Grammar Modal perfect: Ex: Might + Have + V3 Must + Have + V3 If you had been alive 200 years ago, and perhaps had stolen only a few loaves of bread, you might have gone to prison If you had killed someone, something far worse must have happened to you Chú ý: Exercise 1 (page 104) and Exercises 3 and 4 on pages 106-108 II Vocabulary: The Great Pyramid The more important the person, the greater the tomb... He’s too old to go to school Communicative functions: Giving/Responding to a request Giving/Responding to an invitation Giving/Responding to a compliment Giving/Responding to a suggestion Giving/Responding to an apology Giving opinions (I think, In my opinion ) Responding to a question about distance (How far?) Responding to a question about frequency (How often?) Responding to a question about likes/dislikes/hobbies... Scientists and doctors have been working very hard in order to find out a remedy to cure cancer II Vocabulary She usually smokes 20 cigarettes a day She never goes out into fresh air except to do some shopping 12 She is overweight Heart disease causes death in many developing countries Overeating and physical inactivity add to the causes of several of these killing diseases Some people cannot get rid of habits... stopped working, all kinds of life on this planet would seem to come to an end What would our world be like if all the wild animals and wild plants vanished? Would our life still exist then? Chú ý: Exercise 3 (page 98) II Vocabulary Those tiny organisms are called bacteria They are at work now They are very helpful to our life Wild animals are seriously threatened One species has become extinct Many hundreds ... younger, she would go bushwalking Chú ý: Exercises (page 83) Present Perfect: S + Have/Has + V3 S + Haven’t / Hasn’t + V3 Have / Has + S + V3 ? Ex: One of the worst diseases that mankind has ever... expressions: tomorrow, next week/year ; in 2 012, in the year 2 012, in two years/three days, in two years/three days from now II Vocabulary Robots will take over most jobs in the manufacturing industries... page 86) 13 LESSON TWELVE Lesson twelve Farmers’ life Grammar - If clause: 3rd conditional - Compound nouns: (a/an) Noun – Ving + Noun Communicative function(s) Tips for learners I Grammar 3rd Conditional