English grammar in use 2012 vietnamese

Listening, thinking, and working Thanh Dõng, Khỏnh Nhon,17/07/2013 Unit Present Continuous A Xt tẫnh huờng sau: Ann is in her car She is on her way to work Ann ẵang ũ xe hùi Cộ ịy ẵang trón ẵừủng ẵi lm She is driving to work Cộ ịy ẵang lắi xe ẵi lm Cíu ny c nghậa l: Cộ ịy bíy giủ ẵang lắi xe Ti thủi ẵiổm ẵang ni, hnh ẵợng lắi xe chừa chịm dửt Am/is/are -ing l thẫ hiốn ti tiọp diỗn (present continuous) B I am doing something = Tội ẵang lm viốc gẫ ẵ; Tội ẵang ũ giựa thủi ẵiổm lm cộng viốc ẵ; Tội ẵ khũi sỳ v chừa hon tịt cộng viốc Thừủng thẫ hnh ẵợng ẵang xy ti thủi ẵiổm ni: Please dont make so much noise Im working (not 'I work') Xin ẵững lm ởn quắ nhừ võy Tội ẵang lm viốc Wheres Margaret? Shes having a bath. (not 'she has a bath') 'Margaret ũ ẵíu võy?' 'Cộ ịy ẵang tỉm' Lets go out now It isnt raining any more (not 'It doesn't rain') Bíy giủ chềng ta hy ẵi ngoi Trủi khộng cẻn mừa nựa (at a party) Hello, Jane Are you enjoying the party? (not 'do you enjoy') (ti mợt buỡi tiốc) Xin cho Jane Bn c thẩch buỡi tiốc ny khộng? Im tired Im going to bed now Goodnight! Tội mốt rởi Tội ẵi ngễ bíy giủ ẵíy Chềc ngễ ngon nh! Nhừng hnh ẵợng khộng nhịt thiọt xy ti thủi ẵiổm ẵang ni Vẩ dệ nhừ: Tom and Ann are talking in a cafộ Tom says: Tom v Ann ẵang ni chuyốn quắn cphó Tom ni: Im reading an interesting book at the moment Ill lend it to you when Ive finished it Lềc ny tội ẵang ẵẹc mợt quyổn sắch hay Tội sặ cho bn mừụn no tội ẵẹc xong Tom khộng ẵẹc sắch vo lềc ni vi Ann Anh ịy muờn ni l anh ịy ẵ khũi sỳ ẵẹc cuờn sắch ẵ nhừng chừa ẵẹc xong Anh ịy ẵang thủi gian ẵẹc Xem thóm mợt sờ vẩ dệ: Catherine wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian (Vo thủi ẵiổm ni c thổ cộ ịy khộng phi ẵang hẹc tiọng @) Some friends of mine are building their own house They hope it will finished before next summer Chềng ta dểng thẫ present continuous ni vồ nhựng viốc xy ti mợt khong thủi gian gòn vi lềc ni, vẩ dệ nhừ today (hộm nay), this week (tuòn ny), this evening (chiồu nay) v.v Youre working hard today. Yes, I have a lot to (not 'you work hard today') Is Susan working this week? No, shes on holiday C Chềng ta dểng thẫ present continuous ni vồ nhựng thay ẵỡi ẵang diỗn thủi gian ni: The population of the world is rising very fast (not 'rise') Dín sờ thọ gii ẵang gia tìng rịt nhanh Is your English getting better? Tiọng Anh cễa bn khắ hùn rởi chử? Unit Present Simple A Xt tẫnh huờng sau: Alex is bus driver, but now he is in bed asleep So: He is not driving a bus (He is asleep) but He drives a bus (He is a bus driver.) (Alex l mợt ti xọ lắi xe buỷt, nhừng bíy giủ anh ịy ẵang ngễ) Vẫ võy: Anh ịy khộng phi ẵang lắi xe (Anh ịy ẵang ngễ) nhừng Anh ịy lắi xe buỷt (Anh ịy l ti xọ xe buỷt) Drive(s)/Work(s)/Do(es), v.v l thẫ present simple (thẫ hiốn ti ẵùn) Chềng ta dểng thẫ present simple ẵổ ni mợt cắch chung chung vồ nhựng sỳ võt hay sỳ viốc no ẵ Ta khộng chấ rióng ẵồ cõp ẵọn hiốn ti m thội Chềng ta dểng thẫ ny ẵổ ni vồ nhựng sỳ viốc, hnh ẵợng xy thừủng xuyón hay lĩp ẵi lĩp li, hoĩc nhựng sỳ viốc hiổn nhión ẵềng ni chung Sỳ viốc ẵang ni c diỗn lềc ẵ hay khộng l khộng quan trẹng Nurses look after patients in hospitals I usually go away at weekends The earth goes round the sun Hy nh rng ta ni: he/she/it -s #ững quón thóm s vo ẵợng tữ I work nhừng He works They teach nhừng My sister teaches B Chềng ta dểng do/does ẵổ ẵĩt cíu nghi vịn v phễ ẵènh: does I/we/they he/she/it I/we/you/they he/she/it dont doesnt work work? work? work I come from Canada Where you come from? Would you like a cigarette? No, thanks I dont smoke What does this word mean? Rice doesnt grow in cold climates (Lềa khộng mẹc ẵừục ũ vểng khẩ hõu lnh) Trong nhựng vẩ dệ sau cếng l ẵợng tữ chẩnh: What you do? (= What's your job?) I work in a shop Hes so lazy He doesnt anything to help me (not 'He doesn't anything.') C Chềng ta dểng thẫ present simple muờn diỗn ẵt mửc ẵợ thừủng xuyón xy cễa sỳ viốc: I get up at oclock every morning Ann doesnt drink tea very often In summer John usually plays tennis once or twice a week D I promise/I apologise, v.v Khi bn hửa lm viốc gẫ ẵ, bn c thổ ni I promise ; bn ẵồ nghè ẵiồu gẫ, bn c thổ ni I suggest Chềng ta dểng thẫ present simple (promise/suggest v.v ) nhựng cíu nhừ võy: I promise I wont be late (not 'I'm promising') What you suggest I do? I suggest that you Từùng tỳ chềng ta ni: I apologise / I insist (nn nẫ) / I agree (ẵởng ỷ) / I refuse (tữ chời) v.v Unit Present Continuous and present simple (1) A Hy nghión cửu cắc lủi gii thẩch v so sắnh cắc vẩ dệ sau: Present continuous (I am doing) Hy dểng thẫ Present Continuous ẵổ diỗn t nhựng sỳ viốc xy lềc ta ni hay xung quanh thủi ẵiổm ẵ, v hnh ẵợng chừa chịm dửt The water is boiling Can you turn it off? (Nừc ẵang sội Bn c thổ tỉt bọp ẵừục khộng) Listen to those people What language are they speaking? (Hy nghe nhựng ngừủi Hẹ ẵang ni tiọng nừc no võy?) Lets go out It isnt raining now (Mẫnh ngoi ẵi Hiốn trủi khộng mừa ẵíu.) Dont disturb me Im busy. Why? What are you doing? ("#ững quịy ròy tội Tội ẵang bõn." "Sao? Bn ẵang lm gẫ ẵ?") I am going to bed now Goodnight! (Tội ẵi ngễ ẵíy Chềc ngễ ngon!) Maria is in Britain at the moment Shes learning English (Maria hiốn giủ ẵang ũ Anh quờc Cộ ịy ẵang hẹc tiọng Anh.) Hy dểng thẫ Present Continuous ẵổ diỗn ẵt mợt tẫnh huờng hay trng thắi c tẩnh chịt tm thủi: Im living with some friends until I find a flat (Tội hiốn ũ chung vi mịy ngừủi bn cho ẵọn tội tẫm ẵừục mợt cìn hợ.) Youre working hard today Yes, Ive got a lot to do. ("Hộm bn lm viốc vịt v thõt" "ạ, mẫnh c nhiồu viốc phi lm quắ.") Xem thóm UNIT Present Simple (I do) Hy dểng thẫ Present Simple ẵổ ẵồ cõp ti cắc sỳ viốc mợt cắch chung chung, hay nhựng sỳ viốc ẵừục lĩp ẵi lĩp li, Water boils at 100 degrees celcius (Nừc sội ũ 100 ẵợ C) Excuse me Do you speak English? (Xin lới Bn ni ẵừục tiọng Anh khộng?) It doesnt rain very much in the summer (Trủi khộng mừa quắ nhiồu vo mểa h.) What you usually at weekends? (Bn thừủng lm gẫ vo cuời tuòn?) I always go to bed before midnight (Tội thừủng ẵi ngễ trừc 12 giủ ẵóm) Most people learn to swim when they are children (Hòu họt mẹi ngừủi hẹc bùi hẹ cẻn nhẽ.) Hy dểng thẫ Present Simple ẵổ diỗn ẵt mợt tẫnh huờng hay trng thắi c tẩnh ỡn ẵènh, líu di: My parents live in London They have lived there for all their lives (Cha mầ tội sờng ũ London Hai ngừủi ẵ sờng ũ ẵ suờt ẵủi.) John isnt lazy He works very hard most of the time (John khộng lừủi ẵíu Hòu nhừ lềc no anh ịy cếng lm viốc rịt chìm chấ.) Xem thóm UNIT B I always v I'm always doing Thộng thừủng chềng ta dểng I always something (=Tội lềc no cếng lm viốc ẵ): I always go to work by car Tội luộn ẵi lm bng xe hùi (khộng ni 'I'm always going') Bn cếng c thổ ni Im always doing something, nhừng vi mợt ỷ nghậa khắc Lịy vẩ dệ: Ive lost my key again Im always losing things Tội li lm mịt chẫa kha Tội luộn lm mịt ẵở Im always losing things khộng c nghậa l tội lềc no cếng lm mịt ẵở m c nghậa l viốc tội lm mịt ẵở xy quắ thừủng xuyón, nhiồu hùn bẫnh thừủng Youre always -ing c nghậa bn lm viốc ẵ rịt thừủng xuyón, sỳ thừủng xuyón m ngừủi ni cho l nhiồu hùn bẫnh thừủng Unit Present Continuous and present simple (2) A Chềng ta chấ dểng thẫ Present Continuous vi cắc hnh ẵợng hay cắc sỳ kiốn (nhừ they are eating/it is raining ) Mợt sờ ẵợng tữ, vẩ dệ nhừ know v like khộng phi l nhựng ẵợng tữ hnh ẵợng Bn khộng thổ ni 'I am knowing' hay 'they are liking'; Bn chấ c thổ ni I know, they like Nhựng ẵợng tữ sau ẵíy khộng ẵừục dểng vi thẫ Present Continuous: like need suppose remember depend love prefer mean belong seem hate know understand contain want realise believe consist Im hungry I want something to eat (not 'I am wanting') Tội ẵang ẵi Tội muờn ìn mợt chềt gẫ ẵ Do you understand what I mean? Bn c hiổu ỷ tội muờn ni gẫ khộng? Ann doesnt seem very happy at the moment Lềc ny dừủng nhừ Ann khộng ẵừục vui Khi think ẵừục dểng vi nghậa believe (tin từũng), ta khộng dểng thẫ Present Continuous: What you think (=believe) will happen? Bn nghậ ẵiồu gẫ sặ xy ra? (khộng dểng 'What are you thinking') nhừng You look serious What are you thinking about? (=What is going on in your mind?) Bn trộng thõt nghióm nghè Bn ẵang nghậ ẵiồu gẫ võy? (cắi gẫ diỗn tím trẩ bn võy?) Im thinking of giving up my job (= I am considering) Tội ẵang nghậ ti chuyốn thội viốc (= Tội ẵang xem xt) Khi have c nghậa sũ hựu (possess),.v.v ta khộng dểng vi thẫ continuous (xem UNIT 17): Were enjoying our holiday We have a nice room in the hotel (not 'we're having') (Chềng tội hi lẻng vi kỹ nghấ cễa chềng tội Chềng tội c mợt phẻng tờt ũ khắch sn.) nhừng Were enjoying our holiday Were having a great time Chềng tội hi lẻng vi kỹ nghấ cễa chềng tội Chềng tội ẵang c mợt khong thủi gian hnh phềc B See, hear, smell, taste Ta thừủng dểng thẫ present simple (khộng dểng continuous) vi nhựng ẵợng tữ dừi ẵíy: Do you see that man over there? (not 'are you seeing') Bn c nhẫn thịy ngừủi ẵn ộng ẵng khộng? This room smells Lets open a window Phẻng ny c mểi Ta mũ cứa sỡ ẵi Chềng ta thừủng dểng can+see/hear/smell/taste: Listen! Can you hear something? Chề ỷ! Bn c nghe thịy gẫ khộng? Nhừng bn c thổ dểng thẫ continuous vi see (Im seeing) mang ỷ nghậa having a meeting with (gĩp mĩt, gĩp gú) ẵĩc biốt ũ thẫ từùng lai (Xem UNIT 19A): Im seeing the manager tomorow morning Sắng mai tội sặ gĩp ngừủi qun lỷ C He is selfish v He is being selfish #ợng tữ be chia ũ thẫ present continuous l I am being/He is being You are being v.v Im being = I'm behaving / I am acting So sắnh cắc cíu sau: I cant understand why hes being so selfish He isnt usually like that Tội khộng hiổu ti giủ li tẽ ẩch ký nhừ võy Bẫnh thừủng anh ịy ẵíu c nhừ võy ẵíu (Being selfish = behaving selfihsly at the moment = hnh vi ẩch ký ti thủi ẵiổm ẵ) nhừng He never thinks about other people He is very selfish Anh ta khộng bao giủ nghậ ẵọn ngừủi khắc c Anh ta rịt ẩch ký (= Ni chung l tẩnh ẩch ký, khộng chấ rióng vo lềc no c) Chềng ta dểng am/is/are being ẵổ ni hnh vi cễa ngừủi khắc nhừ thọ no, v khộng thừủng ẵừục dểng nhựng trừủng hụp khắc, chng hn nhừ: Its hot today Hộm trủi nng (khộng dểng 'it is being hot') Sarah is very tired Sarah rịt mốt (khộng dểng 'Sarah is being tired') D Look v feel Bn c thổ dểng thẫ present simple hay continuous diỗn t dắng v hay cm giắc cễa ngừủi no ẵ vo thủi ẵiổm ni: You look well today hay Youre looking well today Hộm trộng bn khẽe ẵịy How you feel now? hay How are you feeling now? Bíy giủ bn cm thịy thọ no? nhừng I usually feel tired in the morning Tội thừủng cm thịy mốt vo buỡi sắng (not 'I'm usually feeling') C Tẩnh tữ + at/to/from/in/on/with/for good/bad/excellent/brilliant/hopeless (v.v ) AT : Im not very good at repairing things (khộng ni 'good repairing things') Tội khộng kho lỉm viốc sứa chựa ẵở võt married/engaged TO : Linda is married to an American (khộng ni 'married with') Linda ẵ kọt hộn vi mợt ngừủi Mỵ Nhừng Linda is married with three children (=she is married and has three children.) Linda ẵ c gia ẵẫnh vi ẵửa similar TO : Your writing is similar to mine Chự viọt cễa bn giờng chự viọt cễa tội different FROM (hoĩc TO) : The film was different from Id expect (hoĩc different to what Id expect.) Cuờn phim khộng nhừ tội ẵ mong ẵụi interested IN : Are you interested in art? Bn c yóu thẩch nghố thuõt khộng? keen ON : We stayed at home because Cathy wasnt very keen on going out Chềng tội ũ nh vẫ Cathy ẵ khộng thiọt tha lỉm vi viốc ẵi chùi dependent ON (nhừng independent OF ) I dont want to be dependent on anybody Tội khộng muờn phệ thuợc vo bịt cử crowded WITH (people, v.v ): The city centre was crowded with tourists (nhừng full of tourists) Trung tím thnh phờ ẵ nhợn nhèp bũi khắch du lèch famous FOR : The Italian city of Florence is famous for its art treasures Thnh phờ Florence cễa nừc @ nỡi tiọng vi nhựng kho tng nghố thuõt responsible FOR : Who was responsible for all that noise last night? Ai chèu trắch nhiốm vồ mẹi sỳ ởn o ẵóm hộm qua? Unit 131 Verb + preposition (1) A #ợng tữ + at look/have a look/stare/glance v.v AT Why are you looking at me like that? laugh/smile AT : I look stupid with this haircut Everybody will laugh at me Trộng tội c v ngờ vi kiổu cỉt tc ny Mẹi ngừủi sặ cừủi tội mịt thội aim/point (something) AT , shoot/fire (a gun) AT (=in the direction of) Dont point that knife at me Its dangerous #ững chậa dao ẵ vo tội #iồu ẵ nguy hiổm lỉm We saw some people with guns shooting at birds Chềng tội ẵ nhẫn thịy mịy ngừủi c sềng ẵang bỉn chim B #ợng tữ + to talk/speak TO (somebody) (with cếng dểng ẵừục nhừng khộng thừủng dểng lỉm): Who was that man you were talking to? Ngừủi bn ẵang ni chuyốn vi l võy? Can I speak to Jane, please? Tội c thổ ni chuyốn vi Jane ẵừục khộng? listen TO : We spent the evening listening to music (khộng ni 'listening music') Vo buỡi tời chềng tội nghe nhc write (a letter) TO : Sorry I havent written to you for such a long time Tội xin lới ẵ khộng viọt thừ thìm bn líu nhừ võy Nhừng phone/telephone somebody (khộng c gii tữ): Did you phone your father yesterday? (khộng ni 'phone to your father') Hộm qua bn ẵ gẹi ẵiốn cho bờ bn chừa? invite (somebody) TO (a party/a wedding, v.v ): They only invited a few people to their wedding Hẹ chấ mủi vi ngừủi ti dỳ ẵắm cừi cễa hẹ C Mợt sờ ẵợng tữ c thổ ẵừục dểng vi at hay to, vi nhựng nghậa khắc Lịy vẩ dệ: shout AT somebody (when you are angry bn ẵang giõn) She got very angry and started shouting at me Cộ ịy trũ nón rịt giõn v bỉt ẵòu la tội shout TO somebody (so that they can hear you ẵổ ngừủi khắc c thổ nghe thịy bn): She shouted to me from the other side of the street Cộ ịy ẵ ht gẹi tội tữ bón ẵừủng throw something AT somebody/something (in order to hit them nhm ẵệng ngừủi khắc): Somebody threw an egg at the minister C ẵ ẵ nm mợt qu trửng vo ộng bợ trừũng throw something TO somebody (for somebody to catch ẵổ ngừủi khắc bỉt lịy): Judy shouted catch! and threw the key to me from the window Judy hộ "Bỉt lịy!" v nm cho tội chiọc chẫa kha tữ trón cứa sỡ D Explain/describe/apologise Ta ni: explain something (TO somebody): Can you explain this word to me? (khộng ni 'explain me this word') Bn c thổ gii nghậa tữ ny cho tội khộng? Từùng tỳ: explain (to somebody) that/what/how/why ?: I explained to them what I wanted them to (khộng ni 'I explained them') Tội ẵ gii thẩch cho hẹ biọt tội muờn hẹ lm gẫ Vi describe cếng võy: Let me describe to you what I saw Hy ẵổ tội t li cho bn nhựng gẫ tội ẵ thịy #ổ ỷ rng ta ni apologise TO somebody (for ): He apologised to me (khộng ni 'he apologised me') Anh ịy ẵ xin lới tội Nhừng thank somebody (for something), ask somebody (for something): He asked me for money (khộng ni 'He asked to me') Anh ịy hẽi xin tiồn tội Unit 132 Verb + preposition (2) A #ợng tữ + about talk ABOUT /read ABOUT /tell somebody ABOUT / have a disscussion ABOUT : We talk about a lot of things at the meeting Chềng tội ẵ ni ti nhiồu vịn ẵồ cuợc hẹp Nhừng disscussion something (khộng c gii tữ): We disscussed a lot of things at the meeting (khộng ni 'disscussed about') Từùng tỳ: something ABOUT something (=do something to improve a bad situation): If youre worried about the problem, you should something about it Nọu bn lo lỉng vồ vịn ẵồ ny, bn nón lm cắi gẫ ẵ (cho n) B Care about, care for and take care of care ABOUT somebody/something (= think that somebody/something is important): Hes very selfish He doesnt care about other people Anh ta rịt ẩch ký Anh ta khộng hồ quan tím ti ngừủi khắc Ta ni care what/where/how v.v (khộng c about): You can what you like I dont care what you Anh c thổ lm gẫ anh muờn Tội khộng quan tím ti nhựng gẫ anh lm care FOR somebody/something: 1) = like something (thừủng cắc cíu hẽi v cíu phễ ẵènh): Would you care for a cup of coffee? (= would you like ?) Bn muờn mợt tắch c phó chử? I dont care for very hot weather (= I don't like ) Tội khộng thẩch thủi tiọt nng nỳc 2) = look after somebody: Albert is 85 and lives alone He needs somebody to care for him ông Albert hiốn 85 tuỡi v sờng mợt mẫnh ông ta mợt ngừủi chìm sc ộng ta take care OF (= look after): Have a nice holiday Take care of yourself! (= look after yourself) Chềc kỹ nghấ tờt ẵầp Hy cn thõn nh! C #ợng tữ + for ask (somebody) FOR : I wrote to the company asking them for more information about the job Tội ẵ viọt thừ ti cộng ty hẽi hẹ thóm mợt sờ chi tiọt vồ cộng viốc Nhừng I asked her a question /They asked me the way to the station (khộng c gii tữ) apply (TO a person, a company, v.v ) FOR (a job, v.v ): I think this job would suit you Why dont you apply for it? Tội nghậ cộng viốc ny hụp vi bn Sao bn khộng lm ẵùn xin viốc ẵi? wait FOR /wait FOR something to happen: Dont wait for me Ill join you late #ững chủ tội Tội sặ ẵọn sau Im not going yet Im waiting for the rain to stop Tội vỏn chừa ẵi Tội chủ cho mừa tnh ẵ search (a person/a place/a bag ) FOR: Ive searched (the house) for my keys but I still cant find them Tội ẵ tẫm chểm chẫa kha (trong nh) nhừng vỏn chừa tẫm thịy leave (a place) FOR (another place): I havent seen her since she left (home) for work this morning (khộng ni 'left to work') Tội ẵ khộng nhẫn thịy cộ ta tữ cộ ịy rủi nh ẵi lm sắng D look for v look after look FOR (= search for, try to find): Ive lost my keys Can you help me to look for them? Tội lm mịt chểm chẫa kha rởi Bn c thổ giềp tội tẫm chềng khộng? look AFTER = (take care of): Albert is 85 and lives alone He needs somebody to look after him (khộng ni 'look for') You can borrow this book if you promise to look after it Bn c thổ mừụn cuờn sắch ny nọu bn hửa giự gẫn n Unit 133 Verb + preposition (3) Mợt sờ ẵợng tữ ẵừục dểng vi about hoĩc of, thừủng ẵ n cho ta nghậa khắc: A dream ABOUT : I dream about you last night (when I was asleep) Em nm mù thịy anh ẵóm qua dream OF being something/ doing something (= imagine): I often dream of being rich Tội thừủng mù mẫnh trũ nón giu c Dont tell anyone what I said. No, I wouldnt dream of it. (= I would never it) "#ững kổ vi ẵiồu tội ẵ ni." "ư, tội khộng bao giủ lm thọ ẵíu." B hear ABOUT (= be told about soemthing): Did you hear about the fight in the club on Saturday night? Bn c nghe ni gẫ vồ vệ u ẵ ũ cíu lc bợ tời thử by khộng? hear OF (=know that somebody/ something exists): Who is Tom Madely? Ive no idea Ive never heard of him. (khộng ni heard from him) "Tom Madely l ai?" "Tội khộng hồ biọt Tội chừa bao giủ nghe ni vồ ộng ta c." Cếng nhừ võy: hear from (=receive a letter or phone call somebody): Have you heard from Jane recently? Yes, I got a letter from her a few days ago. "Gòn ẵíy bn c biọt tin tửc cễa Jane khộng?" "C, tội c ẵừục thừ cộ ịy mịy hộm trừc." C think ABOUT v think OF : Think ABOUT something: suy nghậ, suy xt, cín nhỉc mợt vịn ẵồ gẫ ẵ You look serious What are you thinking about? Trộng bn c v nghióm quắ Bn ẵang nghậ gẫ võy? Will you lend me the money? Ill think about it. "Anh sặ cho tội mừụn tiồn chử?" "Tội sặ suy nghậ vồ ẵiồu ẵ." Think OF something: nghậ ti, nh ti mợt viốc gẫ ẵ He told me his name but I cant think of it now (khộng ni 'think about it') Anh ta ẵ cho tội biọt tón nhừng hiốn giủ tội khộng thổ nh Thats a good idea Why didnt I think of that? (khộng ni ' think about that') @ kiọn ẵ hay ẵịy Ti tội khộng nghậ ti nhấ? Ta cếng dểng think of ẵồ nghè hoĩc ẵừa mợt ỷ kiọn: What did you think of the film? I didnt think much of it. "Bn nghậ gẫ vồ cuờn phim?" "Tội khộng thẩch n lỉm." Sỳ khắc biốt ẵội l rịt nhẽ Bn c thổ dểng c of lỏn about: When Im alone, I often think of (hoĩc about) you Khi chấ c mợt mẫnh, anh thừủng nghậ ẵọn em Bn c thổ ni think of hoĩc think about doing something (mợt hnh ẵợng c thổ xy từùng lai): My sister is thinking of (hoĩc about) going to Canada (= she is considering it) Chè tội ẵang suy xt viốc ẵi Canada D Remind somebody ABOUT : nhỉc nhũ ẵ ẵững quón Im glad you reminded me about the meeting I had completely forgotten it Tội mững vẫ bn ẵ nhỉc tội vồ cuợc hẹp Tội ẵ hon ton quón n Remind somebody OF : lm cho ẵ nh ti ẵiồu gẫ ẵ This house reminds me of the one I lived in when I was a child Cìn nh ny nhỉc tội nh ti cìn nh tội ẵ sờng cẻn b Look at this photograph of Richard Who does he remind you of? Hy nhẫn bửc nh ny cễa Richard Anh ịy nhỉc bn nh ti ai? E complain (to somebody) ABOUT : chửng tẽ bn khộng hi lẻng We complained to the manager of the restaurant about the food Chềng tội phn nn vi ộng chễ nh hng vồ thửc ìn complain OF a pain, an illness v.v : ni rng bn bè ẵau.v.v We called the doctor because George was complaining of a pain in his stomach Chềng tội ẵ gẹi bắc sậ vẫ George kóu ẵau bệng F warn somebody OF/ABOUT a danger, something bad which might happen: Everybody has been warned of/about the dangers of smoking Mẹi ngừủi ẵồu ẵừục cnh cắo vồ sỳ nguy hi cễa viốc hềt thuờc lắ warn somebody ABOUT somebody/ something which is dangerous, unusual I knew he was a strange person I had been warned about him (khộng ni 'warned of him') Tội biọt l ngừủi khắc thừủng Tội ẵ ẵừục lừu ỷ vồ Vicky warned us about the traffic She said it would be bad Vicky ẵ lừu ỷ chềng tội vồ giao thộng Cộ ịy ni giao thộng sặ tởi tố Unit 134 Verb + preposition (4) A #ợng tữ + of accuse/suspect somebody OF : Sue accused me of being selfish Sue ẵ buợc tợi tội l ẩch ký Three students were suspected of cheating in the examination Ba sinh vión ẵ bè nghi ngủ gian lõn kỹ thi approve OF : His parents dont approve of what he does, but they cant stop him Cha mầ anh ịy khộng tắn thnh viốc anh ịy lm, nhừng hẹ khộng thổ ngìn ẵừục anh ịy die OF (an illness) : What did he die of? A heart attack. "ông ta chọt vẫ võy?" "Vẫ mợt cùn ẵau tim." consist OF : We had an enormous meal It consisted of seven courses Chềng tội ẵ ìn mợt bựa thènh son Tịt c c mn B #ợng tữ + for pay (somebody) FOR : I didnt have enough money to pay (the waiter) for the meal (khộng ni 'pay the meal') Tội ẵ khộng ẵễ tiồn ẵổ toắn cho bựa ìn Nhừng pay a bill/a fine/a tax/ afare/ rent/ a sum of money v.v (khộng c gii tữ) I didnt have enough money to pay my telephone bill Tội ẵ khộng ẵễ tiồn toắn ẵùn tiồn ẵiốn thoi thank/forgive somebody FOR : Ill be forgive them for what they did Tội sặ khộng bao giủ tha thử cho nhựng gẫ hẹ ẵ lm apologise (to somebody) FOR : When I realised I was wrong, I apologised (to them) for my mistake Khi nhõn rng mẫnh sai, tội ẵ xin lới hẹ vồ sai lòm cễa tội blame somebody/something FOR : Everybody blamed me for the accident Mẹi ngừủi buợc tợi tội vồ vệ tai nn Cếng nhừ võy: somebody is to blame for Everybody said that I was to blame for the accident Mẹi ngừủi ẵ ni rng tội chèu trắch nhiốm vồ vệ tai nn V: blame something ON : Everybody blamed the accident on me Mẹi ngừủi quy trắch nhiốm vồ vệ tai nn cho tội C #ợng tữ + from suffer FROM (an illness, v.v ): The number of people suffering from heart disease has increased Sờ ngừủi bè bốnh tim ẵ tìng lón protect somebody/something FROM (hoĩc AGAINST) : Sun oil can protect the skin from the sun (hay against the sun.) Kem chờng nỉng c thổ bo vố da dừi ắnh nỉng mĩt trủi D #ợng tữ + on depend ON /rely ON : What time will you arrive? I dont know It depends on the traffic. "Mịy giủ bn sặ ti?" "Tội khộng biọt Cẻn tểy thuợc vo giao thộng." You can rely on Jill She always keeps her promises Bn c thổ tin từũng Jill Cộ ịy luộn giự lủi hửa cễa mẫnh Bn c thổ dểng depend + when/where/how v.v (nhựng tữ ẵổ hẽi) ẵi cểng vi on hoĩc khộng: Are you going to buy it? It depens how much it is. (hay depends on how much) "Bn sặ mua cắi ẵ chử?" "Cẻn tểy xem n giắ bao nhióu." live ON (money/food): Georges salary is very low It isnt enough to live on Lừong cễa George rịt thịp #ởng lừùng ẵ khộng ẵễ ẵổ sờng congratulate (someone) ON /compliment (somebody) ON : I congratulated her on her success in the exam Tội chềc mững cộ ịy vồ kọt qu kỹ thi Unit 135 Verb + preposition (5) A #ợng tữ + in believe IN : Do you believe in God? (= you believe that God exist?) Bn c tin vo Thừụng ẵọ khộng? (= Bn c tin rng Thừụng ẵọ tởn ti khộng?) I believe in saying what I think? (= I believe it is right to say what I think) Tội tin từũng ni nhựng gẫ mẫnh nghậ (= tội tin rng l ẵềng ẵỉn ni nhựng ẵiồu mẫnh nghậ) specialise IN : Helen is a lawyer She specialises in company law Helen l luõt sừ Cộ ịy chuyón vồ luõt cộng ty succeed IN : I hope you succeed in finding the you want Tội hy vẹng bn tẫm ẵừục cộng viốc mong muờn B #ợng tữ + into break INTO : Our house was broken into a few days ago but nothing was stolen Cắch ẵíy vi ngy nh tội ẵ bè ẵợt nhõp nhừng khộng mịt mắt gẫ crash/drive/bump/run INTO : He lost control of the car and crashed into a wall ông ta khộng ẵiồu khiổn nỡi chiọc xe nựa v ẵím sòm vo mợt bửc từủng divide/cut/split something INTO (two or more parts) Chia, cỉt cắi gẫ ẵ thnh phòn hay nhiồu phòn: The book is divided into three parts Quyổn sắch ẵừục chia thnh tõp Cut the meat into small parts before frying it Hy cỉt thèt thnh cắc miọng nhẽ trừc rắn translate (a book etc.) FROM one language INTO another George Orwells book have been translated into many languages Cuờn sắch cễa Goerge Orwell ẵ ẵừục dèch nhiồu thử tiọng C #ợng tữ + with collide WITH : There was an accident this morning A bus collided with a car (nhừng crashed into) C mợt tai nn sắng Mợt chiọc xe buỷt ẵệng phi mợt chiọc xe hùi fill something WITH (nhừng full of xem Unit 130b) Take this saucepan and fill it with water Hy còm lịy cắi cho ny v ẵỡ nừc vo provide/supply somebody WITH : The school provides all its students with books Trừủng hẹc cung cịp sắch cho tịt c hẹc sinh D #ợng tữ + to happen TO : What happened to that gold watch you use to have? (= where is it now?) Chuyốn gẫ ẵ xy vi chiọc ẵởng hở vng m bn thừủng ẵeo võy? (= n ẵíu rởi?) prefer one thing/person TO another: I prefer tea to coffee Tội thẩch tr hùn c phó E #ợng tữ + on concentrate ON : Dont look out of the window Concentrate on your work #ững nhẫn ngoi cứa sỡ Hy tõp trung vo viốc cễa anh ẵi insist ON : I wanted to go alone but they insisted on coming with me Tội muờn ẵi mợt mẫnh nhừng ẵ ni nấ xin ẵi cểng tội spend (money) ON : How much money you spend on food each week? Bn tờn bao nhióu tiồn thửc ìn tuòn Unit 136 Phrasal verbs A Chềng ta thừủng dểng mợt sờ tữ dừi ẵíy ẵi km vi cắc ẵợng tữ: in on roundabout down through up over back forward away out along off by Ta c thổ ni put out/ get on/ take off/ run away v.v # l nhựng phrasal verbs Ta thừủng dểng out/ off/ up, v.v vi nhựng ẵợng tữ chuyổn ẵợng Lịy vẩ dệ: The bus was full We couldnt get on Xe buỷt ẵ chõt Chềng tội khộng thổ lón ẵừục A woman get into the car and drove off Mợt ngừủi phệ nự lón xe v phng ẵi Sally is leaving tomorow and coming back on Saturday Sally sặ ẵi ngy mai v trũ vồ vo thử by When I touched him on the shoulder, he turned round Khi tội chm vo vai anh ta, ẵ quay li get on drive off come back turn round Nhừng thừủng thẫ tữ thử hai ny (out, off, up, v.v ) lm cho ẵợng tữ mang mợt nghậa ẵĩc biốt Lịy vẩ dệ: Sorry Im late The car broke down (=engine stopped working) Xin lới tội ti muợn, Xe tội bè hẽng (=ẵợng cù ngững lm viốc) Look out! Theres a car coming (= be careful) Coi chững! C xe ẵang ẵi ti (= hy cn thõn) It was my first flight I was nervous as the plane took off (= went into the air) # l lòn ẵòu tión tội ẵi mắy bay Tội ẵ hởi hợp mắy bay cịt cắnh I was very tired this morning I couldnt get up (= get out of bed) Sắng tội rịt mốt Tội ẵ khộng thổ dõy ẵừục (= khẽi giừủng) How was the exam? How did you get on? (= how did you do?) Kỹ thi thọ no? Bn lm bi sao? My French isnt very good but its enough to get by (to manage) Tiọng Phắp cễa tội khộng tờt lỉm nhừng cếng ẵễ ẵổ xoay sũ break down look out take off get up get on get by B Nhiồu ẵợng tữ kp c gii tữ theo sau Vẩ dệ: Phrasal verb preposition Run away from Why are you run away from me? Keep up with Look forward to Cut down on C Sao anh cử trắnh tội võy? Youre walking too fast I cant keep up with you Anh ẵi nhanh quắ Tội khộng thổ theo kèp anh Are you looking forward to your holiday? Anh ẵang mong ti kỹ nghấ phi khộng? Jack is trying to cut down on smoking (= reduce smoking) Jack ẵang cờ gỉng gim hềt thuờc lắ #ợng tữ kp c thổ c tềc tữ Thừủng c hai vè trẩ c thổ c cễa tềc tữ Cho nón bn c thổ ni: I turned off the light hay I turned the light off Nọu tềc tữ li l mợt ẵi tữ (it/them/me/him, ) chấ c mợt vè trẩ dnh cho n: I turn it off (khộng ni 'I turn off it') Xt thóm mợt sờ vẩ dệ: Could you fill in this form? Could you fill this form in? Lm ùn ẵiồn vo mỏu ẵùn ny nhừng They give me a form and told me to fill it in (khộng ni 'fill in it'.) Hẹ ẵừa cho tội mỏu ẵùn v bo tội ẵiồn vo ẵ The police got into the house by breaking down the door The police got into the house by breaking the door down Cnh sắt ẵi vo nh bng cắch phắ cứa vo nhừng The door wasnt locked Why did the police break it down? (khộng ni 'break down it') Cứa khộng hồ kha Sao cnh sắt li phắ cứa? I think Ill throw away these newspaper I think Ill throw these newspaper away nhừng Do you want these newspaper or shall I throw them away? Dont wake up the baby Dont wake the baby up nhừng The baby is asleep Dont wake her up [...]... Perfect Continuous A It has been raining Xem vẩ dệ sau: Is it raining? No, but the ground is wet It has been raining Trủi mi vữa mừa xong Have/has been -ing l thẫ present perfect continuous I/we/they/you have (=I've etc.) been doing I/we/they/you have (=I've etc.) been waiting I/we/they/you have (=I've etc.) been playing etc he/she/it has (=he's ect.) been doing he/she/it has (=he's ect.) been waiting he/she/it... you been doing? Sao quòn ắo bn bn thọ Bn vữa mi lm gẫ võy? Ive been talking to Carol about the problem and she thinks that Mẫnh vữa mi ẵồ cõp ẵọn vịn ẵồ cễa Carol v cộ ịy nghậ l B It has been raining for two hours Xt vẩ dệ sau: It is raining now It began raining two hours ago and it is still raining Trủi ẵang mừa Trủi ẵ mừa ẵừục hai giủ rởi v bíy giủ cẻn ẵang mừa How long has it been raining? It has... hùn 20 phềt rởi Hes out of breath He has been running Anh ịy ẵang thũ gịp Anh ịy ẵ chy ny giủ He was out of breath He had been running Anh ịy ẵ thũ gịp Anh ịy ẵ chy trừc ẵ D have been -ing Hy so sắnh had been doing (past perfect continuous) v was doing (past continuous) It wasnt raining when we went out The sun was shining But it had been raining, so the ground was wet Lềc chềng tội ẵi ra ngoi... rởi? B I have been doing something (present perfect continuous) = Tội ẵ khũi sỳ lm viốc gẫ ẵ trong quắ khử v tội vỏn ẵang cẻn lm tiọp (hay vữa mi ngừng xong) Ive been learning English for a long time (not "I'm learning") Tội ẵ hẹc tiọng Anh líu rởi Sorry Im late Have you been waiting long? Xin lới, tội ẵọn trỗ Bn ẵ chủ tội líu chừa? Its been raining since I got up this morning Trủi ẵ mừa tữ lềc... driving?" "Since I was 17." "Bn ẵ lắi xe ẵừục bao líu rởi?" "Tữ khi 17 tuỡi." C I have done (simple) hay I have been doing (continuous): Thẫ continuous thừủng ẵừục dểng vi how long, since v for (xem UNIT 10B): Ive been learning English for a long time (t dểng "I've learnt") Bn c thổ dểng c hai thẫ present v continuous vi ẵợng tữ live (sờng) v work (lm viốc): John has been living / has lived in London... been working hard, so now Im going to have a rest Tội ẵ lm viốc nhiồu rởi nón bíy giủ tội sặ ẵi nghấ We need an umbrella Its raining Chềng tội còn mợt cíy dể Trủi ẵang mừa The ground is wet Its been raining Mĩt ẵịt cẻn ừt Trủi ẵ mừa Hurry up ! Were waiting Weve been waiting for an hour Unit 10 Present Perfect Continuous and Simple A Nghión cửu vẩ dệ sau: Anns clothes are covered in paint She... Unit 12 When ? and How long ? For and Since A Hy so sắnh When ? (+ past simple) v How long ? (+present perfect): A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B: B When did it start raining? Trủi mừa tữ khi no võy? It started raining an hour ago / at 1 oclock Trủi bỉt ẵòu mừa cắch ẵíy mợt giủ / lềc 1 giủ How long has it been raining? Trủi ẵ mừa líu chừa? Its been raining for an hour / since 1 oclock Trủi ẵ mừa ẵừục 1 giủ rởi... year I was living in Brazil Vo thủi ẵiổm ny nìm ngoắi tội ẵang sờng ũ Brazil What were you doing at 10 oclock last night? I waved to her but she wasnt looking C So sắnh thẫ past continuous quắ khử tiọp diỗn (I was doing) v past simple quắ khử ẵùn (I did): Past continuous (ẵang ũ giựa hnh ẵợng) I was walking home when I meet Dave (= ũ giựa ẵừủng ẵi vồ nh tội gĩp Dave) Ann was watching television... Simple A Nghión cửu vẩ dệ sau: Anns clothes are covered in paint She has been painting the ceiling Quòn ắo cễa Ann dẩnh ton sùn Cộ ịy ẵang sùn tròn nh The ceiling was white Now it is blue She has painted the ceiling Tròn nh trừc ẵíy mu trỉng Bíy giủ n mu xanh Cộ ịy ẵ sùn tròn nh Has been painting l thẫ present perfect continuous (thẫ hiốn ti hon thnh tiọp diỗn): ẵíy chềng ta quan tím ẵọn hnh ẵợng m... gave up smoking two years ago Hed been smoking for 30 years Ken ẵ bẽ thuờc lắ hai nìm rởi Trừc ẵ anh ịy ẵ hềt thuờc suờt 30 nìm C Thẫ past perfect continuous (Had been -ing) l dng quắ khử cễa thẫ present continuous I hope the bus comes soon Ive been waiting for 20 minutes (before now) Tội hy vẹng l xe buỷt sặ ti sm Tội ẵ chủ 20 phềt rởi (trừc lềc ny) At last the bus came Id been waiting for minutes Cuời ... Perfect Continuous A It has been raining Xem vẩ dệ sau: Is it raining? No, but the ground is wet It has been raining Trủi mi vữa mừa xong Have/has been -ing l thẫ present perfect continuous I/we/they/you... It is raining now It began raining two hours ago and it is still raining Trủi ẵang mừa Trủi ẵ mừa ẵừục hai giủ rởi v bíy giủ cẻn ẵang mừa How long has it been raining? It has been raining for... you thinking about? (=What is going on in your mind?) Bn trộng thõt nghióm nghè Bn ẵang nghậ ẵiồu gẫ võy? (cắi gẫ diỗn tím trẩ bn võy?) Im thinking of giving up my job (= I am considering) Tội