TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 L¥P 8 -9 1. Th× cña ®éng tõ Tenses Form Tr¹ng tõ thêng gÆp C¸ch dïng vµ vÝ dô S + bare-V/V- always, ofen, * ChØ 1 thãi quen ë hiÖn t¹i 1.The s/V-es usually,frequentyly - ex: He usually (go) goes to school in the morning S. sometimes=occasion * 1 sù thËt kh«ng thay ®æi present S+do/does not+ ally, rarely=seldom, - ex: The sun (rise) rises in the East. bare-V (HiÖn once or tiwce a Do/Does+ S+ t¹i week, never bare-V ? ®¬n) 2. The Present Contin uous (HiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn) 3. The Pr. Perfect (HTHT ) S+ am/is/ are+ V-ing S + am/is/are+ not+ V-ing Am/is/are+ S+ V-ing? S + have/has + V3/Ved S + have/has +not+ V3/V-ed Have/Has + S + V3/V-ed? at the moment, at the time,Verb! (look!, listen!, be quiet) at present = now for + kho¶ng t.gian since + Mèc t.gian never, ever, just = recently = lately, so far = up to now = up to the present= until now,already, yet,this is the first time ...., several times. for + kho¶ng t.gian 4. The S + have/has + since + Mèc t.gian P.perfe been + V-ing S+have/has+not+ so far = up to now = ct up to the present= contin been+V-ing until now Have/Has + S + uous HTHT been + V-ing? TD) - Yessterday, last 5. The S + V2/V-ed S. Past S + did + NOT + (last week /month/ bare-V year...), ago, in + ( Qk) Did +S + bareyear(in 2000...) V? At 5 P.m/ at 5 6. The S + was/ were + V-ing o’clock + Thêi gian Past trong QK, all day Contin S + was/ were + yesterday not+ V-ing uous Was/ were + S + * ChØ hµnh ®éng ®ang x¶y ra t¹i thêi ®iÓm ®ang nãi - It (rain) is raining now. - Lan (eat) is eating at preent - Listen! She (sing) is singing * ChØ 1 hµnh ®éng x¶y ra trong qk t.gian kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh ex: She (vêsit) has visited Ha Long Bay several times. * ChØ hµnh ®éng b¾t ®Çu ë QK mµ cßn tiÕp tôc ®Õn hiÖn t¹i - We (learn) have learnt English for 7 years. - My mother (be) has been sick sinse yesterday - Lan (just buy) has just bought a new shirt. * Dïng ®Ó nhÊn m¹nh 1 hµnh ®éng khëi sù trong qu¸ khø kÐo dµi ®Õn hiÖn t¹i vµ cßn tiÕp tôc ë t¬ng lai. - She (wait) has been waiting to see you since 2 o’ clock - He (work) has been working in this factory for 4 years. * 1 sè viÖc x¶y ra ë thêi ®iÓm x¸c ®Þnh trong qu¸ khø - She (meet) met him yesterday. - Mr Pike (stay) stayed here last nigh * ChØ 1 hµnh ®éng x¶y ra ë 1 ®iÓm thêi gian x¸c ®Þnh trong QK - At this time last night, she (study) was studying lessons at home. * ChØ 2 hµnh ®éng cïng x¶y ra song song ë QK 1 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 (QKTD V-ing? - My mother (cook) was cooking while my father (watch) was watching TV. ) * ChØ 1 hµnh ®éng ®ang x¶y ra ë QK th× 1 hµnh ®éng kh¸c xen vµo -When he ( drive) was driving, he (see) saw a serious accident. 7. The S + had + V3/ V- before, after, by,..... *DiÔn t¶ 1 hµnh ®éng x¶y ra ë QK tríc 1 hµnh ®éng ed kh¸c hoÆc 1 thêi ®iÓm trong QK Past - Before 1975, he (work) had worked in that Perfect S + had + NOT + V3/ V-ed factory.. : - When I (come) come, he (leave) had left by 7 (QKHT Had + S + V3/ Ved? o’ clock ) - After he (graduate) had graduated, he (go) went abroad. Tomorrow, next DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng x¶y ra ë t¬ng lai. 9. The S + will/ shall + Vinf (next week/ month/ - Tomorrow he (visit ) will viisit me. S. year...), someday,... - She (stay) will stay at next Monday. future S + will/shall + not + Vinf (TL Will/Shall + S ®¬n) +Vinf? DÊu hiÖu since For nghÜa Tõ,tõ khi ®îc,kho¶ng Already yet never ever before Recently/lately Till now/Up to now first,second.. C¸ch dïng Mèc thêi gian Kho¶ng thêi gian D¹ng K§,P§,NV K§,P§,NV vÞ trÝ Tríc thêi gian Tríc thêi gian Råi,®· råi K® Cha,vÉn cha Cha tõng, cha bao giê ®· tõng Tríc ®©y,tríc ®ã GÇn ®©y Cho ®Õn b©y giê P®,nv K®,nv Cuèi c©u,sau have vµ has Cuèi c©u Tríc PII K®,nv K§,P§,NV K®,p®,nv K®,p®,nv Tríc PII Cu«i c©u Cuèi c©u,sau chñ ng÷ Cuèi c©u LÇn ®Çu tiªn,lÇn thø K®,nv ®Çu c©u,cuèi c©u 2 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 hai... times Bµi TËp Choose a, b, c or d that best completes each sentence: I will see him when he...... here tomorrow.a.comes b. will come c. has come d. had come The boys broke a window when they ... football.a played b. were playing c. haf playedd. are playing What ................... to you yesterday? a. happened b. did happen c. had happen d. was happening It was the most exciting film I.......................... . b. never saw b. ever saw c. had ever seen d. have ever seen He said that he ............................ his work since 7 o’clock. Did b. has done c. had done d. would do I......................... about him when suddenly he came in. talk b. talked c. am talking d. was talking Please don’t touch anything before ........................ . the police will come b. the police comes c. the police come d. the police would come “When...............................................?” - In 1928 a. penicillin was discovered b. was penicillin discovered b. did penicillin discovered d. did penicillin discover They have been in love with each other................. they were young a. while b. until c. for d. since Do you know what ......................... there yesterday? a. she is doing b. was doing c. did she do d. she did At present, that author .................. a historical novel. a. is writing b. was writing c. has written d. had written By next month, I......................my first novel. a. will finish b. am going to finish b. finish d. will have finished I....................... the money from him yet. a. haven’t received b. don’t receive c. will receive d. am receiving Don’t make noise. My mother ............................ with her friend. a. is talking b. was talking c. talks d. talked .................... the teacher gave me a passing grade. a. After taking the test b. After I take the test b. After I took the test d. After I had taken the test No sooner.............................the office than the phone rang a. was he leaving b. he was leaving c. he had left d. had he left 17. How many times .................... there so far? A few times. a. have you been b. would you be c. were you d. had you been 18. It’s at least a month since ........................ Tom. a. I last seen b. I last see c. I have last seen d. I last saw 19. Up to then, I.......................... such a big fire. a. have never seen b. had never seen c. never seen d. never see 3 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 20. I.............................. her since I........................ a student. a. know/ am b. knew/ was c. have known/ am d. have known/ was 21. They.........for 3 hours when the storm suddenly broke. a. had been running b. have been running c. are running d. will be running 22. I assumed you ........paying for the repairs until the end of last year. a. have been b. was been c. are being d. had been 23. ...........get tired of answering the same questions every day? a. Have you ever b. Had you ever c. Do you ever d. Are you ever 24. She .......working on that manuscript for 2 year now. a. will be b. has been c. had been d.is 25. I.........there once a long time ago and .......back since. a. went/have not been b. go/am not c. have gone/was d. was going/had not been 26. She...........trying to pass her driving test but fails every time. a. kept b. is keeping c.did want d. keeps 27. I.........complete silence now while I try this experiment. a. am wanting b. want c. had wanted d. have wanted 28.The students.........by Mrs.Monty. However, this week they .....by Mr.Tanzer. a. are usually taught/are being taught b. usually teach/are teaching c. have usually been taught/have been teaching d. were usually teaching /are teaching 29. No matter what happens next I.......help you. a. am b. have c. will d.would 30. In the last hundred years, traveling.......much easier and more comfortable. a. becomes b. has become c. became d. will become 31. In the 19th century, it ............two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon. a. took b. had taken c. had taken d.was taking 32. In the past the trip ..............very rough and often dangeruos, but things..........a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. a. was/have changed b. is/change c. had been/will change d.hasbeen/changed 33. Now you .......from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours. a. are flying b. would fly c. will fly d. can fly 34. When Carol........last night, I .......my favorite show on television. a. was calling/watched b. called/have watched c. called/was watching d. had called/watched 35.By this time next summer, you..........your studies. a.completes b.will complete c.are completing d. will have completed 36. Right now, Jim........the newspaper and kathy............dinner. a. reads/has cooked b. is reading/is cooking c.has read/was cooking d. read/will be cooking 37. Last night at this time, they .......the same thing. She .........and he..........the newspaper. a. are doing/is cooking/is reading b. were doing/was cooking/was reading c. was doing/has cooked/is reading d. had done/was cooking/read 38. When I.........home last night, I.....that Jane..............a beautiful candle light dinner. a. had arrived/discovered/preparing b. was arriving/has discovered/was preparing 4 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 c. have arrived/was discovering/had prepared d. arrived/discovered/was preparing 39.The sun ....................late in winter.a. is rising always b. rises always c. is always rising d. always rises 40. While I................Tv last night, a mouse ran across the floor.a. watch b. watched c. was watching d. am watching 41.This is the most intersting novel ..................a. I’ve read b. I had read c. I’ve never read d. I’ve ever read 42. When it began to rain, they...............in the yard.a. played b. had played c.were playing d. have played 43.I haven’t seen you ..........................a. since a long time b. for ages c. ages d. for long existence 44. It .................every day so far this week.a. rained b. has rained c. rains d. is raining 45. I..................any letter from him yet.a. haven’t received b. will receive c. don’t receive d. didn’t receive 46. We .................to Dalat several times. It’s a foggy city.a. were b. have been c. were being d. had been 47. Be careful! The bus ......................near.a. will come b. will be coming c. is coming d. has come 48.I haven’t met him since he...............school.a. left b. was leaving c. had left d. was left 49. My uncle .....................on this farm since he was 20.a. has worked b. have worked c. worked d. was working 50. It................... me 15 minutes to go to school every morning.a. takes b. has taken c. is takening d. took 51. When I woke up this morning, it..........................a. rained b. was raining c. has rained d. is raining 52. He................London 2 years ago and I.......................him since then. a. left/ hadn’t seen b. left/ haven’t seen c. was living/ haven’t seen d. left/ didn’t seen 53. By the time Tom got back,Peter..................a. have gone b. went c. will go d. had gone Give the correct form of the verbs 1.The sun always (rise) in the east. Look, it (rise)! 2. I don’t think I (go) out tonight. I’m too tired. 3. Where you (spend) your summer holiday last year, Tam? 4. In my country, it (not rain) much in winter. 5. Let’s wait for Lien (arrive) and we (have) dinner. 6. The moon (move) around the earth. 7. Mai (be) very happy when she (receive) a letter from her sister this morning. 8. Would you like (join) my class next Sunday? We (visit) the local museum. 9. My father (read) now. He always (read) a book after dinner. 10. A friend of my brother’s (call) him last night, but he (not be) at home. So I (take) a message for him. 11. - Are you busy this evening?Yes, I (meet) Tuan at the library at seven. We (study) together. 5 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 12. Mai (telephone) you when she comes back. 13. When we (be) small, our family (live) in the countryside. 14. Miss Trang is in hospital.- - Yes, I know. I (visit) her tomorrow. 15. I (read) an interesting book at the moment. I (lend) it to you when I finish it. 16. Look at those black clouds. It (rain). 17. I (not invite) her to the party because I (forget) her phone number. 18. Look! Our new teacher (come). She (have) long, black hair. 19. The boys like (play) games but (hate) do lessons. 20. Please stop (talk); I (try) (finish) a letter to the Y&Y Green Group. 21. His doctor advised him (give up) (smoke). 22. By (work) day and nihgt he succeeded in (finish) the job in time. 23. There (be) many volunteers in Sea Games 22nd in Viet Nam in 2003. 24. How long you (know) Mrs. Chi? - I (know) her for five years. 25. Your dog ever (bite) anyone? - Yes, he (bite) a policeman last week. 26. We (not see) her since we (be) on holiday in Ha Long Bay. 27. Phuong (not finish) her homework yet. 28. Would you like some coffee? I just (make) some. 29. She (feed) the cat yet? - Yes, she (feed) it half an hour ago. 30. The weather (become) colder and colder in December. 31. He (cut) my hair too short. - Don’t worry; it (grow) again very quickly. 32.I (not go) out this evening. I (stay) at home. 33. The film (begin) at 7.30 or 8.00? 34. You (be) away? - Yes. I (go) to the country last Sunday. 35. They just (phone) to say that they (not come) back till Friday night. 36. My uncle (not visit) us since he (move) to the new town. 37. You should practice (speak) English every day. 38. The movie (start) at 8.15 this evening. 39. We already (finish) the first semester exams. 40. Mr. Binh (learn) Chinese at school, but he (forget) most of it. 41. We (have) a party next Sunday. Would you like (come)? 42. While my sister and I (watch) a movie on TV last night, our uncle in the USA (phone). 43. Please continue your work; We don’t mind (wait). 44. Ha Long Bay in Viet Nam (be) a World Herritage Site. It (visit) by millions of people every year. 45. If Mr. Lam (go) to Paris next week, he (see) the Eiffel Tower. 46. I myself (witness) an accident on the Main Road yesterday. A boy (knock) down by a car. Then he (take) to the nearest hospital 47. Most of the Earth’s surface (cover) by water. 48. The first festival (hold) nearly eight hundred years ago. 49. There’s someone behind us. I think we (follow). 50. An interesting book (read) by Lan at the moment. 51. This bike (use) for more than six years. 52. Nowadays, many historical places (destroy) seriously. 53. A new text book (publish) next month. 54. The Eiffel Tower is in Paris. It (visit) by millions of people every year. 6 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 55. Since the 1980s more and more paper (recycle). 56. Tet holiday in Viet Nam (celebrate) around January and February. 57. Last night when we (visit) him, he (do) an experiment on the upstair. 58. I (not see) your uncle recently. - No. He (not go) out since he (buy) a new color television. 59. Look! The athletes (march) proudly behind their flag. 60. She (not see) that film before. 61. Listen! Why they (cry)? What (happen) to the? 62. As soon as her mother (come) home, all her friends (call) her. 63. She (come) to see you if she arrives here. 64. When I was younger , I (play) football but now I don’t. 65. I (work) on a farm once and had to get up at 5 every morning. It was difficult at first as I (not get up) so early. 66. Cuckoos (not build) nests. They (use) the nests of other birds. 67. I (wear) my sunglasses today because the sun is very strong. 68. I wish that dog (lie down). He (keep) jumping up on my feet. I (think) he (want) to go for a walk. 69. I (lie) in the beach when the phone (ring). It (stop) after a few rings. 70. It (be) cold when we (leave) the house that day, and a light snow (fall). 71. I (walk) along the street when I suddenly (feel) something hit me in the back. I (not know) what it was. 72. When I (see) the man, he (stand) outside the bank. He (have)a cap on. 73. When I (open) the cupboard door, a pile of books (fall) out. 74. I can’t help (feel) anxious about her study. 75. Most people prefer (ride) to (walk). D¹ng 1: Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc, sö dông th× thÝch hîp Bµi 1: 1. She (not drink) coffee. She (drink) Coca Cola. 2. It (be) often hot in the summer. 3. What you (do) every evening? 4. The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days. 5. I (see) her very often. 6. Most rivers (flow) into the sea. 7. Vegetarians (not eat) meat. 8. Bees (make) honey. 9. Rice (not grow) in cold climates. 10. Where Martin (come) from? – He (be) Scottish. Bµi 2: Nien (1) (be) Hoa’s next-door neighbor in Hue. She (2) (be) beautiful. She (3) (have) big brown eyes and a lovely smile. Last week, she (4) (go) to Ha Noi (5) (visit) Hoa. They (6) (travel) around the city and (7) (see) a lot of interesting places. Nien (8) (think) Ha Noi (9) (be) beautiful but so noisy and busy, so she (10) (not like) (11) (live) there. Bµi 3: 1. Bad driving (cause) many accidents. 2. Nga and Hoa (see) a movie tonight. 3. Sue can (speak) Vietnamese very well. 7 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 4. Mozart (write) more than 600 pieces of music. 5. How -------- you-------- (learn) to drive? – My father (teach) me. 6. We usually (go) to the library three times a week, but last week we (go) twice. 7. Alexander Graham Bell (introduce) the telephone in 1876. 8. Yesterday I (be) busy, so I (not have) time to phone you. 9. What------- you -------- (do) next summer vacation? - I (visit) my grandparents in Nha Trang. 10. Would you like (come) to dinner tomorrow? Bµi 4: 1.They (award) him a medal for bravery last year. 2. Mr. Brown used (play) football when he (be) young. 3. -------- you-------- (go) out last night? 5. Last night I (go) to bed late. Suddenly I (hear) a noise. I (get) up to see what it (be) but I (not see) anything. 6. What-------- you--------- (use) to do in your free time? – I used (go) fishing. 7. Martha (phone) me yesterday. She’s on holiday in France. She (have) a great time and (not want) to come back. 8. My parents used (live) in Hue. They (be) born and (grow) up there. In 1969, they (move) to Da Nang and then to Saigon. At present we (live) in a small house in Ho Chi Minh City. Bµi 5: Although I (1) (have) a car, I prefer (2) (travel) by train, especially if I have to (3) (make) a long journey. As the train (4) (travel) at full speed through the countryside, I can (5) (relax), drink a coffee, read a book, or just (6) (look) out of the window, sometimes the movement of the train (7) (keep) me asleep, something you couldn’t do while (8) (drive) a car. The trouble (9) (be) that I hate (10) (wait) in cold stations, and I (11) (get) angry when I have to waste time on (12) (look) for a taxi or a bus at the beginning or the end of my journey. Bµi 6: 1. It’s difficult (climb) this mountain. 2. You must (take) an umbrella. It (rain) now. 3. When I was a child, I used (spend) hours playing with a tin box. 4. In England the sun (not shine) every day. 5. Do you remember the film we (see) last week? 6. Everyone stopped (laugh) when we (come). 7. Sandra practices (speak) her English more frequently. 8. An is in hospital. I (visit) him tomorrow. 9. I like (think) carefully about things before (make) a decision. 10. Ask him (come) in. Don’t keep him (stand) at the door. 11. Don’t forget (lock) the door before (go) to bed. 12. Did you succeed in (solve) the problem ? Let me (suggest) some solutions. 13. Steve used (be) a football player. He had to stop (play) because of an injury. 14. I prefer (walk) to (ride). 15. Don’t try (persuade) me. Nothing can make me (change) my mind. 16.Your poem should (write) in English. 17. Yesterday afternoon, my father (fix) his motorcycle while my mother (cook) dinner. 8 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 18. It’s a serious problem. I don’t know how it can (solve). 19. The teacher ordered Tom (go) to the blackboard. 20. I learned how to swim when I (be) very young. I (teach) by my mother. 21. He said that his mother (not be) very well, so he can not (go) to the party. 22. When we (meet) George and Linda yesterday, we (walk) through the park. 23. “What you (do) at eight o’clock last night?” “We (watch) television. Bµi 7: 1. I couldn’t make my car (start) this morning. 2. Mr.Robinson enjoys (listen) to music while he (drive). 3. Jane is trying (avoid) (meet) him. 4. These tigers used (keep) in iron cages. 5. She is said (be) very good at cooking. 6. I hate (laugh) at by other people. 7. Marie Curie (award) the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903. 8. A: (you/ ever/ connect) a printer? B: I (know) how to connect it since I (be) twelve. 9. A: Mark (not be) here recently. B: Really? When he (go)? A: He (leave) here three months ago. 10.A: You (see) the film Harry Potter yet?/B: Yes, I (already/ see) it./A: When you (see) it?/B: I (see) it last month. A1>Dïng c¸c ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc ë hiÖn t¹i ®¬n hay hiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn. 1. Mr Green always (go) to work by bus. 2. It (not rain) in the dry season. 3. They (have) lunch in the cafeteria now. 4. My little sister (drink) milk every day. 5. The doctor sometimes (return) home late. 6. He (write) a long novel at present. 7. Look! The bus (come) 8. The earth (move) around the sun. 9. Something (smell) good in the kitchen now. 10. They often (thank) me for what I do for them. A 2: Dïng ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc ë th× qu¸ khø hoÆc qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn. 1. His uncle (teach) English in our school five years ago. 2. The old man (fall) as he (get) into the bus. 3. They (not go) to the movies last Sunday. 4. When I saw him, he (sit) asleep in a chair. 5. You (find) my fountain pen yesterday? 6. Where she (be) at 5 o’clock this morning? 7. It (take) me 5 minutes to walk to school last year. 8. The light (go) out when we (study) our lesson. 9. There (be) a lot of noise at the fair yesterday. 10. They (give) me the letter a few minutes ago. A3: Chia c¸c ®éng tõ sau ë hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh. 1. They (not speak) to each other since they quarelled 9 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 2. I wonder where he (live) since then. 3. You already (drink) three cups of tea since I sat here. 4. I (wait) here for her since 7 o’clock and she (not come) yet. 5. John (do) his homework already. 6. We (go) on a picnic in the countryside several times before. A4: Dïng c¸c ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc ë th× t¬ng lai hoÆc qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh. 1. Miss Snow (type) ten letters before lunchtime yesterday. 2. The train (start) before we arrived at he station. 3. There (be) an English class in this room tomorrow evening. 4. The films already (begin) when we got to the cinema. 5. He said that he (see) that man before. 6. I (take) my borther to the zoo tomorrow. 7. Mr Brown died after he (be) ill for a long time. 8. You (stay) at home tonight? 9. By December 1st last year, he (work) in the bank for 5 years. 10. I (be) twenty years old next June. A5: Dïng th× ®óng cña ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc. 1. Mrs Green (take) Alice to the dentist many times. 2. My sister always (wash) her hands before meals. 3. Hurry up! The train (come) in. 4. I hope it (not rain) when we start early tomorrow. 5. He (sleep) so he did not understand what you said to him. 6. Will you wait a minute while I (look) through the text? 7. You must tell me what you (do) since I last saw you. 8. An economic crisis often (follow) the war. 9. You (witness) many things by the time you die. 10.So far you (make) no mistakes on this exercise. 11.What you (do) at 7 p.m yesterday? 12.We didn’t recognize him. He (change) a lot. 13.He discovered to his horror that he (eat) a fly. 14.Where you (spend) your holiday last year? 15.He (do) nothing before he saw me. 16.All of them (sing) when I came. 17.She constantly (invite) me to lunch and dine with her once or twice a year 18.Why didn’t you listen while I (speak) to you? 19.They had sold all the books when we (get) there. 20.Where are you? – I’m upstairs. I (have) a bath. PASSIVE VOICE 10 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 I. BE + PAST PARTICIPLE II. TENSES ACTIVE 1. The simple present S + bare - V/ V-s/es 2. The pre. Continuous S + am/ is/ are + v-ing 3. The present perfect S + have/ has + PP 4. The simple past S + V2/ V-ed 5. The past continuous S + was/ were + V- ing 6. The past perfect S + have/ has + PP 7. The simple future S + will/ shall + bare-V 8. The near future S+ am/ is/ are going to+ bareV 9. The Modal verbs S + can/could/may...+ bare-V PASSIVE S + am/is /are + PP S+ am/is / are/ + being + PP S + have/ has + been + PP S + was/ were + PP S + was/ were + be+ V -ing S + have/has + been + PP S + will/ shall + be + PP S+am/is/are going to+be+PP S + can/could/may + be + PP PASSIVE VOICE 1) A group of students have met their friends at the railway station........................................ 2) They didn't allow Tom to take these books home................................................................. 3) The teacher won't correct exercises tomorrow...................................................................... 4) How many trees did they cut down to build that fence?....................................................... 5) This well-known library attracts many people...................................................................... 6) All students attended the meeting.......................................................................................... 7) People say that he is intelligent............................................................................................. 8) He can't repair my bike.......................................................................................................... 9) Mary has operated Tom since 10 o'clock.............................................................................. 10) This is the second time they have written to us about this................................................... 11) Mr. Smith has taught us French for 2 years.......................................................................... 12) They didn't look after the children properly.......................................................................... 13) Nobody swept this street last week........................................................................................ 14) People drink a great deal of tea in England........................................................................... 15) People speak English all over the world................................................................................ 16) Tom was writing 2 poems...................................................................................................... 17) She often takes her dog for a walk......................................................................................... 18) How many lessons are you going to learn next month?....................................................... 19) She didn't introduce me to her mother................................................................................... 20) Someone had invented electric lights before I was born...................................................... 21) Farmers usually milk cows twice a day................................................................................. 22) He likes people to call him "sir"............................................................................................ 23) People know that Japan produces a wide range of cars........................................................ 24) Our teacher used to bid us talk in class................................................................................. 25) Don't let other see you............................................................................................................ 26) Workers were digging a large hole in the ground................................................................. 27) Before they took exams they had revised their lesson.......................................................... 28) The car knocked a woman down in the street....................................................................... 11 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 29) When he came home his father was reading a newspaper.................................................... 30) Cows were eating grass on the meadow................................................................................ 31) My cousin will meet you at the station.................................................................................. 32) She is running her own company........................................................................................... 33)Visitors must leave umbrellas and raincoats in the cloakroom............................................ 34) My mother used to make us clean the house........................................................................ 35) John hasn't finished his home work....................................................................................... 36) They suggested banning advertisements on TV.................................................................... 37) I will shut the door if you like................................................................................................ 38) We have just seen a horrible accident................................................................................... 39) What language do people speak in this country?.................................................................. 40) At 7 p.m., Mrs. Smith was making cakes.............................................................................. 41) He isn't going to buy that house............................................................................................. 42) When I was 18 years old my parents didn't allow me to go out in the evening................... 43) This terrorist has kept 3 hostages for a week........................................................................ 44) He hasn't seen you for years.................................................................................................. 45) The examiner will read the passage 3 times.......................................................................... 46) An earthquake destroyed the town........................................................................................ 47) He didn't type the letter last night.......................................................................................... 48) They will pick me up at my house......................................................................................... 49) When did you see him in that bank?..................................................................................... 50) My father will take me to Ho Chi Minh City next week...................................................... 51) A man returned the keys to me.............................................................................................. 52) Mary will see her friends off at the station........................................................................... 53) You were wearing your new hat when I met you yesterday................................................. 54) He is preparing everything for the presidential election....................................................... 55) Last Friday when I came to Jane's house she had finished all exercises............................. 56) They will have to pull down that building............................................................................. 57) He gave me a knife to cut this bread..................................................................................... 58) People usually steal a lot of goods from supermarkets......................................................... 59) Countries are finding a way to solve the problem................................................................. 60) He put the letter in the drawer, then he locked it up............................................................. 61) She can sew 3 shirts a day...................................................................................................... 62) By the end of this year we will have learnt 2,000 English words......................................... 63) Don't ask for another book until you finish this one............................................................. 64) We consider that she is the best singer.................................................................................. 65) Nobody has used this room for ages...................................................................................... 66) Her father was planting different kinds of flowers in the garden......................................... 67) I am translating an article from English into Vietnamese.................................................... 68) The Prime Minister is making a speech at the moment........................................................ 69) People said he had swallowed a safety pin............................................................................ 70) How many days did she spend finishing the work?.............................................................. 71) Someone is following us........................................................................................................ 72) She read the letter again and again last night........................................................................ 12 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 73) The doctor pulled out one of my teeth yesterday morning................................................... 74) The tailor has just made a new suit for me............................................................................ 75) Someone saw him pick up the gun........................................................................................ 76) He has caught a lion and shot 2 others.................................................................................. 77) He received a letter from home by the evening post............................................................. 78) I put the 5 pound note into one of my books yesterday........................................................ 79) After he had told a story, we clapped our hands................................................................... 80) His wife usually brings him sandwiches at lunch time......................................................... 81) They were continually asking questions............................................................................... 82) We have to pick fruit very early in the morning................................................................... 83) How many books do you give me?........................................................................................ 84) He always lost keys................................................................................................................ 85) The light went out while I was making a cup of tea............................................................. 86) When she went to Barcelona she learnt some Spanish......................................................... 87) The State will assign our students to different jobs.............................................................. 88) The Government launched the blood drive........................................................................... 89) The students of chemistry made many experiments last week............................................. 90) When will you do the work?.................................................................................................. 91) My brother has sent me this interesting book....................................................................... 92) She asked her mother to let her go......................................................................................... 93) He couldn't find his key......................................................................................................... 94) She used to pull my hat over my eyes................................................................................... 95) For the past years, I have done all my washing by hand...................................................... 96) A pair of robins have built a nest in the porch since last week............................................ 97) The police haven't found the murderer yet............................................................................ 98) They sold one of her own paintings at $1,000...................................................................... 99) I will put your gloves back in your drawer............................................................................ 100) Have you seen Philip lately?..................................................................................................................... 101) When did you receive my letter?............................................................................................................... 102) Mr. Speed is dictating 3 letters to Ann...................................................................................................... 103) I found the book boring............................................................................................................................. 104) Jack felled a tree in the garden yesterday.................................................................................................. 105) When I came back home my mother was preparing lunch........................................................................ 106) The house was dirty because we hadn't cleared it for weeks..................................................................... 107) People say that they bought this shop last year......................................................................................... 108) He wants her to write an article................................................................................................................. 109) My parents encouraged me to apply for this job....................................................................................... 110) A 70-year old pensioner, Mrs. Parker, found a puma in her back garden................................................. 111) A teacher should be a person that everyone can respect........................................................................... 112) If I collected a lot of shells on the beach I would give you some.............................................................. 113) People believed that the policeman had saved many children from the fire............................................. 114) European countries decided to put a high tax on petrol............................................................................ 115) People say that the decision imposes tight restrictions on cross-border trade........................................... 116) My sister often makes me do the washing up............................................................................................ 117) The policeman allows all vehicles to go when traffic lights are green...................................................... 118) Everyone believes him right...................................................................................................................... 119) We made her head of the class.................................................................................................................. 13 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 120) They were carrying the injured player off the field................................................................................... 121) I like you to take photographs................................................................................................................... 122) Haven't you yet found out information about the trains to Hanoi?........................................................... 123) Peter advised me not to sell this flat.......................................................................................................... 124) He urged the Government to pass the law................................................................................................. 125) She decided to paint her house blue.......................................................................................................... 126) My classmates used to call me John.......................................................................................................... 127) Mr. Brown will appoint Tom the director tomorrow................................................................................. 128) You should pay more attention to your study............................................................................................ 129) He heard the bell ring................................................................................................................................ 130) Did anyone take English books away?...................................................................................................... 131) The major ordered the soldiers to march................................................................................................... 132) Before we gave you our decision we had thought carefully...................................................................... 133) Do people use milk for making butter and cheese?................................................................................... 134) Did they build that house in 1972?............................................................................................................ 135) They didn't invite me to the birthday party................................................................................................ 136) The teacher will give her a prize if she works well................................................................................... 137) People said that he could swim across this river....................................................................................... 138) The policeman showed you the way to Thule zoo..................................................................................... 139) He won't tell me the truth about the situation............................................................................................ 140) They can see the valley from the top of this hill........................................................................................ 141) All the students choose him the monitor................................................................................................... 142) You must wash your hands........................................................................................................................ 143) My favorite football team hasn't won many matches so far this season.................................................... 144) My father has used this bicycle for 5 years............................................................................................... 145) The government is taking measures to attract foreign investment............................................................ 146) Someone broke into her house last night................................................................................................... 147) How do you spend this amount of money?............................................................................................... 148) Pauld didn't tell me the ending of the story............................................................................................... 149) She needs English for her work................................................................................................................. 150) Have you seen any good films so far?....................................................................................................... 151) They didn't see you at the bus stop............................................................................................................ 152) How did you break your leg?.................................................................................................................... 153) My dog is attacking the postman............................................................................................................... 154) I couldn't catch any fish............................................................................................................................. 155) Mrs. White was drawing diagrams on the blackboard.............................................................................. 156) Most of the boys listened to the teacher attentively.................................................................................. 157) She promised not to report me to the police.............................................................................................. 158) I believed one of the dogs had discovered some cannabis........................................................................ 159) The cashier used to do the accounts.......................................................................................................... 160) The computer can do all the accounts....................................................................................................... 161) My dictionary doesn't give any example of this word............................................................................... 162) The local council decided to rebuild the house opposite the college......................................................... 163) She asked me to lend her $10.................................................................................................................... 164) She is going to buy a cookery book........................................................................................................... 165) The policeman is sticking a parking ticket to the windscreen................................................................... 166) All the tourist guides can speak at least 3 foreign languages.................................................................... 167) Mr. Nam gives lectures in universities everyday....................................................................................... 168) How do you make a survey?...................................................................................................................... 169) I found this baby bird at the foot of a tree................................................................................................. 170) She couldn't catch his name....................................................................................................................... 14 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 171) I needn't wind this watch........................................................................................................................... 172) They were watching her on closed circuits TV......................................................................................... 173) They can't carry the piano upstairs............................................................................................................ 174) He often sends postcards to his mother..................................................................................................... 175) Daisy is hanging all the washing out......................................................................................................... 176) Why did people think Halloween was important?..................................................................................... 177) Why don't you write a novel?.................................................................................................................... 178) He saw you shopping................................................................................................................................. 179) Will you post this letter on the way to work?............................................................................................ 180) Children should teat old men with respect................................................................................................ 181) She is taking care of the baby girl............................................................................................................. 182) He immediately accepted his guilt............................................................................................................ 183) I am sure that I will prepare everything carefully...................................................................................... 184) I advise my sister to put her moneybox under the carpet.......................................................................... 185) How many ways can you solve this problem?........................................................................................... 186) He gave the magazine back to me............................................................................................................. 187) Tom borrowed her book and lost it............................................................................................................ 188) Someone turned on a light and opened the door........................................................................................ 189) Lan left her bag in the classroom.............................................................................................................. 190) Some students haven't submitted their assignments to the teacher on time.............................................. 191) They brought their children up in Italy...................................................................................................... 192) After 10 minutes he will call us in............................................................................................................ 193) They are repairing my piano now.............................................................................................................. 194) You must keep dogs outside shops............................................................................................................ 195) The postman usually leaves letters in the hall........................................................................................... 196) You can't wear this shirt because it is very small...................................................................................... 197) The government is launching an anti - smuggling campaign.................................................................... 198) He can speak 4 foreign languages............................................................................................................. 199) She used to make cloth puppets................................................................................................................. INDIRECT SPEECH I. DIRECT SPEECH: 1. Statement: ( Câu thông báo, gồm câu khẳng định và câu phủ định) a. Affirmative: Jason said, " Tom has worked here since last year." Negative : I don't like that house", she said. 2. Questions: a. Yes- No question: Are you tired?", Tom asked me./ Do you work here?", Tom asked. b. Wh/ How- questions: " When did you go to bed last night?", the policeman asked him. " How long have you been there?", Jason asked. 3. Command and request: Go away!", she told us. — " Open the door, please", she requested. 4. Exclamation: How intelligent he is!", she said. — " What a lovely garden!" II. INDIRECT SPEECH: 1.1. Indirect speech thường dùng để kể lại, thuật lại lời nói của người khác 1.2. Reporting verbs: E.g. a. " Where did you go last night?", Mary asked John. 15 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 Mary asked John where he had gone the night before. ( Khi reporting verb(s) ở present / future thì chúng ta thay đổi ừ liên quan đến người; khi reporting verb(s) ở quá khứ, chúng ta phải thay đổi tenses, persons, adverbs và đôi khi cả động từ) b. - I shall come back to this restaurant .", he said. E.g. He has said that he will come back to that restaurant. He said that he would come back to that restaurant. 1.3. Changing persons: I → he/ she; me/you → him/her; my → his/ her We → they ; us → them; our → their Mine → his/hers ; our → theirs ; myself → himself/herself. 1.4. Changing tenses: * General rule : “ We have to go one tense back if reporting verb is at a past tense”. 1. Present → Past ; 2. Past → Past perfect ; 3. Future → Future in the Past * Present perfect → Past perfect * Future perfect → Modal perfect (would have V3/Ved) * can → could/ may → might / have to, has to → had to/ * must → had to or must ( deduction or possibility): → He said that George must be a fool to behave like that. * mustn’t (prohibition) → mustn’t / couldn’t : → The guard said we mustn’t / couldn’t cross the border. * needn’t → didn’t have to, needn’t. → The boss said that I needn’t/ didn’t have to come in the next day. * shall (future) → would : “ I shall tell him exactly what I think,” she said → She said she would tell him exactly what she thought. * shall ( offers, suggestions, requests for advice) → should: - “ Shall I speak to him in person?”, she asked.→ She asked whether she should speak to him in person. • Unchanging: would rather/ had better/ should/ ought to/ used to/ had + V3/ conditionals 2,3/ past subjunctive… 1.5. Changing time: Now → then/ immediately; today → that day; tonight → that night ; Yesterday → the previous day/ the day before; last night → the night before Tomorrow → the next day/ the following day; two days ago → two days before/ earlier The day after tomorrow → two days after. The day before yesterday → two days before/ earlier 1.6. Changing adverbs of place: Here → there ; this place → that place 1.7. Changing verbs: come/ bring → go/ take * Jason said to me,” I’ll go to your birthday party.” Jason said that he would come to my birthday party 16 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 III. HOW TO CHANGE : 1. Statement: said (to O) S + told (O) THAT S + V (changed) + ( O/ C/ A) reported … 1. “ I like your dress.”, she said to me. → She tells me that she likes my dress. 2. “ I like your dress.”, she said to me. → She told me that she liked my dress. 3. “ You haven’ t learnt well recently.”, they said to Jason. → They said to/ told Jason that he hadn’ t learnt well recently. 2. QUESTIONS: 2.1. Yes- No question: asked O S + wondered IF/WHETHER S +V (ch) + ( O/C/A) wanted to know IF/ WHETHER: (liệu có hay không.) 1. He asked me," Do you like these trousers?" - He asked me if I liked those trousers. 2. "Will you go to school next Sunday, Jack?" asked Mary. - Mary asked Jack whether he would go to school the next Sunday. Notes: a. Yes and no are expressed in indirect speech by: subject + appropriate auxiliary verb: - He said, 'Can you swim?' and I said 'No' . → He asked (me) if I could swim and I said I couldn't. -He said, 'Will you have time to do it?' and I said 'Yes' → He asked if I would have time to do it and I said that I would. b. whether can emphasize that a choice has to be made: - 'Do you want to go by air or sear the travel agent asked → The travel agent asked whether I wanted to go by air or by sea. * Note whether or not: 'Do you want to insure your luggage or not?”, he asked → He asked whether or not I wanted to insure my luggage or → He asked if I wanted to insure my luggage or not. c. whether + infinitive is possible after wonder, want to know: 'Shall/Should I wait for them or go on?”, he wondered → He wondered whether to wait for them or go on or → He wondered whether he should wait for them or go on. d. whether is neater if the question contains a conditional clause as otherwise there would be two ifs.: 'If you get the job will you move to York?' Bill asked → Bill asked whether, if I got the job, I'd move to York. 17 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 2.2. Wh- questions: asked O S + wondered wh- / how- S +V (ch) + ( O/C/A) wanted to know * Wh-: Who/ whom/ whose/ what/ which/ when/ where/ why... * How-: How long/ how far/ how often/ how old... 1. "Where did you go yesterday?" → I asked her where she had gone the day before. 2. They asked ," How can you repair this machine, John?" → They asked John how he could repair that machine. 3."Why did the dog bark violently last night, Daisy?", asked Tom. → Tom asked Daisy why the dog had barked violently the night. 3. COMMAND & REQUEST: asked/ told…. S + ordered…. + O + ( not) to infinitive… requested/ advised * Don’ t → Not to infinitive 1. The teacher told students," Open your books now." → The teacher told students to open their books then/ immediately. 2." Don't enter this area.", said the guard to the boys. → The guard ordered the boys not to enter that area. 4. EXCLAMATION: 4.1. S + exclaimed / said / told (O) that + S + V (ch.) + (O/C/A) He said, “ What a dreadful idea!” or “ How dreadful!” → He exclaimed/ said that it was a dreadful idea/ was dreadful. 4.2. S + exclaimed/ said / told (O) + what (a/an) adj N (s) + S + V(ch.) + how adj/ adv. + S + V (ch.) He said, “ What a dreadful idea!” or “ How dreadful!” → He said that what a dreadful idea it was/ how dreadful it was. 4.3. S + gave an exclamation of delight/ disgust/ horror/ relief/ 18 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 surprise… “ Good.”, he exclaimed. → He gave an exclamation of pleasure/ satisfaction. 4.4. With an exclamation of delight/ disgust/ horror…, S + V + ( O/ C/ A) “ Ugh!”, she exclaimed and turned the programme off. With an exclamation of disgust, she turned the programme off NOTES: a . Other types of exclamation, such as Good!/ Marvellous! (Tuy ệt!)/ Splendid!(H ết s ẩy!) Heavens!( Trời ơi!)/ Oh!(O!)/ Uah!(ghê quá!) etc. can be reported as, in (b) or (c) above: b. Note also: He said, 'Thank you!' = He thanked me. He said, 'Curse this fog!' = He cursed the fog.( nguyền rủa, chửi rủa) He said, 'Good luck!' = He wished me luck. He said, 'Happy Christmas!' = He wished me a happy Christmas. He said, 'Congratulations!' = He congratulated me. He said, 'Liar!' = He called me a liar. He said, 'Damn!'etc. = He swore. The notice said: WELCOME TO WALES'. =The notice welcomed visitors to Wales. NOTES: 1. Had better : She said to Jason,” You’d better arrive on time,” → She said that Jason had better arrive on time. → She advised Jason to arrive on time 2. “ If I were you…” : “ If I were you, I should get another lawyer.”, she said. → She said that if she were me, she would get another lawyer. (LM, p.291) → She advised me to get another lawyer. → She told me that I should get another lawyer. 3. “ What about…?” → suggest : “ What about go camping?”, he continued. → He suggested going camping. 4. “ Why don’t you…?” → suggest / advise : She asked, “ Why don’t you visit Jane?” → She suggested that I (should) visit Jane. → She suggested my visiting Jane → She advised me to visit Jane. 5. “ Will…you?”/ Would…you?” / “ Could… you?” → “ say that…be + to inf.”/ “ suggest. that….(should) V…” / “ order that…” / “ order SO to do sth”… “ Will you stop talking?”, said the teacher. → The teacher ordered(told) them to stop talking. → The teacher said that they were to stop talking. → The teacher suggested that they (should) stop talking. 6. “ Would you mind + Ving…?” → ask … to inf / ask if….would mind + V-ing. 19 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 “ Would you mind opening the window?”, said Jason to the boy. → Jason asked the boy to open the window. → Jason asked the boy if he would mind opening the window. 7. “ Let’s….” → suggest + V-ing / suggest that….shoul + V … Marie said to her friends, “ Let’s wait here.” → Marie suggested their waiting there. → Marie suggested that they should wait there. 8.“ Let + O + V …” → ask….to let…. “ Let me go”, said Jason to his principal teacher. → Jason asked his principal teacher to let him go. • Reporting command and request depends on situation, speaker’s position, which helps to choose the accurate reporting verb. • Some famous verbs that are used to report command& request 1. advise SO (not) to do sth: (khuyen ai nen lam/ khong nen lam viec gi) * The doctor advised the patient to take those pills. * Teacher usually advises his/her students not to smoke. 2. apologize (to SO) for doing/ having done sth: ( xin loi ai vì da lam gi) * She apologized (to her boss) for being late yesterday. 3. ask/ tell sO (not) to do sth: ( yeu cau, sai, bao ai lam/ khong lam gi) * My parents asked me to study hard. * Jason told us (not) to shut the door. 4. command/ order sO to do sth: ( ra lenh cho ai phai lam gi) * The officer commanded/ ordered his men to fire. 5. object to (doing) sth: ( phan doi (lam) viec gi) * I strongly objected to being charged a fee for using my credit card. Object + that : I objected that he was too young for the job. 6. request sO to do sth: (yeu cau ai lam gì) – be requested to do sth : (duoc yeu cau lam gi) * The police requested drivers to take care on the icy road. ( Drivers were requested to take care on the icy road.) 7. suggest : goi y/ de nghi Suggest + V-ing: - He suggested taking the children to the zoo. Suggest + that : - I suggested that we (should) break for lunch now. Suggest (to SO) that: - I suggested to the others that they could join us. 8. remind sO to do sth: ( nhac ai laøm gi) * Please remind me to buy a loaf of bread. 9. deny doing sth/ deny that : phu nhan, khong thua nhan (da lamgi). * She denied knowing anything about it. * He denied that he had been involved. 10. accuse sO of (doing) sth: ( len an ai da lam gi) * The policeman accused the boy of stealing the bicycle. * Jason accused his neighbor of thief 20 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 11. regret: hoi han/ hoi tiec: - regret + V-ing : - I regretted (his) ever raising the matter. - regret + that : - I regret that I cannot help. - regret + to inf. : We regret to inform you that your applications have been unsuccessful. 12. allow/ permit sO to do sth: cho phep ai lam gi 13. beg(ged) sO to do sth: cau xin ai lam gi. 14. urge sO to do sth: thuc giuc ai lam gi …… EXERCISES: I. 1 He said, 'Get out of my way.' 2 'Climb in through the window,' he ordered. 3 'Please pay at the desk,' said the assistant. 4 'Open your bag, please,' said the store detective. 5 'Don't worry about anything, Mrs. Pitt,' said her solicitor. 'Leave it all to me.' 6 'Don't use bent coins in a slot machine,' I warned him. 7 'Follow that car,' the detective said to the taxi-driver. 8 'Wash it in lukewarm water,' recommended the assistant. 9 'Have confidence in me,' urged the doctor. 10 'Take me up to the 33rd floor,' he said to the liftman. II. 1 'What happened to Mr. Budd?' said one of the men. 2 'Which of his sons inherited his estate?' asked another. 3 'Who is going to live in the big house?' enquired a third. 4 'What will happen to his racehorses?' asked someone else. 5 'Which team has won?' asked Ann. 6 'Which team won the previous match?' said Bill. 7 'Who is playing next week?' he asked. 8 'Who will be umpiring that match?' asked Tom. 9 'Who wants a lift home?' said Ann. 10 'Who has just dropped a $10 note?' I asked. III. 1 'What country do you come from?' said Bill. 2 'How long have you been here?' said Ann. 3 'Are you working as well as studying?' asked Peter. 4 'Have you got a work permit?' Bill wanted to know. 5 'What are you going to study?' asked Ann. 6 'Have you enrolled for more than one class?' said Peter. 7 'Do you want to buy any second-hand books?' said Bill. 8 'Have you seen the library?' asked Ann. 9 'Do you play rugby?' said Peter. 10 'Will you have time to play regularly?' he went on. IV. 1 Tom invited Ann to come for a drive the following day. 21 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 2 Ann accepted with pleasure and asked where he was thinking of going. 3 He said he'd leave it to her. 4 She suggested Stratford . . . 5 adding that she hadn't been there for ages. 6 Tom agreed and said that they might go on the river if it was a fine day. 7 Ann wondered what was on at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. 8 Tom said they'd find out when they got there ... 9 adding that it was usually possible to get seats on the day of the play. 10 He asked Ann if she could be ready by ten. V. 1. My friend said, "Are you going to leave tomorrow?" 2."Have you done your homework?", said my mother. 3. I asked Bill, "What time did you go to bed last night?" 4. Paul said "I must go home now." 5."There's been an accident and the road is blocked", said the policeman. 6. "We are waiting for the school bus", said the children. 7. Mary said, "My father died a year ago". 8."Must you go now?", said Mr. Brown. 9."Whose bicycle did you borrow yesterday?", his mother asked him. 10."It isn't so foggy today as it was yesterday", said the teacher. 11."Be modest if you are a good pupil", said my father. 12."Shut the door but don't lock it" she said to us. 13. Tom said, "New York is bigger than London". EXERCISE 5: Turn these sentences into reported speech: 1. “You took the money”, he said.(accuse) 2. “I stole his bicycle”, he said to the police.(admit) 3. He said to the police, “I didn’t steal the bike”.(deny) 4. He said, “I’m sorry I’m late”. (apologize) 5. “I’ll drive you to the airport. I insist.”, John said to Linda.(insist) 6. “I’m happy to hear that you have passed the final exam. Congratulations!”, Jim said to me. (congratulate) 7. “It was nice of you to invite me to dinner. Thank you.”, Miss White said to George. (thank) 8. Don’t play with the matches.”, I said to Jack. (warn….. against) 9. “I’m sorry I didn’t phone you earlier.”, Margaret said to him.(apologize) 10. “I’ve always wanted to be a pilot.”, Paul said to his friends.(dream) 11. “You didn’t do what I said.”, the mother said to her son. (accuse) 12. The police said to the thief, “You broke the traffic rules.” (blame) 13. The student said , “I didn’t cheat in the exam.” (deny) 14. Tom said to Kate, “I would drive you to the station.” (insist) 15. Ba said to his father, “I broke the window glass this morning.” (admit) 22 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 16. “We should go for a picnic on Sunday.”, said Linda. (suggest) 17. “I always want to be a rich man.”, said David. (dream ) 18. The manager told the visitors, “Don’t stay at the hotel near the airport.” (warn…… against / warn …to-inf) 19. “Let’s eat out tonight.’, said Tom. (suggest) 20. “It’s too expensive to have dinner at a restaurant.”, Tom objected. (object) 21. “I must have made a mistake in the calculations.”, said Mr Forest.(admit) 22. “I’ll pay for the meal.”, Sarah insisted. (insist) 23. Neil told us, “Perhaps we can go to Paris for the weekend.” (suggest) 24. “I’m sorry. I couldn’t come to visit you last summer.”, Kate said to her parents. (apologize) 25. “I hear you won the championship. Congratulations!”, Said Dane. (congratulate) 26. “I wish I’d asked for his name and address.”, said Tom. (regret) 27. James said to Daisy, “You are selfish.” (accuse) 28. “You mustn’t drink too much caffeine.”, Marta said to Martin. (warn…… against / warn …to-inf)) 29. “We should take the jumper back to the shop.”, Jack said to us.(recommend + O + to-inf / recommend + gerund) 30. “It’s not true! I have never been arrested by the police.”, Larry said. (deny) EXERCISE 6: Complete the following sentences without changing their meanings: 1. The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.” The doctor advised me ............... 2. Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.” Mary suggested .................................................... 3. “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said. Bill denied ................................................... 4. “You told a lie, Tom”, she said. She accused Tom ..................................................... 5. “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary. Mary apologized for ............................................................................... 6. “I won’t help you with your homework. Never ! ” Jane said to me. Jane refused .... 7. Joe said, “Please come to my party.” Joe invited........................................................ 8. Mr. Gray said, “Don’t play in the street.” Mr. Gray warned the children not ........... 9. “Would you like to come on a picnic with us? They invited ..................................... 10. “Please don’t tell anybody what happened.” He asked ............................................ 11. “If you don’t give me a pay rise. I’ll resign.” She threatened .................................. 12. “I’ll finish the work by the end of this week.” John promised ................................ 13. “You ought to take a break, Andrew.” She advised.................................................. 14. “Don’t forget to go to the supermarket after work.” They reminded ...................... 15. “Stay away from me.” Tom warned .......................................................................... 16. “Why don’t we sing a few songs?” He suggested .................................................... 17. “You can’t run out of the garden,” Ms. Kelly said to the children. Ms. Kelly prevented the children ................................................................ 18. “Are you the new manager, Daisy? Congratulations!” said Bill. Bill congratulated . 19. “Please give me some more money, Mum,” Daisy said. Daisy insisted her mother . 20. “You can stay in my house when I am on holiday.” Jim told us ............................. .21. “I’ve been spending a lot more time with my children.” He said ........................... 22. “John left here an hour ago.” She told me ................................................................ 23. “Oh, I’m too hot.” He said ........................................................................................ 24. “Are you enjoying yourself?” He wanted to know ................................................... 23 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 25. “What’s the weather like?” She asked me ................................................................ 26. “Will Ted and Alice be at the party?” She asked us ................................................. 27. “Does Ann always go to church on Sundays?” He wondered .................................. 28. “How can I solve the problem?” I wanted to know .................................................. 29. “Did you study hard for the exam?” She asked ........................................................ 30. “What did you think of the performance yesterday? She asked me......................... MÖnh ®Ò quan hÖ A. Grammar. I. Relative clauses - MÖnh ®Ò quan hÖ * MÖnh ®Ò quan hÖ hay cßn ®îc gäi lµ mÖnh ®Ò tÝnh ng÷, v× nã dïng ®Ó bæ nghÜa hay nãi vÒ danh tõ chØ ngêi, vËt ®øng tríc nã. MÖnh ®Ò quan hÖ thêng b¾t ®Çu b»ng mét ®¹i tõ quan hÖ. 1. §¹i tõ quan hÖ: (relative pronouns): Gåm cã ®¹i tõ quan hÖ chØ ngêi - Who, Whom, That. Và đại từ quan hệ chit vật - WHICH - Who: lµ ®¹i tõ quan hÖ chØ ngêi, nã bæ nghÜa cho danh tõ chØ ngêi ®øng vÕ tríc vµ lµm chñ ng÷ cho mÖnh ®Ò sau. Ex: I know a lot of people. They live in Ho Chi Minh city. I know a lot of people who live in HCM city. The boy is my son. He is in red hat The boy who is in red hat is my son - Whom: lµ ®¹i tõ quan hÖ chØ ngêi, nã bæ nghÜa cho danh tõ chØ ngêi ®øng tríc vµ lµm t©n ng÷ cña mÖnh ®Ò sau. Ex: This is the girl. You wanted to meet her last week. This is the girl who you wanted to meet last week. - Which: lµ ®¹i tõ quan hÖ chØ ngêi, nã bæ nghÜa cho danh tõ chØ vËt ®øng vÕ tríc vµ lµm chñ ng÷ cho mÖnh ®Ò sau. Ex: I lost the pen. It is red. I lost the pen which is red - Which : lµ ®¹i tõ quan hÖ chØ ngêi, nã bæ nghÜa cho danh tõ chØ ngêi ®øng vÕ tríc vµ lµm t©n ng÷ cho mÖnh ®Ò sau. ex: The book is for reference. I bought it 2 years ago. This book which I bought for 2 years ago is for reference 2. §¹i tõ quan hÖ së h÷u - Whose. lµ ®¹i tõ quan hÖ së h÷u, nã bæ nghÜa cho danh tõ chØ ngêi vÕ tríc vµ lµm tÝnh tõ së h÷u cña mÖnh ®Ò sau. Ex: The girl is very beautiful. Her dress is red. The girl WHOSE dress is red is beautiful 3. Tr¹ng tõ quan hÖ: Where / When - WHERE: lµ tr¹ng tõ quan hÖ chØ n¬i chèn, nã bæ nghÜa cho danh tõ chØ n¬i chèn ë vÕ tríc vµ lµm trang ng÷ chØ n¬i chèn cña mÖnh ®Ò sau. EX: Kim Lien is the village . Uncle was born in this village. Kim Lien is the village WHERE Uncle Ho was born - WHEN: lµ tr¹ng tõ quan hÖ chØ thêi gian nã bæ nghÜa cho danh tõ chØ thêi gian ë vÕ tríc vµ lµm trang ng÷ chØ thêi gian cña mÖnh ®Ò sau. Ex: Lunar New Year is the days. Family member gather on that days Lunar New Year is the days WHEN family member gather 24 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 II. Other forms: Mét sè d¹ng kh¸c 7. Making suggestions: S + suggest + V-(ing) + ... S1 + suggest + (that) + S2 + should + V(infinitive) +... 8. Adverbs clauses of concession: although/ though/ even though : mÆc dï (chØ sù nhîng bé) Ex: He went to school although/ though/ even though he was tired. B. Exercises E1: §iÒn ®¹i tõ quan hÖ ®óng (who, whom, which, whose) vµo c¸c kho¶ng trèng: 1. The boys……… are playing in the garden are my cousins. 2. He finally married the girl……. he loved. 3. The flowers…….my friend gave me have withered. 4. Mary is the girl……..bicycle was stolen yesterday. 5. The vegetables……..Mr Green sells are not fresh. 6. Is this the book….you lost? 7. The singer…..you like best is Miss White. 8. The street…..leands to my school is very wide. 9. Your friend, …… name I can’t remember, made a lot of noise. 10.The rever from…….we get our water-supply is nearly empty. E2: KÕt hîp c¸c cÆp c©u sau, sö dông ®¹i tõ quan hÖ Who, Whom, Which, Whose 1. Alice is my friend. Alice’s mother died last year. 2. The boy will be punished. He threw that stone. 3. My sister wants to speak to you. You met my sister yesterday. 4. The flowers were roses. I bought the flowers for my sister. 5. Do you know the boy? He sat next to me at the dinner party. 6. Swimming makes people strong. Swimming is a good sport. 7. The woman is a nurse. Wwe saw the woman’s daughter last week. 8. The man is the doctor. My parents bought the man’s house. 9. The car was very modern. Mr Green was driving the car. 10.the paint on the chair is still wet. You are sitting on that chair. 11.The man is a secretary. You saw the man at the desk. 12.The house was built twenty years ago. We are living in the house. 13.The girl is very beautiful. Her dress is red. 14.Wiliam is my uncle. I went fishing with Wiliam last Sunday. 15.Jane is a woman. Jane is going to China next year. E3: Nèi c¸c cÆp c©u sau ®©y dïng cÆp tõ quan hÖ When, Where. 1. That’s the room. The meeting is help in that room. 2. I’ll always remember the day. I first saw that sight on that day. 3. She was born in Malaysia. Rubber trees grow well there. 4. No one knows the school. My uncle taught at that school 10 years ago. 5. Please ask them the time. The train started the trip at that time. 6. New Year’s Day is a day. All family members gather and enjoy a family dinner then. 7. There are many hotels. Tourists can enjoy their holidays there. 25 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 8. We’ll take you to Dalat. You can enjoy pure air there. 9. You can’t enjoy hiking in winter. Snow covers everything in winter. 10.The field is very fertile. They plant potatoes in the field. EX1 Fill in the blank with : WHO, WHOM, WHICH, WHERE, WHEN, WHOSE 1. What is the name of the girl …………… is wearing a white blouse? 2. I don’t like food……………… is very spicy. 3. Do you see the girl ………………… you told me last night? 4. Last week, I return to my home village………………… I was born. 5. I never forget the day …………………….. you gave me s surprise birthday party. 6. He is the man…………. friends always trust him. 7. The hotel ……………… we stayed wasn’t very clean. 8. Is there any thing…………………. I can do? 9. The girl ……………………. eyes are blue is Miss Lan. 10. I enjoy reading the book…………………… my mother gave me on my last birthday. EX2. Rewrite the sentences, using “ Relative Clauses” 1.This is the student. I talked to him last night . → ............................................................................................................................ 2.She is taking about the girl .The girl learn with her daughter. → ............................................................................................................................ 3.The lion tamer is rather tall .Her hair is black. → ............................................................................................................................ 4.The chair was broken .My father used to on it . → ............................................................................................................................ 5.Christmas Day is the day .We often have festivals on it . → ............................................................................................................................ 6.The schoolyard was in bad condition. We used to play on it . → ............................................................................................................................ EX3 Use the relative pronouns to combine these sentences : 1.They are talking about the clowns .The clowns made them excited. ...................................................................................................... 2.I was sitting on the chair .It suddenly collapsed....................................................................................................................................... 3.The city was beautiful .We spent our holidays there................................................................................................................................. 4.May Day is the day .We will come on that day................................................................................................................................ 5.I saw some houses .Most of them were still good ............................................................................................................................... 6.You never tell me the thing . You know it ............................................................................................................................... 7.The car was broken down. The roof of the car was damaged................................................................................................................. 26 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 8.Do you know her ? The girl is sitting behind me . ................................................................................................................. EX4. Choose the best answer : 1. She feels tired and sleepy .............................. (so/ because/ but/ and) she stayed up late watching TV, last night. 2. William suggested .............................. (to stay/ staying/ stay/ stayed) at home for a change. 3. What about .............................. (to go/ go/ going/ have gone) for a ride? 4. Can you turn .............................. (on/ off/ in/ for) the light? It’s too dark. 5. If it is raining this evening, I .............................. (will go out/ don’t go out/ go out/ won’t go out). 6. The baby .............................. (laughed happy/ happily laughs/ laughed happily/ happy laughed) as she played with her toy. 7. Who is going to .............................. (look for/ look up/ look after/ look out) your children when you are at work? 8. Mary’s eyes are weak.............................. (but/ however/ and/ therefore), she has to wear classes. 9. (Why don’t we/ I suggest/ How about/ Let’s) ..............................put all the guests on the first floor? 10. I am very tired .............................. (so/ because/ but/ and) I have to finish my homework before going to bed. 11. She missed the train .............................. (so/ because/ but/ and), she went to work late. 12. Lan suggested .............................. (to go/ going/ go/ went) out. 13. Let’s .............................. (to go/ go/ going/ have gone) for a ride. 14. Can you turn .............................. (on/ off/ in/ for) the TV? I want to see the film . 15. If it is raining tomorrow, I .............................. (will stay/ don’t stay/ stay/ won’t stay) at home. 16. The baby .............................. (cried loud/ loudly cried/ cried loudly/ loud cried) as Ba picked her up. 17. Who is going to .............................. (look for/ look up/ look after/ look out) your house when you are out? 18. I was tired .............................. (but/ however/ and/ therefore), I went to bed. 19. (Why don’t we/ I suggest/ How about/ Let’s) ..............................putting all the guests on the first floor? 20. Lan is very tired (..............................so/ because/ but/ and) she has to finish my homework before going out. 21. Our teacher asked us .............................. ( to work / work / working ) hard for the exams . 22. .We should .............................. (select /destroy / recycle / produce ) waste paper to save money and labor . 23. They were amused .............................. ( in / at/ about / with ) the T.V programs ,last night . 24. Oliver Twist and other boys in the orphanage were .............................. ( well-educated / well-treated /illtreated ) . 25. Oliver Twist was.............................. ( happy/ unhappy / beloved ) that he ran away to London. Read and answer: In many secondary schools in Britain, wearing uniform is compulsory. Many schools say that there are many disadvantages to this system. Most students don’t like school uniform. They say that they don’t have a chance to change their clothes. The main reason why most students don’t like school uniform is because most schools choose such colors and styles that don’t suit young people at all. 1. Is wearing uniform in many secondary schools in Britain compulsory or optional? …………………………………………………………………………………. 27 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 2. Do most students like school uniform? …………………………………………………………………………………. 3. What do they say? …………………………………………………………………………………. 4. Why do most students dislike school uniform? …………………………………………………………………………………. EX6 Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks :2 books, reading , research, small, developing , love, , reference, library cards ,library My friend's mother works in the (1).................... in my school .It's rather (2)...................but well-equipped. So, she's busy all the day long. She always stands at her desk and is ready to help those who come there to read or to do (3)..............................After receiving the readers' (4) ................................., she helps them to use the cardcatalogue and find the (5) .............................. they want to borrow. She always feels happy to satisfy all the readers' needs because she thinks the books are helpful in (6) ........................................ the children’s intelligence and creating their (7)...................... for (8)................................. . EX7- Choose A, B, C, D to complete the passage:1,5 These days it is impossible to open a newspaper without reading about the damage we are doing to the environment. The earth is being polluted (1)………the future looked bad. (2)……..can each of us do? We cannot clean up our polluted rivers and seas overnight. Nor we can stop the (3)…………….. of plants and animals. But we can stop adding to the problem while scientists look for the answers. It may not be easy to change your lifestyle (4)……………….but some steps are easy to take: cut down the amount of driving you do, or use as little plastic as possible. It is also easy to save (5) ……………., which also reduces the household bills. We must all make a personal decision to work for the future of our earth if we want to ensure a better world (6)…………our grandchildren. 1. A. and B. however C. so D. moreover 2. A. where B. when C. why D. what 3. A. appear B. appearance C. disappear D. disappearance 4. A. complete B. completeness C. completely D. to complete 5. A. coffee B. energy C. money D. health 6. A. from B. for C. to D. in EX8 - Fill in the gap withsuitable word in the box farming destroying serious cooperation (su hop tac) important fast Nowadays, people are destroying rain forests of the earth (17) ................ It is estimated that every year 100,000 square kilometers of rain forests are destroyed for the supply of wood paper and fuel as well as for the (18)........... land. Rain forests are very (19)..............for the world climate .They receive the rainfall on the earth and produce a large amount of the world’s oxygen. (20) ............ rain forests, therefore, is destroying our environment . Saving rain forests is an (21) .............problem. Nations need (22) ....... To save rain forests, if not it will be late. EX9- Read the passage and choose the best answers: (2pts) People from North America and Europe are interested in saving natural (21)_________. As the world’s energy resources (coal, gas, and oil) (22)______limited, they try not to waste them. Like foodstuff, 28 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 water and electricity are (23)_________in people’s lives, (24)__________they are used economically in most households. Nowadays, most (25)___________bulbs are replaced with energy-saving ones. As a result, a lot of electricity is (26)__________, and the costs of the electricity (27)__________are reduced. When buying a new appliance, consumers are often interested (28)__________knowing how energy-efficient each model is. 21. A. beauty B. environnent C. sources D. ressources 22. A. is B. are C. has D. have 23. A. necessities B. luxuries C. resources D. appliances 24. A. and B. because C. but D. so 25. A. light B. standard C. saving D. cheap 26. A. used B. spent C. saved D. wasted 27. A. bills B. accounts C. wastes D. counters 28. A. at B. of C. in D. about EX10. Read the following passage and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F). (2 points) There are many celebrations throughout the year in Viet Nam, but Tet or the Lunar New Year is the most important celebration for Vietnamese people. Tet usually occurs in late January or early February. A few days before Tet is the time for people to clean and decorate their homes. During Tet, people, old and young, enjoyed special food cooked on the occasion of Tet. It is also the time for family members to be together. T F 1. The Lunar New Year is another name for Tet 2. Tet usually begins in early January 3. People often make their houses nice and new for Tet. 4. Tet is the time for family reunions EX11. Correct the tense and form of the verbs. My uncle (be) …………(1)…….. an engineer. He (be) …………(2)…….. an engineer for 15 years. He now (work) …………(3)…….. in a factory in Binh Duong. He like (play) …………(4)…….. football. He (go ) …………(5)…….. to play football once a week at an amateur football club in the town. Last month he (go) …………(6)…….. to Singapore. He (stay ) …………(7)…….. in a hotel by the sea and (swim ) …………(8)…….. a lot. Since he (return) …………(9)…….. home, I (not see) …………(10)…….. him but I hear H (travel) …………(11)…….. to France next week. I hope to meet him soon EX12: Each of the sentence has a mistake. Find and correct it. 1. If she will come this afternoon, we’ll take her to the Water Park. ……………………………………………………………… 2. He might staying at home today because he isn’t very well. ……………………………………………………………… 3. The boy which he met you yesterday in my closest friend. ……………………………………………………………… 4. Linh didn’t send me any postcard since she went on holiday. ……………………………………………………………… 5. My teacher suggested to give lessons to poor children ……………………………………………………………… 1. The conditional sentence (C©u ®iÒu kiÖn) 29 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 Mét c©u ®iÒu kiÖn thêng cã hai mÖnh ®Ò lµ mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh vµ mÖnh ®Ò phô (mÖnh ®Ò if). MÖnh ®Ò phô cã thÓ ®Æt tríc hoÆc ®Æt sau mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh. Cã 3 lo¹i c©u ®iÒu kiÖn c¨n b¶n sau: I. C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i 1: Dïng ®Ó diÔn t¶ ®iÒu kiÖn cã thÓ x¶y ra ë hiÖn t¹i hoÆc t¬ng lai MÖnh ®Ò phô víi If Simple present MÖnh ®Ò chÝnh Simple future Simple present Bare infinitive. VÝ dô: If I have time, I shall visit you. John usually walks to school if he has enough time. If you hear from Jane, please call me. II. C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i 2: Dïng ®Ó diÔn t¶ ®iÒu kiÖn kh«ng cã thËt x¶y ra ë hiÖn t¹i MÖnh ®Ò phô víi If MÖnh ®Ò chÝnh Past Subjunctive Would (To be chia were ë c¸c ng«i, ®éng tõ Could thêng chia ë qu¸ khø) Should +V Might VÝ dô: If I had much money, I would buy a new bicycle. (I don’t have money) If you practised English every day, you could speak if fluently. If I were you, I would not tell him about that. Exercises: Dïng h×nh thøc cho c¸c ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc: 1. If you (go) away, please write to me. 2. If he (eat) another cake, he will be sick. 3. If it is convenient, let’s (meet) at nine o’clock. 4. I (not do) that if I (be) you. 5. If he (take) my advice, everything can go well. 6. He never does his homework. If he (do) his homework, he (not worry) about his examination. 7. It’s too bad we lost the game. If you (play) for us, we (win). 8. What you (do) if she refuses your invitation? 9. If today (be)Sunday, we (go) to beach. 10.They (make) fewer mistakes if they were more carefull. 11.You (be) ill if you drilk that water. 12.If Tom (go) to bed earlier, he would not be so tired. 13.If it’s raining heavily, we (not go) for a donkey ride. 14.If he (try) hard, he’ll pass the examination. 15.I could understand the French teacher if she (speak) more slowly. 2. C¸ch dïng cña ®éng tõ “ wish” §éng tõ “wish” (íc ao, mong íc) thêng ®îc dïng ®Ó diÔn t¶ nh÷ng íc muèn, nh÷ng ®iÒu kh«ng cã thËt hoÆc rÊt khã thùc hiÖn. I. Future wish: (íc muèn ë t¬ng lai) 30 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 CÊu tróc: S + wish(es) + S + Would + V VÝ dô: I wish I would go to the moon tomorrow. My mother wishes she would visit London some day. II. Present wish: (íc muèn ë hÖn t¹i) CÊu tróc: S + wish(es) + S + V (®éng tõ to be chia were/ ®éng tõ thêng chia qu¸ khø) VÝ dô: I wish I wree at the seaside now. He wiskes he could speak English fluently. Exercise 1: §Æt ra nh÷ng íc muèn tr¸i víi nhòng sù kiÖn sau ®©y. 1. I don’t have time to study. 2. My friend, John lost his pen. 3. I can’t answer th questions. 4. They will leave for France next week. 5. We are not living in England. 6. She won’t visit me began. 7. He is so stupid. 8. My younger brother play in the street all day. Exercise 2: Dïng h×nh thøc ®óng cña ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc 1. I wish I (see) that film on television again. 2. We wish she (be) our teacher of English. 3. I wish our team (play) better next time. 4. I wish I (be) a lion tamer. 5. I wish I (can) play the piano. 6. The little boy wishes he (become) an acrobat when he grows up. 3. Comparison (so s¸nh) I. So s¸nh b»ng nhau: As + adj/adv + As = b»ng, nh Ex: John is as tall as tom. She runs as quickly as her brother. Not as/ so…..as = kh«ng b»ng Less…….than = kÐm h¬n. Ex: He is not so good as his brother. I am less rich than you. II. So s¸nh h¬n: 1. §èi víi tÝnh tõ ng¾n (cã 1 vÇn), tÝnh tõ cã 2 vÇn tËn cïng b»ng “y”, “ow”, “er”, vµ tr¹ng tõ ng¾n cã mét vÇn: Adj/ adv + er + + than = h¬n Ex: Mr Brown is older thanh my father. He drives faster than I (do). 2. §èi víi c¸c tÝnh tõ cã 3 vÇn trë lªn hoÆc cã 2 vÇn nhng kh«ng cã tËn cïng b»ng “y”, “ow”, “er” vµ tr¹ng tõ dµi (tr¹ng tõ cã 2 vÇn trë lªn, trõ early): More + adj/adv + than = h¬n Ex: A car is more expensive than a bicycle. II. So s¸nh h¬n nhÊt: 31 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 1. §èi víi tÝnh tõ ng¾n (cã 1 vÇn), tÝnh tõ cã hai vÇn tËn cïng b»ng “y”, “ow”, “er” vµ tr¹ng tõ ng¾n (cã 1 vÇn): The + adj/adv + est = nhÊt Ex: Grandfather is the oldest in my family. 2. §èi víi c¸c tÝnh tõ cã 3 vÇn trë lªn hoÆc cã 2 vÇn nhng kh«ng cã tËn cïng b»ng “y”, “ow”, “er” vµ tr¹ng tõ dµi (tr¹ng tõ cã 2 vÇn trë lªn, trõ early): The most + adj/adv = nhÊt. Ex: This is the most difficult lesson in the book. • Mét sè trêng hîp ®Æc biÖt cña tÝnh tõ vµ tr¹ng tõ TÝnh tõ/ Tr¹ng tõ So s¸nh h¬n So s¸nh nhÊt Good/ well Better The best Bad/ badly Worse The worst Many/ much More The most Littele Less The least Far Farther The farthest Further The furthest Ex: This novel is better than that one. He speaks English worse than other students. Exercise: §Æt tÝnh tõ trong ngoÆc ë d¹ng so s¸nh ®óng. 1. Gold is (precious) than iron. 2. Cigarette paper is (thin) of all papers. 3. My bicycle is (expensive) as yours 4. The weather today is (warm) than the weather yesterday. 5. This film is not (good) as the one we saw last week. 6. Holidays are (pleasant) than working days. 7. Which is ( high) mountain in your country? 8. a horse is (strong) than a dog. 9. Robert is (fat) than his brother. 10.The Pacific is (large) ocean in the world. 11.Is he (studious) as his sister? 12.My cold is (bad) today than it was yesterday. 13.The story you told me was (funny) of all. 14.Jane is the (little) athletic of all the women. 15.Nobody is (happy) than Maria. III. Double comparative (so s¸nh kÐp) The + cpmparative + S + V, the + comparative + S + V Ex: The hotter it is, the more misertable I feel. The higher we flew, the worse Emma felt. The sooner you leave, the earlier you will arrive at your destination. The more + S +V, The + comparative + S + V Ex: The more you study, the smarter you become. The more money he spent, the poorer he became. Exercise: KÕt hîp nh÷ng c©u sau thµnh mét c©u, dïng Double Comparative. 1. They get fat. They feel weak. 32 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 2. He trains hard. He feels strong. 3. The lesson is dificult. We try hard. 4. The house is large. It is expensive. 5. New Year comes near. People are busy. 6. We produce much rice. It is cheap. 7. The play was interesting. It attracted many people. 8. We plant many trees. We preserve much soil. 9. The worker built good roads. They needed a lot of equipment. 10.The soil was poor. The farmers try hard. 4. “ So… that” vµ “ such… that” I So … . that B¾t ®Çu cho mét mÖnh ®Ò phô chØ kÕt qu¶. So + adj/ adv + that – clause. ( qu¸ … . ®Õn nçi) Ex: The weather is so bad that I have to stay at home. He spoke so fast that I didn’t understand him. • Muèn diÔn t¶ ý nghÜa “qu¸ nhiÒu… ®Õn nçi” ta dïng: So many + danh tõ ®Õm ®îc, sè nhiÒu + that – clause. So much + danh tõ kh«ng ®Õm ®îc, sè Ýt + that – clause Ex: He has so many books that he can’t read all of them. There was so much noise that I couldn’t sleep. 5. Such… . that Còng b¾t ®Çu cho mÖnh ®Ò phô chØ kÕt qu¶. Tuy nhiªn Such…that ®îc dïng víi mét danh tõ thêng cã tÝnh tõ bæ nghÜa ®øng tríc. Such + (a/an) +adj +Noun + that – clause. Ex: She is such a beautiful girl that everybody admires her. It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it. They are such interesting books that we want to look at them again. Exercise: KÕt hîp mçi cÆp c©u sau, dïng “so…that”, “such…that” 1. My friend is too sick. He can’t go to school. 2. The food was very good. We finished it up in just a few minutes. 3. New York was a very big city. Jane was lost in it. 4. My neighbours are very bad persons. They made noise all day. 5. She bough too many things. She couldn’t bring them home at a time. 6. She is quite poor. She can’t buy a bicycle. 7. He gave us very good advice. All of us are thankful to him. 8. There is too much furniture in the room. We don’t have enough space for the meeting. 9. Lan was very busy. She couldn’t go to the movies with us. 10.Mr Green drank too much wine. He got sick. 6. “ too… to” or “ enough to” . I. “too… to” : qu¸… kh«ng thÓ. H×nh thøc “Too…to” ®îc dúng ®Ó chØ mét nguyªn nh©n ®a tíi mét kÕt qu¶ phñ ®Þnh. too + adj/ adv +to – infinitive. Ex: He is too young to go to school. 33 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 She ran too slowly to catch the train. + NÕu ®éng tõ theo sau diÔn t¶ mét sù viÖc ®îc thùc hiÖn bëi chñ ng÷ vña ®éng tõ ®I tríc, th× ta dïng: too + adj/ adv + for somebody + to - infinitive. Ex: The questions are too difficult for us to answer. The box was too heavy for the children to carry. + NÕu t©n ng÷ cña ®éng tõ theo sau thuéc cïng mét ngßi hoÆc mét vËt víi chñ ng÷ cña ®éng tõ ®I tríc th× ta kh«ng nh¾c l¹i nã: Ex: The book is too expensive for us to buy. (Kh«ng dïng It sau buy). II: “ enough to…” ®ñ… ®Ó cã thÓ. H×nh thøc “enough to…” dïng ®Ó chØ mét nguyªn nh©n ®a tíi mét kÕt qu¶ tÊt nhiªn. Adj/ adv + enough to – infinitive. Ex: He is sick enough to need a doctor. The policeman ran fast enough to catch the thief. + NÕu ®éng tõ theo sau diÔn t¶ mét sù viÖc ®îc thùc hiÖn bëi chñ ng÷ kh¸c víi chñ ng÷ cña ®éng tõ ®I tríc, th× ta dïng: Adj/ adv + enough for somebody = to – infinitive. Ex: The exercises are easy enough for you to do. He spoke English slowly enough for us to understand. + NÕu t©n ng÷ cña ®éng tõ theo sau thuéc cïng mét ngêi hoÆc mét vËt víi chñ ng÷ cña ®éng tõ ®I tríc, th× ta kh«ng nh¾c l¹i nã: Ex: The questions were easy enough for me to answer. (kh«ng dïng THEM sau ANSWER) + Enough to cã thÓ dïng sau mét danh tõ, thay v× sau mét tÝnh tõ hoÆc mét phã tõ. Ex: He has money enough to buy a new car. (He has enough money to buy a new car) Exercise: KÕt hîp c¸c c©u sau, dïng “too…to” hoÆc “enough to” 1. These oranges are ripe. You can eat them. 2. He is strong. He can carry this table. 3. The house is large. My family can live in it. 4. It was very late. They didn’t go to the party. 5. The dress is so dirty. She can’t wear it. 6. She is tall. She can reach the top shelf. 7. Mr Brown isn’t rich. He can’t buy a car. 8. My grandmother is very weak. She can’t go to walk. I. + + + + + + 9. Forms of verb (d¹ng cña ®éng tõ) To – infinitive (to V - ®«ng tõ nguyen thÓ cã to): sö dông trong c¸c trêng hîp sau: Sau c¸c ®éng tõ: want, intend, ®ecie, offer, promise, refuse, wish,… Sau c¸c tÝnh tõ: glad, happy, ready, kind,… Sau phã tõ: : enough, too. Trong cÊu tróc: It + take+ O +(time) + to V. Trong cÊu tróc: S + V + O + (not) + to V (víi V lµ: ask, get, tell, advise, request, …) BiÓu ®¹t môc ®Ých thay cho: “in order to” 34 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 II. Bare infinitive: sö dông trong c¸c trêng hîp sau: + Sau Modal Verbs nh: “can, may, must, will, shall, would, should, would rather, had better.” + Trong cÊu tróc víi V la: make, let, have, (cause active) + Trong cÊu tróc víi V lµ ®«ng tõ tri gi¸c (see, smell, notice,…) III. Verb – ing: sö dông trong c¸c trêng hîp sau: + Sau mét sè ®éng tõ : avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, keep, mind, practive, stop,… + Sau c¸c Phrasal Verbs: to be used to, to get accustomed to, to look forward to, to have a good time/ difficult/ trouble, to spend/ wasste time, to be busy, to be worth, it’s no use, …) + Trong cÊu tróc víi ®éng tõ lµ ®éng tõ tri gi¸c biÓu ®¹t hµnh ®éng ®ang tiÕp diÔn. + Sau c¸c giíi tõ nh: about, of, with, without,… IV. Past participle: ®îc dïng trong c¸c trêng hîp sau: + Trong th× Present Perfect: Have + PP. + Trong Passive Voise: Be + PP. + Trong cÊu tróc Causative Passive: Have + something + PP. + B¾t ®µu cho mét ng÷ ph©n tõ mang nghÜa passive. Exercise: Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc: 1. Tourists could see fish (swim) along the brook. 2. We enjoy (swim) along this river. 3. The form teacher has asked Jack (write) an essay on the Thames. 4. It sometimes may be dificult (get) a taxi during rush-hours. 5. The rain has made th children (stop) their games. 6. She tells th driver (take) her to the r©iy station. 7. Does Mrs Green have them (carry) those books back home? 8. The principal notied those pupils (try) harder and harder. 9. Children have just stopped (play) football. 10.They keep (talk) about an old friend they met yesterday. 11.Is Black Pool (visit) by thousands of tourist each year? 12.We hears Mr Brown (park) his car near the gate. 13.They’ve finished (do) their homework. 14.They had their house (paint) before Tet holidays. 15.I advised him (wait) for me at the airport. 16.Would you mind (help) me with this work? 17.Do you smell something (burn) in the kitchen? 18.Mother requests her daughter not (come) back home late. 19.We shall have the grass (cut) tomorrow. 20.They noticed lots of sheep (graze) in green meadows. 10.C¸ch dïng mét sè d¹ng thøc ®Æc biÖt. I. It +(takes/ took/ will take) + (somebody/ something) + to – infinitive. H×nh thøc trªn ®îc dïng khi diÔn t¶ thêi gian cÇn thiÕt ®Ó hoµn thµnh mét sù viÖc g×: Ex: It takes one hour to do these exercises. It took me twenty minutes to walk to the station. It will take the plane two hours to fly to Hanoi. Exercise 1: ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, b¾t ®Çu b»ng “it takes/ took/ will take…” 35 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 1. You will get there in about two hours. 2. I wrote this letter in thirty minutes. 3. She learned to speak English well in only one year. 4. We study this book in six months. 5. I wash and dress in less than twenty minutes every morning. 6. They finished the bridge in four years. 7. Our bus will reach the city in half an hour. 8. My mother prepared the meal all morning. 9. She learned to swim in just a few days. 10.Mr Brown wrote the report in five hours. II. “USE” , “ USED TO” , “ BE USED TO” + USE: dïng, sö dông. S + use + (something) + to – infinitive Ex: The farmers use these knives to cut the lawn. This pen is use to write letters. + USED TO: ®· thêng, ®· tõng S + used to + bare infinitive. Ex: He used to visit me on Sunday last year. I used to swim in this river when I was a child. + Be (get) used to: quen víi. S + be (get) used to + V-ing (or Noun). Ex: He is used to getting up early. My mother gets used to hot weather. Exercise 2: Dïng h×nh thøc ®óng cña ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc. 1. He used to (do) research in this library. 2. My mother used this knife (cut) an orange. 3. This farther is used to (cut) grass with a knife. 4. When my grandfather was young, he used to (work) twele hours a day. 5. Is your borther used to (drive) a tractor? 6. She used a pencil (write) this letter. 7. Are they used to (swim) in the sea. 8. John used to (be punished) by his teacher. 9. Is the wood pulp used to (make) paper? 10.I am getting used to (stay) up late. III. Mét sè giíi tõ thêng gÆp: To be good/ bad at/ weak in. To be amazed/ amused/ delighted at. To be interested in To be excited about To tell somebody about… To run about To check in To tune in To wait for, what…for? 36 TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 To listen to To talk to sb about sth To live on To be born into To be fond of To look (for, at, up, down, into, forward to,…) - Biside: bªn c¹nh = next to - Between: ë gi÷a hai ngêi, hai vËt - In the middle: ë gi÷a trung t©m. - Among: ë gi÷a nhiÒu ngêi, vËt. - To/ on the left of: bªn tr¸i. - To/ on of the right of: bªn ph¶i. - Up: trªn. - Down: díi. - About: vÒ - To: ®Õn ®©u. - From: tõ ®©u ®Õn. - After: sau - By: b»ng PT - From… to: tõ…®Õn - Above >< beneath: phÝa trªn >< phÝa díi - Inside >< outside: bªn trong >< bªn ngoµi IV. C¸c tÝnh tõ ®îc theo sau bëi c¸c giíi tõ. - Somebody: ngêi , Something: vËt, thø g× - Get up: thøc d¹y - Look at sb/ sth = take care of= care of: ch¨m sãc, tr«ng nom. - Go to some where: ®i ®Õn ®©u - Go with sb: ®i víi ai. - Go on a trip: ®i du lÞch - Stay at home: ë nhµ - Wait for sb: ®îi ai - Put on >< take off: mÆc vµo >< cëi ra - Listen sb/ sth: l¾ng nghe - Worried about sb/ sth: lo l¾ng - Afraid of sth = scared of: sî - Depend on sb: phô thuéc vµo ai - Gald to do sth: vui mõng lµm g× - Tired of sth: mÖt mái - Prefer sth to sth: thÝch c¸i g× h¬n c¸i g× - Pick sb up: ®ãn ai - Sure of sth: ch¾c ch¾n - Agree with sb: ®ång ý víi ai. - Good at sth >< bad at sth: tèt vÒ c¸i g× >< xÊu vÒ c¸i g× - Good for sb >< bad for sb: tèt cho ai >< xÊu cho ai 37 - TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8-9 Thanks to: nhê Disapointed with sth: thÊt väng vÒ c¸i g× Delighted with sth: vui síng víi c¸i g× Satisfied with sth: tho¶ m·n Capable of doing sth = to be able to: ®ñ kh¶ n¨ng lµm g× Famous for sth: næi tiÕng víi c¸i g× Apologize to sb: xin lçi ai Apologize sb for sth: xin lçi ai vÒ c¸i g× Complain to sb about sth: than phiÒn víi ai vÒ c¸i g× Provide sb with sth: cung cÊp cho ai c¸i g× = supply sb with sth Dream about sb: m¬ thÊy ai Dream of doing sth: n»m m¬ lµm g× Think about sth: nghÜ vÒ c¸i g× Think of sth: nghÜ ra, nhí ra. Remind sb about sth: nh¾c ai ®õng quªn lµm g×. Remind sb of sht: lµm cho ai nhí tíi c¸i g× Sorry about sth: xin lçi Sorry for doing sth: xin lçi lµm viÖc g× Amazed at sth: ng¹c nhiªn = surprise Congratulated sb on sth: chóc mõng ai vÒ viÖc g× Bored with = fed up with: buån, ch¸n Busy with: bËn rén Seek for st: t×m kiÕm Strick for sb: nghiªm kh¾c víi ai To get accquainted with sb: lµm quen víi ai Useful for sth: h÷u Ých vÒ c¸i g× Succed in doing sth: thµnh c«ng khi lµm g× Keep in touch = get in touch: gi÷ liªn l¹c Supply sb with sth: cung cÊp cho ai c¸i g× Thank sb for sth: c¶m ¬n ai vÒ c¸i g× 38 [...]... 86 ) When she went to Barcelona she learnt some Spanish 87 ) The State will assign our students to different jobs 88 ) The Government launched the blood drive 89 ) The students of chemistry made many experiments last week 90 ) When will you do the work? 91 ) My brother has sent me this interesting book 92 ) She asked her mother to let her go 93 )... the carpet 185 ) How many ways can you solve this problem? 186 ) He gave the magazine back to me 187 ) Tom borrowed her book and lost it 188 ) Someone turned on a light and opened the door 1 89 ) Lan left her bag in the classroom 190 ) Some students haven't submitted their assignments to the teacher on time 191 ) They brought their... 93 ) He couldn't find his key 94 ) She used to pull my hat over my eyes 95 ) For the past years, I have done all my washing by hand 96 ) A pair of robins have built a nest in the porch since last week 97 ) The police haven't found the murderer yet 98 ) They sold one of her own paintings at $1,000 99 ) I will put your gloves back in your drawer ... 78) I put the 5 pound note into one of my books yesterday 79) After he had told a story, we clapped our hands 80 ) His wife usually brings him sandwiches at lunch time 81 ) They were continually asking questions 82 ) We have to pick fruit very early in the morning 83 ) How many books do you give me? 84 ) He always lost keys 85 ) The... in Italy 192 ) After 10 minutes he will call us in 193 ) They are repairing my piano now 194 ) You must keep dogs outside shops 195 ) The postman usually leaves letters in the hall 196 ) You can't wear this shirt because it is very small 197 ) The government is launching an anti - smuggling campaign 1 98 ) He can speak 4 foreign... you write a novel? 1 78) He saw you shopping 1 79) Will you post this letter on the way to work? 180 ) Children should teat old men with respect 181 ) She is taking care of the baby girl 182 ) He immediately accepted his guilt 183 ) I am sure that I will prepare everything carefully 184 ) I advise my sister to put her... nghĩa cho danh từ chỉ ngời đứng trớc và làm tân ngữ của mệnh đề sau Ex: This is the girl You wanted to meet her last week This is the girl who you wanted to meet last week - Which: là đại từ quan hệ chỉ ngời, nó bổ nghĩa cho danh từ chỉ vật đứng vế trớc và làm chủ ngữ cho mệnh đề sau Ex: I lost the pen It is red I lost the pen which is red - Which : là đại từ quan hệ chỉ ngời, nó bổ nghĩa cho danh từ... WHERE: là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ nơi chốn, nó bổ nghĩa cho danh từ chỉ nơi chốn ở vế trớc và làm trang ngữ chỉ nơi chốn của mệnh đề sau EX: Kim Lien is the village Uncle was born in this village Kim Lien is the village WHERE Uncle Ho was born - WHEN: là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ thời gian nó bổ nghĩa cho danh từ chỉ thời gian ở vế trớc và làm trang ngữ chỉ thời gian của mệnh đề sau Ex: Lunar New Year is the... V BI TP TING ANH LP 8- 9 She ran too slowly to catch the train + Nếu động từ theo sau diễn tả một sự việc đợc thực hiện bởi chủ ngữ vủa động từ đI trớc, thì ta dùng: too + adj/ adv + for somebody + to - infinitive Ex: The questions are too difficult for us to answer The box was too heavy for the children to carry + Nếu tân ngữ của động từ theo sau thuộc cùng một ngòi hoặc một vật với chủ ngữ của động... other see you 26) Workers were digging a large hole in the ground 27) Before they took exams they had revised their lesson 28) The car knocked a woman down in the street 11 TNG HP NG PHP V BI TP TING ANH LP 8- 9 29) When he came home his father was reading a newspaper 30) Cows were eating grass on the meadow 31) My cousin will meet you at the station ... Kđ,pđ,nv Trớc PII Cuôi câu Cuối câu,sau chủ ngữ Cuối câu Lần đầu tiên,lần thứ Kđ,nv đầu câu,cuối câu TNG HP NG PHP V BI TP TING ANH LP 8- 9 hai times Bài Tập Choose a, b, c or d that best completes... 86 ) When she went to Barcelona she learnt some Spanish 87 ) The State will assign our students to different jobs 88 ) The Government launched the blood drive 89 ) The... 186 ) He gave the magazine back to me 187 ) Tom borrowed her book and lost it 188 ) Someone turned on a light and opened the door 1 89 ) Lan left her