bài giảng quang phổ hồng ngoại

QUANG PHӘ (C) HKD 2012 2 QUANG PHӘ HӖNG NGOҤI  Near Infrared: particle and composition analysis  Middle Infrared: primarily used in compound characterization  Far Infrared: not used Visible IRUV Middle IRNear IR Far IR 800nm ⃴12,500cm -1 ⃵ 2.5Pm ⃴4,000cm -1 ⃵ 25Pm ⃴400cm -1 ⃵ 50 P m ⃴200cm -1 ⃵ (C) HKD 2012 3 Thermal Imaging (Thermography) QUANG PHӘ HӖNG NGOҤI (C) HKD 2012 4 Night Vision Goggles QUANG PHӘ HӖNG NGOҤI (C) HKD 2012 5 QUANG PHӘ HӖNG NGOҤI (C) HKD 2012 6 CѪ SӢ LÝ THUYӂT (C) HKD 2012 7 CѪ SӢ LÝ THUYӂT Radiation Outcome • hQ 10 9 nm Radiowave Nuclear Spin Flips • hQ 10 6 nm Microwave Molecular Rotation • h Q 10 4 nm Infrared Bond Vibrations • hQ 500 nm Visible Electronic Excitation • hQ 200 nm Ultraviolet Electronic Excitation • hQ 10 nm X-ray Molecular Ionization • hQ 0.1 nm Gamma Ray Bond Cleavage (C) HKD 2012 8 CѪ SӢ LÝ THUYӂT Phҧn ӭng cӫa phân tӱ khi nhұn năng lѭӧng hӗng ngoҥi hQ Low Energy High Energy (C) HKD 2012 9 CѪ SӢ LÝ THUYӂT Các kiӇu dao ÿӝng (C) HKD 2012 10 CѪ SӢ LÝ THUYӂT Các kiӇu dao ÿӝng Symmetrical Asymmetrical Scissoring Twisting Rocking Wagging (C) HKD 2012 11 hȣ = k(m1 + m2) m1 m2 m2 m1 k Qobs O-H > N-H > C-H > C-O > C-C > C-F Qobs CŁ > C=C > C-C CѪ SӢ LÝ THUYӂT Phѭѫng trình cѫ bҧn (C) HKD 2012 12 CѪ SӢ LÝ THUYӂT (C) HKD 2012 13 CѪ SӢ LÝ THUYӂT (C) HKD 2012 14 CѪ SӢ LÝ THUYӂT (C) HKD 2012 15 ALKANES C-H bond “saturated” (sp 3 ) 2850-2960 cm -1 + 1350-1470 cm -1 -CH 2 - + 1430-1470 -CH 3 + “ and 1375 -CH(CH 3 ) 2 + “ and 1370, 1385 -C(CH 3 ) 3 + “ and 1370(s), 1395 (m) CѪ SӢ LÝ THUYӂT n-pentane CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 3000 cm -1 1470 &1375 cm -1 2850-2960 cm -1 sat’d C-H CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 n-hexane 2-methylbutane (isopentane) 2,3-dimethylbutane cyclohexane no 1375 cm -1 no –CH 3 [...]... Quang phә kӃ UV rҿ hѫn 50 (C) HKD 2012 Absorbance PHӘ IR VÀ PHӘ UV 230 (C) HKD 2012 240 250 260 270 280 290 51 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI ‰ Quang phә kӃ hӗng ngoҥi tán sҳc ) Dùng cách tӱ ‰ Quang phә kӃ hӗng ngoҥi biӃn ÿәi Fourrier (FTIR) ) Dùng giao thoa kӃ (C) HKD 2012 52 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI TÁN SҲC (C) HKD 2012 53 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER FT = Fourier Transfrom 54 (C) HKD 2012 QUANG. .. frequency (C) HKD 2012 58 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER (C) HKD 2012 59 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER Chuҭn bӏ mүu ‰“Neat” (phân tích mүu lӓng tinh khiӃt) ‰ Pellet (ép viên cho phân tích mүu rҳn) ‰Thin Cell (phân tích dung dӏch) ‰Long Cell (phân tích mүu khí) (C) HKD 2012 60 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER Phân tích mүu “Neat” (C) HKD 2012 61 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI... 2012 62 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER Ép viên (C) HKD 2012 63 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER Ép viên ‰Sӱ dөng bӝt khan KBr, KI, CsI ‰Trӝn mүu vӟi KBr theo tӹ lӋ 1:10 ‰NghiӅn ÿӃn kích thѭӟc 2 m diameter ‰Cho vào khuôn và ép tay hoһc máy thӫy lӵc ‰Lҩy mүu ra khӓi khuôn, tiӃn hành ÿo (C) HKD 2012 64 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER Dùng cell lӓng (C) HKD 2012 65 QUANG PHӖ... sample (C) HKD 2012 source 55 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER for G= mO, get constructive interference G=0 G is “retardation” G=O/2 for G= (m+1/2)O, get destructive interference (C) HKD 2012 56 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER Interferogram: x=0 FT x=0 Mirror travel Single beam spectrum of air 100% H2O 4000 CO2 Frequency, (cm-1) (C) HKD 2012 H2O 400 57 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN... nhҩt ‰ KRS-5, BaF2 or CaF2 có thӇ ÿѭӧc dùng ÿӇ ÿo dung dӏch trong nѭӟc mà nӗng ÿӝ tác chҩt lӟn hѫn vài % (C) HKD 2012 67 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER Dùng cell khí (C) HKD 2012 68 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER Dùng cell khí Long Path Cell (C) HKD 2012 69 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER ATR (Attenuated Total Reflection) ‰ Không cҫn tiӅn xӱ lý mүu ‰ Phân tích bӅ mһt... chҩt phӫ (coating on same materials), … 70 (C) HKD 2012 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER ATR (Attenuated Total Reflection) Sample Press Sample Sample Prism Zoom dp Prism IR Beam Penetration Depth (dp) : dp O Ĭ: Incident Angle n1: Refractive Index of prism 2S sin2 T (n2 / n1 )2 (C) HKD 2012 n2: Refractive Index of sample Ȝ: Wavelength 71 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER ATR (Attenuated... spacer) ‰ Loҥi kín (sealed liquid cell) 9 Chҩt lӓng dӉ bay hѫi 9 BӅ dày có thӇ ÿiӅu chӍnh ÿѭӧc (thông qua spacer) ‰ Loҥi kích thѭӟc cӕ ÿӏnh (fixed liquid cell) 9 Ĉӏnh lѭӧng 9 BӅ dày cӕ ÿӏnh 66 (C) HKD 2012 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER Dùng cell lӓng ៳᠅᠊᠀᠋᠓ូ ᠉៽᠐᠁᠎᠅៽᠈ ៩᠁៽᠏᠑᠎᠁᠉᠁᠊᠐ូ ៮៽᠃᠁ ៮᠁᠂᠎៽៿᠐᠅᠒᠁ូ ᠅᠊᠀᠁᠔ ៝᠍᠑᠁᠋᠑᠏ូ ᠏᠋᠈᠑᠐᠅᠋᠊ េូ ᠐᠎៽᠊᠏᠉᠅᠏᠏᠅᠋᠊ ៧៞᠎ ⅊៏័៌៿᠉៉៍ ៍៊៑៎ ᡒ ៕៌េ ៪៽៟᠈ ⅊្៌៌៿᠉៉៍ ៍៊័៕ ᡒ ៕៌េ ៧៮៯៉៑ ⅊៎៑៌៿᠉៉៍... Infrared beam Infrared beam Chҩt lӓng Mүu có bӅ mһt phҷng z Bӝt z MNJi hҩp thu lӟn (ÿѭӡng truyӅn lӟn) z z Chҩt lӓng Mҭu không có bӅ mһt phҷng Bӝt z MNJi hҩp thu nhӓ (ÿѭӡng truyӅn ngҳn z z z 72 (C) HKD 2012 QUANG PHӖ Kӂ HӖNG NGOҤI BIӂN ĈӘI FOURRIER ATR (Attenuated Total Reflection) ‰ Multi-reflection ATR 1) ATR-8000A ƒSolid sample (Film, Plastic, Rubber, Coating) ƒThe incident angle can be selected form 30ᠫ, . ⃴200cm -1 ⃵ (C) HKD 2012 3 Thermal Imaging (Thermography) QUANG PHӘ HӖNG NGOҤI (C) HKD 2012 4 Night Vision Goggles QUANG PHӘ HӖNG NGOҤI (C) HKD 2012 5 QUANG PHӘ HӖNG NGOҤI (C) HKD 2012 6 CѪ SӢ LÝ THUYӂT (C). QUANG PHӘ (C) HKD 2012 2 QUANG PHӘ HӖNG NGOҤI  Near Infrared: particle and composition analysis  Middle Infrared: