!"#$% &'()*+", !&-.//01 +02.34+55#6!7 08 9 +0 : #;+0 <-.//01 ="> !?!;@0 5: 5- >:ABC55-D+!*D /E#55-4!+F05; -;0 2;! /0+' BCC/ 6GHI &'J()*+", !KLM?.;%"IHN?O P! >="Q/;=: #I!KMLR5#'ST; !-KUM+;=+I /;=: 5#01 #V6!;W ."?(JXY,?HB J*Y)Z Y Q M5=/; #>6!["\;W ."RH> 9!/HB J";"8* >?VQI" \+#!T=/HN] 6!'^ KLM: &')(J*+", _</3 H5`="Da!b 9!H 8*";0 H>E 'C!;@6!-'DcM0*'*T* D d; b' !e .';W *f+?O P!6!b+0! D " b+' ! e .%!; #05B=e .%!b! &'g()*+", !; -+Q;0 6!aT*+Q;0 +Q;0 7#B.: I!: #I!?9 "<+V!0 +V0 QI.* 02I? 9 +V0 Q!0 "<+VI.: &?<ZN >=D02 -6!"hRi ?+V+!/I ! i ?+V+!/I .:MC/3 BC: &'$(J*$+",. !,VM?;>S- 8'#DKj&Lk•lA K*j*&*L*k*l*A*HOb- 8;MG(•,'"+V L+V#5.;%- 8'#D;M?;>SKj&Lk•lA mn-+o/I +V#5 mM5/I +V#5;ZB;!RQM`JR 0> '<aB >: #-I#5/oH "!+F.;%'^D02 M MSH-! 9!-I#5/o+? R+V+02?-#VMH-!0'!"#V?#VM)X)pG '3#V?#VMpXqJjr -?Z-+o+02SH-!+?: &'p(*$+", ; H> '6!5#*R"hH>E+Q+"a!; .=#5+F>-6!MO P!6!S#5+F+?: &'q(J*+", VQ2W +=<!B*"\'*+02) 0 m s`!+T<!B*"\' m s`!`!<!;-*"\' m s`!`#!<!B*"\+8 >"H 8\?6!9 0; !+>;j5;r "h 8 Z-+o"VC;I r";"VQ["\0 &'Y()*+", !J'!#D"t(,!*+02l ?H 8+W . &l !.)'!H-*H5aB+02 m_'`.J$aB+u*;@GJ$aB+u*/tGJ$aB *;@GJ$aB */t m_'`!)aB+u*;@G)aB+u*/tGaB *;@GaB */t m_'`#!JaB+u*;@GJaB *;@GqaB+u*/tGqaB */t j5;r 8a+oC;I *-Q 8'+V<vZND+!JQ 8 !k"E;>#-Z-+oC;I ;V*Q*H 8*H>6!* l *'`.*'`!*'`#! #_57+W! 9!'`.'`! ĐÁP ÁN – HƯỚNG DẪN CHẤM Câu Nội dung Điểm 1 (3,0điểm) !&-.//01 +02.34/T+5-5#6! 7 08!+0 ws0 "-A*!Z!"*0*"DH- @!!x"-* Ba! !=" ws0 #I5&-!"!; /Tqy #;+0 <="> !?!;@ ws=@!W +V-.//01 ; "-+02F+o w^-.+V?I7 5-z-S6!/@ "-"I w'".I5-D+! w'". EI5-D / 6"I+V 6!7R"`..*"+<<"I /<5-.7H. wI"B+<!+ ."-+5-7#\ 5-4e *J$+ *J$+ *$+ *$+ *$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ 2 (3,0điểm) a.ADN có cấu trúc 2 mạch có ý nghĩa: m&.;%#=9 *F+o mI<2a-;>-#BKLM(5Hb"<.*e 02 ! mI+=Hba-;>^!! m\Z56!J"I8 \#F m{&D;=+I /;= b. Cần ARN trung gian vì: msD<'SKLMR; '; Ha-;>/o "EZB;!R5#.T; ! m_b^/3 ; !KUM %#BaBL mKML?.;%Z\HN W"J"I+7 Z\+= H5!#r H5/;H i2+"H/o "E c. m&=/6!#VM6!;W ." J*Y)Z Y Z)*gK X|*pJZ Y (K , m&=/; #>KLM6!;W ." (|*pJZ Y ,YX*JZ Y K m_<M+EVQDTj5J}"XJZ g K (*JZ Y K ,(JZ g K ,Xp)T *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *$+ *J$+ *J$+ *$+ 3 (2,0điểm) m 8F2#V- 8; 5#7 m >F2#V-C;I 6!7 m >H5aBS07 - 9!H 8";0 m ~0R 6!";0 +5Sb6!H 8H >? IAI0 #56!C;I "` *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ J$+ B` +02a+o#RH 8&C/3 m 8( D ,a+o"`B` (e .,6!7 ;0";0 *";0 4a+oH>3; I"`B` /H 8a+o m “Nước, phân, cần, giống” v-5DH•<*vB 0R +5e .? IAI+?+02a+o#R D AD a+o I6!e ."D02 I e .6! D €B/i D "L+?5D D B +T m ; S[ b6!0!b!S5!= e .%!H5aB6!"VV-"I = D ;= B 6!b Ba5D.+=62*'#?*'"!e 3_b<V- D %!"BI- D %!+o!07 #r !I* '+V#5•"Vb"?7RH!jb -H•<4a+oe .3; Ie ./ D a +o&? D D"H•<HN"*+W ;V H +02BI€ H -+025HBe 6! D D *J$+ J$+ *$+ 4 (3,0điểm) a. sQ;0 6!aT W"‚b C*T?"F* "<+VaTƒ; +?"<+VaT+Q;0 7#B.> "<+VB0R +5 w`^/3 WD wTD Q! 9!-+S-- w`BS^ w;I -'#r 6!aT # mz?"<+V.0 +V0 Q!/ ws=HbD '#D+W += wz?<a-D ; „ mz?"<+V!0 +V0 QI./ ws=HbD '#DH += wz?<a-D <; 8?" mz?"<+V.0 +V0 Q!/ ws=HbD '#D+W += wz?<a-D ; „ #M<ZN BC m…i ?+V+!/I !>D02 -; "h C _C/3sV *S<R;f b+;. %+!/I * 0 D02 -"hC/";0 ?=I`e i2=*"hC "Vi .+o ; ";0 H !8†?=HBe I *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ ;!€ =†D02 -; "hC m…i ?+V+!/I .>D02 -; "h = _C/3…bS<;f +*+V <R#\SD02 - ; "h;.!/";0 CI`e*/bC'#D "hI`eI;.†C7*0 D02 -; "hI= *J$+ 5 (2,5điểm) !mLI +V#5L+V#5".+I"! 8→H+V#5 .;%M/I ".+I m<aBR 0*".+IuR+T["\`J '#b 0"- #‡j5/oH "!+F<./;=0 #5#5 /oF2 ƒSH-! 9!0 #5#5/oF2 0 #5 j5/oF2 mz9 #5+FH>6! i "VH 8*Z.b; Da-;>-;6!-* oB0R ;S56!" ;0 mz9 #5+FH>/ S\Z5I<./;=* vZ.b ; B9 CoB0R -56! +=HbD mnB;!+W I80 Z- +oRf ?"- / ;=+02 mnB;! ˆ*; „R f -L;=5b ! m " b5 ?!* %<C` ";0 z W b D 5?! m&-<#5z"#B5#Z"!-'+V /02M5R"hQM+=?)M>+?'!"#V(), M5R"hQM+=?pM>+?'3#V *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *$+ *J$+ *q$+ 6 (1,5điểm) Các kỳ Sự biến đổi hình thái NST Ý nghĩa ; ! mM-Z\S +I mMS'+I MHN W" J;"! I+=Hb- I+V /;= mI+=HbS '!MH>! +T m&-;"!53 +? Z\/7* I+=Hb<2 Mr";"Q *J$+ *J$+ \7 ] ZC+I6! \H> 9! 9! m&-;"!+? Z\S+I>;‰ N.* \. I>-+Q ;0 6!#VM6! mM;% \<2 S'6!M H>! >! m&-;"!- !-M +7'=JS 6!5# S'+W += 6!-M=5# D m&-M-Z\ ;R=/I 2"B A%M<2 HS'+H> ; ! *$+ *J$+ *J$+ 7 (2,0điểm) - jD"t+=<!B*"\'+`!`!<! ;-*"\'*+`!`#!<!B*"\+8` uC;! <!B;V<!;-*"\';V"\ +8 mŠ0 8M"\'*"\+8*<B*<;- ms`!`!<;-?H 8*<"V !^f#D "V !^f"t<#D"t<B?H 8 mnNC;I ""\*+`!`#!"\+8?H 8*<"V !^f#D"V !^f"t*<#D"t"\'?H 8 M m;7RH 86!#D"tM*!?;!-HBe =H 8??R+ m &;!+T??; gH 8MM*M*MM* M m &;!`!?; JH 8MM*M m &;!`#!?; JH 8* *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ 8 (3,0điểm) !…N!'`! su X)†suC;I ;V(K,* C;I Q(!, …N!'`#!†l Z'K!ZK!†l ?K! ;@/tX)†;@C;I ;V(j,*/tC;I Q(#, †lZ'Jj#Zj#†l ?j# †l ?H 8K!j#(+u*;@, †KKjj(+u*;@,Z!!##( */t,G QKK##(+u*/t,Z!!jj( *;@, l ?H 8K!j#(+u*;@,Ag !^†'`. !^!#†!!##( /t, 07 S *$+ *$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ †'`!K!##(+u*/t, †'`#!!!j#( *;@, (lý giải cách khác đúng vẫn cho điểm tối đa) b.Sơ đồ lai!!##ZK!## A!#K#*!# lK!##(+u*/t,!!##( */t, *J$+ *J$+ *J$+ *J$+