THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
ThS TRAN THANH BINH PHAN LOAI VA PHUOING PHAP GIAI CHI T I E T BAI TAP TRAC NGHI|M V A T L I 12 B I ^ N S O A N T H E O C H U O N G T R I N H M(5| D A N H C H O H Q C S I N H B A N N A N G C A O VA B A N C O B A N • T6m t i t If thuyet • Phan logi theo tCfng van de • C6c phudng phap gi^i bai t§p + b^i t§p mlu cho tCrng v§'n de • B^i t$p va If thuyet trie nghiem • Bai tap luyen tap cuoi m6i chUdng N H A Y I I A T R A M FiAi w n r o i i o c G I A T P HO CHf MINH Ldf N O I D A U C^' h k m giijp cdc em hoc s i n h c6 t a i lieu t o t k h i hoc m o n V a t l i 12, chiing t o i bien soan quyen " P h a n loai va philcfng phap g i a i c h i t i e t b ^ i t a p trac n g h i e m V a t h' 12 t r o n g t a m " T r o n g quyen sach n a y c6 10 chUofng M o i chucfng deu c6 cau triic nhif sau: PHAN I: TOM TAT LI THUYET TRQNG TAM CUA CHUdNG ( N h ^ m giup cac em hoc s i n h nMm vufng l i thuyet de c6 t h e l a m cdc cau h o i trSc n g h i e m l i thuyet cua chucfng) P H A N II: P H A N LOAI TL/NG V A N DE VA PHLTONG P H A P GIAI BAI T A P TLTNG VAN D E ( M o i v a n de, m o i l o a i deu c6 cac b ^ i t a p mau, cac cau t r i e n g h i $ m b a i t a p ciia tiTng v a n de, t i f n g l o a i , b a i t a p luyen t a p cua chucfng) PHAN III: DAP AN CUA CAC CAU TRAC NGHIEM LI THUYET + BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM VA BAI TAP LUYEN TAP (Tat ca cac cau t r i e n g h i e m va b a i t a p deu c6 hudng d a n g i a i va dap dn) C h i c c h i n r i n g , neu cae em hoc s i n h chiu k h o l a m cac eau t r i e n g h i e m va hki t a p t r o n g quyen sach v i n i m t h a t vi^ng tCrng v a n de t r o n g quyen sach n a y m p t each day dii t h i c i c em se eo k e t qua t o t m o n V a t l i t r o n g c i e ki thi Day eung la t a i lieu t h a m khao cho g i i o v i e n eung n h u phu h u y n h hoc sinh t r o n g viee giup c i e em hoc to't m o n V a t l i 12 Tuy t i c gia c6 r a t nhieu eo g i n g t r o n g qua t r i n h bien soan, n h u n g c h i c r i n g quyen s i c h k h o n g t h e t r a n h k h o i nhiJng t h i e u sot M o n g q u i v i gido v i e n , cac bac phu h u y n h va cac em hpc s i n h c6 nhiirng y k i e n d6ng g6p de l i n t d i b a n quyen s i c h se h o a n ehinh han Chan t h a n h c a m an Tdc I / I gia ChiTtfng I DQNG LlTC HOC VAT RAN P H A N I: T O M T A T L I T H U Y E T Van de 1: CHUYEN DQNG CUA VA T RAN QUA Y MQTTRUC CODINH QUANH Tpa d6 g6c * K h i v a t r a n quay quanh m o t true eo' d i n h t h i : - M o i diem tren vat vach mot dUcfng t r o n n k m mat phang vuong goe v d i true quay, c6 ban k i n h bkng khoang caeh tiT diem den true quay, eo tarn d t r e n true quay - M o i d i e m t r e n v a t deu e6 eung m o t goe quay * Tpa goe (p = ( O x , O M ) De don g i a n t a c h i xet v a t quay theo m o t ehieu va thiJdng ehon chieu quay eiia v a t la chieu diTcfng -> k h i (p > Tdc g6c a) Toe goc trung binh (conJ _ (p - c o _ A(p P t-t„ Trong At do: • (po: Toa goe lue dan t a i thc(i d i e m to (rad) • (p: Toa dp goc liie sau cf t h d i d i e m t (rad) • to: T h d i d i e m lue dau k h i v a t eo cpo (s) • t i : T h d i d i e m liic sau k h i v a t c6 (p (s) • cotb: Toe dp goe t r u n g b i n h t r o n g t h d i gian At (rad/s) • Acp: G6c ma m o t v a t quay dupe t r o n g t h d i gian At (rad) • A t : T h d i gian quay goe Aep (s) b) Toe goc tiic thai (co) Toe dp goc ttre thdi t a i thdi diem t la dai lupng dac tntog cho miJc dp quay cham hay quay nhanh cua v ^ t r ^ quanh mpt true eo' dinh t a i thdi diem m = lim ^'-0 Acp dcp At dt = k h o t h a y doi toe dp goe • Neu I nho -> y i d n -> de t h a y doi to'e dp goe Momen quSn tinh cilia m$t s6 v$t dfing ch^t a) V a t l a t h a n h m a n h dong chat, k h o i lupng m , chieu d a i I eo true quay l a dudng t r u n g true cua t h a n h (A) I = —ml' 12 Momen dOng ladng Momen dong liTpng eiia v a t r ^ n d o i v d i m p t true quay b^ng t i c h so eua momen quan t i n h cua v a t doi v d i true quay va toe dp goe cua v a t quay J b) V a t l a t h a n h m a n h dong chat, k h o i liTpng m , chieu dai / c6 true quay d i qua m p t dau t h a n h v a vuong gde v d i t h a n h Van de 3: MOMEN DQNG LI/0NG DINH LUAT BAO TO AN MOMEN DQNG LU0NG quanh true L = I.a) (u)>0-»L>0;a) X + Js'Ar 1.6,02.10^ = 4,013.10^ (hat) o Cu- h a t He c6 E = ? a) Xac d i n h h a t n h a n X V a y n a n g lurgng toa r a k h i t o n g hop g H e l i b) P h a n ling t r e n toa hay t h u bao n h i e u n&ng liitfng? ( T i n h nSng lUcJng E = N (MeV) E = 16,052.10'' M e V theo don v i eV) Cho mci = 36,956563 u; ma = 1,007276 u; mx = 1,00867 u; mAr = 36.956889 u; l u = 931 M e v / c l Tom Hiidng tat b) P h a n iJng t r e n toa nSng nhieu luong? A p d u n g d i n h luat bao t o a n d i e n t i c h va so k h o i 37 + = A + 37 mci = 36,956563 u mx = 1,00867 u mAr = 36,956889 u l u = 931 M e V / c l 17 + = Z + 18 Vay -> P + ^Li - > X + X giai a) Xdc d i n h h a t n h a n X Cho mil = 1,007276 u ddn ?,'Cl + ; H ^ X + ?s'Ar a) Xac dinh hat nhan X hay t h u bao B a i Cho p h a n iJng h a t n h a n A = l Z = ( h a t ncftron) b) T i m AE = ? Cho mp = 1,007276 u; mx = 4,001500 u; m u = 7,014400 u; l u = 931 M e V / c ^ N A = 6,02.10^^ m o l - i a) T i n h n a n g l i i o n g toa (hoac t h u ) k h i t o n g hop 0)1 m o l h a t X b) Neu d u n g l u g n g n a n g liTOng t o a r a (hoac t h u ) c u a p h a n iJng de dun soi nude t h i CO the dun soi dugc bao nhieu k i l o g a m niidc d 20"C c = 4186 J / k g Tom • mo = mci + m i l tat Hiidng dan gidi • mp = 1,007276 u = 36,956563 u + 1,007276 u = 37,963839 u a) Nhan xet: De t i n h n a n g lirgng t6a r a (hay t h u • mx = 4,001500 u vao) k h i t o n g hop 0,1 mol h a t X t h i dau t i e n t a • m = mx + mAr = 1,00867 u + 36,956889 u = 37,965559 u • m u = 7,014400 u can t i m n a n g luong toa (hay t h u vao) Do mo < m n e n p h a n ufng t h u nSng lucfng • l u = 931 MeV/c^ p h a n ij'ng Sau d i t i m so h a t AE = (mo - m)c^ = (37,963839 u - 37,96559 u)c^ AE = -1,6 M e V = -1,6.10'' (eV) ciia X c6 t r o n g 0,1 • N A = 6,02.10^2 mol-1 NSng luong t h u cua p h a n ufng: = - , - W = -1,72.10-1931 Biet MeV • c m o l h a t X, cuoi cung ta c6 the suy r a dirge n a n g a) T i n h E = ? lirgng toa (hay t h u vao) k h i t o n g hgp 0,1 m o l Cho n = 0,1 m o l h a t X Cu the nhu sau: c = 4186 J / k g • mo = m p + mL, b) m,112O - = 1,007276 u + 7,014400 u = 8,0*1676 u • m = mx + mx = 4,001500u + 4,001500u = 8,003u BAI TAP TRAC N G H I E M Do mo > m ^ p h a n iJng toa n&ng l u a n g NSng Itrgng t6a cua p h a n ling A E = (mo - m ) c ' = O.OlSBTGuc^ = 0,018676.931 M e V / c ' * 17,4 M e V * So h a t X CO t r o n g 0,1 m o l N Tir p h a n iJng t a t h a y de t o n g h o p dirge h a t X t h i nSng li^gng t o a l a AE 17,4 MeV Vay nSng lirgng toa r a k h i t o n g hgp 0,1 m o l h a t X l a E = m „ = l , 0 w ; lw = - ^ m,, =26.91 All \= 4,001 M ; m^, =29,910U; = — N A = H N A = 0,1.6,02.10^^ = 6,02.10^^ ( h a t ) A N.AE C a u 33 Cho p h a n ufng h a t n h a n : f j ^ / + a^^^°P + n c' P h a n uTng toa hay t h u bao n h i e u n&ng lugng? A Toa 2,98 M e V B T h u 2,98 M e V C Toa 2,98 eV D T h u 2,98 eV C a u 34 Cho p h a n ufng h a t n h a n : D + D T +P MeV m,, = , m , =3,016w ; m,, = 1,0073M; 1M = — — E = 5,2374.10'' M e V c P h a n uTng toa hay t h u bao n h i e u n&ng lugng? m„^o=? A 1,63 M e V K h i dung n&ng lirgng E de dun nudc t h i Ta c6: Q = m.c (ta - t i ) p h a n u-ng Phan Q 8,37984.10"' c(t2-ti) 4186.(100-20) C 3,63 M e V D 4,63 M e V C a u 35 H a t n h a n "g^P^ phong xa p h a t r a m o t h a t a va m o t h a t n h a n X nhiT E = Q = 5,2374.10'' M e V = 8,37984.10^° (J) m = B 2,63 M e V m « 0,25.10" k g ~llPo a +X r a n a y t o a r a bao n h i e u mx = 205,92944u; n ^ n g lugng? Cho m,,^^ = 209,93730u; = 4,00150u; l u = MeV/c^ A AE = 5,92 MeV B AE = 24,8 MeV C AE = 59,2 MeV D AE = 4,58 MeV C a u 36 Cho p h a n dng h a t n h a n : p + X ^2a P h a n iJng t h u hay t o a bao n h i e u nSng lugng? Cho b i e t : mp = l,007276u; m^ = 4,001506 u; mx = 7,014400 u; u = 931 M e V / c l A T h u 17,8 MeV B T h u 17,38 MeV C Toa 38 MeV D Toa 17,38 MeV Caiu 37 Cho p h a n iJng h a t n h a n : ]\Na + p-> X + ;°Ne B i e t p h a n ufng t o a r a m o t n&ng iMng 2,38 MeV T i n h nSng lirgng t o a r a k h i gam h a t X dirge tao t h a n h Cho N^ = 6,02.10^' "'or\ A 1,30223.10'" MeV B 130205.lO'" MeV C 2,56833.10'" MeV D 1,43276.10'" MeV fiu 38 Cho p h a n iJng h a t n h a n : ]T+'D'He+^n + n,6MeV T i n h n&ng lu'gng t o a r a tCr p h a n uTng t r e n k h i t o n g hgp dirge 0,5 m o l H e l i Cho biet so Avogadro N A = 6,02.lO'^ mor\ A 52,98.10'' M e V B , " M e V C " M e V D 8.10" MeV Van b ) N a n g lirprng l i e n k e t h a t L i t i 6e 4: N A N G L l / O N G L I E N K E T W|k = Am.c^ = , u.c^ = , PHLfdNG PHAP * T o n g k h o ' i lUcJng p r o t o n v a n c f t r o n l i i c d a u W„ = Z.m,, + N m , , * K h o i liTong s a u : m = m, I * D p h u t k h o i : A m = m„ - m * N a n g lufcfng l i e n k e t : = 52,7877 M e V C h o m n = 1,0087 u ; m p = 1,0073 u ; l u = M e V / c ' Hat n h a n " A l c6 k h o i l i r g n g l a , u v a h a t n h a n Tom tat Hiidng W • m n = 1,0087 u Nhan A • mp = 1,0073 u luong dan gidi v a ?°P t h i • l u = MeV/c^ y: T r o n g p h a n uTng h a t n h a n : J A + ^| B hai mp = 29,970 u + So Cac h a t A , B , C, D c6: sanh dp b e n v C n g ciia h a t n h a n - N a n g l i r g n g l i e n k e t t u a n g dng l a : ff,^^ , + A,.E^^^) AE = ( W „ ^ + W „ J - ( W „ ^ + W „ ^ ) • A E = [ ( A m j , + A m u ) - ( A m ^ + Am3).c^ Cu the ta lam nhu sau: • m = mAi = , u - D o h u t k h o i tiTcfng uTng l a : A m ^ , A m ^ , A m ^ , Am,, - {A,.E,^ hcfn t h i h a t d o c a n g b i n vOrng h p n mo = Z m p + N m n = , 0 u + , 0 u = , u - N a n g iLTgrng l i e n k e t r i e n g t i f o n g iJng l a : E^^ , E^^^ , E^^, , E^^^ AE = (A^.E^^ + A,.E^^^) h a t H a t n a o c6 n a n g l u p n g l i e n k e t r i e n g I d n (*) X e t h a t ^3'Al , W , , W,^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ T a CO n a n g l i / c f n g t o a ( t h u ) c u a p h a n uTng h a t n h a n xet: D e so s a n h d p b e n vufng c i i a h a i h a t " A l C h u n g t a c a n so s a n h n a n g l i J p n g l i e n k e t r i e n g c i i a mAi = , u - N a n g l i / c f n g l i e n k e t r i e n g c a n g 16n t h i h a t c a n g b e n viirng c6 k h o i la , u N a n g liJcfng l i e n k e t r i e n g : E Litu B a i So s a n h d p b e n v O n g c u a h a i h a t n h a n l a 13 A l v a f g P W,,, = ( m „ - m ) c ' E, MeV • Wik = Amoc^ = ( m o - m)c^ W,,, = 0,2427u.c^ v = -> K = mv = 0, p = m v = N e n AE = K„ + Kx (*) ma AE = (mo - m)c^ = [ m u - (m„ + m^)]c^ = 15,1753 M e V PHl/OfNG P H A P The AE vao (*) ^ K„ + K x = 15,1753 C o n g thiJc: • A p dung d i n h luat bao toan dpng lucfng Dinh lu$t bho to^n dong lUdng P i + P2 = P3 + P Do p„ - Px ^ ^ 4,0015 K = 0; p = K: D o n g nSng cua h a t ^ P = Px do: | K X « 0,26 M e V = ? Ta c6: K„ = v„ = 2.14,91MeV 4,0015.931 MeV 43 N o t r o n c6 dong nSng Kn = 1,2 M e V bdn vao h a t n h a n L i t i dufng yen gay r a p h a n iirng: ^ n + ^ L i X + ^ He + a T i m h a t X Dap so: P r o t o n a i U r a n i \^^U sau m o t so p h o n g xa a K x = 1,75 M e V BAI TAPTRAC NGHIEM Cau + X^f^Na va P " bien t h a n h chi Pb theo -'^^ Pb + a + x p\m x Dap so: x = a i Poloni la chat phong xa l\° Po phong tia a bien -I'^Ph , chu k i ban ciia poloni la T Sau 69 t h i t i so klioi luong giOa Pb va Po \k 0,406 T i m chu ky ban ciia poloni H a t n h a n H e l i bay vuong goc v d i phiicfng cua h a t n h a n X T i m dong nfing K , cua h a t n h a n X va dong nSng K„ cua h a t n h a n H e l i Cho m.ie = 4,00160u Dap so: 138 n g a y 6i H i e n t r o n g quang t h i e n n h i e n c6 ca U^'"' va U^''^ theo t i le so nguyen m„ = l,00866u; mx = 3,01600u; m,,i = 6,00808u; l u = 931 MeV/c' tijf la 140: Gia t h i e t d thcri d i e m h i n h t h a n h T r a i D a t t i 1§ t r e n l a 1: A Kx = 0,393 MeV; K„e = 6,069.10"' M e V T i n h t u o i ciia T r a i D a t , biet chu k i ban cua U^''^ va U^'*'"' la T i = 4,5.10'-* B Kx = 0,293 MeV; K„e = 0,15 M e V n a m , T = 0,713.10" nSm C Kx - 0,52 MeV; K „ e = 0,67 D Kx = 0,65 MeV; K„„ - 0,45 Dap so: % 6,04.10'^nam MeV ^ a i P h a n hach m o t h a t n h a n ^^^U T r o n g 16 p h a n uTng se toa r a nSng liigtng MeV C a u 44 H a t n h a n g'/'Po phong xa p h a t r a mot h a t a va mot h a t n h a n X: ^fPo lHe+^ Cho m p o - 209,93730u; m , = 205,92944u; m „ o = 4,00150u; l u = 931 MeV/C T r o n g p h a n r a t r e n , h a t n h a n poloni diJng yen H a y t i n h dong nSng cua hat 200 M e V / h a t n h a n a) Neu p h a n hach 0,2 k g " ' t / t h i nSng li/ong toa r a b^ng bao nhieu? b) Can phai dot lu'cfng than bkng bao nhieu de c6 mot nhiet liTcmg tu'ofng duong? Cho nang suat toa nhiet ciia than: 2,93.10^J/kg, N A = 6,02.10^'* nguyen tCr/mol Dap so: a) 1,63936.lO'^J; b) 0,5590.lO^'kg B a i X e t p h a n iJng: ]H+ ]H->lHe + ln a) X^c d i n h nSng lu a n g toa r a b d i p h a n uTng d6 b) T i n h k h o i luong Dcfteri can t h i e t d l c6 t h e t h u dUofc nftng lircfng nhiet hach tuong difcfng v d i nSng luong t o a r a k h i dot 0,5kg t h a n Cho ]H = 2fiUSu;lHe = 3,0149M;(,'« = 1,0087M , l u - MeV/c' B i e t nan lugng toa r a k h i dot 1kg t h a n l a 30 000 k J Dap so: a) 5,06464.IQ-'^J; b) 1,96.10-'* g Cau Cau Cau Cau Cau Cau Cau 10 Chpn D 13 Chpn A 16 Chon D 19 Chpn D 22 Chpn D 25 ChpnA 28 Chpn A N ->p + X 11 Chpn B 14 Chpn C 17 Chpn A 20 Chpn A 23 Chpn D 26 Chpn A 29 Chon C Cau Cau Cau Cau Cau Cau 12 Chpn 15 Chpn 18 Chpn 21 Chpn 24 Chpn 27 Chon DAP AN BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM CHLfOfNG IX B a i D u n g h a t a c6 dpng nftng K„ = 7,44 M e V b d n vao h a t n h a n ' ^ N diJug yen, gay r a p h a n ufng: a + Cau Cau Cau Cau Cau Cau Cau C a u U CO 92p, 143n -> Chpn c ' B i e t v a n toe ciia p r o t o n b ^ n r a c6 phucrng vuong goc v d i v a n t6'c cua h a t - C a u ^]"Po CO 84p, 126n -> Chpn C Tinh C a u Z = 3, N = 4, A = N + Z = - ^ Chpn C dpng nSng cua h a t n h a n X Cho = 4,0015u; nip = 1,0073 13,9992u; mx = 16,9947u; l u = 931 MeV/c'; l e V = 1,6.10-'^ (J) C a u Z - , N = 2, A = N + Z = ^ Chpn B Dap so: 2MeV C a u B a i D u n g m o t h a t p r o t o n c6 dong nSng K,, = 2,16MeV de b i n vao h a t nhan f^Na dang dufng y e n t a t h u diJOc h a t a va h a t Ne B i e t dong n i n g cua hat « tao r a l a 3,12MeV Cho mwa = 22,9837u; mNe = 19,9869u; m,, = l,0073u; m „ p = 4,0015u; l u = M e V / c l Dong nSng cua h a t N e l a lau U 220 a + ?,;^'Th -> Chon B Ra 222 a + ^ ; ; R n ^ Chpn A 00 Ifiu 2,Co ^ ° , e +™Ni ^ Chpn B C S u f H + ;)X -> ^He + ;,n + 17,6 C a u ^=Mg + ,^X Dap so: 1,4606 M e V C a u 10 B a i H a t n h a n ^^"Po phong xa phat r a mot h a t a va m o t h a t nhSn X U ^ X ^ JT ^ Chpn A f^Na + a - > ,^X ^ j H = Jp ^ Chpn A xct + y p - + Pb 238 92 U - ^ x ^ H e + y ° , e + 82'Pb A p dung d i n h l u a t bao toan so k h o i va dien tich [238 = 4x + O.y + 206 Cho biet h u t k h o i ciia cac h a t n h a n A mpo = l,7721u; A mx = l,74796u; l u = 931 M e V / c l NSng liTpng toa r a cua phan iJng t r e n l a 5,92116 Mev Tim dp h u t k h o i ciia h a t a Ddp so: A m„ = 0,0305u B a i 10 H a t n h a n If'Po ph a + X Cho biet dp h u t k h o i cua cac h a t n h a n A mp„ = l,7721u; A m„ = 0,0305u; l u = 931 M e V / c l NSng liTpng toa r a ciia p h a n iJng t r e n l a 5,92116 Mev Tim nang lupng l i e n k e t cua h a t X Ddp so: 1627,35Mev B a i 11 Cho biet nSng liTpng l i e n k e t r i e n g cua ^°Ne, "He va '^C I a n lupt l£l 8,03 MeV; 7,07 M e V va 7,68 MeV, nSng lupng can t h i e t de t d c h m p t h a t nhan ^"Ne t h a n h h a t a va h a t n h a n '^C l a bao nhieu? Dap so: l l , 8 M e V P H A N III:D A P A N T R A C N G H I E M CHl/OfNG I X |92 = x - y + |x = ^ |y = Chon D 3fiu 11 ^ X Chpn A ZavL 12 Chpn C ' a u 13 f O CO Z = 8, N = • Neu thay p r o t o n bang ncftron va ngiTOc l a i t h i Z = 7, N = -» A = N + Z = - > ^X H f X = ;^N ' Chpn C :;au 14 N = — N A = - 6.02 lO'^ (hat) A • h a t n h a n c6 3p ^.6,02.10^^ h a t CO 2,58.10^^1 Chpn D ' a u 15 • N = n N A = 0,02.6,02.lO'^ = 1,204.10^^ h a t ^ P b • l'°'^Pb c6 206 h a t C a u Chpn A C f i u Chpn A C a u Chpn C C a u 4, ChpnA C a u Chpn D C a u Chpn C C a u Chpn A C a u Chpn B C a u Chpn D 1,204.10"' h a t Chon A Pb CO 2,48024.10="' h a t B D D B D D C i i u I B M = 75,4% m3,^, + 24,6% m,,^^ = 0,754.34.969u + 0,246.36,966u = 35,46u C a u 28 H = 0,7Ho ^ Ho ^ = 0,7Ho 2"^ = 0,7 = 2-°'"'»« Chon D t = 0,5145.T = 2881,6 n&m -> Chon A C a u 17 M = mo 2~T = 200 « = 50 g -> Chon C C a u 29 D o i T = n a m = 2.365.24.3600 s = 63072.10^ s 16 C a u 18 • m = mo- 2'T = 500 2'» = 125 (g) -> K h o i lUgrng b i p h a n r a Am = mo - m = 500 - 125 = 375 (g) Chon D i T 14 63072.10' ' 210 6,02.10 23 « 1,575.10" B q « 4256 (Ci) -> Chon A C a u 19 m = mo ^ = 100 2' = 25 g K h o i lirong b i b i e n doi t h a n h chat khac la k h o i luang hi p h a n r a Am = mo - m = 100 - 25 = 75 g -^^ Chon B - ^ T = tuan C a u 20 m = mo ^ - » 125 = 500 ^ 2"' = ^ -> T Chon C A C a u 30 A p dung cong thiJc m T h = -^.Amu= A, - ^ ( m o „ -m„) = ^ ( l _ 2"^) -> Chon A C a u 31 > t = 3T = n a m C a u 21 m = mo 2"^ -> I m ^ = mo ^ ^ 2-' = 2'^ ^ T Chon D C a u 22 • K h i bi phan het ^ khoi lucmg ban dau -> khoi luomg c6n lai m = ^ m,, ' Cau tao h a t n h a n IfX c6 82p, 124n ^ Chpn A 31.2 A p dung cong thu'c mx = ^ A m p o = ' ^ ( - " T ) mpo , = 206 — (1 - 2"- — ) 400 « 343 210 Chon D Ta c6: m = mo ^ -> -m^ = mo.2 T ^ = - » Chon C C a u 32 A N , = No - N , = No - No 2' ^ = N o ( l - 2" ^ ) De cho A N = l , A N i ma H = Ho.2 ^ = 737,4 g ln2.NA « 3,29.10-^ g ô 3,29 (mg) ã m = m,, + m„ = 30,9787u Do mo < m -> p h a n uTng t h u n a n g lu^cfng AE = (mo - m)c^ * 2,98 M e V -> Chon B !au 34 mo = 2mo = 4,0272 u • m = mx + mp = 4,0233 u Do mo > m -> p h a n ufng toa n a n g iMng AE = 3,63 M e V -> Chon C S u 35 • mo = mx = 209,93730 u • m = m„ + mx = 209,93094 u Do mo > m -> p h a n ufng toa n a n g lu'crng AE = (mo - m}c^ = 5,92 M e V Chon A T g Cau 36 • mo = mp + mx = , u G i a i (1), (2) • m = 2ma = 8,003012 u Do m,, > m -> p h a n iJng toa nSng luong AE = ( m - m)c^ « , M e V Chon D C a u 37 N = — N , = - 6,02.10*^^ = 6,02.10'' h a t A • E = N A E = 6,02.10^12,38 = 1,43276.10^" M e V ^ Chon D C a u 38 • N = — N A = n.^A = 0,5.6,02.10^' = 3,01.10^' h a t A -> E = , p ' l l , = 5,298.10^' M e V Chon A C a u 39 • m,, = Z.nip + N.nin = 4,032 u • Wik = (mo - m)c'' = 28,3 M e V -> Chon A • m = mu = 2,0136 u W,k = (mo - m ) c ' = 2,2344 M e V ^ ^ ^ Chon A C a u 44 • A p dung d i n h luat bao t o ^ n nSng lifong AE = K x + Kne V d i AE = [mpo - (m„e + m , ) ] c ' = 5,92116 M e V ^ K x + K„e = 5,92116 • P x + Pile = ^ • Px = PHe - > C a u 40 • mo = Z.m„ + N.mn = 2,016 u ^ [K,,, =6,069.10'' MeV = 1,1172 M e V -> Chon C C a u 41 P'x = Pne Pile = (2) Chon B a u 45 • l^Na + ;p He + X H a t ^^Na dufng y e n -> v = KHC KNH, PNa = + K x (*) V d i AE = (mo - m ) c ' = [(mNa + mp) - (m„e + mx)]c^ ô 2,378 M e V ã mo = Z.m,, + N.mn = 12,096 u (*) ^ + 2,378 = KHe + K x -> Kne + K x = 5,378 • m = mc = 12 u • De cho • W,k = (mo - m ) c ' = 89,376 M e V • Xet hat (1) =PHe ^ m x K x = 2m„eKHe205,92944Kx-4,0015KHe f K , « 0,112 M e V " K„ « 5,81 M e V G i a i (1), (2) Ta c6: Kp + AE = * X6t hat ' ' C E, = Px Px = -PHe Px • m = ma = 4,0015 u 2,2344 j K x = 0,393 M e V ^ W A • mo - Z.mp + N.m„ = 13.1,0073u + 14.1,0087u= 27,2167u • m = mAi = 27u • Wik = (m„ - m ) c ' = 201,7477 M e V W |KX « 4,48 M e V = mv ^ 19,986950KHe - 4,001506Kx = Chon A C a u 46 .a+ K„ - A l Jn+?5P + AE = K„ + Kp (*) V d i AE =(mo - m ) c ' = [(m„ + mAi) - (nin + mp)]c^ = -2,6999 M e V = 7,472 M e V (*) -> - 2,6999 = Kn + K p < ^ K n + Kp = 1,3001 A Do nang lugng hen ket rieng cua n h o m 16n hcfn cacbon nen nhom ben hdn cacbon ^ Chon B (1) • Pa = Pn + Pp De cho a v„ v„ - p„ p„ C a u 43 H a t L i duTng y e n ^ VLJ = -> pu = 0, K u = K„ + AE = K x + K„e (*) V d i AE = (mo - m)c^ = [(mn + m u ) - (mx + mi,e)]c^ = -0,80066 M e V (1) • Pn = Pne + P x H i n h ve -> pf, = pf„ + p^^ 3,016 K x + 4,0016 K,ie = 1,210392 ^ fKn, =0,89 MeV ^ (*) -> 1,2 - 0,80066 = K x + Kee «^ K , + K„e = 0,39934 M e V = vx = = 7,448 M e V II A\ • E, = VHe (2) H i n h ve cho Pp = pf, + p^ -> 2mpKp = 2mnKn +.2m„K„ 1,0087K„ - 29,97005Kp = -16,006 K , = 0,74 M e V giai(l),(2)^|^^^^^^g^^^ ^ Chon C (1) (2) (2) D A P A N B A I T A P L U Y E N T A P CHLfaNG IX I J a i a) A E = (m,, - m ) c ' = [ ( m „ + m „ ) - ( m „ „ + mn)|c^ = 3,1654 M e V = 5,06464.10"'^ (J) B a i 'ilMg hay + X^'il-Na llMg+^X^f,Na 238 f,f ,I2 B a i U ~^ + 8^He = + 2.8 B a i ^^°Po ^ T a c6: m T a c6: 0,5 k g t h a n t o a 0 k J - > Q = 0 K J = 15.10*^ J = E z^^lP + lHe^ 206 g2 82 P b TT b) D e c h o k g t h a n t o a 0 k J + a X Til p h a n \ing t a t h a y : h a t D o t e r i toa AE = 5,06464.10"''' J + x"je = N = ? ^ a + ^°''Pb N = = , - > mpb = , mpo mpo(2'" - ) (2) ^ 5,923422.10".2 6,02.10 23 = 1,96.10^^ (g) K „ - A E + K p + K x (*) V d i A E = (nio - m)c^ = [ ( m „ + m N ) - (nip + nix)lc^ = - , M e V m p o ( ' ^ - 1) = , mpo ^ p + p ' = ^ p" = - p ^ m , K " = m „ K " K " (3) T h e ( ) v a o (*) ^ K * + 2m„c^ = E 1,7.10-™ V = 1,7.10"^ ^ — 8,73 n a m a n h s a n g n a m a n h sang ^ +Py P,+P, = hay p ' = -p*' ^ C a u V r H d V +P"= D o d e c h o h a t p h o t o n c h u y e n d p n g t h e o c h i e u ngUpc n h a u n e n 1,7.10-H rr> 15000.10'^ m / s = + 2m,.c'^ = 28 (*) X -^X^ — z = 2,42.10"'" ( m ) 2,42 ( p m ) B a i T a c6 p h a n iJng sU h u y cSp giufa e l e c t r o n v a p o z i t r o n °ie + ?e y +y ^ K * + 2me.c' = — X Vay K" - C5 « 1,9725 M e V = 3,156.10"''^ ( J ) » 1,9725 M e V MUC LUC LCJl NOI D A U Chiforng I DONG LlJC HOC V A T RAN Phan I : TOM T A T LI THUYET Phan II: B A I TAP TRAC NGHIEM + B A I TAP LUYEN TAP 16 Phan III: D A P A N C A U HOI TRAC NGHIEM CHl/ONG I 32 C H l / d N G II: DAO DONG C d Phan I : TOM T A T L i THUYET 58 • Phan II B A I TAP T R A C NGHIEM + B A I TAP LUYEN TAP Phan III: D A P A N C A U HOI T R A C NGHIEM C H U O N G IT Chifofng III SONG CO Phan I : TOM T A T LI THUYET 58 69 127 160 160 Phan II B A I TAP T R A C NGHIEM + B A I TAP LUYEN TAP 170 Phin III: D A P A N L I THUYET T R A C NGHIEM C H U O N G I I I 200 Chiforng IV DAO DONG V A SONG D I E N Tlf Phan I : TOM T A T LI THUYET 220 220 Phan II: B A I TAP T R A C NGHIEM + B A I TAP LUYEN TAP 228 Phan III: D A P A N LI THUYET T R A C NGHIEM C H U O N G IV 235 Chifcfng V DONG D I ^ N XOAY C H I ^ U Phan I : TOM T A T LI TUYET 242 242 Phan II B A I TAP T R A C NGHIEM + B A I TAP LUYEN TAP 256 Phan III: D A P A N LI THUYET T R A C NGHIEM CHl/CfNG V 303 Chi/tfng VL SONG ANH SANG 320 Phan I : TOM T A T L I THUYET 320 Phan II B A I TAP T R A C NGHIEM + B A I TAP LUYEN TAP Phan III: D A P A N L I THUYET TRAC NGHIEM CHUCfNG VI 327 370 370_ 382 P H A N L O A I V A PHU'OfNG P H A P G I A I C H I T I E T Phan I : T O M T A T L I T H U Y E T 382 B A I T A P T R A C N G H I E M V A T L I 12 ( T R O N G T A M ) Phan I I B A I T A P T R A C N G H I E M + B A I T A P L U Y E N T A P 392 T h S Tran Thanh Binh Chiftfng V I I L L / N G T L T A N H S A N G Phan I I I : D A P A N L I T H U Y E T T R A C N G H I E M C H U O N G V I I Chifrfng V I I I SCJ L\J0C V E T H U Y E T TL/dNG DOI H E P 415 423 Phan I : T O M T A T L I T H U Y E T 423 Phan I I : B A I T A P T R A C N G H I E M + B A I T A P L U Y E N T A P 425 Phan I I I : D A P A N L I T H U Y E T T R A C N G H I E M C H U d N G V I I I 429 Chifrfng IX H A T N H A N N G U Y E N T\J 432 Phan I : T O M T A T L I T H U Y E T 432 Phan I I : B A I T A P T R A C N G H I E M + B A I T A P L U Y E N T A P 439 Phan I I I : D A P A N T R A C N G H I E M C H U O N G I X Chiftfng X T C V I M O D E N V I M O 460 NHA X U A T B A N DAI HOC Qudc G I A TP HO CHI MINI! K P 6, P L i n h Trung, Q Thu Dufc, T P H C M So Cong tradng Quoc te, Q.3, T P H C M D T : 38239172, 38239170 F a x : 38239172; E m a i l : vnuhp@vnuhcm.edu.vn 468 Phan I : T O M T A T L I T H U Y E T 468 Phan I I : B A I T A P T R A C N G H I E M + B A I T A P L U Y E N T A P 471 Phan I I I : D A P A N L I T H U Y E T C H U O N G X 473 Chiu trdch nhiem xuat ban: TS H U Y N H B A L A N To chile ban thdo vd chiu, trdch nhicni ve tdc quyen DOAN V A N K H A N H Bien tap N G U Y E N DLfC M A I L A M Siia ban in THAN T H I HONG Trinh bay bia DIEM JK.03.VL(V) 791.2013/CXB/12-40 E)HQG.HCIVI-13 K H A N H TK.VL.452-13(T) 'n 1.000 cudn, kho 16 x 24cm So dang ky KHXB: - / C X B / - / D H Q G T P H C M Quyet djnh xuat ban so: 3 / Q D - D H Q G T P H C M 21 thang nam 2013 cua Nha xuat ban OHQG T P H C M In Tai Cong ty In Song Nguyen, nop lUu chieu thang 10 nam 2013 ... ^ 12 V = (o.R = 4.0,1 = ~ (m/s) 12 120 Chon A f = ^^=2,5(rad/s^) C a u 12 ac = r.y = 2.6 = 12 (m/s^) C a u 71 Cau l l y ^ t an = co^r = l l = 625 (m/s^) 60s Goe quay; (p - c o = w t = 120 7t.20... ciia 16 xo k h i qua cau v i t r i can b k n g la 12 cm, k = 100 N / m)47.1 K h i v a t d v i t r i can b i n g A ; C 12 N ; B.12N;10N D 0; 12 N 47.2 K h i v a t a +5cm A 17 N ; N B N ; 17... — m.l'' 12 Trong b) K h o i lugng chat d i e m I = niR^ ==> m = • m : kho''i lifdng t h a n h (kg) • /: chieu d a i t h a n h (m) V a t la t h a n h m a n h dong chat kho''i lifcfng m , chieu d
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