Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating such cues.. One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, i
Trang 1THI THỬ ĐẠI HỌC LẦN 3 TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN BẮC NINH MÔN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 12 Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút
========@========
I Read the passage and the questions or unfinished sentences Then choose the answer (A, B, C,
or D) that you think fits best
Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli They will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a rattle At first, the sounds that an infant notices might be only those words that receive the heaviest emphasis and that often occur at the ends of utterances By the time they are six or seven weeks old, babies can detect the difference between syllables pronounced with rising and falling inflections Very soon, these differences in adult stress and intonation can influence babies' emotional states and behavior Long before they develop actual language comprehension, babies can sense when an adult is playful or angry, attempting to initiate or terminate new behavior, and so on, merely on the basis of cues such as the rate, volume, and melody of adult speech
Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating such cues
One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, in all six
languages, the mothers used simplified syntax, short utterances and nonsense sounds, and
transformed certain sounds into baby talk Other investigators have noted that when mothers talk to
babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their
words They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels longer, and emphasize certain
words
More significant for language development than their response to general intonation is observation that tiny babies can make relatively fine distinctions between speech sounds, other words, babies enter the world with the ability to make precisely those perceptual discriminations that are necessary if they are to acquire aural language
Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input, too: even as young as nine months they will listen to songs or stories, although the words themselves are beyond their understanding For babies, language is a sensory-motor delight rather than the route to prosaic meaning that it often is for adults
1 What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) How babies differentiate between the sound of the human voice and other sounds
(B) The differences between a baby’s and an adult’s ability to comprehend language
(C) How babies perceive and respond to the human voice in their earliest stages of language development
(D) The response of babies to sounds other than the human voice
2 Why does the author mention a bell and a rattle in lines 3-4?
(A) To contrast the reactions of babies to human and nonhuman sounds
(B) To give examples of sounds that will cause a baby to cry
(C) To explain how babies distinguish between different nonhuman sounds
(D) To give examples of typical toys that babies do not like
Trang 23 Why does the author mention syllables pronounced with rising and falling inflections in lines 6-7? (A) To demonstrate how difficult it is for babies to interpret emotions
(B) To illustrate that a six-week-old baby can already distinguish some language differences (C) To provide an example of ways adults speak to babies
(D) To give a reason for babies’ difficulty in distinguishing one adult from another
4 The word "diverse" in line 13 is closest in meaning to
(A) surrounding (B) divided (C) different (D) stimulating
5 The word "noted" in line 15 is closest in meaning to
(A) theorized (B) requested (C) disagreed (D) observed
6 The word "They" in line 17 refers to
(A) mothers (B) investigators (C) babies (D) words
7 The passage mentions all of the following as ways adults modify their speech when talking to babies EXCEPT
(A) giving all words equal emphasis (B) speaking with shorter sentences
(C) speaking more loudly than normal (D) using meaningless sounds
8 The word "emphasize" in line 17 is closest in meaning to
9 Which of the following can be inferred about the findings described in paragraph 2?
(A) Babies who are exposed to more than one language can speak earlier than babies exposed to a single language
(B) Mothers from different cultures speak to their babies in similar ways
(C) Babies ignore facial expressions in comprehending aural language
(D) The mothers observed by the researchers were consciously teaching their babies to speak
10 What point does the author make to illustrate that babies are born with the ability to acquire language?
(A) Babies begin to understand words in songs
(B) Babies exaggerate their own sounds and expressions
(C) Babies are more sensitive to sounds than are adults
(D) Babies notice even minor differences between speech sounds
11 According to the author, why do babies listen to songs and stories, even though they cannot understand them?
(A) They understand the rhythm
(B) They enjoy the sound
(C) They can remember them easily
(D) They focus on the meaning of their parents’ words
II From the four words or phrases (A), (B), (C), or (D), choose the one that best completes the sentence
12 The sergeant was furious because he hadn’t been _ of the manoeuvres
A notified B announced C referred D communicated
13 “So, are you coming along, after all?” – “Well, I don’t know What time _?”
A you’re leaving B do you leave C will you leave D will you be leaving
14 “I suppose your report isn’t ready yet.” – “Don’t worry I _ it by tomorrow.”
A will have been finishing B will be finishing
C will have finished D am finishing
15 The Smiths have been _ guilty of kidnapping their neighbour’s child and have been sentenced to ten years in prison
A confessed B found C affirmed D established
Trang 316 “Did you enjoy your picnic?” – “Yes, we had a great time and on the way home we stopped _ the sunset.”
A to admire B admiring C to have admired D for admiring
17 It’s no wonder the children felt disappointed because first parents promised to take them to Disneyland and then they _ on their word
A played down B went back C came off D drew out
18 I’m _ too keen on visiting the Parkers again so soon
19 “Well, I first came here last June.” – “So by the end of May you _ with us for almost a year.”
A will have working B are going to have worked
C will have been working D will work
20 They are as like as two peas It’s amazing how their parents can _ them apart
21 I don’t like Anthony, he seems to take too much _ in criticizing everyone
22 My family has gone to Edinburgh to pay their last _ to Uncle Tony who died last
Thursday
23 “I’m sure you miss the island, having lived there for so long.”
“Yes, I often imagine _ it again.”
A having seen B to see C seeing D to be seeing
24 Hats like this may have been fashionable in the 60’s, but now they are _ the times
25 “Any news from Tess?” – “Yes She _ tomorrow on the 9:15 train.”
A arrives B will have arrived C arriving D will have been arriving
26 You may feel sure the casting will be done perfectly, just _ your trust in me and you will see I’m right
27 Tim has got a _ nose and he’s sneezing
28 Who else is of the _ that we should break the camp?
29 “How much time do I have to make my choice?” “I suggest you _ a quick decision.”
30 Why don’t they _ their attention on scrutinizing the evidence instead of questioning the passers-by?
31 The Wilsons have found it terribly hard to make _ meet ever since they both lost their jobs
32 “Shall I call Eddie at home?” – “I think he _ now”
A is going to work B will be working C is to work D will work
33 The police carried out a search for the missing diplomat
A throughout B through C thorough D thoughtful
34 Customs duty _ wallpaper is almost 50% so I don’t think it is a good idea to buy it abroad
35 Mexico city is a(n) _ city with a population of over 20 million people
Trang 436 Richard has forgotten to buy tickets for the performance and _ we’ll have to spend this evening in front of the TV set
A therefore B thereafter C whereupon D whereas
37 Ann’s injuries took a long time to _ completely and she has been left with several scars
38 I’m afraid starting the race today is _ the question Look at this snow
39 You look really tired You could _ a week’s holiday, I think
A make for B make with C do with D pass for
40 At first, Mark thought it would be great to build his own ranch, but he was forced to _ the idea when the bank refused to give him a loan
III Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to
be correct
41 Businessmen (A)who resort to (B)unhonest methods will (C)eventually (D)end up in prison
42 (A)Only after (B)checking three times (C)I was certain (D)of the answer
43 I like this book more than (A)the one which you (B)have lent me last week (C)It is better than that (D)boring novel
44 Get (A)in contact with me when you (B)graduate from university, (C)maybe I’ll have a job (D)for you
45 The police told us to refrain (A)from touching the furniture in (B)case they (C)would need to look (D)for fingerprints
46 I don’t mind waiting for (A)other ten minutes, but (B)will you (C)please keep (D)me company?
47 We (A)needed to go (B)on foot (C)because the car (D)wouldn’t start
48 Some philosophers say that physics, chemistry and biology are (A)subject (B)to the same rules, but scientists (C)seem to not agree (D)with them
VI Find the word that has its underlined part pronounced differently from the other three in each question
50 A transition B resort C desert D conserve
V Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each space
STUDYING ENGLISH ABROAD
Just as more English is being taught in primary schools worldwide, so there are a (52) number of language schools in English-speaking countries that are (53) courses for younger learners In Britain, most young learners’ courses are (54) to 11-year-olds and upwards, with
a few that cater for children as young as seven But what is a (55) age to start sending children abroad to study? (56) , even adult learners find the experience of travelling to a strange country and encountering people who speak a barely (57) language challenging
A great deal depends on how a child has been brought up For example, (58) they have been exposed to new things and have already started to learn independence, then they are (59) to enjoy the experience (60) , children who have previously travelled abroad with their parents will be well prepared to undertake a study (61) in an English-speaking country on their own Getting used to the idea that other countries have different customs and cultures is an important stage in the process of learning a foreign language
52 A rising B raising C increasing D growing
53 A granting B setting C offering D studying
Trang 554 A open B fit C suit D access
56 A At last B At the end C After all D Finally
57 A comprehensive B comprehensible C understanding D misunderstood
60 A In addition B On the other hand C More of D Further on
VI Read the passage and the questions or unfinished sentences Then choose the answer (A, B,
C, or D) that you think fits best
SPEAKING IN ONE TONGUE
As American English threatens to dominate the world, could the Internet offer the best hope of saving dying languages? English is spreading fast and it has been predicted that one in ten of the world’s 6,000 languages will become extinct over the next century Up to half of the world’s languages are no longer being taught to children, threatening them with eventual extinction Even countries with millions of native language speakers are so worried by the growth of English that they have devised policies to fight back
The French have brought in regulations to combat what they see as an American cultural invasion Corporations and government bodies are not allowed to use English terms where there are French equivalents And to ensure there are as many of these as possible, a Terminology Commission has been set up with the task of creating them There is widespread concern that the American influence could mean local films, TV, music and books get pushed into the background
In order to protect local languages and culture, the European Union introduced new legislation which states that half of the TV programmes shown in member states must be European
New technology does not make things easy for other languages It is especially difficult to hold back the tide of English words in high-tech industries because many of the innovations are American The Germans have their own words for “computer”, “smart-card”, “DVD”, “modem” and “handheld PC”, but hardly anyone uses them Until recently all university subjects in Malaysia were taught in Malay Now, however, universities have had to make exceptions for Information
Technology, as the majority of IT textbooks are in English and they simply do not have the time or
resources to translate them
Today there is another medium to worry about: the Internet English accounts for about 90 per cent of traffic and the World Wide Web will only accelerate its spread around the world Unlike broadcasting, however, most communication on the Net is written, so it indent pose the same threat
to regional accents and dialects It is also decentralized and more interactive than broadcasting, which may help to prevent the disappearance of minority languages
Even if English were universally adopted, this would not mean the end of diversity Languages are constantly adapting and English is not exactly the same the world over: you only have to compare American and British English to realize that The Net, too, is an instrument of change Because Net communication is mainly written, many people use abbreviations to speed things up and this trend means the language is evolving with Internet use In 10 to 20 years from now the English on the Net may well be unrecognizable compared with the English we know now
English will continue to spread and evolve with the Net but people will still speak their own languages In most cases they’ll use English for electronic communication, but native languages at home Languages are more than just a means of communication: they are also an important part of regional cultures and identities and they do not disappear easily For centuries the trading-world spoke Latin but it didn’t do away with French or German Instead, Latin became the dead language
Trang 6Languages have their own dynamics and there is little governments can do to change their course
In 18th-centliry Germany, Frederick II set up a commission to get rid of French words from German
It failed because the dynamics of a language come from the bottom up rather than the top down English may dominate but it won’t wipe every other language off the face of the Earth and it won’t be the same English spoken everywhere This may not be enough to prevent the disappearance of some of the world’s languages, but it does mean that there will not be a boring worldwide uniformity
62 Faced with the dominance of English, what does the writer think will happen to the world’s other languages?
A Many will exist alongside English B They will only be spoken at home
C Most of them will die out D They will consist mainly of English words
63 According to the writer, one reason why some languages will become extinct is that _
A English has become the first language in some countries
B there are not enough language teachers
C they are not spoken all the time
D young people are not learning them
64 The French government introduced regulations in order to _
A limit the use of English words
B increase the number of native language speakers
C control the amount of American English spoken
D restrict the number of English films on television
65 What does “they” (in the last sentence of paragraph 3) refer to?
A university subjects B Malaysian universities
66 The writer says that as a result of the Internet some languages might _
A be saved from extinction B become more widespread
C only be used in written form D no longer be used on radio and television
67 According to the writer, what effect will the Internet have on English?
A English on the Internet could soon be difficult to understand
B English will be quicker to read
C British English words will not be used on the Internet
D The appearance of English could change considerably on the Internet
68 What does the writer mean when he says “the dynamics of a language come from the bottom up rather than the top down” (in next-to-the-last paragraph)?
A The least frequent words of a language are the first to change
B Changes in language are not determined by how powerful a country is
C People, not governments, determine what happens to a language
D Unwanted foreign words disappear naturally
The Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbour in 1941 resulted in the immediate entry of the USA into World War II In late 1941 more than 75 US warships were based at this base On November 26, a Japanese force departed in secret from the Kuril Islands Observing radio silence, it reached a launching point at 6 a.m., December 7 At7:50 a.m., the first wave of Japanese planes struck Pearl Harbour, bombarding airfields and battleships A second wave followed The surprise attack was over before 10 a.m Approximately 2,400 Americans were killed, 1,300 wounded, and 1,000 missing Japanese losses were fewer than 100 casualties, 29 planes, and 5 submarines
69 The passage tells us that the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour _
A lasted about two hours B had been expected by the Americans
C caused both sides almost equal losses D was carried out by only 100 Japanese soldiers
Trang 770 According to the passage, until the bombing of Pearl Harbour _
A the Japanese hadn’t had any real success in the war
B Americans had been in a more advantageous situation than the Japanese
C the Kuril Islands hadn’t been used as a military base
D the USA had remained out of World War II
71 The Passage Points out that _
A there were 2,400 Americans at the base during the attack
B 1,000 Americans were taken hostage by the Japanese
C it was the second wave that caused the greatest damage at the base
D 75 US warships were sunk at Pearl Harbour
VII Find the word with the stress pattern different from that of the other three words in each question
72 A repetitious B competitor C historical D grammatical
73 A confident B terminate C desolate D determine
74 A poisonous B curriculum C transmit D procession
VIII Choose the sentence that means almost the same as the one given in bold
75 Hardly a country in Europe managed to escape the effects of the Napoleonic Wars of 1799-1815
A The Napoleonic Wars, which began in 1799 and ended in 1815, influenced every country in Europe
B Between 1799 and 1815, it was difficult for a European country not to be affected by the Napoleonic Wars
C It was between 1799 and 1815 that the countries of Europe were most affected by the
Napoleonic Wars
D Lasting from 1799 to 1815, the Napoleonic wars affected almost every European country
76 I know Helen is studying biology, because I have just seen her in the laboratory
A Helen may be a biology student because I know I have seen her studying in the laboratory
B Because I saw her in the laboratory a little while ago, I know that Helen is a biology student
C I’m sure I saw Helen in the laboratory when she was studying biology
D As I see Helen in the laboratory every day, I'm sure that she studies biology
77 Ophelia was working in Oman at the start of the millennium, but for the past ten years she’s been in Hong Kong
A For ten years now, Ophelia has been in Hong Kong, but at the beginning of 2000, she was working in Oman
B Ophelia worked for ten years in Hong Kong and after that, in 2000, she went to Oman
C Ophelia stopped working in Oman several years ago, and then lived in Hong Kong for ten years
D For ten years after the start of the millennium, Ophelia worked in Oman, but now she is in Hong Kong
78 Damien speaks Chinese, but at the moment he is reading a newspaper in Japanese
A Damien is speaking Chinese while he is reading a Japanese newspaper
B The newspaper Damien is reading now is Japanese, but he also reads Chinese ones
C Damien, who speaks Chinese, prefers to read his newspapers in Japanese
D Damien is reading a Japanese newspaper right now, but he also speaks Chinese
79 Milan is unique in football history, as two different football clubs from the city have won the Champions League
A The two football clubs from Milan have both done well in the Champions League
B The city of Milan has only two football clubs, but both of them have been successful in the Champions League
C In its history, Milan has seen two of its football clubs playing in the Champions League
Trang 8D With two of its football clubs winning the champions League, Milan has no parallel in the history of football
80 We can take either the 11.30 or the 11.45 train from Paris to Madrid; the latter is more
expensive, yet it reaches there before the former
A Instead of the train that leaves at 11.30 from Paris to Madrid, we should take the 11.45 train, since it is faster, though a bit more expensive
B We can take one of two trains to Madrid from Paris, but if we want to get, there as quickly as possible, then the 11.30 will be better for us than the 11.45
C Although tickets for the 11.45 train from Paris to Madrid have a higher price than those for the 11.30, that train is much quicker and so we should use it
D Of the two options available, the second train to Madrid leaves 15 minutes after the 11.30 and costs more, but it would get us there from Paris earlier
-THE END-