a. Gerund: diển tả một hành động mang tính chất tổng quát. Động từ tận cùng bằng V_ing, làm chủ ngữ (S) hay tân ngữ(O) của các động từ. Có thể dùng để trả lời cho câu hỏi What & Who Ex: Swimming is good exercise. S V We enjoy meeting you. S V O * The verbs can only be followed by _ing form: admit, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, excuse, forgive, like, prevent, remember, anticipate, begin, deny, enjoy, finish, postpone, defer, stop, suggest, love - Common expressions with go + ing: go shopping, go swimming, go dancing, go drinking, - Preposition + gerund Ex: She is good at singing a English song He b. to_infinitive: diển tả một hành động mang tính chất cụ thể (ở đâu, khi nào). * The verbs can only be followed by to_infinitive form: ask, try, want, decide, expect, forget, hesitate, hope, learn, manage, plan Ex: We hope to see her again. I want to leave here now. * The verbs + object + to_infinitive: advice, allow, cause, encourage, expect, invite, persuade, tell, want, plan Ex: My parent expect me to be a teacher I advise you to see a doctor. Note: * The to_infinitive & gerund never mean the same when we use after these verbs: remember, forget, try, stop - remember + to_infinitive: refers to an action in the future Ex: I remember to post the letter - remember + _ing: refers to the past Ex: I remember posting the letter - forget + to_infinitive: refers to the future actions Ex: Don’t forget ask Tom. I forgot to ask Tom. - forget + _ing: refers to the past Ex: Have you forgotten meeting her? - regret + to_infinitive: refers to the future or present actions Ex: We regret to announce you that you failed in the exam -regret + _ing: refers to the present or past actions Ex: I regret buying so many books - try + to_infinitive: refers to make an effort Ex: you should try to get high marks in the final exam - try + _ing: refers to experiment Ex: Try learning English and you will find it interesting. - stop + to_infinitive: refers to a purpose Ex: On the way to school, I stopped to buy a book - stop + _ing: -ing is the object of the verb: Ex: we couldn’t stop laughing because of his funny story . forget, try, stop - remember + to_infinitive: refers to an action in the future Ex: I remember to post the letter - remember + _ing: refers to the past Ex: I remember posting the letter - forget +. to the future actions Ex: Don’t forget ask Tom. I forgot to ask Tom. - forget + _ing: refers to the past Ex: Have you forgotten meeting her? - regret + to_infinitive: refers to the future or. exam - try + _ing: refers to experiment Ex: Try learning English and you will find it interesting. - stop + to_infinitive: refers to a purpose Ex: On the way to school, I stopped to buy a book -