transition in three economic sector
English 1.5 DISCUSSION REPORT Subject: English 1.5 Class section: 1338ENTI2111. Group: 8. Topic: Transitions in three economic sectors: situation and reasons. Leader: Nguyễn Thị Kim Xuân. MEMBERS LIST Number Fullname Student code Task Rank 1 Thân Thị Xuân 10D160198 Situation: Economic transition is taking place strongly B 2 Nguyễn Thị Thu Trang Situation: Government identify that industrialization and modernization were the inevitable way A 3 Nguyễn Duy Tuân Situation: Science and technology are developing day by day D 4 Nguyễn Thị Kim Xuân 10D160199 Reasons: Workers want to get high in come. Workers want to look for good working environment A 5 Đồng Thị Yến 10d160200 Reasons: Technology development B 6 Hoàng Sỹ Vinh 10d160196 Reasons: Higher demand for industrial and services products B 7 Vũ Thị Trang Reasons: Government’s development policy. The trend of the world: globalization and international economic integration A Group 8 English 1.5 INTRODUCE Related to economic transition, the transition of labours is taking place strongly. labours move from agriculture to industry and services. But why it takes place and in what situation? The following report will show you. OUTLINE 1. The situation of transitions in three economic sectors a. Economic transition is taking place strongly. b. Government identify that industrialization and modernization were the inevitable way c. Science and technology are developing day by day 2. The reasons of transitions in three economic sectors a. Workers want to get high in come b. Workers want to look for good working environment c. Technology development d. Higher demand for industrial and services products e. Government’s development policy f. The trend of the world: globalization and international economic integration Group 8 English 1.5 1. The situation of transitions in three economic sectors a. Economic transition is taking place strongly. The transformation of the labour structure always has a strong attachment to economic transition. It can be said that developing countries have had labour transformation between sectors since industrializing. When beginning to industrialize, these countries’ economies were underdeveloped and at a low level. Economic structure was still backward, agriculture contributed high density to GDP, industry and services which bring economy high value still contributed low density to GDP. Industrialization and modernization process happened quickly, this led to strong change in economic structure, agriculture density has decreased, industry and service density has increased. The transformation of the labour structure also happened as a strong revolution. Labour which made up more than 70% in agriculture decreased; in 2010, this rate was 49,5% in Viet Nam. Labour density in industry and service increased instead. Therefore, economic transition happens while a country carries out industrialization and modernization process. b. Government identify that industrialization and modernization were the inevitable way Actually, many countries carried out industrialization, modernization and achieved many undeniable scientific achievements. Economic transition toward industrialization, modernization was identified as the indispensable way for Viet Nam to escape quickly from backward situation, slow development and become a civilized and modern country. Basic content and req uest of Economic transition toward industrialization, modernization in our country are a quick increase in GDP from industry and services, a decrease in GDP from agriculture at once. The process of economic transition will indispensably lead to economic and social changes toward industrialization, modernization in structure of economic zones, economic sectors, social labour force, domestic economic structure, foreign economic structure. c. Science and technology are developing day by day On the world, science and technology are more and more developmental. There are many new inventions and scientific advances are invented. For instance, the use of atomic energy and solar energy reduced the dependence of humans on mineral source of energy; Group 8 English 1.5 the birth of synthetic materials not only helps humans reduce dependence on aregenerative natural resources but also provides humans with recyclable new sources of material which have the more preeminent features. The birth and appearance of new materials become more and more important to social productivity and scientific and technological progress. 2. The reasons of transitions in three economic sectors a. Workers want to get high in come Income plays a very important role for workers to meet most of their material and cultural needs. One of the important purposes for employees is income. They work to earn money to guarantee survived. They can not pay rent, spend on other necessary goods and services for life without income. Having high income brings workers a better life. Therefore, income is one of the important reasons that lead to movement of workers from agriculture to industry and service. Workers in the agriculture often have low labor productivity, especially developing countries, they have small-scale agricultural economy, but there are a lot of labors working in this sector. So they get only low wages. Meanwhile working in industry and service which are applied high technology and create high labor productivity. Therefore wage in these sectors is much higher than the wage that agriculture could bring. In addition, workers in these sectors is lack, so the industrial and service owners are willing to pay higher wage to attract workers to work for them. Therefore workers move from agriculture which has low-income to industry and service which give them a higher income. b. Workers want to look for good working environment Working in agriculture, workers often have to work very hard. They work on fields where there is no roof. They have to work even when it's sunny or rainy. They also have to work on field when the weather is very hot or very cold. Working in agriculture not only brings workers low income, but it is also very hard. In developing countries, it is very slow to apply technology for working in agriculture so workers spend more power to complete their work. But industry and services, working environment is much more comfortable than in agriculture. Workers work in factories, offices, they do not have to suffer from sunny, rainy and bad weather. They work in which has fan and air conditioning . Group 8 English 1.5 People often prefer to work in economic areas where working environment is comfortable. They love a high-income job but they also enjoy a light work. Workers always look for a job with good working environment, they move from agriculture to industry and services, this makes the rate of labor in agriculture is declining while rate of labor in industry and services are increasing. c. Technology development The development of science and technology is widely applied to agricultural production. People use machinery to replace labor in production, they apply methods of biotechnology to increase quantity. Tractors, harvesters, sprinklers, pumps, dryers and other motorized vehicles are used to expand production and save time for workers in the field. And in small farms, farmers use mechanical devices powered by electric motor. Many farmers became unemployed, but they can get new jobs if they move from agriculture to services and industry. Beside, the development of science and technology increases the effect of production and business in the industry and services. This leads to the ability of expanding the scale of production, labor demand increases, and they attract labors from the agricultural sector. d. Higher demand for industrial and services products People's living standards are increasing. Their demand for goods and services has become more diverse and complicated. So they consume more and more industrial and services products. In addition, the population is rising day by day, the demand for industrial products and services increases. Increasing in demand for goods requires increasing in supply of goods. The industrial and services production must expand the scale of production to guarantee supply of goods to the market. They need more labor, and the workers were attracted from the agricultural sector. e. Government’s development policy Promoting industrialization and modernization is urgently required to push back the risk of a depression economic. So we have to have a corresponding shift about labor structure, transition of labor in industry, occupations, regions, territories and between economic sectors, suitable structuring of labor is conditions to promote industrialization - modernization of the country. Many areas (mountainous, midland and coastal islands) have Group 8 English 1.5 economic advantage can be exploited. So restructuring of labor in industry, region, territory is necessary to distribute population, improve labor productivity, increase income and offer employments for workers. f. The trend of the world: globalization and international economic integration International economic integration creates conditions to promote trade development. Many commodities have conditions to access market and determine its position on the world market, turns comparative advantage into competitive advantage. Products are sold on the world market, promotes their comparative advantage and improve the competitiveness of products, create jobs for workers and increase income for them. Group 8 . and international economic integration Group 8 English 1.5 1. The situation of transitions in three economic sectors a. Economic transition is taking. 70% in agriculture decreased; in 2010, this rate was 49,5% in Viet Nam. Labour density in industry and service increased instead. Therefore, economic