[...]... that this set of books would be useful Without him they would not exist at all xi introDuCtion E xploration: New Lands, New Worlds tells of navigators who crossed oceans to chart the coastlines of distant continents, of adventurers who crossed deserts and polar wastes, and of traders who sought new markets and commodities in far lands As one volume in the Discovering the Earth multivolume set, there... ship’s sails can be turned at an angle to a headwind, however, a component of the wind force acts in the exploration A ship with a square sail cannot travel at an angle less than about 70° to a Discovering the Earth a headwind A ship with Exploration fore-and-aft sail can travel DTE -Exploration- 005-sails.ai at an angle 06/19/2009 of about 40° direction the ship is following Sailors use this fact... Atlantic and Pacific The search for that route stimulated much Arctic exploration Antarctica had nothing to offer by way of commerce Its explorers sought only to travel its vast expanses The book tells of some of the explorers of the world’s cold places It also tells of those who explored the Sahara and the Arabian Desert Finally, the story of exploration moves away from Earth and into space Then it hazards... Scottish ferry routes link places within sight of each other, and the shortest scheduled crossing takes only five minutes Even the longest, taking several hours, passes between islands, so the sailors remain within sight of land Exploration involves longer journeys, but for many centuries ships followed coastlines, because they had no means of navigating without landmarks to use as reference points Small... 70 feet (21 m) long and 16 feet (5 m) wide, with a sail and 30 rowers The illustration below shows an Egyptian merchant ship from Discovering the Earth about 1250 Exploration b.c.e., but this tried-and-true design remained in use for DTE -Exploration- 001-egypt.ai in the picture was the same size as the ones a long time, and the ship 06/17/2009 © Infobase Publishing The type of ship used by the Egyptians... arrived at Kauai Island, Hawaii Prior to this, other Europeans had been shipwrecked or marooned on the Hawaiian Islands, but they had all either died or settled there Cook’s party was the first to reach the Hawaiian Islands and return home from them Cook named these islands the Sandwich Islands, to honor his patron, the earl of Sandwich As his ship, HMS Resolution, entered the bay, it was greeted by... comprised a dugout canoe with the sides built up by planking, usually by about five feet (1.5 m) The hull’s unique feature was its asymmetry One side was curved, bulging like Discovering the Earth Exploration DTE -Exploration- 002-proa.ai 06/18/2009 0 feet 10 Down to the sea in ships 20 © Infobase Publishing Until the 20th century, the proa was the fastest sailboat the world had ever known One side of the... other times by very long oars The oars were necessary because Roman ships carried rectangular sails and had a shallow draft, which meant that they were unable to tack into Discovering the Earth Exploration DTE -Exploration- 003-roman.ai 06/19/2009 Down to the sea in ships © Infobase Publishing Roman ships used one or two rectangular sails and they could not sail into a headwind Consequently, they used...x exploration There are seven books in the set that deal with the following topics: 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Earth sciences, atmosphere, oceans, ecology, animals, plants, and exploration These topics will be of interest to students of environmental studies, ecology, biology, geography, and geology... the deployment of sails—would plan a route where the prevailing winds would be from behind Wind direction Square sail © Infobase Publishing Wind direction Fore-and-aft sail Discovering the Earth Exploration DTE -Exploration- 006-ForeAft.ai 06/19/2009 Lateen rig Down to the sea in ships Junk rig Gaff rig © Infobase Publishing The lateen rig first appeared in the eastern Mediterranean in the second century . alt="" New Lands, New Worlds Exploration