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[...]... / 10 4 The Growth of Global Standards and Regulations / 10 5 Technological Immaturity and Integration with Legacy Systems / 10 6 Lack of Robustness / 10 7 Lack of Knowledge and Experience, End-User Confusion, and Skepticism / 10 8 Ethical Issues / 10 8 Data Management / 10 9 THE FUTURE PREDICTIONS FOR RFID APPENDIX A WAL-MART RFID INITIATIVE 11 1 11 5 APPENDIX B DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE RFID POLICY OVERVIEW 12 1... it becomes clear why RFID has begun to attract the notice of a wide range of industries and government agencies: xi xii PREFACE 1 In the past 50 years, only 1. 5 billion RFID tags were sold worldwide Sales for 2004 alone are expected to top 1 billion, and as many as 1 trillion tags could be delivered by 2 015 2 Wal-Mart’s top 10 0 suppliers alone could account for 1 billion tags sold annually 3 Revenues... LIST OF ACRONYMS 13 7 GLOSSARY 13 9 RFID VENDOR LIST 15 7 POINTS OF CONTACT 19 9 INDEX 2 01 PREFACE Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is a wireless communication technology that enables users to uniquely identify tagged objects or people RFID is rapidly becoming a cost-effective technology This is in large part due to the efforts of Wal-Mart and the Department of Defense (DoD) to incorporate... incorporate RFID technology into their supply chains In 2003, with the aim of enabling pallet-level tracking of inventory, Wal-Mart issued an RFID mandate requiring its top suppliers to begin tagging pallets and cases, with Electronic Product Code (EPC) labels The DoD quickly followed suit and issued the same mandate to its top 10 0 suppliers This drive to incorporate RFID technology into their supply chains... and stocking efficiency and the decreased costs of labor, storage, and product loss that pallet-level visibility of inventory can offer Wal-Mart and the DoD are, respectively, the world’s largest retailer and the world’s largest supply chain operator Due to the combined size of their operations, the RFID mandates are spurring growth in the RFID industry and bringing this emerging technology into the... the use of RFID technology is expected to grow significantly in the next five years, and it is predicted that someday RFID tags will be as pervasive as bar codes This book provides a broad overview and guide to RFID technology and its application It is an effort to do the initial “homework” for the reader interested in better understanding RFID tools It is written to provide an introduction for business... and are applied to boxes and packaging; others are incorporated into the walls of injection molded plastic containers; and still others are built into wristbands and worn by people There are many types of RFID tags Some include miniature batteries that are used to power the tag, and these are referred to as active tags Those that don’t include an on-board battery have power “beamed” to them by the reader... 2005, Wal-Mart’s and DoD’s top 10 0 suppliers began tagging pallets of merchandise By late 2007, the price of RFID tags, will have dropped to $0.05 it is predicted and RFID will be widespread In the next 10 years, item-level tagging of merchandise will become commonplace and RFID technology will be ubiquitous, the way television, PC’s, and mobile phones already are In order to reap the full benefits of... enterprise systems It does this by directing data to appropriate enterprise systems within an organization Process Management—Middleware can be used to trigger events based on business rules Device Management—Middleware is also used to monitor and coordinate readers The main feature of RFID technology is its ability to identify, locate, track, and monitor people and objects without a clear line of sight... arrives via 16 million containers Very few containers coming into the United States are checked xvi PREFACE DHS has initiated the first part its RFID technology program through the U.S.-VISIT initiative, which currently operates at 11 5 airports and 14 seaports U.S.-VISIT combines RFID and biometric technologies to verify the identity of foreign visitors with non-immigrant visas RFID technology makes immediate . Publication