Evidence-based Cardiology – part 1 pdf

[...]... Club 19 96 ;12 5:A -14 Evidence-Based Medicine 19 96 ;1: 196 11 .Sackett DL, Richardson SR, Rosenberg W, Haynes RB Evidence-Based Medicine: how to practice and teach EBM London: Churchill Livingstone, 19 97 12 .Sackett DL, Rosenberg WMC, Gray JA, Haynes RB, Richardson WS Evidence-Based Medicine: What it is and what it isn’t BMJ 19 96; 312 :7 1 2 13 .Sackett DL, Straus S, Richardson SR, Rosenberg W, Haynes RB Evidence-Based. .. than 2 15 Evidence-based Cardiology Table 2 .1 Features of chest pain that increase the probability of a myocardial infarction Clinical feature References LR (95% CI) Chest pain radiation: (R) shoulder (L) arm both (L) and (R) arm Pain in chest or (L) arm Chest pain most important symptom Tierney et al14 Berger et al13 Berger et al13 Pozen et al15 Pozen et al15 2·9 (1 4–6 ·0) 2·3 (1 7–3 1) 7 1 (3· 6 1 4·2)... PCA Medical statistics Am J Med Sci 18 37; 21: 52 5–8 4.Morens DM Death of a president N Engl J Med 19 99;3 41: 184 5–9 5.Lloyd JU Who killed George Washington? Eclectic Med J 19 23;83:35 3–6 , 40 3–8 , 45 3–6 6.Marx R A medical profile of George Washington Am Heritage 19 55;6:4 3–7 , 10 6–7 7.Pirrucello F How the doctors killed George Washington Chicago Tribune Magazine 20 February 19 77 8.Haynes RB, Devereaux PJ, Guyatt... Schuster, 19 95 41. Kunz R, Oxman AD The unpredictability paradox: review of empirical comparisons of randomised and non-randomised clinical trials BMJ 19 98; 317 :11 8 5–9 0 42.Chalmers I Unbiased, relevant, and reliable assessments in health care BMJ 19 98; 317 :11 6 7–8 43.Guyatt GH, Sackett DL, Taylor DW et al Determining optimal therapy: randomized trials in individual patients N Engl J Med 19 86; 314 :88 9–9 2 44.Beyth... 11 0 patients Surgery 19 77;82:64 8–5 4 29.Failure of extracranial–intracranial arterial bypass to reduce the risk of ischemic stroke: results of an international randomized trial The EC/IC Bypass Study Group N Engl J Med 19 85; 313 :11 9 1 2 00 30.Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA Estrogen replacement therapy and coronary heart disease: a quantitative assessment of the epidemiologic evidence Prev Med 19 91; 20:4 7–6 3 31. Hulley... 19 98 ;10 5:9 1 9 17 .Antithrombotic Trialists’ Collaboration Collaborative metaanalysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients BMJ 2002;324:7 1 8 6 18 .Hart RG, Benavente O, McBride R, Pearce LA Antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis Ann Intern Med 19 99 ;13 1: 49 2–5 01. .. Guyatt GH Clinical expertise in the era of evidence-based medicine and patient choice ACP Journal Club 2002 ;13 6:A 11 A13 9 .Evidence-based medicine working group Evidence-based medicine, a new approach to teaching the practice of medicine JAMA 19 92;268:242 0–5 10 .Haynes RB, Sackett DL, Gray JMA, Cook DC, Guyatt GH Transferring evidence from research into practice: 1 The role of clinical care research evidence... Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF) Lancet 19 99;353:200 1 7 38.Packer M, Coats AJ, Fowler MB et al Effect of carvedilol on survival in severe chronic heart failure N Engl J Med 20 01; 344 :16 5 1 8 39.Echt DS, Liebson PR, Mitchell LB Mortality and morbidity in patients receiving encainide, flecainide, or placebo: The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial N Engl J Med 19 91; 324:78 1 8 40.Moore TJ Excess mortality estimates... chest pain Chest pain sharp or stabbing Positional chest pain Chest pain reproduced by palpation References LR (95% CI) 14 Tierney et al, Lee et al ,16 Solomon et al17 Tierney et al ,14 Lee et al16 Lee et al ,16 Solomon et al17 Tierney et al ,14 Lee et al ,16 Solomon et al17 Dyspnea 0·2 (0· 2–0 ·3) Dyspnea, defined as an uncomfortable awareness of breathing, is a common complaint of both in- and outpatients Cardiac... years out of 10 0 is Figure 1. 3 Without any blood thinning medication Chance of stroke over next 2 years is 8 out of 10 0 Chance of severe bleeding over next 2 years is 1 out of 10 0 ASA Chance of stroke over next 2 years is 6 out of 10 0 Chance of severe bleeding over next 2 years is 1 3 out of 10 0 (i.e .13 out of 10 00) Warfarin Chance of stroke over next 2 years is 3 out of 10 0 Chance of severe bleeding . cardiovascular disease 12 1 Malcolm Law 13 Use of lipid lowering agents in the prevention of cardiovascular disease 13 0 Jeffrey L Probstfield Evidence-based Cardiology vi 14 Blood pressure and cardiovascular. Netherlands James S Zebrack Cardiology Division Salt Lake Regional Hospital Salt Lake City, USA Evidence-based Cardiology xvi