DEFORM-3D Keyword Documentation Part 13 doc

TRGVOL TRGVOL obj active volume OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT obj Object number NONE active =0 TRGVOL is not used 0 =1 TRGVOL is used volume target volume NONE DEFINITION TRGVOL is the target volume that should be achieved during remeshing. TRNSFP TRNSFP Mat1, Mat2, ITYPE, KTYPE, KValue/Npt1,Npt2 Temp/Atm(1) TRNSFP(1) Temp/Atm(Npt1) TRNSFP(Ndata) or Temp(1) Temp(Npt1) Atm(1) Atm(Npt2) TRNSFP(1,1) TRNSFP(Npt1,1) TRNSFP(1,Npt2) TRNSFP(Npt1,Npt2) OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT Mat1 Material 1 NONE Mat2 Material 2 NONE ITYPE Function type =0 transformation plasticity not considered =1 with where s ij is deviatoric stress, is volume fraction of J phase and K ij is the intensity of transformation plasticity. KTYPE Type of K ij NONE =0 constant =1 function of temperature KValue Value of K for KTYPE method=0 NONE Npt1,Npt2 Number of data pairs if k is a function DEFINITION TRNSFP defines the transformation plasticity model for a transformation relationship. It is defined between material groups (phases) and it is associated with the object when the material is defined for the object. SYSTEM UNITS: (s -1 ) REMARKS The phenomenon of transformation plasticity is where the material will plastically deform at lower applied stresses than the yield stress of the material when the applied stress occurs during transformation. Applicable Simulation Modules: Microstructure Deformation Applicable Simulation Modes: Deformation Transformation Applicable Object Types: Elasto-Plastic and Plastic TTTD TTTD Mat1, Mat2,Type, ThmDirCond OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT Mat1 Material number 1 NONE Mat2 Material number 2 NONE Type =1 diffusion data (TTT table form) Function of time, atom content, and mean stress NONE =2 martensitic data (T MS , T M50 table form) Function of atom content and mean stress NONE =3 diffusion data (function form) NONE =4 diffusion data (function form, f(T) is as point data) =5 martensitic data (function form) =6 simplified form for diffusion type =7 diffusion data for recrystallization =8 melting and solidification -n- user routine n ThmDirCond Thermal direction condition =0: no condition =1: Heating =2: Cooling DEFINITION TTTD defines the time, temperature, and transformation diagram data that is needed in a transformation analysis. REMARKS Definition type 1 - diffusion data (TTT table form) function (t, c, s) TTT (time-temperature-transformation) diagram, TTA (time- temperature-austenitizing), PTT (precipitation-time-temperature) and so on are specified as a table form. The other diffusion type transformations including recrystallization are applied as this data. TTT is used for ferrite, pearlite, bainite and tempering transformations, and TTA and PTT are named for only Austenite transformation and Precipitation, respectively. The transformation start and end curves are inputted by the time in the logarithmic value at some temperature, carbon content and stress levels. In case of recrystallization and precipitation the curves depend on grain size and plastic strain, not carbon content and stress. 2 - martensitic data (T MS , T M50 table form) function (c, s) The transformation start and 50% level temperature are inputted as a table format by depending on carbon content and stress levels. 3 - diffusion data (function form) Volume fraction is represented by the Avrami equation as follows: where, , and are the function of temperature , stress and carbon content , respectively. The power depends on the kinds of the transformations. can be expressed the following simplified formula. here the coefficients from to are determined by using 50% transformed line of TTT diagram. and describe the stress and carbon content dependency of transformation, respectively as follows: The coefficients is specified according to the stress dependency of TTT curves, and are determined by carbon content dependency. 4 - diffusion data (function form, f(T) is as point data) f(T) in the above type is specified as data points of temperature 5 - martensitic data (function form) The volume fraction of diffusionless-type (martensite) transformation depended on temperature, stress and carbon content is introduced by modifying the Magee's equation as follows: . Here, is the second invariant of deviatoric stress. When the martensite transformation start temperatures under carburized conditions and applied stress are given, , and can be determined, and and are identified, if temperatures for martensite-start and for 50% martensite at and are provided respectively. 6 – simplified form for diffusion type The volume fraction can be evaluated by the following equation as the first approximation for diffusion type: Here, and are transformation start and end temperatures, respectively. and are coefficients set by dilatation- temperature diagrams. 7- diffusion data for recrystallization The volume fraction of recrystallization is usually defined by the equation including the time for 50% recrystallization as follows: where, b is material constant and n is the exponent whose value depends upon the underlying mechanisms, and t 0.5 is the time for 50% recrystallization; where a, m, and n are material constant. Q; active energy, R; gas constant and T; absolute temperature.  is a prior plastic strain obtained after an operation of forming and d 0 is an initial grain diameter specified as object data. 8- melting and solidification The volume fraction of solid is specified as a point data of temperatures. For Type 1: Kdpnd, nocurves Kdpnd- Kind of dependency Nocurves- Number of curves (max 2) =0 depends on carbon content and stress =1 depends on plastic strain and grain size if (ncurves=1) then coefficient n of Avrami eq, volume fraction of curve else volume fraction of each curve end if no atom, no stress, no temp carb 1, carb 2, (kdpnd=0) or pstr1, pstr2, (kdpnd=1) sts1, sts2, sts3 (kdpnd=0) or grns1, grns2, (kdpnd=1) temp1, temp2, t1, t2, (carb1, sts1, temp1, … or pstr1, grns1, temp1, …) For Type 2: Number of curves Number of carbon content Number of mean stresses Car1, Car2, … Sts1, Sts2, Sts3, … Temp1, Temp2 (carb1, sts1, …) For Type 3: AT1, AT2, AT3, AT4, AT5, AT6, AT7, AS, AC1, AC2, N; coefficient For Type 4: AS, AC1, AC2, N; coefficients Number of temperature T1, F(T1), T2, F(T2) For Type 5: Psi1, si2, psi31, psi32, psi4, C0; coefficients For Type 6: A: D: TS: TE: coefficients For Type 7: B, n1, a, m, n2, Q, R; coefficients For Type 8: Number of temperature T1, V(T1), T2, V(T2), … Applicable Simulation Modules: Microstructure Applicable Simulation Modes: Transformation Applicable Object Types: ALL except rigid UENAME UENAME Object, Nelm Name(1) : Name(Nelm) OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT Object Object number None Nelm Number of user element variables None Name(i) Name of the i th user element variable None DEFINITION UENAME specifies the names of the user defined element variables. REMARKS If no name is specified for a user element variable, an empty line will exist in the Keyword file. RELATED TOPICS Keywords: USRNOD, UNNAME, UNNAME UNIT UNIT UnitType OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT UnitType Unit system for DEFORM default values 1 = 1 SI units = 2 British units DEFINITION UNIT specifies the unit system for DEFORM default values. REMARKS Any system of units can be used in DEFORM as long as all unit specific variables are consistent. The SI and British unit conventions used for all unit specific DEFORM variables are listed below. Applicable simulation types: Isothermal Deformation Heat Transfer Non-Isothermal Deformation Variable SI Unit British Unit Conversion Factor SI / Factor = British Time second second 1.0 Length mm in 25.4 Area mm 2 in 2 6.4516 x 10 2 Volume mm 3 in 3 1.6387 x 10 4 Force N klbf ? Mechanical Energy N-mm klbf-in 1.13 x 10 5 Stress Mpa ksi 6.8918 Heat Energy N-mm Btu 1.055 x 10 6 Temperature C F C = (F-31)/1.8 Conductivity N/sec/C Btu/sec/in/F 7.4764 x 10 4 Heat Flux N/mm Btu/in 2 ? Heat Capacity N/mm 2 /C Btu/in 3 /F 1.1589 x 10 2 Radiation Coefficient N/sec/mm/K 4 Btu/sec/in 2 /F 1.3182 x 10 4 Convection Coefficient N/sec/mm/C Btu/sec/in 2 /F 2.943 x 10 3 Interface Heat Transfer Coefficient N/sec/mm/C Btu/sec/in 2 /F 2.943 x 10 3 UNNAME UNNAME Object, Nnodes Name(1) : Name(Nnodes) OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT Object Object number None Nnodes Number of user defined nodes variables None Name(i) Name of the i th user node variable None DEFINITION UNNAME specifies the names of the user defined nodes variables. REMARKS If no name is specified for a user node variable, an empty line will exist in the Keyword file. RELATED TOPICS Keywords: USRNOD, UENAME, UNNAME UNTE2H UNTE2H Cfactor OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT Cfactor Factor for converting mechanical energy to 1.0 SI unit heat energy 0.107 (Btu/Klb/in) DEFINITION UNTE2H specifies the factor for converting mechanical work to heat. REMARKS Mechanical energy is converted to heat energy using: E heat = E mechanical * Cfactor Applicable simulation types: Non-Isothermal Deformation RELATED TOPICS Keywords: FRAE2H [...]... please refer to the DEFORM User’ s Manual section on user routines RELATED TOPICS Keywords: USRELM, UNNAME, UENAME USRSUB USRSUB Object, Subroutine OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT Object Object Number None Subroutine Subroutine Number None DEFINITION USRSUB allows the user to store the flag value for user routines in the keyword file This flag value is taken as an argument to the user routine as the variable... velocity of the primary object reaches MinVel REMARKS VMIN is one of several parameters used to control the termination of the simulation Other keywords which effect simulation termination include: EMAX, LMAX, NSTEP, SMAX, TMAX When the criteria specified in any of these keywords has been met, the simulation will terminate Generally, VMIN is used when the movement control of the primary object is stroke or... 0.99 0.01 0 2 0.99 0.01 0 3 0.90 0.10 0 : : : : 585 0.98 0.01 0.01 REMARKS The volume fraction is determined from the keyword TTTD, which specifies the model or data used in calculating the volume fraction of each phase It is important that the user specifies the necessary input for the keyword TTTD or else the volume fraction (VOLF) will not be calculated for the object The user must input the type of... be defined as the stress just prior to necking in a specimen SYSTEM UNITS: (MPa or Ksi) EXAMPLE Simple example for material group 1 UTSDAT 1 1 3 100 50 200 60 300 80 REMARKS It should be noted that the keyword can only be used in the fracture method max(eff stress/UTS), which is object specific Applicable Simulation Module: Deformation Applicable Simulation Modes: Deformation Applicable Object Types:... altered, it must be compiled and linked If you have difficulties with this subroutine or any other aspects of implementation, please refer to the DEFORM User’ s Manual section on user routines RELATED TOPICS Keywords: USRNOD, UENAME, UNNAME USRNOD USRNOD Object, Nnode, Default, Nvar Num(1), NodeData(1,1) … NodeData(Nnode,1) ::: Num(Ndata), NodeData(1,Ndata) … NodeData(Nnode,Ndata) OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT... 0, VMIN will not be used as a termination condition Applicable simulation types: Isothermal Deformation Non-Isothermal Deformation RELATED TOPICS Stopping parameters, Movement control, Primary object Keywords: EMAX, LMAX, NSTEP, SMAX, TMAX VOLCRG VOLCRG Object, Type, Value/NData Time(1) Value(1) Time(NData) Value(NData) OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT Object Object Number None Type Induction heating volume... be pulled through a set of dies, as can be the case with drawing and extrusion processes Applicable object types: Elastic, Plastic, Elastoplastic, Porous RELATED TOPICS Deformation boundary Constraint Keywords: BCCANG, BCCDEF, MOVCTL USRDEF USRDEF NumLines Line(1) : Line(NumLines) OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT NumLines Number of lines None Line(i) Character string with up to 80 characters None DEFINITION . name is specified for a user element variable, an empty line will exist in the Keyword file. RELATED TOPICS Keywords: USRNOD, UNNAME, UNNAME UNIT UNIT UnitType OPERAND DESCRIPTION DEFAULT. no name is specified for a user node variable, an empty line will exist in the Keyword file. RELATED TOPICS Keywords: USRNOD, UENAME, UNNAME UNTE2H UNTE2H Cfactor OPERAND DESCRIPTION. 6.4516 x 10 2 Volume mm 3 in 3 1.6387 x 10 4 Force N klbf ? Mechanical Energy N-mm klbf-in 1 .13 x 10 5 Stress Mpa ksi 6.8918 Heat Energy N-mm Btu 1.055 x 10 6 Temperature C F C = (F-31)/1.8