Aircraft Design - Systhesis anh Analysis 2008 Part 15 ppsx

Appendices A list of useful tables, references, and computational programs from various chapters and other sources is provided below. ● Standard Atmosphere Properties ● Unit Converter ● Summary of Project Input Data ● Summary of Project Results ● Common Acronyms and Abbreviations ● More to be added soon ! <xmp> ! Name Value x10^n Force Length Time Temp ! length ft 1.0 0 0 1 0 0 in 0.083333 0 0 1 0 0 mi 5280.0 0 0 1 0 0 nmi 6076.1 0 0 1 0 0 m 3.280833 0 0 1 0 0 cm 3.280833 -2 0 1 0 0 mm 3.280833 -3 0 1 0 0 km 3.280833 3 0 1 0 0 yd 3.0 0 0 1 0 0 chain 66 0 0 1 0 0 league 18228.3 0 0 1 0 0 furlong 660 0 0 1 0 0 ! area acre 43560. 0 0 2 0 0 hectare 107641 0 0 2 0 0 ! volume gal .13368 0 0 3 0 0 qt .033421 0 0 3 0 0 pt .016710 0 0 3 0 0 l .035315 0 0 3 0 0 barrel 4.21092 0 0 3 0 0 cord 128 0 0 3 0 0 peck .267368 0 0 3 0 0 bushel 1.069472 0 0 3 0 0 !time sec 1.0 0 0 0 1 0 hr 3600.0 0 0 0 1 0 hour 3600.0 0 0 0 1 0 min 60.0 0 0 0 1 0 yr 3.1536000 7 0 0 1 0 year 3.1536000 7 0 0 1 0 day 8.64 4 0 0 1 0 week 6.04800 5 0 0 1 0 fortnight 12.09600 5 0 0 1 0 ! speed mph 1.46667 0 0 1 -1 0 kt 1.68781 0 0 1 -1 0 knot 1.68781 0 0 1 -1 0 ! force lb 1.0 0 1 0 0 0 oz .0625 0 1 0 0 0 N .22481 0 1 0 0 0 dyne .22481 -5 1 0 0 0 poundal .031081 0 1 0 0 0 metricTon 2204.6 0 1 0 0 0 ton 2000 0 1 0 0 0 carat .00004405 0 1 0 0 0 cuftH2O 62.366 0 1 0 0 0 ! mass kg 0.068522 0 1 -1 2 0 sl 1 0 1 -1 2 0 gram 0.068522 -3 1 -1 2 0 g 0.068522 -3 1 -1 2 0 mg 0.068522 -6 1 -1 2 0 ! pressure psi 0.006944 0 1 -2 0 0 Pa 2.08858 -2 1 -2 0 0 pascal 2.08858 -2 1 -2 0 0 atm 2116.22 0 1 -2 0 0 bar 2.08858 3 1 -2 0 0 inHg 70.727 0 1 -2 0 0 mmHg 2.7845 0 1 -2 0 0 torr 2.7845 0 1 -2 0 0 inH2O 5.2024 0 1 -2 0 0 centipoise .002089 -2 1 -2 1 0 poise .002089 0 1 -2 1 0 ! temperature degK 1.8 0 0 0 0 1 degR 1.0 0 0 0 0 1 ! energy J 0.73756 0 1 1 0 0 Joule 0.73756 0 1 1 0 0 cal 3.0880 0 1 1 0 0 BTU 778.17 0 1 1 0 0 erg 0.73756 -7 1 1 0 0 kWh 2656000 0 1 1 0 0 ! power W 0.73756 0 1 1 -1 0 watt 0.73756 0 1 1 -1 0 kW 737.56 0 1 1 -1 0 hp 550 0 1 1 -1 0 ! frequency rpm .104720 0 0 0 -1 0 Hz 6.28319 0 0 0 -1 0 ! angle degree .017453 0 0 0 0 0 deg .017453 0 0 0 0 0 rev 6.28319 0 0 0 0 0 cycle 6.28319 0 0 0 0 0 grad .015708 0 0 0 0 0 MDA Minimum Descent Altitude MEA Minimum Enroute IFR Altitude MM Middle Marker MOA Military Operation Area MOCA Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude MRA Minimum Reception Altitude MSL Mean Sea Level MTR Military Training Route NAV/COM Navigation Communications Radio NAVAID Navigational Aid NDB Non Directional Beacon (ADF) NFCT Non-Federal Control Tower NO A/G No Air to Ground Communications NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOPT No Procedure Turn Required NOTAM Notice to Airmen Affecting Airport OCSL OEI One Engine Inoperative OM Outer Marker ILS PAR Precision Approach Radar PCL Pilot Controlled Lighting RAIL Runway Alignment Indicator Light System RBN Radio Beacon RCLM Runway Centerline Marking RCLS Runway Centerline Light System REIL Runway End Identification Lights RFSS Remote Flight Service Station RR Low or Medium Frequency Radio Range Station RVR Runway Visual Range as measured in the touchdown zone area SALS Short Approach Light System SOB Souls On Board SSALS Simplified Short Approach Light System SSALSR Simplified Short Approach Light System w/Runway alignment lights TA Transition Area TACAN Tactical Air Navigational Aid (UHF) TAS True Air Speed TCA Terminal Control Area TCAS Traffic Collision Avoidance System TDZL Touch Down Zone Lights TRSA Terminal Radar Service Area TVOR Terminal VHF Omnirange Station TWEB Transcribed Weather Broadcast UNICOM Aeronautical Advisory Communication V1 Takeoff decision speed (formerly denoted as critical engine failure speed) V2 Min minimum takeoff safety speed V2 Takeoff safety speed VA Design Maneuvering Speed VB Design Speed for Maximum Gust Intensity VC Design Cruising Speed VD Design Diving Speed VDF/MDF Demonstrated Flight Diving Speed VF Design Flap Speed VFC/MFC Maximum Speed for Stability Characteristics VFE Maximum Flap Extended Speed VFR Visual Flight Rules VH Maximum speed in level flight with maximum continuous power VHF Very High Frequency VLE Maximum landing gear extended speed VLO Maximum landing gear operating speed VLOF Lift-off Speed VMC Minimum control speed with the critical engine inoperative VMO/MMO Maximum operating limit speed VMU Minimum unstick speed VNE Never-exceed speed VNO Maximum structural cruising speed VOR VHF Omnirange Station VOR-DME VHF Omnidirectional Range/Distance Measuring Equipment VORTAC VHF Omnidirectional Range/Tactical Air Navigation VR Rotation speed VS Stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is controllable VS0 Stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed in the landing configuration VS1 Stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed obtained in a specific configuration VTOL Vertical Take Off and Landing VTOSS Takeoff Safety Speed for Category A Rotorcraft VX Speed for best angle of climb VY Speed for best rate of climb Aircraft Design Information Sources Aircraft Design Information Sources by W. H. Mason Assembled for use in Aerospace Engineering Design Education at Virginia Tech. Last update November 21, 2005. Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061 Other electronic course material by Mason is available through this directory. The department's web material page is also available. These sites contain a lot of material. Please send comments and suggested additions to whmason@vt.edu Summary Please give credit to the VPI Aircraft Design Program and the NASA/USRA Advanced Design Program when this document is used. Table of Contents A. Aircraft Design Bibliographies B. Control Power Requirements Bibliographies C. A Summary of the X Series Aircraft D. Key Aircraft Museums, with some Photo Collections, including Airshows E. Software http://www.aoe.vt.edu/~mason/Mason/ACinfoTOC.html 第 1 頁 / 共 2 2006/10/29 上午 09:24:53 Aircraft Design Information Sources F. Mail Order Aviation Book Sellers and Other Catalogs G. Electronic Data Sources H. Educational Projects for Students Pages Acknowledgements This compilation was originally supported by the NASA/USRA Advanced Design Program and the NASA/Navy Control Power Requirements Study. The material has been collected from several different sources. These include a bibliography of supersonic aerodynamic design prepared at Grumman, a control power bibliography for the Navy/NASA control power study group and the 1993 Aircraft Design Short Course given to the Naval Air Warfare Center, Warminster, PA. Nathan Kirschbaum and Alex Benoliel reviewed it and suggested additions. Fred Lutze and Wayne Durham contributed to the control power section. Return to the AOE home page http://www.aoe.vt.edu/~mason/Mason/ACinfoTOC.html 第 2 頁 / 共 2 2006/10/29 上午 09:24:53 Aircraft Design Info: Design ❍ Post US SST Supersonic Aircraft Studies ● Flying Wings including the B-2 ❍ The controversy ● The Grumman X-29 ● YF-22/YF-23/F-22 ● Harrier ● STOVL ● Other Actual Aircraft ● Designer Books/Papers: ● Test Pilot Books: ● About Flight Testing ● Good Airplane Design References ● Advanced Design Studies and Unusual Concepts ❍ General informative reviews ❍ Oblique-Wing Concept ❍ Twin-Fuselage Concept ❍ Canard-Rotor Wing Concept ❍ Joined-Wing Concept ❍ Blended Wing-Body (Douglas/Liebeck) ❍ C-Wing Configuration (Boeing/McMasters) ❍ Amphibians/Flying Boats ❍ Strut and Truss Braced Wings ❍ UAVs ❍ Micro Air Vehicles ❍ Roadable Aircraft (Flying Cars) ❍ Hypersonic Aircraft Design ❍ Grumman Studies ● Periodicals ● Aerodynamics ❍ Key Survey Articles: General ❍ Applications of Computational Aerodynamics to Design ❍ Aerodynamic Design Methodology ❍ High-Lift Aerodynamics ❍ High Angle of Attack Aerodynamics ❍ Canard/Three Surface Aerodynamics ❍ Highly non-planar configuration aerodynamics (a paper by Kroo, McMasters and Smith) ❍ Winglet Aerodynamics ❍ Laminar Flow http://www.aoe.vt.edu/~mason/Mason/ACinfoA.html 第 2 頁 / 共 3 2006/10/29 上午 09:25:34 Aircraft Design Info: Design ❍ Key Aero Configuration Data Sources ❍ Transonic Airfoil Development ❍ Supersonic Aerodynamics ( based on previous Grumman work) ■ Books on Supersonic Aerodynamics ■ Advantages and Potential for Tactical Supersonic Flight ■ Supersonic Aerodynamic Design ■ Conical Camber ■ The SC3 Concept ■ Linear Theory Aerodynamic Design and Analysis ■ a) Panel Methods, Lifting Systems ■ b) Wave Drag ■ Various Contributions to Nonlinear Supersonic Aerodynamics ● Propulsion and Aero-Propulsion Integration ● Aircraft Performance ● Key AIAA Progress Series Books for Aircraft Designers ● AGARD Reports Related to Aircraft Design ● General Design Books return to the table of contents ? direct comments and suggestions to W.H. Mason, whmason@vt.edu http://www.aoe.vt.edu/~mason/Mason/ACinfoA.html 第 3 頁 / 共 3 2006/10/29 上午 09:25:34 Aircraft Design Information Sources: Surveys Design Surveys/Magazine Design Series and Design Collections from the Virginia Tech Aircraft Design Information Sources pages These are in chronological order, the latest are probably off the screen, so make sure to scroll down to the bottom. J.M. Swihart, "Jet Transport Design," AIAA Selected Reprints Vol. VIII, Nov. 1969. An excellent collection of aircraft design papers, and a bibliography which is still valuable. B.R.A. Burns, "The design and development of a military combat aircraft," Interavia , March, May, June and July 1976. This is a very good description of the major issues in aircraft design. "Design Conference Proceedings-Technology for Supersonic Cruise Military Aircraft," Volume I. AFFDL-TR-77-85, Vol. I, U.S. Air Force, 1976. AIAA Dayton-Cincinnati Section, Jay Pinson, ed., Diamond Jubilee of Powered Flight: The Evolution of Aircraft Design , Dec. 1978. Included AIAA Papers 78-3001 to 78-3016. A survey divided into each 25 year period, and including a section on the next 25. Just about every major company is represented, as well as NASA. B.R.A. Burns, "Fundamentals of Design," Air International , Feb., April, August, October, 1979; Jan., March, May, July 1980. This series builds on Burns' previous series and provides more details. AIAA Dayton-Cincinnati Section, Evolution of Aircraft Wing Design , March 1980. Includes AIAA Papers 80-3031 to 80-3047. Includes papers on the wing of the XB- 35/YB-49, Boeing wings, Lockheed Wings, the development of the F-86, variable sweep wings including the F-14, the F-4 and F-15 wing design history and the YF- 17/F-18 wing design, among others. "Tactical Aircraft Research and Technology," Volume I, NASA CP-2162, 1980. AIAA Dayton-Cincinnati Section, Aircraft Prototype and Technology Demonstrator Symposium , March 1983. AIAA Papers 83-1045 to 83-1065. Includes the General Dynamics experience (B-36, B-58, F-111/FB-111), the XB-70, the F-16, the Northrop Flying Wings, the Boeing jets, Lockheed Skunk Works, and many other demonstrator programs. Conrad Newberry, Perspectives in Aerospace Design , AIAA, 1991. This book is a collection of http://www.aoe.vt.edu/~mason/Mason/ACiSurveys.html 第 1 頁 / 共 2 2006/10/29 上午 09:25:55 [...]... Fighter Design, " Air International, Part 1 - Requirements, January 1996, Part 2 - Aerodynamics, March 1996, Part 3 - Stability & Control I, June 1996, Part 4 - Stability & Control II, August 1996, Part 5 - Propulsion I, November 1996, Part 6 Propulsion II, January 1997, Part 7 - Structures, March 1997, Part 8 - Avionics I, May 1997, Part 9 - Avionics II, July 1997, Part 10 - Stealth, September 1997, Part. .. configuration evolution for many projects Covers through the YF-22 and some future concepts Mike Hurst, "Anatomy of an Airliner," Air International, "Part 1 - concept to delivery," Sept 1994, pp.18 2-1 86, "Part 2 - systems to certification," October 1994, pp.22 2-2 27, "Part 3 - the airliner in service," November 1994, pp.27 6-2 79, and "Part 4 - in flight," December 1994, pp.343346 This is an outstanding... Part 11 - Systems, November 1997, Part 12 - Armament & Tactics 1, January 1998, Part 13 - Armament & Tactics 2, March 1998 This is better than any textbook on the subject In the future there may be more parts return to the table of contents ? direct comments and suggestions to W.H Mason, mason@aoe.vt.edu http://www.aoe.vt.edu/~mason/Mason/ACiSurveys.html 第 2 頁 / 共 2 2006/10/29 上午 09:25:55 Aircraft Design. . .Aircraft Design Information Sources: Surveys over 90 AIAA papers on various aspects of design It also includes a bibliography The bibliography cites primarily books useful to aircraft designers Jay Miller, Lockheed's Skunk Works The First Fifty Years, Aerofax, Arlington, TX, 1993 This is indeed... controls Specific Aircraft r Representative "Math Model" Data r Detailed "Math Models" return to the table of contents ? direct comments and suggestions to W.H Mason, mason@aoe.vt.edu http://www.aoe.vt.edu/~mason/Mason/ACinfoB.html 第 2 頁 / 共 2 2006/10/29 上午 09:26:22 Aircraft Design Information Sources: Controls Related TextBooks Controls Related Textbooks from the Virginia Tech Aircraft Design Information... Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1973 Nelson, R C., Flight Stability and Automatic Control, McGraw-Hill Co, New York, 1989 Roskam, J., Airplane Flight Dynamics and Automatic Flight Controls, Parts I and II, published by DARcorporation, 120 East Ninth Street, Suite 2, Lawrence, KS, 66044, Phone: 1-8 0 0-3 277144 Seckel, E., Stability and Control of Airplanes and Helicopters, Academic Press, New York,... Tech Aircraft Design Information Sources pages Ashley, H., Engineering Analysis of Flight Vehicles, Addison-Wesley, Reading, 1974 This book has a simple, effective overview presentation of flight mechanics Etkin, B., Dynamics of Atmospheric Flight, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1972 McRuer, D., Ashkenas, I., and Graham, D., Aircraft Dynamics and Automatic Control, Princeton University Press, Princeton, . 0.068522 -3 1 -1 2 0 g 0.068522 -3 1 -1 2 0 mg 0.068522 -6 1 -1 2 0 ! pressure psi 0.006944 0 1 -2 0 0 Pa 2.08858 -2 1 -2 0 0 pascal 2.08858 -2 1 -2 0 0 atm 2116.22 0 1 -2 0 0 bar 2.08858 3 1 -2 0. 1996, Part 5 - Propulsion I, November 1996, Part 6 - Propulsion II, January 1997, Part 7 - Structures, March 1997, Part 8 - Avionics I, May 1997, Part 9 - Avionics II, July 1997, Part 10 - Stealth,. the development of the F-86, variable sweep wings including the F-14, the F-4 and F -1 5 wing design history and the YF- 17/F-18 wing design, among others. "Tactical Aircraft Research and