350 Handbook of Optical Materials Zirconium (polycrystalline) 20 —continued Energy eV n k R(φ = 0) Energy eV n k R(φ = 0) 22.00 1.20 0.77 0.014 26.60 0.91 0.67 0.013 22.60 1.15 0.76 0.013 27.00 0.88 0.66 0.013 23.00 1.12 0.75 0.013 27.60 0.84 0.65 0.014 23.60 1.08 0.73 0.013 28.00 0.83 0.64 0.014 24.00 1.05 0.73 0.013 28.60 0.82 0.64 0.014 24.60 1.02 0.71 0.012 29.00 0.81 0.64 0.014 25.00 1.00 0.71 0.012 29.60 0.82 0.64 0.014 25.60 0.97 0.69 0.012 30.00 0.82 0.64 0.014 26.00 0.95 0.69 0.013 References: 1. Weaver, J. H. Krafka, C., Lynch, D. W. and Koch, E. E., Optical Properties of Metals, Volumes I and II, Physics Data, Nr. 18-1 and 18-2, (Fachinformationzentrum, Karlsruhe, Germany). 2. Palik, E. D., Ed., Handbook of Optical Constants, Vol. I and Vol. II ( Academic Press, New York, 1985 and 1991). 3. Gray, D. E., Coord. Ed., American Institute of Physics Handbook, 3rd Edition ( McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1972). 4. Shiles, E., Sasaki, T., Inokuti, M., and Smith, D. Y., Phys. Rev. Sect. B, 22, 1612 (1980). 5. Bos, L. W., and Lynch, D. W., Phys. Rev. Sect. B, 2, 4567 (1970). 6. Hagemann, H. J., Gudat, W., and Kunz, C., J. Opt. Soc. Am., 65, 742 (1975). 7. Potter, R. F., Handbook of Optical Constant, Vol. I ( Academic Press, New York, 1985), p. 465. 8. Olson, C. G., Lynch, D. W., and Weaver, J. H., unpublished. 9. Weaver, J. H., Olson, C. G., and Lynch, D. W., Phys. Rev. Sect. B, 15, 4115 (1977). 10. Weaver, J. H., Colavita, E., Lynch, D. W., and Rosei, R., Phys. Rev. Sect. B, 19, 3850 (1979). 11. Priol, M. A., Daudé, A., and Robin, S., Compt. Rend., 264, 935 (1967). 12. Weaver, J. H., Lynch, D. W., and Olson, D. G., Phys. Rev. Sect. B, 10, 501 (1973). 13. Lynch, D. W., Rosei, R., and Weaver, J. H., Solid State Commun., 9, 2195 (1971). 14. Weaver, J. H., Lynch, D. W., and Olson, C. G., Phys. Rev. Sect. B, 7, 431 (1973). 15. Weaver, J. H., and Benbow, R. L., Phys. Rev. Sect. B, 12, 3509 (1975). 16. Weaver, J. H., Phys. Rev. B, 11, 1416 (1975). 17. Edwards, D. F., in Handbook of Optical Constants, Vol. I ( Academic Press, New York, 1985), p. 547. 18. Johnson, P. B., and Christy, R. W., Phys. Rev. Sect. B, 9, 5056 (1974). 19. Weaver, J. H., Lynch, D. W., and Olson, C. G., Phys. Rev. Sect. B, 12, 1293 (1975). 20. Lanham, A. P., and Terherne, D. M., Proc. Phys. Soc., 83, 1059 (1964). Spectra Spectra of n and k and of the normal incidence absorptance A and reflectance R are shown graphically in Figures 4.2.1–4.2.24 for the following metals [figures are from Lynch, D. W., Mirror and reflector materials, Handbook of Laser Science and Technology, Vol. IV, Optical Materials, Part 2 (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1986), p. 185]. Aluminum Gold Nickel Silicon Copper Iron Niobium Silver Germanium Molybdenum Platinum Tungsten © 2003 by CRC Press LLC Section 4: Metals 351 Figure 4.2.1 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for aluminum. Figure 4.2.2 Reflectance and absorptance (A) for aluminum calculated for normal incidence from the data of Figure 4.2.1. Note that A = 1 – R and a semi-infinite sample is assumed, i.e., the sample is thick enough to be opaque. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 352 Handbook of Optical Materials Figure 4.2.3 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for copper. Figure 4.2.4 Reflectance and absorptance (A) for copper calculated for normal incidence from the data of Figure 4.2.3. Note that A = 1 – R and a semi-infinite sample is assumed, i.e., the sample is thick enough to be opaque. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC Section 4: Metals 353 Figure 4.2.5 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for germanium. Figure 4.2.6 Reflectance (R) for germanium calculated for normal incidence from the data of Figure 4.2.4. Germanium is transparent for wavelengths >1.8 µm and no effect from a second surface has been considered in calculating R. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 354 Handbook of Optical Materials Figure 4.2.7 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for gold. Figure 4.2.8 Reflectance and absorptance (A) for gold calculated for normal incidence from the data of Figure 4.2.7. Note that A = 1 – R and a semi-infinite sample is assumed, i.e., the sample is thick enough to be opaque. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC Section 4: Metals 355 Figure 4.2.9 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for iron. Figure 4.2.10 Reflectance and absorptance (A) for iron calculated for normal incidence from the data of Figure 4.2.9. Note that A = 1 – R and a semi-infinite sample is assumed, i.e., the sample is thick enough to be opaque. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 356 Handbook of Optical Materials Figure 4.2.11 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for molybdenum. Figure 4.2.12 Reflectance and absorptance (A) for molybdenum calculated for normal incidence from the data of Figure 4.2.11. Note that A = 1 – R and a semi-infinite sample is assumed, i.e., the sample is thick enough to be opaque. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC Section 4: Metals 357 Figure 4.2.13 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for nickel. Figure 4.2.14 Reflectance and absorptance (A) for nickel calculated for normal incidence from the data of Figure 4.2.13. Note that A = 1 – R and a semi-infinite sample is assumed, i.e., the sample is thick enough to be opaque. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 358 Handbook of Optical Materials Figure 4.2.15 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for niobium. Figure 4.2.16 Reflectance and absorptance (A) for niobium calculated for normal incidence from the data of Figure 4.2.15. Note that A = 1 – R and a semi-infinite sample is assumed, i.e., the sample is thick enough to be opaque. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC Section 4: Metals 359 Figure 4.2.17 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for platinum. Figure 4.2.18 Reflectance and absorptance (A) for platimum calculated for normal incidence from the data of Figure 4.2.17. Note that A = 1 – R and a semi-infinite sample is assumed, i.e., the sample is thick enough to be opaque. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC [...]... imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for silver Figure 4.2.22 Reflectance and absorptance (A) for silver calculated for normal incidence from the data of Figure 4.2.21 Note that A = 1 – R and a semi-infinite sample is assumed, i.e., the sample is thick enough to be opaque © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 361 362 Handbook of Optical Materials Figure 4.2.23 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction... 813 820 833 847 862 877 893 909 926 935 n 1.332 1.332 1.332 1.331 1.331 1.331 1.331 1.331 1.330 1.330 1.330 1.330 1.330 1.329 1.329 1.329 1.329 Ref 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 380 Handbook of Optical Materials Index of Refraction n of Water (300 K)—continued λ (nm) 990 1000 1010 1020 1031 1042 1053 1070 1087 1099 1111 1124 1136 1149 1163 1176 1190 1205 1220 1235 1250 1266 1282 1299 131 6 133 3 135 1... 82nd edition, Lide, D R., Ed (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2001), p 12-221 © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 370 Handbook of Optical Materials 4.5 Mirror Substrate Materials Tables adapted from Palmer, J M., Properties of metals, in Handbook of Optics, Vol.II (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995), p 35.11 Mirror Substrate Materials Material Fused silica Beryllium (I-70) Aluminum (6061) Copper Stainless steel (304) Invar... 0.03 Section 5: Liquids 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 Introduction Water Physical Properties of Selected Liquids Index of Refraction Nonlinear Optical Properties Magnetooptic Properties Commercial Optical Liquids © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 374 Handbook of Optical Materials 5.2.2 Absorption Linear Absorption Coefficient α of Water* λ (nm) α 185 186 187 188 189 190 400 410 420 430 440 450 460.7 469.4 480.7 490.1... Ultra-violet absorption spectra of the molecules H2O, HDO and D2, Nature 187, 138 (1960) © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 376 Handbook of Optical Materials 2 Sullivan, S A., Experimental study of the absorption in distilled water, artificial sea water, and heavy water in the visible region of the spectrum, J Opt Soc Am 53, 962 (1963) This reference contains additional values of α at wavelengths intermediate... distilled water, artificial sea water, and heavy water in the visible region of the spectrum, J Opt Soc Am 53, 962 (1963) This reference contains additional values of α at wavelengths intermediate to those given above 5.2.3 Index of Refraction © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 378 Handbook of Optical Materials Index of Refraction n of Water (298 K) λ (µm) 0.200 0.225 0.250 0.275 0.300 0.325 0.350 0.375 0.400... 11.8 24.8 4.8 13. 4 7.3 5.1 11.8 8.8 6.2 8.2 18.9 6.3 22.0 8.6 4.5 30.2 5.7 0.897 1.825 0.449 0.385 0.129 0 .131 0.449 1.023 0.251 0.444 0.265 0 .130 0.246 0 .133 0 .137 0.243 0.235 0.140 0.228 0.523 0 .132 0.388 0.278 Thermal conductivity(b) (W/m K) 237 200 93.7 401 317 147 80.2 156 138 90.7 53.7 87.6 71.8 71.6 47.9 150 429 57.5 66.6 21.9 174 116 27.7 (a) 25˚C, (b) 27˚C From the CRC Handbook of Chemistry... 1087 1099 1111 1124 1136 1149 1163 1176 1190 1205 1220 1235 1250 1266 1282 1299 131 6 133 3 135 1 506 609 750 1190 1580 2140 3220 4710 5140 5020 4690 4160 3510 2850 2310 1900 1640 1480 1660 1920 2320 3230 5480 9700 11800 12300 12500 12500 12200 11700 11100 10700 1130 0 134 00 16700 22500 38700 Ref λ (nm) 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 137 0 138 9 1408 1429 1443 1471...360 Handbook of Optical Materials Figure 4.2.19 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for silicon Figure 4.2.20 Reflectance and absorptance (A) for silicon calculated for normal incidence from the data of Figure 4.2.19 Silicon is transparent for wavelengths > 1.2 µm and no effect from a second... 10587 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 379 1.703 1.821 1.886 1.924 1.957 1.966 2.004 2.036 2.056 2.069 2.081 2.094 2.107 2.119 2 .130 Reference: Hale, G M and Querry, M R., Optical constants of water in the 200-nm to 200-µm wavelength region, Appl Opt 12, 555 (1973) Index of refraction n of water (300 K) λ (nm) 214.44 303.4 360 404.66 408 435.84 449 486 .13 508.6 546.07 556 587.56 . thick enough to be opaque. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 352 Handbook of Optical Materials Figure 4.2.3 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for copper. Figure 4.2.4 Reflectance and. considered in calculating R. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 354 Handbook of Optical Materials Figure 4.2.7 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for gold. Figure 4.2.8 Reflectance and. thick enough to be opaque. © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 356 Handbook of Optical Materials Figure 4.2.11 Real (n) and imaginary (k) part of the index of refraction for molybdenum. Figure 4.2.12 Reflectance